CH710552A2 - Apparatus and process for finishing textile fabrics and silicone-coated textile. - Google Patents

Abstract

A device and a method for equipping textiles with silicone-containing finishing layers are proposed, which are characterized in that the finished finishing layers are not closed but have numerous pores. These pores can be generated according to the invention in various ways and make the new textiles on the one hand - as known from silicone-coated textiles - water-repellent, but for the first time also breathable and permeable to water vapor. Breathability and water vapor permeability make the new textiles highly comfortable to wear. In addition, the new textiles protect the wearer from brief contact with a flame as well as from convection and radiant heat.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to the field of textile equipment. It relates to a method for finishing textile fabrics with a silicone finishing layer according to the preamble of patent claim 1, and to a device for finishing textile fabrics with a silicone finishing layer according to the preamble of patent claim 10.

It further relates to suitably finished textiles with silicone-containing finish layer according to the preamble of claim 17.

STATE OF THE ART

Silicone coatings of textiles are known from the prior art. In these silicone coatings, a thin layer of silicone is applied to a textile fabric to make it waterproof and to increase the tensile strength and tear strength of the fabric. The silicone coating makes it possible to produce very light, thin, waterproof but tear-resistant fabrics.

A major disadvantage of the known silicone-coated textiles is that they are no longer breathable. If silicone-coated textiles are used for the production of clothing, it makes them waterproof and tear-resistant, but the low permeability to water leads to a loss of comfort when worn, since body sweat can hardly be released through the textile to the outside.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for equipping textiles with silicone-containing finishing layers as well as correspondingly finished textile fabrics which at least greatly reduce the disadvantages of the known devices, methods and silicone-coated textiles.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a novel apparatus for equipping textiles with silicone-containing finishing layers.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide new breathable fabrics with silicone-containing finish layers.

These and other objects are achieved by features of claims 1, 10 and 17.

The inventive method for equipping textiles with silicone-containing finishing layers is characterized in that the prepared or finished finishing layer is not closed but has numerous pores. These pores can be generated according to the invention in various ways.

According to a first embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention, the pores in the silicone coating, respectively in the silicone-containing finishing layer are generated by impregnating the textile fabric to be finished in a first step with an aqueous solution and then in a subsequent step on one side is provided with the silicone-containing finishing layer. This is closed and continuous and only during the subsequent condensation (preferably when passing through a heated tenter) are generated by the emerging from the aqueous impregnation of the textile water vapor pores in the overlying silicone coating.

In these two-step process (aqueous impregnation in the first step and silicone coating in the second step), the silicone resins, which are preferably used for coating, be applied without or with solvent.

According to a second embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention, the pores in the silicone coating, respectively in the silicone-containing finishing layer are generated by applying a silicone coating to the textile fabric in a one-step process, wherein the silicone resin composition is a fraction is added to finely ground salt. The salt with an average particle size of 1 to 300 microns, preferably 10 to 30 microns and more preferably 10 microns does not dissolve in the silicone resin composition, but largely retains its original particle structure and can after drying and fixing or condensing simply with water be washed out of the coating. The salt particles create pores in the silicone-containing coating whose size and shape are determined by the washed-out salt particles. In the simplest case, common saline (NaCl) crystals are used, which are ground to the desired size. However, it is also possible to use other particles which are readily soluble in water but insoluble in the silicone-containing finish composition and which can easily be washed out again after drying and condensation. The term salt is intended below to encompass all of these particles.

According to a third embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention, the pores in the silicone coating, respectively in the silicone-containing finishing layer generated in that in a one-step process, an aqueous suspension of the silicone resins is applied and then during heating (preferably in the tenter) the vaporizing Water in turn pores are generated in the silicone-containing coating.

The silicone coating coating is in the dry state preferably 2-30g / m <2>.

According to the present invention, all heat-resistant (up to 170 ° C) textile fabrics, preferably textile fabrics, can be equipped with a silicone-containing finishing layer with pores.

An apparatus for finishing textile fabrics having silicone-containing finish layers according to the invention comprises first means for applying a silicone-containing finish composition to a fabric and second means for drying and condensing the silicone-containing finish composition into a silicone-containing finish layer, preferably operable by a controller is that pores are generated in the silicone-containing finish layer.

The silicone-containing finishing composition is applied according to a preferred embodiment by knife coating (preferably a coating system of the type Magnoroll company Zimmer) preferably explosion-proof. Explosion protection is preferred because explosive gas-air mixtures can result from volatile solvents released from the applied coatings into the ambient air. Needlepoint squeegees have proven to be a suitable type of squeegee. According to further preferred embodiments, the silicone-containing finish composition is applied by means of stencil. The application of the silicone-containing finishing composition can except with the aforementioned devices with a squeegee, air knife and carpet squeegee or by filling, in particular by pressing between two rolls or by a leak roll, rotary machine, counter roll "reverse roll", by transmission, by screen printing, by Light pressure or by spraying.

To ensure explosion protection, the protected facilities are each surrounded by a housing from which the air can be sucked by means of a suction with the explosive gas fractions to ensure that in the respective device no explosive air / gas mixture can arise ignite or explode. The relative concentration of flammable / explosive gases is kept controlled below the relevant limit.

According to further embodiments of the device according to the invention, a device for aqueous impregnation of the textile fabric is arranged upstream of the means for applying a silicone-containing finish composition.

The drying and condensing to a silicone-containing finish layer is preferably carried out in the tenter, which is preferably not directly heated and explosion-proof.

According to preferred embodiments, the device for equipping textile fabrics with silicone-containing finishing layers according to the invention with one or more sensors, such as a Gravimat FMI sensor Mahlo GmbH provided, with their help, for example, the support of silicone-containing finishing layer on the textile fabrics can be controlled.

Alternatively and / or in addition to the sensors for determining the support and sensors for air passage measurement can be provided by means of which the open area in the finishing layer based on the total area can be determined.

The device comprises according to further preferred embodiments, a control device to which the measurement data of the sensors can be transmitted. According to the measurement results, the control device, which preferably controls the abovementioned devices of the device according to the invention, can control, for example, the conveying speed of the textile fabric to be finished, the application rate of silicone-containing finishing composition, the temperature and / or the residence time during drying and condensation (preferably in the tenter) ,

The textile fabrics of the invention which comprise a porous silicone-containing finishing layer have the following advantageous properties: They can fulfill the flame protection standard according to EN ISO 11612 (test standard EN 15025, 10 s flame treatment according to standard, afterburning & afterglow <2 s, no hole formation, no dripping) and thereby protect the wearer from short contacts with a flame as well as before convection and radiant heat; they are breathable (water vapor permeability in the original state according to ISO 15496> 3000 g / m <2> / 24 h, preferably> 6000 g / m <2> / 24 h), preferably to approximately doubling these values after a wash cycle at 40 ° C can come; they are windproof (0-30 l / m <2> / s, preferably 0-3 l / m <2> / s air flow according to EN ISO 9237); and they are waterproof (water penetration to AATTCC 35 <1 g).

The silicone coatings with pores produced according to the new method make the textiles on the one hand - as known from silicone-coated textiles - water-repellent, but for the first time also breathable and also offer a high fire protection. Due to the water vapor permeability you increase the wearing comfort considerably.

BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments in conjunction with the drawings. Show it: <Tb> FIG. 1 <SEP> a device for finishing textile fabrics with a silicone finishing layer according to a first embodiment, in which the textile fabric to be finished is first dipped in solution in a padding bath, then coated on one side with a spike in an explosion-proof second device, and then in one also explosion-proof clamping frame is dried; <Tb> FIG. 2 <SEP> a device for finishing textile fabrics with a silicone finishing layer according to a second embodiment, in which the fabric to be finished first coated in a second explosion-proof device with a spiked blade, then dried in a likewise explosion-proof clamping frame and after drying and condensing washed out and dried again; and <Tb> FIG. 3 <SEP> a device for finishing textile fabrics with a silicone finishing layer according to a further embodiment, in which the textile fabric to be finished is only coated on one side with a spike in an explosion-proof device and then dried in an explosion-proof clamping frame.

WAYS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Fig. 1 shows an apparatus 1 for finishing a textile fabric T, for example in the form of a fabric, with a silicone finishing layer according to a first embodiment of the invention. In the figure, it is shown in highly schematic form that the fabric to be finished is padded in a padding bath 30 with an aqueous solution or liquor and subsequently coated on one side with a spiked blade with a silicone-containing finish composition in an explosion-proof second device 10. In Fig. 1 it is shown that the tissue T is conveyed directly to the doctor blade coating after leaving the Foulardierbads 3 and the removal of the excess liquor by two nip rolls. Preferably, the coating with the silicone-containing finishing layer "wet-on-wet" before passing through a heated tenter 20 in which it is then dried and fixed. Both steps, ie padding and application of the silicone-containing finish composition, take place in one pass.

Since the silicone-containing finish compositions, as shown in more detail below, according to preferred embodiments may contain easily flammable solvents, the blade coating is explosion-proof.

In the figures, the explosion protection by means of double lines of the housing of a coating system 80 and a clamping frame 81 is indicated. The explosion-proof housing 80, 81 are connected via suction lines 83 with at least one suction device not shown in the figures in communicating connection. The direction of the fluid flow during suction is indicated in the figure by means of double-lined arrows.

After application of the silicone-containing coating, the fabric web T is guided in a clamping frame 20 which is preferably heated indirectly. While passing through the tenter frame 20, the water evaporates from the solution applied in the padding bath and, due to the applied vapor pressure in the topside, wet silicone-containing coating assisted by the heating in the process of condensation, produces a multiplicity of small pores Eye are imperceptible. Since the silicone-containing finishing compositions according to preferred embodiments of the invention may contain flammable solvents, the clamping frame is also explosion-proof, respectively surrounded by an explosion-proof housing, which is connected via at least one suction with an exhaust system not shown in the figure.

After drying and condensing in the clamping frame 20, the now equipped and provided with pores textile is rolled up and ready for further processing or shipping.

It can also be seen from FIG. 1 that the tissue T can be tested before and after all relevant processing steps by means of sensors 91-94. The sensors are respectively arranged before and after the relevant equipment of the equipment device above and below the conveying path of the fabric web and measure, for example, the basis weight of the fabric web without contact and continuously with high accuracy. The measurement is based on known sensors such as the Gravimat FMI sensors from Mahlo GmbH + Co. KG, Donaustr. 12, D-93342 Saal / Donau in the usual textile area weight ranges on the attenuation of radioactive radiation through the substrate located in the measuring gap. This weakening of the intensity is a measure of the basis weight of the goods. The measured values are transmitted via cable, a bus system or wirelessly to a controller 90 which, from the values before and after a processing step, the application quantities (by comparing the basis weight before and after the padder bath or before and after the doctor coating) or the degree of drying after passing through the Can determine tenter frame.

As shown in the figure, the controller is preferably also with the plant parts such as padder 30, blade coating 10 and clamping frame 20 in conjunction and can on the basis of the determined mass weights in deviation from the predetermined values, the process parameters such as temperatures, order quantities, throughput speeds etc. adjust to achieve the desired order quantities.

Instead of or in addition to the sensors for measuring the basis weight of the fabric web, it is also possible to provide sensors which measure the air and / or water vapor permeability. Such online sensors are known for example from the company Schaltag AG in CH-8307 Effretikon for the company Testex AG. By measuring the air permeability of the fabric after drying and condensing in the tenter can be closed indirectly on the open pore surface in the silicone coating. The more permeable the fabric is, the larger is the open pore area, which allows air to pass through. The exact size and number of pores per surface can be determined offline by means of microscopic examinations, in particular in the electron microscope.

In the following, two process examples are given, which illustrate which equipment compositions are preferably used with a device 1 according to FIG. 1.

1st example: two-stage process without combustible solvents

1.1 Basic Composition Fleet (for Foulardierbad 30)

[0036] <tb> a) <SEP> 10 g / l <SEP> of Tubiguard BS (fluorocarbon preparation) <tb> b) <SEP> 5 g / l <SEP> Phobol NOB (blocked isocyanate, crosslinker) <tb> c) <SEP> 0.5 g / l <SEP> Invadin PBA (wetting agent) <tb> d) <SEP> 0.5 g / l <SEP> acetic acid 90% (acid for bath adjustment to about pH 5) <tb> e) <SEP> 1 l <SEP> water

1.2 Composition of the silicone-containing coating (for doctor coating 10)

[0037] <tb> f) <SEP> 50% by weight <SEP> Textal 9118A (silicone resin component 1) <tb> g) <SEP> 50% by weight <SEP> Textal 9119B (silicone resin component 2) <tb> Both silicone resins are from ERBA AG, CH-8037 Zurich and are two-component silicone rubber formulations.

The fabric to be finished is a 100% PA-6.6 plain weave fabric having a basis weight of 140 g / m 2.

In the first step Foulardierbad is padded with about 70% liquor pickup (wet in wet coating), and then the tissue is passed through two nip rolls to remove excess liquor.

Before the tenter passage, the silicone-containing coating is applied by means of needlepoint blade on one side on the still wet, padded fabric and then dried in the tenter at 170 ° C with a residence time of 1 min 30 s and condensed.

Example 2: two-stage process with combustible solvent

2.1 Composition Impregnation (for padding bath 30)

[0041] <tb> a) <SEP> 10 g / l <SEP> of Tubiguard BS (fluorocarbon preparation) <tb> b) <SEP> 5 g / l <SEP> Phobol NOB (blocked isocyanate, crosslinker) <tb> c) <SEP> 0.5 g / l <SEP> Invadin PBA (wetting agent) <tb> d) <SEP> 0.5 g / l <SEP> acetic acid 90% (acid for bath adjustment about pH 5)

2.2 Composition of the silicone- and solvent-containing coating (for doctor coating 10)

[0042] <tb> e) <60> 100% by weight <SEP> preferably 60% by weight of Tecoplast SBW silicone resin with TC catalyst SEW dissolved in toluene <tb> f) <SEP> 0-40% by weight <SEP> preferably 37.5% by weight of solvent (xylene or toluene, regulates viscosity and circulation) <tb> g) <SEP> 2.5 wt% <SEP> TC Catalyst SEW

Tecoplast SBW is a silicone resin from Textilcolor AG, Schildstrasse 2, CH-9475 Sevelen. The TC catalyst SEW is a Methylhydrogenpolysiloxan and is also available from Textilcolor.

The fabric to be finished is a 100% PES fabric in twill weave with a basis weight of 60 g / m <2>.

In a first step is coated in Foulardierbad with about 70% liquor pickup, again superfluous liquor is removed by means of opposite squeezing rollers. In a second step, on the padded and still wet tissue on one side a silicone and solvent-containing finishing composition (wet-on-wet) gem. 2.2 applied by means of needlepoint. The mixture is then dried in the tenter at 170 ° C with a residence time of 1 min 30 s and condensed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, in a so-called "sintering" method, the pores in the silicone coating are produced on the fabric with the aid of washable particles, preferably salts.

FIG. 2 shows a corresponding apparatus 2 according to the invention, which was developed for producing such a porous silicone coating.

The fabric to be finished T is, as shown in FIG. 2 is highly schematic, coated in a first step in an explosion-proof device 10 on one side with a needle blade with a silicone-containing finish composition. As already described for the previous examples, the doctor blade coating is explosion-proof. The explosion protection is again indicated by means of double lines of the housing of the coating system 80 and the clamping frame 81. The explosion-proof housing 80, 81 are connected via suction lines 83 with at least one suction device not shown in the figures in communicating connection. The direction of the fluid flow during suction is indicated in the figure by means of double-lined arrows.

After application of the silicone-containing coating with the salt particles, the fabric web T is guided in a clamping frame 20 which is preferably heated indirectly. While passing through the clamping frame 20 condenses the silicone-containing coating in which the salt particles are. Since the silicone-containing finishing compositions according to preferred embodiments of the invention may contain flammable solvents, the clamping frame is also explosion-proof, respectively surrounded by an explosion-proof housing, which is connected via at least one suction with an exhaust system not shown in the figure. Clamping frames which are explosion-proof can be obtained, for example, from the company Monforts Textilmaschinen GmbH & Co. KG, Blumenberger Strasse 143-145, D-41061 Moenchengladbach.

After drying and condensing in the tenter frame 20, the finished fabric is washed in a wide-area washer 40 to wash out the water-soluble salt particles from the silicone-containing coating and thereby to produce the pores in the coating.

Subsequently, the now finished and provided with a porous silicone coating textile is dried in a drying 41 and subsequently rolled up and is ready for further processing or shipping.

From Fig. 2 it can be seen again that the tissue T before and after all relevant processing steps by means of sensors 91, 93, 94 and 95 can be tested. In a departure from what has already been said for the device according to FIG. 1, it has proven to be advantageous, when carrying out the "sintering" process, to measure the air permeability after passing through the wide-area washer 40 and the drying 41 by means of sensor 95.

As shown in the figure, the controller 90 in turn with the sensors and equipment parts such as blade coating 10, clamping frame 20, wide washer 40 and drying 41 in conjunction and can on the basis of the determined mass weights in deviation from the predetermined values, the process parameters such as Temperatures, order quantities, throughput speeds and the like adjust to achieve the desired order quantities. In case of deviations from the desired value of the air permeability, the amount of salt or the size distribution of the salt particles used can be adjusted.

In the following, a method example is given, which illustrates which equipment compositions are preferably used with a device 1 according to FIG.

3rd example: "sintering" method

3.1 Composition of the silicone and saline coating (for doctor coating 10)

[0055] <tb> a) <SEP> 20-45% by weight <SEP> preferably 40% by weight Textal 9118A b) <SEP> 20-45% by weight <SEP> preferably 40% by weight Textal 9118B <tb> c) <SEP> 10-60% by weight <SEP> preferably 20% by weight NaCl (particle size 10 μm) <tb> The fabric to be finished is a 100% plain linen PES / CO fabric with a basis weight of 100 g / m <2>.

Before the tenter passage, the silicone and salzhaltige equipment composition is applied by means of needlepoint blade on one side of the fabric and then in the tenter at a temperature of 130-170 ° C (rising) with a residence time of about 2 min dried and condensed for 30 seconds.

After the tenter passage, the finished fabric is washed out on a wide-area washer 40 to remove the salt particles from the silicone coating and thus open the pores in the coating.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a pore-coated silicone coating is produced on a textile fabric in a so-called single-stage process.

FIG. 3 shows a corresponding device 3 according to the invention, which was developed for producing such a porous silicone coating.

The fabric T to be finished, as shown in a highly schematic manner in FIG. 3, is coated in a first step in an explosion-proof doctor blade coating device 31 with a spiked blade with a silicone-containing finish composition in the form of an aqueous silicone resin suspension.

After coating with the silicone-containing finish composition, the fabric web T is guided into the tenter frame 20, which is preferably heated indirectly. While passing through the tenter 20, the water evaporates from the applied suspension and creates a multiplicity of small pores due to the vapor pressure in the applied silicone-containing coating, which is assisted by the heating in the process of condensation.

As already described for the previous examples, the coating is explosion-proof. The explosion protection is again indicated by means of double lines of the housing of the coating system 80 and the clamping frame 81. The explosion-proof housing 80, 81 are connected via suction lines 83 with at least one suction device not shown in the figures in communicating connection. The direction of the fluid flow during suction is indicated in the figure by means of double-lined arrows. '

From Fig. 3 it is again apparent that the tissue T before and after all relevant processing steps by means of sensors 91, 92 and 95 can be tested. As shown in the figure and already explained above, the controller 90 is not only connected to the sensors, but preferably also to the system parts such as coating device 10 and / or clamping frame 20 in combination. As a result, on the basis of the determined mass weights and / or air permeabilities, deviations from the predefined values can be used to determine the process parameters such as, for example, temperatures, application quantities, throughput speeds and the like. adjust to achieve the desired product properties.

4. Example recipe for one-step process as a suspension

4.1 Composition Impregnation (suspension for coating)

[0064] <tb> a) <SEP> 30% by weight <SEP> Textal 9118A (silicone resin component 1) <tb> b) <SEP> 30% by weight <SEP> Textal 9119B (silicone resin component 2) <tb> c) <SEP> 40% by weight <SEP> of water <tb> The silicone resins used correspond to those of Example 1.

According to further preferred embodiments, the amount of water can be varied between 5 and 80 wt .-%, depending on the requirement, wherein the two resin components are preferably present in equal proportions.

The suspension for the blade coating is homogenized in the high pressure homogenizer in water for 10 min to a homogeneous mass. The average particle size is 2 to 40 μm, preferably 20 μm.

The fabric to be finished is a plain weave 100% PA-6.6 plain weave (Cordura) fabric having a basis weight of 170 g / m 2.

Before the tenter passage is coated by means of a doctor blade with the aqueous silicone resin suspension (wet-on-wet), and then the fabric in the tenter at 130-170 ° C (rising) with a residence time of about 2 min 30 s dried and the Coating condenses, whereby the pores are generated.

In general, it can be said that the speed with which the fabric web is guided through the tenter frame is dependent on the tenter frame length.

List of reference numbers

[0070] <tb> 1, 2, 3 <SEP> Devices for <tb> T <SEP> textile fabrics <Tb> 10 <September> coater <Tb> 11 <September> Spitz squeegee <Tb> 20 <September> stretcher <Tb> 30 <September> Foulardierbad <Tb> 40 <September> Wide wash <Tb> 41 <September> drying <Tb> 50 <September> extraction <Tb> 60 <September> settlement <Tb> 70 <September> winding <tb> 80 <SEP> explosion-proof enclosure of the coating plant <tb> 81 <SEP> explosion-proof housing of the clamping frame <Tb> 83 <September> suction <Tb> 90 <September> Control <Tb> 91-95 <September> Sensors

Claims (18)

1. A method for equipping textile fabrics with at least one silicone-containing finish layer, characterized in that the finished silicone coating on the fabric is not closed, but has a plurality of pores. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the textile fabric (T) to be finished is impregnated in a first step with an aqueous solution and provided in a subsequent step in the still wet state on one side with the silicone-containing finishing layer, in a further Step, preferably when passing through a heated tenter, is condensed, wherein generated by the water vapor emerging from the aqueous impregnation pores in the overlying silicone-containing finishing layer. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the silicone-containing finish composition comprises silicone resins, which are applied without or with solvent. 4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that for the preparation of the silicone-containing finishing layer, a silicone-containing finishing composition is applied to the fabric, preferably with a doctor blade, more preferably with a needlepoint blade, or with a template. 5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the silicone-containing finishing composition silicone resins and up to 50 wt .-%, preferably 40 wt .-% of a solvent, particularly preferably xylene or toluene comprises. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in a first step, a silicone-containing finish composition is applied to the fabric containing a proportion of salt particles, in a further step, preferably when passing through a heated tenter, the silicone-containing finish composition a salt-containing finish layer is condensed, and in a subsequent step the salt is washed out of the finish layer and thereby pores are generated in the silicone-containing finish layer. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the salt particles, preferably NaCl, having an average particle size of 1 to 300, preferably 10 to 50, particularly preferably 20 microns in the finishing composition is present. 8. The process according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the silicone-containing finish composition comprises a proportion of 10 to 60 wt .-%, preferably 20 wt .-% of salt particles. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in a first step, a silicone-containing finish composition on the fabric (T) is applied, wherein the finishing composition comprises an aqueous suspension of silicone resins and then, preferably when passing through a heated tenter, dried and is condensed, wherein generated by the water vapor emerging from the aqueous impregnation pores in the silicone-containing finishing layer. Apparatus (1, 2, 3) for finishing a textile fabric (T) comprising a silicone-containing finish according to a method of claims 1 to 9, comprising means for applying a silicone-containing finish to a fabric (T) and other means for Condensing the silicone-containing finish composition into a silicone-containing finish layer that is preferably operable by a controller (90) to generate pores in the silicone-containing finish layer. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the means for applying a silicone-containing finish composition to a fabric (T) is a knife coating device, preferably with a spiked blade or a stencil coating device. A device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the means for applying the silicone-containing finish composition (10, 30) to a fabric (T) and / or the second means for condensing the silicone-containing finish composition into a silicone-containing finish layer (20). explosion-proof (31, 80, 81). 13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that downstream of the second means for condensing (20), preferably a clamping frame, a wide-area washer (40) is arranged. 14. Device according to one of the preceding claims 10 to 12, characterized in that upstream of the device (10) for applying a silicone-containing finish composition to a textile fabric (T) means for impregnating (30) of the textile fabric (T), preferably one Foulardierbad (30) is arranged. 15. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises one or more sensors for determining the basis weight of the and the support of silicone-containing finishing layer on the textile fabric and / or for determining the vapor and / or gas permeability thereof. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that it comprises a controller (90) connected to the sensors (91-95) and, by means of measurements provided by the sensors (91-95), the means for applying the equipment composition and for drying and condensing, so as to achieve a preset size and number of generated pores in the finishing layer per area. 17. textiles with silicone-containing finishing layer, characterized in that the silicone-containing finishing layer has a plurality of pores. 18. Textile fabrics with silicone-containing finishing layer according to claim 17, characterized in that they are breathable and / or waterproof and / or windproof and / or protect the wearer from short contacts with a flame as well as from convection and radiant heat.