Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
  • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
  • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
  • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
  • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
  • F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
  • F16D55/2265—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
  • F16D2055/0004—Parts or details of disc brakes
  • F16D2055/0016—Brake calipers
  • F16D2055/002—Brake calipers assembled from a plurality of parts
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
  • F16D2055/0004—Parts or details of disc brakes
  • F16D2055/0066—Brakes having more than one actuator on the same side of the disc
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
  • F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
  • F16D2121/04—Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
  • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
  • F16D2121/24—Electric or magnetic using motors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
  • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
  • F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
  • F16D2125/34—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting in the direction of the axis of rotation
  • F16D2125/40—Screw-and-nut
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
  • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
  • F16D2125/44—Mechanical mechanisms transmitting rotation
  • F16D2125/46—Rotating members in mutual engagement
  • F16D2125/48—Rotating members in mutual engagement with parallel stationary axes, e.g. spur gears

Definitions

• the invention relates to a disk brake caliper, in particular for floating mounting, for an automatic park brake with a mechanical actuator with hydraulic assistance.
• This stirrup comprises first and second branches rigidly connected to each other by an arch to enclose the brake disc between them.
• the stirrup comprises:
• a first one-piece part referred to as an attached piece, forming the first branch and carrying the connection with the vehicle, and
• the reported shaft is typically made of aluminum, and the vault is typically made of cast iron.
• the stirrup comprises a housing arranged to produce the mechanical chamber of the parking brake actuator, made in one piece with the reported shaft.
• the invention further relates to an industrialization process and a method of assembly, comprising the definition and assembly of several models of vaults reported on the same model of reported barrel, and vice versa.
• Disc brakes are a type of brake widely used in road vehicles, including four-wheeled and two-wheeled vehicles, particularly automobiles and light commercial vehicles.
• a stirrup comprising two branches interconnected by a vault is integral in rotation with the vehicle, for example the knuckle forming the hub of the wheel.
• the stirrup spans a sector of a disc that is secured to the wheel, with a branch on each side of the disc.
• the stirrup encloses the disc between its branches via a pair of friction pads, or pads, one on each side of the disc. For braking, these pads are tightened against the disc by the action of one or more brake pistons, actuated in general by hydraulic pressure. This clamping thus creates a friction between the linings and the disk, which dissipates as heat the kinetic energy of the wheel and brakes.
• the service brake function is to slow the vehicle when it is moving, if necessary until it stops.
• a disk brake can also be implemented to also fulfill a function of emergency brake and / or parking brake, also called park brake. This function is usually obtained by another actuator, and usually on the rear wheels.
• FIGURE 1a to FIGURE 1d illustrates a type of disk brake including an electro-hydraulically actuated automatic parking brake function on a floating mount brake 1.
• this type of assembly only one Bl of the arms of the caliper contains a brake piston 111 which presses on one 81 of the liners, and the other branch B2 directly receives the support of the other lining 82 called exterior.
• the support of the piston on one of the pads thus decreases the gap available between the two branches of the caliper, acting on one side of the disc 90.
• the caliper 11 as a whole moves in translation parallel to the Al direction of movement of the piston, for example by bores 71 axis A7 which slide on columns integral with the undercarriage.
• the brake piston 111 is moved by a hydraulic pressure connected to the piston chamber by one or more hydraulic openings 18, for example for an inlet and a bleed screw.
• the displacement of the brake piston 11 is controlled by a mechanical device mounted inside a mechanical chamber 12, which is driven by an electric motor, in the housing closed by the cover 121. required clamping force to ensure and maintain the immobilization of the vehicle over a long period, this mechanism is assisted by a second hydraulic piston mounted in a chamber 13, or "boost chamber”.
• the latter receives, by means of hydraulic inlets 138, a hydraulic pressure controlled by an electrically controlled high-pressure hydraulic pump, for example of the order of 180 bar.
• the mechanical chamber 12 is traversed by screws 137 which bear on the boost chamber 13. These screws are anchored in the stirrup 11 to clamp the two chambers against it and realize the assembly.
• the mechanical chamber 12 and the boost chamber 13 are generally light alloy, typically based on aluminum.
• the stirrup itself can also be made of a more rigid metal, typically cast iron, here represented in a clearer form. This allows a smaller footprint, as well as a lower absorption of effort that is to say a better "biting" braking.
• the mechanical chamber can also be integrated in the stirrup lia, which is then made of aluminum alloy.
• Improvements and optimizations are constantly sought in the field, particularly in terms of weight, cost, performance, reliability, bulk, but also adaptation to dimensional constraints.
• An object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the state of the art and to contribute to these improvements and optimizations, and to allow greater flexibility and ease of design and manufacture. Presentation of the invention
• the invention proposes a disk brake caliper for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, of the type comprising a first branch and a second branch connected to one another rigidly by an arch and arranged to enclose between them a sector of a brake disc between seals under the action of at least one brake piston moving in a hydraulic chamber arranged at least in the first branch, which is provided to be mounted integral in rotation of the vehicle.
• This stirrup is designed to receive, in a housing arranged specifically for this purpose, an electric park brake actuator, called a "boost chamber", which performs a parking brake function by acting on the brake piston of said stirrup according to an action combining electrical and hydraulic.
• This actuator comprises:
• a mechanical chamber including a controlled electric drive mechanism, which is arranged to clamp said brake at least by pressing on said brake piston, and
• a support chamber including at least a second hydraulic piston adapted to receive a hydraulic pressure of a hydraulic circuit under pressure so as to generate a support concurrent clamping achieved by the mechanism of said mechanical chamber.
• this stirrup comprises:
• a first one-piece part called said casing, which carries out the first leg and carries one or more members intended to ensure the connection of said caliper with the vehicle, and
• a second one-piece part said vault reported, which carries the stirrup arch and the second branch, and is rigidly connected to said first part by mechanical assembly means.
• the reported shaft typically comprises the hydraulic chamber, and carries the various members of fasteners, for example arms receiving columns in the case of a sliding or floating mounting.
• the vault thus includes the opposite part of the stirrup, also called the nose in the case of a sliding or floating assembly, which is supported on the outer lining.
• the vault can thus be manufactured according to a different process of the reported barrel, and / or in a different material.
• This independent vault allows a modularity in the architecture of the brake, in size or material or both according to the needs, for example by providing several types of vault for the same base Caliper.
• Such modularity allows for example a greater flexibility to adapt to the constraints of different car manufacturers, for example for the size between rim and caliper.
• the invention thus makes it possible to obtain different advantages for each part, optimized according to the needs of each part and of the assembly sought, and combine these benefits in one caliper.
• the vault is made of a material different from that of the reported barrel, in particular of a better rigidity.
• the stirrup can thus enjoy the advantages of a material for the vault, while keeping the advantages of the other material for the barrel and its hydraulic mechanism.
• the casing is formed by a molded part made of an alloy mainly based on aluminum
• the added vault is formed by a part (preferably molded) of cast iron or an alloy predominantly based on iron.
• the reported shaft can thus benefit from the specific advantages of a lighter alloy, in particular the aluminum alloy: in particular the lightness, made possible by mechanical stresses less important than in the vault; and ease and precision of molding, resulting in less machining retouches and easier to achieve.
• the vault can thus take advantage of the specific advantages of a more rigid material, in particular cast iron: for example a lower cost and / or a smaller footprint for the same resistance. It also allows a better stiffness of the stirrup, therefore a reduced absorption, that is to say a better "mordant" braking obtained.
• the separation between the reported shaft and the vault is provided in different positions, more or less close to the shaft.
• this separation is provided at the birth of the vault, and the vault itself is entirely realized by the second part. It is thus possible to realize a larger assembly surface, and to maximize the length of the vault that can be made of a different material.
• the invention is applicable to a single piston caliper, as described in more detail below.
• stirrup comprising in which the barrel includes at least two brake pistons arranged and actuated in parallel, for which the advantages are even more pronounced, because of the increased complexity of the shapes to be made in the caliper barrel .
• the invention is particularly, but not necessarily, applicable to sliding or floating type mounting.
• the nose of the vault also includes a hydraulic chamber.
• the composite appearance and the modularity that it provides confer the same types of advantages as for the floating assembly, at least for the parts located on the side of the caliper drum.
• the mechanical chamber and the boost chamber form two distinct subassemblies rigidly assembled on the shaft reported by mechanical assembly means.
• the mechanical chamber and the shaft are formed as a one-piece element, on which the boost chamber is rigidly connected by mechanical assembly means.
• the invention thus makes it possible to obtain the advantages of cast iron for the vault, while at the same time achieving a single assembly incorporating a stirrup shaft and a mechanical chamber, since this can be made of alloy aluminum with far fewer disadvantages and limitations.
• the realization of a stirrup vault and reported barrel thus provides a particularly advantageous advantage in the case of this type of parking brake. It makes it possible to adopt this type of parking brake in many configurations whose technical constraints did not allow it until now, for example for large efforts or particularly intensive uses, especially in a small footprint.
• the invention also proposes to integrate the boost chamber stirrup barrel in addition to the mechanical chamber, with the same type of benefits.
• the invention proposes:
• stirrup element arranged to make a second part, or vault attached, of a stirrup as described here, and / or
• stirrup element arranged to make a first part, or be reported, of a stirrup as described here.
• a disc brake including at least one stirrup as disclosed herein.
• the invention provides a vehicle or subassembly of vehicle comprising at least one brake or stirrup as described herein.
• an industrialization process which comprises the following steps:
• a second type of reported vault arranged to be assembled on said shaft and thus achieve said second type of brake or vehicle to assemble.
• an assembly method which comprises the following steps:
• a vault in a choice of several types of vaults reported different sizes, depending on a type of brake or vehicle to assemble, for example according to size criteria or a brake version or vehicle to be produced;
• FIG. 1 illustrates a state of the art of a floating-mount disk brake equipped with an electro-hydraulically actuated automatic parking brake device, with: o in FIGURE la, an explosion of such a brake in an all aluminum version, with separate mechanical chamber and boost chamber assembled on the caliper, o in FIGURE lb, an explosion of such a brake in a version with caliper cast,
• FIGURE 1a an explosion of such a brake in a version with stirrup and chamber forming an aluminum one-piece element
• FIGURE 1d a perspective view of such a brake once assembled
• FIG. 2 is a top view on the scale of an exploded brake, in a first embodiment of the invention, with cast iron assembled vault on an aluminum caliper shaft, with chamber mechanical and boost chamber manufactured separately;
• FIG. 3 is a top view on the scale of an exploded portion of a brake, in a second embodiment of the invention, with an attached cast iron vault on an aluminum stirrup shaft, including one-piece mechanical chamber;
• FIGURE 4 is a scale view of the brake of FIGURE 2, in section along the axis of the brake piston;
• FIGURE 5 is a perspective view at the scale of the brake of FIGURE 2, before assembly of the attached vault.
• the invention makes it possible to associate a bi-material stirrup with an "APB-H" module, that is to say, enabling the automated activation of parking braking by electro-hydraulic operation.
• the composite architecture within the caliper implemented in a two-material cast-aluminum way, provides advantages in terms of mass and stiffness, which can be adjusted differently and more widely compared to the state of the technical.
• this stirrup 20, 20b is composed of a cast iron vault 29 (shown in clear material) and a shaft 21, 21b made of aluminum alloy (shown in gray in the figures). .
• the two parts of the stirrup are made integral by two screws 27 whose heads are supported in housings 217 formed in the shaft 21, 21b and whose thread is held in the arch 29.
• the APB-H module is composed of two independent aluminum alloy chambers, the mechanical chamber 22 and the booster chamber. 23. These two chambers are clamped together and against the shaft 21 reported by three screws 237, based on the boost chamber and whose threading is made in the shaft 21 of the stirrup 20.
• the mechanical chamber 22 encloses in its interior space 210 a pinion 221, actuated by an electric motor enclosed by the cover 221.
• This pinion 221 is provided with an internal thread which drives in translation, in the axis brake piston 211, a screw 222 held in a flange 229.
• This screw 222 has a control end 224 which sealingly enters the hydraulic chamber 210 of the brake piston 211. It is linked in translation to a control end 212 of the brake piston 211.
• This mechanism thus forms an electromechanical actuator which provides the motion control to the tightening and loosening, by pushing and pulling the brake piston 211 by its control end 212.
• This electromechanical actuator is assisted in its clamping force (to the right of the figure), for the required clamping force, by a second hydraulic piston 231 housed in the internal space 230 a hydraulic chamber inside the chamber 23.
• This second piston 231 receives a high hydraulic pressure (about 180 bar) by a hydraulic circuit 238 assistance.
• This assistance pressure is provided for example by the ESP pump, or by an electric actuator booster "i-booster" realizing besides the main service braking assistance, under the effect of this pressure, this second hydraulic piston 231 presses on one end 223 of the screw 222 of the mechanical chamber 22.
• stirrup shaft 21b integrates the mechanical chamber in a one-piece fashion of aluminum alloy. It thus allows additional advantages specific to the integration without sacrificing the advantages that a vault brings to another material, here cast iron.
• the brake according to the invention retains the advantages of Cast iron caliper while providing the following benefits:
• this brake according to the invention allows the advantages of the cast iron caliper and thus brings the following advantages:

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Cites Families (5)

• 2015
  • 2015-09-16 FR FR1558704A patent/FR3041048B1/fr active Active
• 2016
  • 2016-09-16 WO PCT/EP2016/072067 patent/WO2017046392A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2016-09-16 EP EP16778695.3A patent/EP3230613A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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