EP3234190A2 - Marqueurs diagnostiques de la maladie de crohn - Google Patents
Marqueurs diagnostiques de la maladie de crohnInfo
- Publication number
- EP3234190A2 EP3234190A2 EP15823664.6A EP15823664A EP3234190A2 EP 3234190 A2 EP3234190 A2 EP 3234190A2 EP 15823664 A EP15823664 A EP 15823664A EP 3234190 A2 EP3234190 A2 EP 3234190A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- disease
- seq
- crohn
- subject
- sample
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/04—Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6893—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids related to diseases not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/06—Gastro-intestinal diseases
- G01N2800/065—Bowel diseases, e.g. Crohn, ulcerative colitis, IBS
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/52—Predicting or monitoring the response to treatment, e.g. for selection of therapy based on assay results in personalised medicine; Prognosis
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of medicine and relates more particularly to the diagnosis of Crohn's disease. It identifies for the first time specific markers of Crohn's disease in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) as well as specific compounds for their detection.
- IBD Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
- the invention also relates to methods for detecting, diagnosing and monitoring the course of Crohn's disease as well as methods for evaluating the efficacy of a treatment directed against this disease, and diagnostic compositions and kits. usable for the implementation of these methods.
- IBD Inflammatory bowel disease
- Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis two diseases that are characterized by inflammation of the lining of part of the digestive tract associated with systemic hyperactivity. digestive immune system.
- Crohn's disease is a IBD that can reach any segment of the digestive tract, from the mouth to the anus. This pathology can affect the intestine, and more particularly the terminal ileum (ileitis) and the right colon (colitis), and can be accompanied by extra-intestinal manifestations (articular, cutaneous, ocular, etc.). All layers of the intestinal wall, from the mucosa to the serosa, can then be reached. Crohn's disease can occur at any age in life, including in young children, with however the highest incidence in the second or third decade of life, and a trend towards more sex patients feminine. Crohn's disease will evolve throughout life with inflammatory attacks whose frequency, intensity and duration are unpredictable and highly variable from one patient to another.
- Crohn's disease affects the quality of life, calls for personalized treatments that are both restrictive and expensive but unfortunately never curative and often associated with adverse effects that contribute to the deterioration of the quality of life.
- Periods of hospitalization can be frequent and nearly 80% of patients will one day resort to surgery. Only less than 5% of them will be free of endoscopic lesions ten years after the operation (Peyrin-Biroulet et al, 2010).
- the relative risk of colorectal and small intestine cancers as well as the age-adjusted risk of death are significantly increased in Crohn's disease-affected subjects.
- the cost for the The health care system for the care of patients with Crohn's disease in Europe is estimated at 3 billion euros, excluding biological treatments and indirect costs (Juillerat et al, 2010).
- Mangin et al 2004, Manichanh et al, 2006, Kleessen et al, 2002, Scanlan et al, 2006 and Gophna et al, 2006) associated with inappropriate intestinal mucosal immune system activation (Laroux et al, 2001; 2008, Landers et al, 2002).
- thiopurines immunosuppressants
- lymphomas Bosset et al, 2009, Peyrin-Biroulet et al, 2011, Sokol et al, 2009.
- the long-term risks of biological treatments are still poorly understood.
- the provision of an effective diagnostic test, especially early, would allow patients to be taken care of at the beginning of the disease, thus limiting the risks of severe complications and irreversible lesions.
- Crohn's disease is detected in the child or adolescent
- the initial care may be simply nutritional.
- An example of a dietetic food for medical use used in this context is Modulen® (oral complete food containing including TGF beta regulator of the immune response).
- the inventors were able to highlight the absence or the presence in quantity Abnormally low markers in the digestive system of patients with Crohn's disease in remission or outpatient flares.
- preferred markers, of bacterial origin correspond to the amino acid sequences SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3 and fragments of said amino acid sequences, and nucleic acid sequences encoding said amino acid sequences and fragments of said sequences.
- a compound binding all or part of a bacterium expressing a peptide sequence comprising an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3 and a fragment of these, or comprising a nucleic acid encoding said peptic sequence and a kit, in particular a diagnostic kit, comprising such a compound and at least one means for revealing the binding of said compound to all or part of the bacterium, and as their use to search for possible Crohn's disease in a subject or to follow the progress of Crohn's disease in a subject treated against said Crohn's disease.
- a diagnostic composition comprising at least one compound as described herein and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and a kit, particularly a diagnostic kit, comprising such a composition and at least one disclosure means of the present invention. binding of said compound to all or part of the bacterium, as well as their use to search for possible Crohn's disease in a subject or to follow the evolution of Crohn's disease in a subject treated against said Crohn's disease.
- the present text also describes the use of a diagnostic kit for preparing a diagnostic composition according to the invention or for obtaining information useful for the diagnosis of Crohn's disease.
- Another subject of the invention relates to a method for detecting the possible presence in a biological sample of a test subject for Crohn's disease of at least one bacterium expressing a peptide sequence comprising an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3 and a fragment thereof, or comprising a nucleic acid encoding said peptic sequence, or a portion of said bacterium.
- a method of diagnosis of Crohn's disease comprising the in vitro or ex vivo implementation of a detection method according to the invention on a biological sample from a subject to be tested is also described. It is characterized in that the absence of bacteria or part thereof, or the detection of bacteria or parts thereof, in an amount less than a control value within the sample, can diagnose disease of Crohn in said subject, the presence within the sample of bacteria or parts thereof in an amount greater than said control value allowing on the contrary to exclude the existence of Crohn's disease in said subject.
- This method comprises the implementation in vitro or ex vivo of a detection method according to the invention on a biological sample from a subject treated against Crohn's disease, the appearance or an increase in the amount of bacteria or parts thereof which reveal the effectiveness of said treatment, and the disappearance or decrease in the amount of bacteria or parts thereof, revealing otherwise the ineffectiveness of said treatment, when compared to a control value, for example when compared to the amount of bacteria or parts thereof detected in said subject before said subject has been treated for Crohn's disease.
- the present invention relates to biological markers of Crohn's disease, in particular markers of bacterial origin, allowing the relevant diagnosis of this disease in a subject, the monitoring of its evolution and the verification of the effectiveness of a directed treatment. against this one.
- the invention also relates to the methods for detecting these markers and the tools for carrying out these methods, typically the compounds (preferably the detectable compounds) binding said markers.
- the inventors have revealed the presence in significant quantities in the digestive system of subjects not suffering from Crohn's disease (also identified as "healthy subjects” in the present text), markers, in particular markers of bacterial origin, and have demonstrated their presence in very small quantities or even in an undetectable quantity in subjects suffering from Crohn's disease.
- the invention thus describes, for the first time and in a particularly advantageous manner, methods for diagnosing Crohn's disease, monitoring the evolution and / or efficacy of a treatment directed against Crohn's disease, based on the measurement in a biological sample of a test subject of at least one marker as described in the present text.
- the marker of interest is preferably a bacterium expressing a peptide sequence comprising an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3 and a fragment thereof (ie a fragment of one of said SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2 or SEQ ID NO: 3) or comprising a nucleic acid encoding said peptide sequence or said fragment thereof.
- the marker of interest typically corresponds to a portion of said bacterium, which may be, for example, an amino acid sequence or a nucleic acid sequence as described herein.
- the present description also provides the tools for implementing said methods.
- Chronic ulcerative colitis typically refers to the persistent inflammation of the walls and deep layers of the digestive tract of a subject. This inflammation can be characterized by local thickening of the intestinal walls as well as by cracks and wounds. It is often associated with intestinal disorders, diarrhea, fever or intense fatigue. In some cases, non-digestive symptoms may occur and occur at the joint, skin and / or ocular level. It is mainly characterized by attacks of abdominal pain and diarrhea, which can last several weeks or months. Fatigue, weight loss and even undernutrition can then occur. The disease evolves through periods of remission that can last several months. Sometimes the symptoms of a recurrence (or crisis) are so intense (inability to eat, haemorrhage, diarrhea, etc.) that hospitalization becomes necessary.
- the "early stage" of Crohn's disease is typically associated with the symptoms conventionally found in both chronic digestive disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases, which include abdominal pain, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, weight loss, fatigue and fever.
- subject means an animal, typically a human or non-human mammal, preferably a human being.
- Particular populations of subjects correspond to subjects with a predisposition to the development of Crohn's disease (which may be the result, for example, of a family history of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or even Crohn's disease) or to suspected subjects of Crohn's disease. suffer from the disease of Crohn for any other reason.
- Another particular population of subjects is those with no known symptoms or predisposition.
- a subject preferentially targeted by the present invention has chronic digestive disorders or chronic inflammatory disease of the ungraded bowel (i.e. not specifically identified).
- the present invention results from the identification and characterization by the inventors of biological markers or "biomarkers" characteristic of Crohn's disease. These markers make it possible to diagnose or to exclude with certainty the existence of Crohn's disease in a subject and have the advantage of being able to be assayed from non-invasive samples, typically from a sample comprising feces and / or faecal water, as explained below.
- the invention thus describes efficient biological markers, in particular nucleic acids, proteins, polypeptides, peptides or peptide combinations, typically of bacterial origin, that can be used to diagnose Crohn's disease as early as possible.
- Each of the markers according to the invention also advantageously makes it possible to distinguish Crohn's disease from other IBD, and in particular from ulcerative colitis.
- bacterium is understood in the broad sense and typically corresponds to the bacterium having retained its integrity or to a mixture of bacteria having retained their integrity.
- a preferred bacterium within the meaning of the invention expresses a peptide sequence comprising an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3 and a fragment thereof (ie a fragment of one of said SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2 or SEQ ID NO: 3) or comprises a nucleic acid encoding said peptide sequence or said fragment thereof.
- part of bacteria is meant any molecule or amino acid sequence or nucleic acid (nucleotide sequence) from a bacterium of interest, for example the bacterium Alkaliphilus oremlandii, preferably a bacterium of the genus Oscillibacter, or of several bacteria of interest, and capable of being recognized by a compound of the invention.
- bacterium of interest for example the bacterium Alkaliphilus oremlandii, preferably a bacterium of the genus Oscillibacter, or of several bacteria of interest, and capable of being recognized by a compound of the invention.
- markers or biomarkers
- the part of the bacterium used as a marker corresponds to a molecule or amino acid sequence, typically selected from a naturally occurring protein, polypeptide, peptide or combination of peptides (eg peptide complex). or artificial.
- This molecule may correspond to a fragment of capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane, flagella or endospore or to an element of the cytoplasm characteristic of one or more bacteria of interest.
- the marker corresponds, for example, to an extracellular structure, or to a polysaccharide portion of the outer wall. Markers comprising amino acids from the bacterium (s) of interest are preferably peptides, polypeptides or proteins found on the extracellular portion of a bacterium, typically "exposed" on the bacterial wall.
- these bacteria are likely to be easily detected with or without alteration of the bacterial wall.
- a preferred polypeptide label comprises, or consists of, a sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, even more preferably SEQ ID NO: 2 or SEQ ID NO: 3, and a fragment of either of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2 or SEQ ID NO: 3.
- peptide markers of interest correspond to markers comprising, or consisting of, a sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 4 (AEVATIIYR), SEQ ID NO: 5 (IYTADVAK), SEQ ID NO: 6 (SGLYATYNK), SEQ ID NO: 7 (TTDLNAPASR), SEQ ID NO: 8 (ELVAELLFQGIQK), SEQ ID NO: 9 (GYEDGSFQPK), SEQ ID NO: 10 (GVDLNAPASR), SEQ ID NO: 11 (VLGNAAPTLGYK), SEQ ID NO: 12 ( WTYNVGDK) and SEQ ID NO: 13 (YGTINPLATTSYVGAQGR), or a combination of several of said peptides.
- SEQ ID NO: 4 AEVATIIYR
- SEQ ID NO: 5 IYTADVAK
- SEQ ID NO: 6 SGLYATYNK
- SEQ ID NO: 7 TTDLNAPASR
- SEQ ID NO: 8 ELVAELLFQGIQK
- a preferred peptide tag comprises, or consists of, a sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 8 (ELVAELLFQGIQK), SEQ ID NO: 11 (VLGNAAPTLGYK) and SEQ ID NO: 13 (YGTINPLATTSYVGAQGR), or a combination of a plurality of said peptides.
- the target peptide combination used comprises or consists of a sequence selected from SEQ ID NO 8, SEQ ID NO 11, SEQ ID NO 13 or a combination thereof.
- the part of the bacterium (s) of interest is a molecule of nucleic acid in the form of a molecule.
- the nucleic acid sequence is for example a gene from a bacterium of interest.
- the nucleic acid sequences used include, or consist of, an mRNA sequence selected from SEQ ID Nos. 14, 15 or 16 in a preferred manner.
- the nucleic acids of sequences SEQ ID Nos. 14-16 have in particular been identified by the inventors from biological samples from healthy subjects or subjects suffering from Crohn's disease, by genome analysis techniques (such as explained in the experimental part of the present description).
- Another subject of the invention relates to a compound binding all or part of a marker of interest, typically all or part of a bacterium of interest, preferably of a bacterium of the genus Oscillibacter.
- a bacterium-binding compound means a compound comprising, or consisting of, a molecule binding all or part of a bacterium, said molecule being typically selected from a molecule consisting of amino acids such as a protein, a peptide, a combination of peptides or a polypeptide; a nucleic acid such as a DNA molecule, an RNA molecule or a plasmid; an antibody; a sugar, for example an oligosaccharide or a polysaccharide; and any mixture thereof such as for example a peptidoglycan.
- the compound When it is of peptide nature, ie when it comprises a peptide, the compound may advantageously be in acetylated form, methylated, phosphorylated, glycosylated or fused to another protein, peptide and polypeptide according to techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
- the compound When it comprises, or consists of, a nucleic acid, the compound may be advantageously inserted into a DNA fragment, or into a cloning vector.
- the compound consists of an antibody.
- the compound consists of a peptide construct, preferably selected from a fusion protein and a recombinant protein.
- the compound consists of a nucleic acid sequence which can be, for example, in the form of an aptamer.
- a preferred compound according to the invention binds at least one biological marker within the meaning of the invention from a bacterium of interest, typically a nucleic acid molecule or a molecule comprising amino acids.
- a compound is for example selected from a molecule consisting of amino acids such as a protein, a peptide, a combination of peptides or a polypeptide; a nucleic acid such as a DNA molecule, an RNA molecule or a plasmid; an antibody; a sugar, for example an oligosaccharide or a polysaccharide; and any mixture thereof such as for example a peptidoglycan.
- the compound according to the invention binding at least one biological marker within the meaning of the invention comprises, or consists of, a construct comprising a peptide or a nucleic acid binding all or part of the 'interest.
- the construct, when it comprises a peptide is preferably selected from a fusion protein or a recombinant protein, typically derived from molecular engineering and obtained according to methods well known to those skilled in the art.
- a preferred compound binds, or is capable of binding, a marker corresponding to an amino acid molecule from a bacterium of interest.
- the amino acid molecules preferably used as targets comprise, or consist of, a sequence selected from SEQ ID NO 1, SEQ ID NO 2 and SEQ ID NO 3. These protein markers have been identified by the inventors from biological samples from healthy subjects or subjects suffering from Crohn's disease by proteome analysis techniques known to those skilled in the art.
- a particularly preferred compound binds a polypeptide comprising, or consisting of, a sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 2 and SEQ ID NO: 3.
- Another preferred compound binds a peptide comprising, or consisting of, a sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO. : 9, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 12 and SEQ ID NO: 13.
- a particularly preferred compound binds a peptide comprising, or consisting of, a sequence selected from SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 11 and SEQ ID NO: 13.
- the compound according to the invention binding at least one biological marker within the meaning of the invention comprising amino acids comprises or consists of an antibody or an antibody fragment or derivative.
- the ligand is an antibody specific for the amino acid molecule, a fragment of such an antibody (for example an Fab, Fab ', CDR, etc.), or a derivative of such an antibody (for example a single-chain antibody, ScFv, nanobodies, etc.).
- the ligand is typically immobilized on a support, such as a slide, ball, column, plate, etc. The presence or amount of the target molecule in the sample can be detected / measured by demonstrating a complex between the target and one of its ligands.
- the ligand can be labeled to facilitate detection.
- a second revealing ligand may also be used. Immunological techniques that can be used and are well known are ELISA, RIA, etc. If necessary, the amount of peptide, polypeptide or protein detected can be compared to a control value, for example to a control value observed in subjects who do not have Crohn's disease.
- Antibodies specific for the markers according to the invention may be produced by conventional techniques, in particular by immunization of a non-human animal with an immunogen comprising the peptide, polypeptide or protein marker (or an immunogenic fragment thereof), and recovery of antibodies (polyclonal) or producer cells (to produce monoclonal antibodies). Techniques for producing poly- or monoclonal antibodies, ScFv fragments, human or humanized antibodies are described for example in Harlow et al. [Antibodies: A laboratory Manual, CSH Press, 1988]; Ward et al. [Nature 341 (1989) 544]; Bird et al.
- the immunogen can be synthetically manufactured, or by expression, in a suitable host, of a target nucleic acid as defined above.
- a suitable host of a target nucleic acid as defined above.
- these compounds bind, or are capable of binding, a bacterium of interest, or a part thereof (for example a gene, a protein, a polypeptide, a peptide or a combination of peptides) .
- the subject of the invention is a compound as described in the present text linked to a detectable marker.
- This detectable marker is used for the visualization, or even the quantification of the marker of interest.
- this detectable marker is selected from a ball, a fluorophore, a chemiluminescent moiety, a stable isotope, a particle (eg, a nanoparticle) such as a magnetic particle or an imageable metal particle.
- This detectable marker can be readily selected by those skilled in the art depending on the nature of the target biological marker.
- the invention also relates to compositions comprising at least one compound as described herein, typically a compound binding at least one biological marker within the meaning of the invention, and their uses.
- a diagnostic composition comprising at least one compound according to the invention, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is thus advantageously described.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier may be, for example, a substance selected from an excipient, a carrier, an adjuvant, a buffer, conventionally used with the detection or diagnostic tools.
- the choice of such supports depends essentially on the method of detection or diagnosis used.
- the invention typically relates to a compound according to the invention and a diagnostic composition comprising such a compound, for use in screening a subject for possible Crohn's disease, preferably at the earliest possible stage, from a sample. from said subject.
- the invention further relates to the use of the compound (s) of the invention for monitoring the course of Crohn's disease typically in a subject treated against this disease.
- the term "biological sample” refers to any biological sample from the test subject, preferably a sample containing nucleic acids, proteins or fragments thereof.
- a typical sample includes for example fluids, tissues, cells, proteins, nucleic acids.
- the sample according to the invention can be obtained by any technique known per se, for example by sampling, by non-invasive techniques, from collections or sample banks.
- the sample typically corresponds to a sample for studying the intestinal microbiota.
- Such a sample preferably comprises fecal matter (saddle) and / or faecal water.
- the sample may also consist of a biopsy (or operative specimen) of, or comprise, intestinal epithelial tissue or intestinal mucus.
- the sample is a sample of fresh material or a sample of frozen material.
- the sample may also be pre-treated to facilitate accessibility to the target molecules, for example by lysis (mechanical, chemical, enzymatic, etc.), purification, centrifugation, separation, etc.
- the sample can also be labeled (fluorescent, radioactive, luminescent, chemical, enzymatic, etc.), in order to be detected more easily.
- the detectable label is preferably selected from a bead, an inorganic particle, for example a metal particle, a fluorophore, a chemiluminescent moiety and a stable isotope. Techniques for cell lysis, concentration or dilution of nucleic acids or proteins are well known to those skilled in the art.
- the invention is aimed in particular at detecting genes, peptides, polypeptides or proteins derived from, and preferably characteristic of, the bacterium (s) of interest.
- the invention also relates to a diagnostic kit comprising at least one compound or at least one composition according to the invention and at least one means for revealing or detecting the binding of said compound to all or part of a bacterium of interest .
- the kit according to the invention comprises at least one antibody specific for a marker of Crohn's disease as described herein and one or more reagents and / or detection buffers.
- the kit according to the invention comprises specific reagents allowing the detection of AR, of DNA, typically of cDNA, or of a protein or protein fragment (for example oligonucleotide probes, primers). or antibodies).
- the kit contains all necessary and sufficient components to conduct the detection, including all controls, testing protocol, and if necessary, software for analysis and presentation of results.
- Kits may also include, for example, PCR buffers and enzymes, positive control sequences, reaction control primers, and instructions for amplifying or detecting specific sequences.
- kits may be used to detect all or part of one or more bacteria of interest and / or to dose said one or more bacteria in a biological sample, in particular to look for possible Crohn's disease in a subject, in particular to differentiate Crohn's disease patients from those with ulcerative colitis, or to obtain information useful for the diagnosis of Crohn's disease, or to follow evolution of Crohn's disease in a subject treated against this disease.
- the diagnostic kit is a kit comprising means for implementing an ELISA test or a Western-blot.
- the diagnostic kit contains a means for detecting one or more parts of the bacterium of interest, the detection means corresponding in particular to one or more polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies.
- the present text also relates to a kit for preparing a diagnostic composition as described herein.
- the invention advantageously makes it possible to detect the presence of Crohn's disease in a subject, and, once diagnosed, to follow its evolution.
- a particularly advantageous object of the invention lies in a method for detecting the possible presence in a biological sample of a test subject, typically a test subject for Crohn's disease, of at least one bacterium of interest or part thereof, for example several parts thereof (separately or relatively to each other).
- the presence and / or structure of the markers of interest can be detected / analyzed using techniques known to those skilled in the art, typically using targeted quantitative proteomic technologies.
- a preferred method uses mass spectrometry ("MS” or “MS”).
- MS mass spectrometry
- SRM for "Selected Reaction Monitoring”
- SRM technology with labeling of the peptides of interest, preferably peptides SEQ ID NO: 4 to SEQ ID NO: 13 is advantageously implemented.
- the method makes it possible to very precisely quantify the abundance of the proteins SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 3 in several different samples.
- Another particularly advantageous object of the invention lies in a method for detecting the possible presence in a biological sample of a test subject of a marker of interest, typically at least one bacterium of interest or part of this one, comprising:
- the method comprises determining the presence or (relative) amount of amino acid molecule (s) (peptide, polypeptide or protein) as a marker from the bacterium of interest.
- s amino acid molecule
- the detection or the determination of such an amino acid molecule in a sample can be carried out by any technique known to those skilled in the art. This detection is preferably carried out using a compound according to the invention capable of binding all or part of the bacterium of interest as described above.
- the method comprises bringing into contact, under conditions permitting hybridization between complementary sequences, the biological sample of the test subject, or nucleic acids extracted from said biological sample, and a set of probes specific for the target molecules (biomarkers) identified by the inventors to obtain a hybridization profile, the hybridization profile being characteristic of the presence of Crohn's disease in this subject, or ⁇ (inefficiency of the treatment applied to the subject where appropriate.
- RNA samples are useful in the present invention, such as, for example, Northern blotting, selective hybridization, the use of probed oligonucleotide-coated supports, amplification nucleic acid as for example by RT-PCR, quantitative PCR or ligation-PCR, etc.
- a nucleic probe eg an oligonucleotide
- a nucleic probe capable of selectively or specifically detecting the target nucleic acid in the sample.
- the amplification can be carried out according to various methods known to those skilled in the art, such as PCR, CSF, transcription-mediated amplification (TMA), strand displacement amplification (SDA), NASBA, use of allele-specific oligonucleotides (ASO), allele-specific amplification, Southern blotting, SSCA conformational analysis, in situ hybridization (eg, FISH), gel migration, assay heteroduplexes, etc.
- the amount of nucleic acid detected can be compared to a control value, for example a median or average value observed in patients who do not have Crohn's disease.
- the method comprises the detection of the presence or absence or the (relative) amount of nucleic acid molecules.
- nucleic probes preferably immobilized on a support, such as a solid or semi-solid support having at least one surface, flat or not, allowing the immobilization of nucleic probes.
- a support such as a solid or semi-solid support having at least one surface, flat or not.
- Such supports are for example a blade, ball, membrane, filter, column, plate, etc. They can be made of any compatible material, such as glass, silica, plastic, fiber, metal, polymer, etc.
- the nucleic probes may be any nucleic acid (DNA, RNA, PNA, etc.), preferably single-stranded, comprising a sequence specific for a target marker as defined above.
- the probes may be synthetic oligonucleotides, produced on the basis of the target molecule sequences of the invention according to conventional synthesis techniques.
- probes may be synthesized beforehand and then deposited on the support, or synthesized directly in situ, on the support, according to methods known per se to those skilled in the art.
- the probes can also be manufactured by genetic techniques, for example by amplification, recombination, ligation, etc.
- Hybridization can be carried out under standard conditions known to those skilled in the art and adjustable by it (Sambrook, Fritsch, Maniatis (1989) Molecular Cloning, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press). In particular, the hybridization can be carried out under conditions of high, medium or low stringency, depending on the desired level of sensitivity, the quantity of available material, etc.
- the nucleic acids are prehybridized in hybridization buffer.
- the nucleic acids of the sample are then contacted with the probes.
- the nucleic acids of the sample are marked beforehand with any known labeling (radioactive, enzymatic, fluorescent, luminescent, etc.).
- the supports are then washed.
- the hybridization profile is analyzed according to conventional techniques, for example by measuring the marking on the support by means of a suitable instrument.
- Hybridization conditions can naturally be adjusted by those skilled in the art, for example by modifying the hybridization temperature and / or the saline concentration of the buffer, as well as by adding auxiliary substances such as formamide or simple DNA. strand.
- the selective amplification is preferably performed using a primer or pair of primers for amplifying all or part of one of the target nucleic acids in the sample, when present therein.
- the primer may be specific for a target sequence as defined above, or a region flanking the target sequence in a nucleic acid of the sample.
- a particularly advantageous object of the invention relates to a method of diagnosis of Crohn's disease comprising the implementation in vitro or ex vivo on a biological sample from a test subject of a detection method as described above.
- the diagnostic method described is applied in screening, the subject having no known symptoms or predisposition.
- the invention also relates to a method for evaluating, in a subject, the therapeutic efficacy of a treatment against Crohn's disease, said method comprising the implementation in vitro or ex vivo of a detection method according to the invention on a biological sample from a subject treated against Crohn's disease, the appearance or an increase in the amount of bacterium (s) of interest or parts thereof that reveal the efficacy said treatment, and the disappearance or decrease of the amount of bacterium (s) of interest or parts thereof, revealing on the contrary the ineffectiveness of said treatment, when compared to a control value, for example when compared to the amount of bacteria of interest or parts thereof detected in said subject before said subject has been treated for Crohn's disease.
- control value refers to a concentration, amount or content of proteins, polypeptides, peptides or nucleic acids from the bacterium of interest as measured on a “reference sample” or “control sample” Typically on a “healthy sample” also identified as “normal sample” in this text.
- This control value is for example obtained from measurements made in several biological sample (s) obtained from a subject, preferably several subjects, who does not (do) suffer from Crohn's disease. .
- the reference sample may also be a sample obtained from one or more patients with Crohn's disease. This is typically the case in the context of implementing a method for monitoring the progression of Crohn's disease or determining the efficacy of a treatment of said disease, where the control value corresponds to preference to that determined from a sample taken from the subject to be followed, but before the follow-up and / or treatment directed against Crohn's disease has started in this subject.
- the invention also relates to a method of treating an identified (detected) subject as suffering from Crohn's disease, by means of a conventional treatment of Crohn's disease that the practitioner will be able to select, preferably from using a peptide or polypeptide (natural or synthetic) described herein or a nucleic acid sequence encoding such a peptide or polypeptide administered to the subject to be treated for example with the aid of an expression vector .
- Figure 1 Identifiers, sequences and functional and phylogenetic annotation of three proteins SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2 and SEQ ID NO: 3 (mass matching against the MetaHit-2009 library, re-annotated 2014).
- the peptides highlighted in bold are those seen in LC-MS / MS shotgun label-free.
- Peptides in bold underlined denote the specific peptides targeted for SRM.
- the vertical bars delineate the peptides seen in shotgun or targeted in SRM.
- Figure 2 Alignment of the Sequence of the Three Proteins of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2 and SEQ ID NO: 3 (AlignUniprot - http://www.uniprot.org/blast/)
- Figure 3 Protein Domain Searches of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2 and SEQ ID NO: 3 in the InterPro Database (EMBL-EBI http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/pfa / iprscan5 /)
- the inventors have discovered and validated, in patients in remission or moderate relapses, a panel of bacterial and human protein signals associated with Crohn's disease (Juste et al, 2014).
- the bacterial proteins and some human proteins adherent to the bacterial cells are extracted from the stool of the subjects.
- myriad proteins present it has been surprisingly shown that some are remarkably less abundant in patients compared to healthy controls, matched for age, sex, and tobacco use.
- Three microbial proteins were found to be more abundant in healthy subjects compared to patients by a shotgun label-free tandem mass spectrometry method developed by the inventors (Guillot et al, 2013).
- Protein identification is based on the Mass Matching technique and MetaHit metagenomic database queries (Qin et al, 2010) using the X! TandemPipeline ( http://pappso.inra.fr/bioinfo/xtandempipeline/). Their identifiers in the MetaHit_2009 database re-annotated in February 2014, their sequences, as well as the peptides seen in mass spectrometry and allowing their identification appear in Figure 1.
- Bacterial pellets washed in 20 mM Tris, 138 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 0.03% NaOH (de / w), pH 7.4 are stored at -80 ° C.
- a volume of 1.5 ml of lysis buffer (8.75 M urea, 2.5 M thiourea, 5% m / v CHAPS, 75 mM DTT, and 31.25 mM spermine dihydrate base) is deposited on each remaining frozen pellet.
- the chemical lysis is carried out at room temperature for 1 hour during which the samples are vortexed vigorously every 10 min.
- the lysates were centrifuged at very high speed (5419 x g, 1 hr, 18 ° C) and the supernatants were harvested and brought to neutral pH with concentrated HCl.
- the proteins are purified with the PlusOne SDS-PAGE kit (GE-Healthcare), then assayed with the 2-D Quant Kit (GE-Healthcare). All the samples are brought back to a protein concentration of 4 ⁇ g / ⁇ l with the Laemmli denaturation buffer.
- Each of the two tracks is cut into 20 equivalent bands and each of the 40 pieces of gel is subjected to reduction, alkylation and tryptic digestion according to a standard protocol (Shevchenko et al, 2007).
- the tryptic peptides are extracted from the gel by acetonitrile 50%, 0.2% formic acid, then dried under vacuum (SpeedVac), taken up in 25 ⁇ l of HPLC buffer (0.1% formic acid, 2% acetonitrile) and analyzed individually (either 40 analyzes in total) by LC-MS / MS in coupling (NanoLC Ultra System, Eksigent) connected to a mass spectrometer (Qexactive, Thermo).
- peptide extract 4 ⁇ l are loaded onto a pre-column (stationary phase PepMap 100 Cl 8, 5 ⁇ , 300 ⁇ DI column, 5 mm, Dionex) at a flow rate of 7.5 ⁇ / min. After 3 min, the pre-column is connected to a separation column (C18 Biosphere stationary phase, 3 ⁇ , 75 ⁇ DI column, 150 ⁇ , Nanoseparations) and the peptides are eluted using a linear gradient (5-35%).
- buffer B 80% acetonitrile, 0.1% formic acid
- buffer A 2% acetonitrile, 0.1% formic acid
- the ionization is carried out via a needle of the 'PicoTip' type (20 ⁇ DI, 360 ⁇ DE, New Objective).
- the peptide ions are automatically detected in dependent data mode with the following parameters: "full scan” MS (m / z 400-1400 th) to measure the m / z ratio of the peptides and fragmentation of the peptides observed at a normalizing energy of collision to fix 30%) in HCD under the control of Xcalibur software (version 2.1, Thermo).
- TandemPipeline software http://pappso.inra.fr/bioinfo/xtandempipeline/) to summarize the results in the form of tables giving the number of fragmented peptide ions attributed to each protein, as well as the sequence of these peptides. By inference, this number makes it possible to estimate the quantity of said protein in several samples.
- the total number of fragmentation spectra attributed to each protein was summed for the 20 fractions of the "Crohn” sample on the one hand, and the 20 fractions of the "Healthy” sample on the other hand.
- the sum of the spectra attributed to the proteins SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2 and SEQ ID NO: 3 is remarkably low in the "Crohn” sample compared to the "Healthy” sample.
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FR1462867A FR3030758A1 (fr) | 2014-12-19 | 2014-12-19 | Marqueurs diagnostiques de la maladie de crohn |
PCT/FR2015/053612 WO2016097644A2 (fr) | 2014-12-19 | 2015-12-18 | Marqueurs diagnostiques de la maladie de crohn |
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EP15823664.6A Withdrawn EP3234190A2 (fr) | 2014-12-19 | 2015-12-18 | Marqueurs diagnostiques de la maladie de crohn |
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EP (1) | EP3234190A2 (fr) |
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US5223409A (en) | 1988-09-02 | 1993-06-29 | Protein Engineering Corp. | Directed evolution of novel binding proteins |
GB9014932D0 (en) | 1990-07-05 | 1990-08-22 | Celltech Ltd | Recombinant dna product and method |
DE4122599C2 (de) | 1991-07-08 | 1993-11-11 | Deutsches Krebsforsch | Phagemid zum Screenen von Antikörpern |
CA2140638C (fr) | 1992-07-24 | 2010-05-04 | Raju Kucherlapati | Production d'anticorps xenogeniques |
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Title |
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QIN JUNJIE ET AL: "A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing", NA, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, UNITED KINGDOM, vol. 464, no. 7285, 4 March 2010 (2010-03-04), pages 59 - 65, XP008132800, ISSN: 1476-4687, DOI: 10.1038/NATURE08821 * |
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FR3030758A1 (fr) | 2016-06-24 |
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