EP3235571B1 - Feste messeranordnung - Google Patents

Feste messeranordnung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3235571B1
EP3235571B1 EP16166441.2A EP16166441A EP3235571B1 EP 3235571 B1 EP3235571 B1 EP 3235571B1 EP 16166441 A EP16166441 A EP 16166441A EP 3235571 B1 EP3235571 B1 EP 3235571B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
knife
rotor
knives
fixed
seat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16166441.2A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3235571A1 (de
Inventor
Magnus Blom
Kurt SJÖBERG
Henrik Karlsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rapid Granulator AB
Original Assignee
Rapid Granulator AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rapid Granulator AB filed Critical Rapid Granulator AB
Priority to PL16166441T priority Critical patent/PL3235571T3/pl
Priority to EP16166441.2A priority patent/EP3235571B1/de
Publication of EP3235571A1 publication Critical patent/EP3235571A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3235571B1 publication Critical patent/EP3235571B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C18/186—Axially elongated knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C2018/188—Stationary counter-knives; Mountings thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a knife assembly for a size reduction machine, such as a shredder or a granulator, which includes a rotor, wherein a knife is fixed on a seat and arranged for cooperation with a number of knives on the rotor, and the fixed knife is planar with a general plane of extension, wherein the fixed knife is held by at least two knife holders, which are arranged to adjust and position the knife in its plane of extension.
  • a size reduction machine such as a shredder or a granulator
  • the invention also concerns a size reduction machine, such as a shredder or a granulator.
  • Size reduction machines such as shredders or granulators, are used in many fields for size reduction of different materials, for example mixed garbage or waste from building sites. They are also used for size reduction of selected, more uniform materials, such as wood or plastics, either to make the material less bulky or to prepare it for further processing.
  • Shredders for plastics are often used for preparing large and/or heavy plastic parts for the production of plastic granules in a granulator mill, which requires smaller and more homogeneous parts in order to work as efficiently as possible and with as little down-time as possible. The resulting granules are often recycled in the production of new objects. Shredders work with a slower rotor speed than regular mills, and are more robust, in order to handle large or heavy pieces.
  • a shredder is provided with a hopper, for receiving the parts which are to be cut into smaller pieces.
  • a pusher is provided for pushing the parts towards the rotor, which may be provided with knives at one or two levels thereon.
  • the knives on the rotor cooperate with fixed knives, and cut the plastics material between them. If the knives on the rotor are arranged at two different levels, the fixed knives are also arranged to cut the material at two different distances from the center of the rotor, which results in the fixed knives having sharp edges with a jagged appearance.
  • the edge is alternatingly extending to be able to cooperate with the knives in the valleys of the rotor, and alternatingly recessed to be able to cooperate with the knives on the ridges of the rotor.
  • the fixed knives In order to work properly, the fixed knives must be at a proper distance from the center of the rotor, so that the rotor may rotate freely, but at the same time its rotating knives should be close enough to the fixed knives to able to cut the material in the shredder.
  • US5195685A discloses a granulator with fixed knives held by bolts. A set of abutments are arranged at the forward edges of the knives, which are pushed towards the abutments to attain a correct position.
  • US3897016A discloses a typical construction according to the prior art, where fixed knives are provided with through-going fixing means and adjustment screws at their rear edges.
  • US2830770A discloses a further option with fixed knives, through-going fixing means and adjustment screws.
  • US2009/0045276A1 discloses a fixed knife which is connected to an adjusting slide.
  • the slide can be moved by a spindle drive towards or away from a rotor, displacing simultaneously the fixed knife into a desired position.
  • DE202005013719U1 discloses a complex adjustment mechanism for a non-reversible knife. Fixing screws keep the knife in its position.
  • US5775608A discloses a knife with adjustment screws that push the knife into a desired position. Fixing screws keep the knife in its attained position.
  • each knife holder is arranged to extend below the knife on the seat and through a back wall, with a transversal stud arranged to extend into a bore in the knife, and an adjustment sleeve is arranged on each knife holder, which sleeve is arranged for pushing the knife towards the rotor on tensioning of the adjustment sleeve, and for pulling the knife away from the rotor on loosening of the adjustment sleeve.
  • the size reduction machine such as a shredder or a granulator, according to the invention includes the abovementioned knife assembly.
  • Fig. 1 shows a shredder 1 according to the invention.
  • the shredder 1 has a hopper 2 into which the plastic material, which is to be comminuted, is to be received.
  • the shredder is also provided with a pusher 3, which pushes the material towards a rotor 4, which cuts the material into smaller pieces with the aid of knives on the rotor 4 and at least one stationary knife.
  • a pusher 3 which pushes the material towards a rotor 4
  • large lumps of plastics may be cut into uniformly sized chips.
  • outlet 5 for evacuation of the uniformly sized chips of plastic material resulting from the cutting by the rotor 4.
  • the outlet 5 may be connected to a conveyor, for transporting the plastic chips to a granulating mill and from there into the production of goods.
  • Fig. 2 shows a section of the shredder according to Fig. 1 . From the section it is clear how the hopper 2 funnels down into a narrower, lower part 2a, wherein the pusher 3 operates in order to make sure that all the material reaches the rotor 4, and is eventually cut into smaller pieces. These smaller pieces are fed into the outlet 5, which is next to the rotor 4, as can be seen in Fig. 2 .
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the rotor 4.
  • the rotor is provided with a screen 6, which is perforated.
  • the screen is arranged on that side of the rotor 4 which faces away from the lower part 2a of the hopper 2.
  • the uncovered side of the rotor 4 may be discerned in Fig. 3 .
  • the rotor 4 is provided with annular ridges 7 and valleys 8.
  • a number of knives 9 are arranged on the ridges 7 as well as in the valleys 8, which will be clearer in Fig. 4 , which is a plan view of the rotor 4.
  • the arrangement of the knives 9 is known as such in the prior art, and serves to distribute the reaction forces from the cutting, so that the operation of the shredder 1 will run as smoothly and efficiently as possible. Also, the distribution allows the material, which is to be cut, to advance in small steps towards the rotor 4, each time the rotor 4 has rotated half a turn, as the knives 9 are alternatingly arranged at an outer level of the rotor 4, on the ridges 7, on the first half and at an inner level, in the valleys 8, on the second half.
  • the knives 9 that are mounted in the valleys 8 are arranged at an inner level, i. e. at a level closer to the center, of the rotor 4, while the knives 9 at the ridges 7 are arranged at an outer level.
  • the two levels of knives 9 will enable the pusher 3 to push the plastic material to be shredded forward towards the rotor 4 in small steps, where it will alternatingly be cut by the knives 9 at the outer level and the inner level, respectively.
  • a number of fixed knives 10 are arranged, in order to cooperate with the knives 9 on the rotor 4, for cutting the material in the shredder 1.
  • the sharp edges 11 of the fixed knives 10 have a shape which is complementary to the profile of the rotor 4 with its ridges 7 and valleys 8.
  • the knives 10 are also provided with a number of bores 12 for fastening the knives 10 on a seat close to the rotor 4.
  • each fixed knife 10 is fixed to the seat 13 by at least two bolts 14.
  • knife holders 15 are arranged to extend directly below the knife 10, however slightly offset from the bolt 14.
  • Fig. 6 shows the knives 10 mounted on the seat 13 from a different angle.
  • the outer ends of the knife holders 15 are visible, as well as their respective means for adjustment, i. a. back lock nuts 17 in the preferred embodiment.
  • the means for adjustment will be described in greater detail in connection with Figs 7-10 below.
  • a ruler 16 On top of the fixed knives 10 is a ruler 16, which keeps debris and partly shredded material from accumulating in the bores 12 or at the back edges of the knives 10. The forward sharp edges 11 are free to cooperate with the knives 9 on the rotor 4.
  • the knife holders 15 are manufactured separate from the seat, and they may be easily removed or exchanged during cleaning or maintenance of the shredder 1.
  • the adjustment means include several nuts 17, 20 in order to fix the knife holder 15 in the seat 13, and keep it from longitudinal movements in both directions.
  • the knife holders 15 are arranged below the knife 10, and engage with the oval bores 12a.
  • the back lock nuts 17 are screwed onto the outer ends of the knife holders 15, and locked in their respective positions, in order to serve as a back limit for an adjustment sleeve 21 on each knife holder 15.
  • the forward lock nuts 20 are in threaded engagement with the outside of the sleeves 21.
  • each sleeve will push against a transversal surface 23 on the knife holder 15, thereby pushing the knife holder 15 and the knife 10 forward, i. e. towards the rotor 4, due to the engagement of the studs 18 (see fig 8 ) with the oval bores 12a.
  • the adjustment sleeves 21 are loosened, i. e. rotated counterclockwise, the back end surface of the sleeve 21 will press against the back lock nuts 17, which are fixed on the outer ends of the knife holders 15.
  • the knife holder 15 will be gradually pulled out and the knife will be pulled away from the rotor 4.
  • the forward lock nuts 20 will be tensioned for fixing the knife holders 15 in position relative to the seat 13.
  • the thickness of the knife 10 is sufficient for providing it with upper and lower sharp edges 11 at both its forward edge and its back edge. Hence there are four sharp edges on the knife 10.
  • the shapes and positions of the bores 12, 12a are symmetrical, thus making the knife fully turnable, so that any one of the four sharp edges may be facing forward and upwards, thus cooperating with the knives 9 on the rotor 4.
  • the sectional view shown in Fig. 8 is a section at the position of one of the knife holders 15.
  • the knife holder 15 extends along the lower surface of the knife 10.
  • the adjustment is determined, in its turn, by the position of the adjustment sleeve 21 at the outer end of the knife holder 15.
  • Fig. 9 shows the knife holder 15 on its own.
  • the transversal stud 18 is shown more clearly, as well as a flat portion 19, which is arranged to extend below the upper surface of the seat 13, with a clearance to the lower side of the knife 10.
  • Fig. 10 is an exploded view of the knife holder 15, with all its parts clearly visible.
  • the stud 18, for contact with the knife 10, is seen at the left in fig. 10 .
  • the knife holder 15 also has its flat portion 19, as described above and an outer, partly threaded portion 22.
  • the sleeve 21 is rotatably mounted onto the outer portion 22 of the knife holder 15, but it is not in a threaded engagement therewith, as only the outer end of the outer portion 22 is threaded.
  • the sleeve 21 has a portion 21a with an outer thread and a hexagonal part 21b.
  • the hexagonal part 21b is suitable for manipulation with a wrench or the like.
  • the lock nut 20 fits on the sleeve portion 21a with the outer thread, and it will fix the position of the knife holder 15 in relation to the seat 13, once the sleeve 21 has attained its desired position on the outer part 22 of the knife holder 15.
  • the back lock nuts 17 fit on the outer, threaded end of the outer part 22 of the knife holder 15. When they are locked in their position, e. g. by the use of a locking fluid, they serve as a limit of how far back the sleeve 21 may move on the outer part 22 of the knife holder 15..
  • the invention has been described in relation to a shredder 1 with knives 9 arranged at two different levels, with fixed knives 10, which have contours that are complimentary to the arrangement of the knives 9 on the rotor 4.
  • the outer contours of the fixed knives 10 may be entirely different.
  • the arrangement of the knife holders 15 and the positioning of the fixed knives 10 would be the same as described above, regardless of the outer contours of the knives 10.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Messeranordnung für eine Zerkleinerungsmaschine, wie zum Beispiel einen Schredder oder einen Granulator (1), die einen Rotor (4) enthält, wobei ein Messer (10) auf einem Sitz (13) befestigt ist und zum Zusammenwirken mit mehreren Messern (9) am Rotor (4) angeordnet ist und das feste Messer (10) mit einer allgemein planaren Erstreckungsebene planar ist, wobei das feste Messer (10) durch mindestens zwei Messerhalter (15) gehalten wird, die zum Einstellen und Positionieren des Messers (10) in seiner Erstreckungsebene angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Messerhalter (15) so angeordnet ist, dass er sich unter dem Messer (10) auf dem Sitz (13) und durch eine Rückwand erstreckt, wobei ein Queransatz (18) so angeordnet ist, dass er sich in eine Bohrung (12a) im Messer (10) erstreckt, und eine Einstellhülse (21) an jedem Messerhalter (15) angeordnet ist, wobei die Hülse (21) zum Drücken des Messers (15) zu dem Rotor (4) bei Festspannen der Einstellhülse (21) und zum Wegziehen des Messers (15) von dem Rotor (4) bei Lösen der Einstellhülse (15) angeordnet ist.
  2. Messeranordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das feste Messer (10) sowohl in seiner Erstreckungsebene als auch in einer quer zu seiner Erstreckungsebene verlaufenden Richtung durch mindestens zwei Bolzen (14), die sich durch den Sitz (13) erstrecken und mit jeweiligen Bohrungen (12) im Messer (10) zusammenwirken, auf dem Sitz (13) befestigt werden kann.
  3. Messeranordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Messer (10) mindestens eine Symmetrieebene aufweist, die das Messer (10) umwendbar macht.
  4. Zerkleinerungsmaschine, wie zum Beispiel ein Schredder oder ein Granulator (1), die die Messeranordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 enthält.
EP16166441.2A 2016-04-21 2016-04-21 Feste messeranordnung Active EP3235571B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16166441T PL3235571T3 (pl) 2016-04-21 2016-04-21 Zespół noża stałego
EP16166441.2A EP3235571B1 (de) 2016-04-21 2016-04-21 Feste messeranordnung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16166441.2A EP3235571B1 (de) 2016-04-21 2016-04-21 Feste messeranordnung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3235571A1 EP3235571A1 (de) 2017-10-25
EP3235571B1 true EP3235571B1 (de) 2018-11-28

Family

ID=55802309

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16166441.2A Active EP3235571B1 (de) 2016-04-21 2016-04-21 Feste messeranordnung

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EP (1) EP3235571B1 (de)
PL (1) PL3235571T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112156867B (zh) * 2020-09-09 2021-12-24 山东交通学院 一种具有二次切断和搅碎功能的防堵分配装置
EP4316664A1 (de) * 2022-08-05 2024-02-07 Rapid Granulator AB Granulierermühle

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2830770A (en) * 1954-03-12 1958-04-15 Luca Michael F De Granulating machine
US3897016A (en) * 1974-03-27 1975-07-29 Cumberland Eng Co Granulator with noise abatement and safety means
US5195685A (en) * 1991-10-07 1993-03-23 Mediclean Technology, Inc. Granulator for waste material
US5209278A (en) * 1992-02-27 1993-05-11 Commerical Knife,Inc. Drum chipper with knife and knife holder
US5775608A (en) * 1997-04-07 1998-07-07 Dumaine; Thomas J. Reversible granulator
DE202005013719U1 (de) * 2005-08-31 2006-03-02 Knorr, Volker Statorverstelleinrichtung
DE202007011572U1 (de) * 2007-08-17 2007-10-18 Becker, Udo Grobstoffzerkleinerer

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL3235571T3 (pl) 2019-05-31
EP3235571A1 (de) 2017-10-25

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