EP3234256B1 - Apparatus and process for the equipment of textile fabrics and textile coated with silicone - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to the field of textile equipment. It relates to a method for finishing textile fabrics with a silicone finishing layer according to the preamble of patent claim 1, as well as a device for finishing textile fabrics with a silicone finishing layer according to the preamble of patent claim 5.

It further relates to suitably finished textiles with silicone-containing finishing layer according to the preamble of patent claim 11.

STATE OF THE ART

Silicone coatings of textiles are known in the art. In these silicone coatings, a thin layer of silicone is applied to a textile fabric to make it waterproof and to increase the tear strength and Tear strength of the fabric. The silicone coating makes it possible to produce very light, thin, waterproof but tear-resistant fabrics.

A major disadvantage of the known silicone-coated textiles is that they are no longer breathable. If silicone-coated textiles are used for the production of clothing, it makes them waterproof and tear-resistant, but the low permeability to water leads to a loss of comfort when worn, since body sweat can hardly be released through the textile to the outside WO-A-03 66960 discloses a similar method and apparatus, but with a single step instead of three.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method of equipping textiles with silicone-containing finishing layers as well as correspondingly finished textile fabrics which at least greatly reduce the disadvantages of the known devices, methods and silicone-coated textiles.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a novel apparatus for equipping textiles with silicone-containing finishing layers.

It is another object of the present invention to provide new breathable fabrics having silicone-containing finish layers.

These and other objects are achieved by the features of claims 1, 5 and 11.

The inventive method for equipping textiles with silicone-containing finishing layers is characterized in that the finished or finished finishing layer is not closed but has numerous pores. These pores can be generated according to the invention in various ways.

According to a first embodiment of the production method according to the invention, the pores in the silicone coating or in the silicone-containing finishing layer are generated by impregnating the textile fabric to be finished with an aqueous solution in a first step and subsequently in a subsequent step on one side with the silicone-containing Equipment layer is provided. This is closed and continuous and only during the subsequent condensation (preferably when passing through a heated tenter) by the of The water vapor which forms the aqueous impregnation of the textile produces pores in the overlying silicone coating.

In these two-stage processes (aqueous impregnation in the first step and silicone coating in the second step), the silicone resins, which are preferably used for coating, can be applied without or with solvent.

According to a second embodiment of the production method, which is not part of the claimed teaching, the pores are generated in the silicone coating or in the silicone-containing finishing layer by applying a silicone coating to the textile fabric in a one-step process, wherein the silicone resin Composition is added a proportion of finely ground salt. The salt with an average particle size of 1 to 300 microns, preferably 10 to 30 microns and more preferably 10 microns does not dissolve in the silicone resin composition, but largely retains its original particle structure and can after drying and fixing or condensing simply with water be washed out of the coating. The salt particles create pores in the silicone-containing coating whose size and shape are determined by the washed-out salt particles. In the simplest case, ordinary saline (NaCl) crystals are used, which are ground to the desired size. However, it is also possible to use other particles which are readily soluble in water but insoluble in the silicone-containing finish composition and which can easily be washed out again after drying and condensation. The term salt is intended below to encompass all of these particles.

The method of the second embodiment is characterized in that in a first step, a silicone-containing finish composition is applied to the fabric containing a proportion of salt particles, in a further step, preferably, when passing through a heated tenter, the silicone-containing finish composition is condensed to a saline finish layer, and in a subsequent step, the salt is washed out of the finish layer and thereby pores are generated in the silicone-containing finish layer. Preferably, the salt particles, preferably NaCl, in the second embodiment have an average particle size of 1 to 300, preferably 10 to 50, more preferably 20 microns in the finish composition. Preferably, the silicone-containing finish composition in the second embodiment comprises a proportion of 10 to 60% by weight, preferably 20% by weight of salt particles.

According to a third embodiment of the production method, which is not part of the claimed teaching, the pores are generated in the silicone coating or in the silicone-containing finishing layer by applying an aqueous suspension of the silicone resins in a one-step process and subsequently heating (preferably in the tenter ) the vaporizing water in turn pores are generated in the silicone-containing coating.

The method of the third embodiment is characterized in that a silicone-containing finish composition is applied to the fabric (T) in a first step, the finishing composition comprising an aqueous suspension of silicone resins and then dried and condensed, preferably as it passes through a heated tenter wherein pores are generated in the silicone-containing finish layer by the water vapor exiting from the aqueous impregnation.

The silicone coating coating in the dry state is preferably 2-30 g / m ² .

According to the present invention, all heat-resistant (up to 1 70 ° C) textile fabrics, preferably textile fabrics, can be equipped with a silicone-containing finishing layer with pores.

A device for finishing textile fabrics having silicone-containing finish layers according to the invention comprises first means for applying a silicone-containing finish composition to a fabric and second means for drying and condensing the silicone-containing finish composition into a silicone-containing finish layer which is preferably operable by means of a controller such that pores are generated in the silicone-containing finish layer.

According to a preferred embodiment, the silicone-containing finish composition is applied by means of knife coating (preferably a Magnoroll coating machine from Zimmer), preferably with explosion protection. Explosion protection is preferred because explosive gas-air mixtures can result from volatile solvents released from the applied coatings into the ambient air. Needlepoint squeegees have proven to be a suitable type of squeegee. According to further preferred embodiments, the silicone-containing finish composition is applied by means of stencil. The application of the silicone-containing finishing composition can except with the aforementioned devices with a squeegee, air knife and carpet squeegee or by filling, in particular by pressing between two rolls or by a leak roll, rotary machine, counter roll "reverse roll", by transmission, by screen printing, by Light pressure or by spraying.

In order to ensure explosion protection, the protected facilities are each surrounded by a housing from which the air can be sucked with the explosive gas components by means of a suction system to ensure that in the respective device no explosive air / gas mixture can be ignited or explode can. The relative concentration of flammable / explosive gases is kept controlled below the relevant limit.

According to further embodiments of the device according to the invention, a device for aqueous impregnation of the textile fabric is arranged upstream of the devices for applying a silicone-containing finish composition.

The drying and the condensation to a silicone-containing finish layer is preferably carried out in the tenter, which is preferably not directly heated and explosion-proof.

According to preferred embodiments, the device for equipping textile fabrics with silicone-containing finishing layers according to the invention is provided with one or more sensors, such as a Gravimat FMI sensor from Mahlo GmbH, with whose help, for example, the overlay of silicone-containing finishing layer on the textile fabric is controlled can be.

Alternatively and / or in addition to the sensors for determining the support, it is also possible to provide sensors for measuring the air passage, with the aid of which the open area in the finishing layer can be determined based on the total area.

The device comprises according to further preferred embodiments, a control device to which the measurement data of the sensors can be transmitted. Corresponding The measurement results may be controlled by the control device, which preferably controls the abovementioned devices of the device according to the invention, for example the conveying speed of the textile fabric to be finished, the application rate of silicone-containing finishing composition, the temperature and / or the residence time during drying and condensation (preferably in the tenter).

• Sie können die Flammschutznorm nach EN ISO 11612 erfüllen (Prüfnorm EN 15025, 10s Beflammung nach Norm, Nachbrennen & Nachglimmen <2s, keine Lochbildung, kein Abtropfen) und schützen dabei den Träger vor kurzen Kontakten mit einer Flamme ebenso wie vor Konvektions- und Strahlungshitze;
• sie sind atmungsaktiv (Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit im Originalzustand nach ISO 15496 > 3000g/m²/24h, vorzugsweise > 6000g/m²/24h) wobei es vorzugsweise zu annähernd einer Verdoppelung dieser Werte nach einem Waschgang bei 40°C kommen kann;
• sie sind winddicht (0-30l/m²/s, vorzugsweise 0-3 l/m²/s Luftdurchlass nach EN ISO 9237); und
• sie sind wasserdicht (Wasserdurchtritt nach AATTCC 35 < 1g).

The textile fabrics according to the invention which comprise a porous silicone-containing finishing layer have the following advantageous properties:

• They can fulfill the flame protection standard according to EN ISO 11612 (test standard EN 15025, 10s flame treatment according to standard, afterburning & afterglow <2s, no hole formation, no dripping) and thereby protect the wearer from short contacts with a flame as well as from convection and radiant heat;
• they are breathable (water vapor permeability in the original state according to ISO 15496> 3000g / m ² / 24h, preferably> 6000g / m ² / 24h), whereby it can preferably come to approximately a doubling of these values after a wash at 40 ° C;
• they are windproof (0-30l / m ² / s, preferably 0-3 l / m ² / s air outlet according to EN ISO 9237); and
• they are waterproof (water penetration to AATTCC 35 <1g).

The silicone coatings with pores produced according to the new process make the textiles, on the one hand, as known from silicone-coated textiles, water-repellent, but also breathable for the first time, and also offer a high degree of fire protection. Due to the water vapor permeability you increase the wearing comfort considerably.

BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES

Fig. 1

eine Vorrichtung zur Ausrüstung von textilen Flächengebilden mit einer Silikon-Ausrüstungsschicht gemäss einer ersten Ausführungsform, bei der das auszurüstende textile Flächengebilde erst in einem Foulardierbad in Lösung getaucht, dann in einer explosionsgeschützten zweiten Einrichtung einseitig mit einem Spitzrakel beschichtet und anschliessend in einem ebenfalls explosionsgeschützten Spannrahmen getrocknet wird;

Fig. 2

eine Vorrichtung zur Ausrüstung von textilen Flächengebilden mit einer Silikon-Ausrüstungsschicht gemäss einer zweiten Ausführungsform, welche nicht Teil der beanspruchten Lehre ist, bei der das auszurüstende textile Flächengebilde zuerst in einer explosionsgeschützten zweiten Einrichtung einseitig mit einem Spitzrakel beschichtet, anschliessend in einem ebenfalls explosionsgeschützten Spannrahmen getrocknet und nach dem Trocknen und Kondensieren ausgewaschen und nochmals getrocknet wird; und

Fig. 3

eine Vorrichtung zur Ausrüstung von textilen Flächengebilden mit einer Silikon-Ausrüstungsschicht gemäss einer weiteren Ausführungsform, welche nicht Teil der beanspruchten Lehre ist, bei der das auszurüstende textile Flächengebilde erst in einer explosionsgeschützten Einrichtung einseitig mit einem Spitzrakel beschichtet und dann in einem explosionsgeschützten Spannrahmen getrocknet wird.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments in conjunction with the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a device for finishing textile fabrics with a silicone finishing layer according to a first embodiment, in which the fabric to be finished dipped in solution only in a Föderardierbad, then coated on one side with a spike in an explosion-proof second device and then dried in a likewise explosion-proof clamping frame becomes;

Fig. 2

a device for finishing textile fabrics with a silicone finishing layer according to a second embodiment, which is not part of the claimed teaching, wherein the textile fabric to be finished first coated in a second explosion-proof device with a spike, then dried in a likewise explosion-proof clamping frame and after drying and condensing, washed out and dried again; and

Fig. 3

a device for finishing textile fabrics with a silicone finishing layer according to another embodiment, which is not part of the claimed teaching, in which the textile fabric to be finished is only coated in one explosion-proof device on one side with a spike and then dried in an explosion-proof clamping frame.

WAYS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Fig. 1 shows a device 1 for finishing a textile fabric T, for example in the form of a fabric, with a silicone finishing layer according to a first embodiment of the invention. In the figure, it is shown in highly schematic form that the fabric to be finished is padded in a padding bath 30 with an aqueous solution or liquor and subsequently coated on one side with a spiked blade with a silicone-containing finish composition in an explosion-proof second device 10. In the FIG. 1 it is shown that the fabric T is conveyed directly to the doctor blade coating after leaving the Foulardierbads 3 and the removal of the excess liquor by two nip rolls. Preferably, the coating with the silicone-containing finish layer "wet-on-wet" before passing through a heated tenter 20 in which it is then dried and fixed. Both steps, ie padding and application of the silicone-containing finish composition, take place in one pass.

Since the silicone-containing finish compositions, as shown in more detail below, according to preferred embodiments can contain easily flammable solvents, the doctor blade coating is explosion-proof.

In the figures, the explosion protection by means of double lines of the housing of a coating system 80 and a clamping frame 81 is indicated. The explosion-proof housing 80, 81 are connected via suction lines 83 with at least one suction device not shown in the figures in communicating connection. The direction of the fluid flow during suction is indicated in the figure by means of double-lined arrows. After application of the silicone-containing coating, the fabric web T is guided into a clamping frame 20, which is preferably heated indirectly. While passing through the tenter frame 20, the water evaporates from the solution applied in the padding bath and, due to the applied vapor pressure in the topside, wet silicone-containing coating assisted by the heating in the process of condensation, produces a multiplicity of small pores Eye are imperceptible. Since the silicone-containing finishing compositions according to preferred embodiments of the invention may contain flammable solvents, the clamping frame is also explosion-proof, respectively surrounded by an explosion-proof housing, which is connected via at least one suction with an exhaust system not shown in the figure.

After drying and condensation in the clamping frame 20, the now equipped and provided with pores textile is rolled up and ready for further processing or shipping.

From the FIG. 1 It can also be seen that the tissue T can be tested before and after all relevant processing steps by means of sensors 91-94. The sensors are respectively arranged before and after the relevant equipment of the equipment device above and below the conveying path of the fabric web and measure, for example, the basis weight of the fabric web without contact and continuously with high accuracy. The measurement is based on known sensors such as the Gravimat FMI sensors from Mahlo GmbH + Co. KG, Donaustr. 12, D-93342 Saal / Donau in the usual textile area weight ranges on the attenuation of radioactive radiation through the substrate located in the measuring gap. This weakening of the intensity is a measure of the basis weight of the goods. The measured values are transmitted via cable, a bus system or wirelessly to a controller 90, which from the values before and after a processing step the Order quantities (by comparing the basis weight before and after the padder bath or before and after the doctor blade coating) or determine the degree of drying after passing through the tenter.

As shown in the figure, the controller preferably also communicates with the system parts such as padding bath 30, blade coating 10 and clamping frame 20 and can determine the process parameters such as temperatures, application rates, drip-speeds and the like on the basis of the determined mass weights in deviation from the predetermined values , adjust to achieve the desired order quantities.

Instead of or in addition to the sensors for measuring the basis weight of the fabric web, it is also possible to provide sensors which measure the air and / or water vapor permeability. Such online sensors are known for example from the company Schaltag AG in CH-8307 Effretikon for the company Testex AG. By measuring the air permeability of the fabric after drying and condensing in the tenter can be closed indirectly on the open pore surface in the silicone coating. The more permeable the fabric is, the larger is the open pore area, which allows air to pass through. The exact size and number of pores per surface can be determined offline by means of microscopic examinations, in particular in the electron microscope.

In the following, two method examples are given, which illustrate which equipment compositions preferably with a device 1 according to FIG. 1 be used.

1st example: two-stage process without combustible solvents 1. 1 Basic Composition Fleet (for Foulardierbad 30)

a) 10g / l Tubiguard BS (fluorocarbon preparation) b) 5g / l Phobol NOB (blocked isocyanate, crosslinker) c) 0.5g / l Invadin PBA (wetting agent) d) 0.5g / l Acetic acid 90% (acid for bath adjustment to approx. PH 5) e) 1l water

1.2 Composition of the silicone-containing coating (for doctor coating 10)

f) 50% by weight Textal 9118A (silicone resin component 1) G) 50% by weight Textal 9119B (silicone resin component 2)

Both silicone resins are from the company ERBA AG, CH-8037 Zurich and are two-component silicone rubber preparations.

The fabric to be finished is a 100% PA-6.6 plain weave fabric with a grammage of 140g / m ² .

In the first step, padding bath is padded with approximately 70% liquor pick-up (wet in wet coating), and then the fabric is passed through two nip rolls to remove excess liquor.

Before the tenter passage, the silicone-containing coating is applied by means of a pointed blade on one side to the still wet, padded fabric and then dried in the tenter at 170 ° C with a residence time of 1 min 30s and condensed.

Example 2: two-stage process with combustible solvent 2. 1 composition impregnation (for padding bath 30)

a) 10g / l Tubiguard BS (fluorocarbon preparation) b) 5g / l Phobol NOB (blocked isocyanate, crosslinker) c) 0.5g / l Invadin PBA (wetting agent) d) 0.5g / l Acetic acid 90% (acid for bath adjustment approx. PH 5)

2.2 Composition of the silicone- and solvent-containing coating (for doctor coating 10)

e) 60-100% by weight preferably 60% by weight of Tecoplast SBW silicone resin with TC catalyst SEW dissolved in toluene f) 0-40% by weight preferably 37.5% by weight of solvent (xylene or toluene, regulates viscosity and circulation) G) 2.5% by weight TC catalyst SEW

Tecoplast SBW is a silicone resin from Textilcolor AG, Schildstrasse 2, CH-9475 Sevelen. The TC catalyst SEW is a Methylhydrogenpolysiloxan and is also available from Textilcolor.

The fabric to be finished is a 100% PES fabric in twill weave with a basis weight of 60 g / m ² .

In a first step, approximately 70% liquor pick-up is coated in the padding bath, again removing excess liquor by means of counter-rotating squeeze rolls. In a second step, on the padded and still wet tissue on one side a silicone and solvent-containing finishing composition (wet-on-wet) gem. 2.2 applied by means of needlepoint. The mixture is then dried in the tenter at 170 ° C with a residence time of 1min 30s and condensed.

According to a further embodiment which is not part of the claimed teaching, in a so-called "sintering" process the pores in the silicone coating are produced on the fabric with the aid of washable particles, preferably salts.

In the FIG. 2 a corresponding device 2 is shown, which was developed for producing such a porous silicone coating.

The fabric T to be finished is, as in the FIG. 2 is shown in a highly schematic manner, coated in a first step in an explosion-proof device 10 on one side with a spiked blade with a silicone-containing finish composition. As already described for the previous examples, the doctor blade coating is explosion-proof. The explosion protection is again indicated by means of double lines of the housing of the coating system 80 and the clamping frame 81. The explosion-proof housing 80, 81 are connected via suction lines 83 with at least one suction device not shown in the figures in communicating connection. The direction of the fluid flow during suction is indicated in the figure by means of double-lined arrows.

After application of the silicone-containing coating with the salt particles, the fabric web T is guided into a clamping frame 20, which is preferably heated indirectly. While passing through the clamping frame 20 condenses the silicone-containing coating in which the salt particles are. Since the silicone-containing finishing compositions according to preferred embodiments of the invention may contain flammable solvents, and the clamping frame is explosion-proof, respectively surrounded by an explosion-proof housing, the at least one suction with a suction unit not shown in the figure is connected. Clamping frames which are explosion-proof can be obtained, for example, from the company Monforts Textilmaschinen GmbH & Co. KG, Blumenberger Strasse 143-145, D-41061 Mönchengladbach.

After drying and condensing in the tenter frame 20, the finished fabric is washed in a wide-area washer 40 to wash out the water-soluble salt particles from the silicone-containing coating and thereby to produce the pores in the coating.

Subsequently, the now finished and provided with a porous silicone coating textile is dried in a drying 41 and then rolled up and is ready for further processing or shipping.

From the FIG. 2 again it can be seen that the tissue T can be tested before and after all relevant processing steps by means of sensors 91, 93, 94 and 95. In deviation from the already for the device according to FIG. 1 said, it has proved to be advantageous in carrying out the "sintering" method to measure the air permeability after passing through the wide-area washer 40 and the drying 41 by means of sensor 95.

As shown in the figure, the controller 90 is in turn connected to the sensors and equipment parts such as doctor blade coating 10, clamping frame 20, wide washer 40 and drying 41 and can on the basis of the determined mass weights in deviation from the predetermined values, the process parameters such as temperatures, order quantities , Throughput speeds and the like adapt to the desired To achieve order quantities. In case of deviations from the desired value of the air permeability, the amount of salt or the size distribution of the salt particles used can be adjusted.

In the following, a method example is given, which illustrates which equipment compositions preferably with a device 1 according to FIG. 1 be used.

3rd example: "sintering" method 3.1 Composition of the silicone and saline coating (for doctor coating 10)

a) 20-45% by weight preferably 40% by weight Textal 9118A b) 20-45% by weight preferably 40% by weight Textal 9118B c) 10-60% by weight preferably 20% by weight of NaCl (particle size 10 μm)

The fabric to be finished is a 100% plain linen PES / CO fabric with a basis weight of 100g / m ² .

Before the tenter frame passage, the silicone and saline finish composition is applied on one side of the fabric by means of a pointed wiper and then dried and condensed in the tenter at a temperature of 130-170 ° C (rising) with a residence time of about 2min 30s.

After the tenter passage, the finished fabric is washed out on a wide-area washer 40 to remove the salt particles from the silicone coating, thereby opening the pores in the coating.

According to a further embodiment which is not part of the claimed teaching, a pore-coated silicone coating is produced on a textile fabric in a so-called single-stage process.

In the FIG. 3 a corresponding device 3 is shown, which was developed for producing such a porous silicone coating.

The fabric to be finished is as shown in FIG FIG. 3 is shown schematically in a first step in an explosion-proof blade coater 31 with a spiked blade coated with a silicone-containing finishing composition in the form of an aqueous silicone resin suspension.

After coating with the silicone-containing finish composition, the fabric web T is guided into the tenter frame 20, which is preferably heated indirectly. While passing through the tenter 20, the water evaporates from the applied suspension and creates a multiplicity of small pores due to the vapor pressure in the applied silicone-containing coating, which is assisted by the heating in the process of condensation.

As already described for the previous examples, the coating is explosion-proof. The explosion protection is again indicated by means of double lines of the housing of the coating system 80 and the clamping frame 81. The explosion-proof housing 80, 81 are connected via suction lines 83 with at least one suction device not shown in the figures in communicating connection. The direction of the fluid flow during suction is indicated in the figure by means of double-lined arrows.

From the FIG. 3 again it can be seen that the tissue T can be tested before and after all relevant processing steps by means of sensors 91, 92 and 95. As shown in the figure and already explained above, the controller 90 is not only connected to the sensors, but preferably also to the system parts such as coating device 10 and / or clamping frame 20 in combination. As a result, on the basis of the determined mass weights and / or air permeabilities, deviations from the predefined values can be used to determine the process parameters such as, for example, temperatures, application quantities, throughput speeds and the like. adjust to achieve the desired product properties

4. Example recipe for one-step process as a suspension 4.1 Composition Impregnation (suspension for coating)

a) 30% by weight Textal 9118A (silicone resin component 1) b) 30% by weight Textal 9119B (silicone resin component 2) c) 40% by weight water

The silicone resins used correspond to those of Example 1.

According to further preferred embodiments, the amount of water can be varied between 5 and 80% by weight, depending on the requirement, wherein the two resin components are preferably present in equal proportions.

The suspension for the knife coating is homogenized in the high-pressure homogenizer in water for 10 min to a homogeneous mass. The average particle size is 2 to 40 μm, preferably 20 μm.

The fabric to be finished is a 100% PA-6.6 plain weave (Cordura) plain weave with a basis weight of 170g / m ² .

Before the clamping frame passage, the aqueous silicone resin suspension is coated by means of a doctor blade (wet-on-wet), and then the fabric is dried in the tenter at 130-170 ° C. (rising) with a residence time of about 2 minutes 30 seconds and the coating is condensed, the Pores are generated.

In general, it can be said that the speed with which the fabric web is guided through the tenter frame is dependent on the tenter frame length.

List of reference numbers

1,2,3

Devices for

T

textile fabric

10

coater

11

Spitz squeegee

20

tenter

30

Foulardierbad

40

Wide washers

41

desiccation

50

extraction

60

completion

70

rewind

80

Explosion-proof housing of the coating plant

81

Explosion-proof housing of the clamping frame

83

suction

90

control

91-95

sensors

Claims (11)

1. Method of finishing textile fabrics with at least one silicone-containing finishing layer, characterized in that the textile fabric to be finished is impregnated in a first step with an aqueous solution and, in a subsequent step, in the still-wet state, is provided on one side with the silicone-containing finishing layer, which is condensed in a further step, preferably while running through a heated tenter frame, wherein the water vapour that exits from the aqueous impregnation generates pores in the silicone-containing finishing layer above it and the finished silicone coating on the textile fabric is not closed but has a multitude of pores.
2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the silicone-containing finishing composition comprises silicone resins that are applied without or with solvent.
3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the silicone-containing finishing layer is produced by applying a silicone-containing finishing composition to the textile fabric, preferably with a coating bar, more preferably with a doctor blade, or with a stencil.
4. Method according to any of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the silicone-containing finishing composition comprises silicone resins and up to 50% by weight, preferably 40% by weight, of a solvent, more preferably xylene or toluene.
5. Apparatus for finishing a textile fabric (T) with a silicone-containing finishing layer by a method of Claims 1 to 4, comprising a device for applying a silicone-containing finishing composition to a textile fabric (T), a device upstream of said device for impregnating (30) the textile fabric (T), preferably a padding bath (30), and further devices for condensing the silicone-containing finishing composition to give a silicone-containing finishing layer, which is preferably operable by means of a control system (90) in such a way that pores are generated in the silicone-containing finishing layer.
6. Apparatus according to Claim 5, characterized in that the device for applying a silicone-containing finishing composition to a textile fabric (T) is a bar coating device, preferably with a doctor blade or a stencil coating device.
7. Apparatus according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the device for applying the silicone-containing finishing composition (10, 30) to a textile fabric (T) and/or the second device for condensing the silicone-containing finishing composition to a silicone-containing finishing layer (20) are explosion-protected (31, 80, 81).
8. Apparatus according to any of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that an open-width washing machine (40) is disposed downstream of the second device for condensing (20), preferably a tenter frame.
9. Apparatus according to any of Claims 5 to 8, characterized in that it comprises one or more sensors for determining the basis weight of the textile fabric and the coating of silicone-containing finishing layer thereon and/or determining vapour permeability and/or gas permeability.
10. Apparatus according to Claim 9, characterized in that it comprises a control system (90) connected to the sensors (91-95), and measurements provided by the sensors (91-95) are used to control the devices for applying the finishing composition and for drying and condensing in such a way that a preset size and number of pores generated in the finishing layer are achieved per unit area.
11. Textiles having a silicone-containing finishing layer produced by a method according to any of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the silicone-containing finishing layer has a multitude of pores.

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