EP3216324A1 - Lentille laser plasma - Google Patents
Lentille laser plasmaInfo
- Publication number
- EP3216324A1 EP3216324A1 EP15788096.4A EP15788096A EP3216324A1 EP 3216324 A1 EP3216324 A1 EP 3216324A1 EP 15788096 A EP15788096 A EP 15788096A EP 3216324 A1 EP3216324 A1 EP 3216324A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas cloud
- gas
- cloud
- electron
- collimating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 184
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MBYLVOKEDDQJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-aminoethyl)amine Chemical compound NCCN(CCN)CCN MBYLVOKEDDQJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
- H01J23/08—Focusing arrangements, e.g. for concentrating stream of electrons, for preventing spreading of stream
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
- H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H15/00—Methods or devices for acceleration of charged particles not otherwise provided for, e.g. wakefield accelerators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device and method for collimating or focusing an electron pack, and to a device and method for transmitting a relativistic electron pack.
- relativistic electron is meant an electron whose speed of displacement is not negligible compared to the speed of light, especially whose speed is greater than 90% of the speed of light.
- laser-plasma There is known a process of acceleration of electrons called "laser-plasma”. This method makes it possible to generate a high energy electron pack - typically a few hundred MeV - by focusing an intense laser pulse in a jet of gas. The laser pulse creates a wave of electric and magnetic fields that accelerate electrons in the gas.
- This method has many advantages over conventional electron acceleration techniques.
- this method can be implemented by means of a compact device, a distance of a few millimeters sufficient to accelerate the electrons to an energy level of a few hundred MeV, while several tens of meters are necessary to achieve a such energy level with conventional methods.
- laser-plasma acceleration generates extremely short electron packets, typically of the order of a few femtoseconds, and of very limited size, typically a few micrometers. Electron packets with such characteristics are difficult to generate with conventional accelerators.
- the portion of the electron pack located in the focusing zone is reduced to zero and the packet of electrons Electrons are no longer focused at all by the wave of focusing electric fields.
- the invention responds to this need by proposing a device for collimating or focusing a relativistic electron package, in particular obtained by laser-plasma acceleration, comprising a gas cloud and a laser adapted to emit a laser pulse focused in the gas cloud to create a wave of focal electric and magnetic fields.
- focusing of an electron beam is meant the concentration of this electron beam.
- collimation of an electron beam is meant the orientation of this beam in one direction.
- a relativistic electron package is collimated or focused by means of a wave of focusing electric and magnetic fields to which the relativistic electron package is subjected.
- This wave of electric and magnetic fields is formed by a laser pulse propagating in a cloud of gas. This laser pulse locally ionizes the gas cloud, forming electric fields and magnetic focusing. This wave of focusing fields moves following the laser pulse.
- Such a device is significantly more compact than known devices.
- the quadrupoles Compared to the quadrupoles, it also has the advantage of simultaneously focusing the electrons in the two transverse directions with respect to the direction of propagation of the electron packet. Depending on the shape of the laser pulse, it is also possible to obtain a different focus or collimation effect in the two transverse directions.
- the invention also relates to a device for transmitting a collimated or focused relativistic electron package, comprising:
- a laser adapted to emit a laser pulse focused in the first gas cloud to create a first wave of electric and magnetic fields of electron acceleration present in the gas and thereby form a relativistic electron beam that propagates to the outside the first cloud of gas
- a collimation or focusing device as described above, placed on the propagation path of the relativistic electron packet, the gas cloud of the collimating or focusing device being remote from said first gas cloud.
- the device for transmitting a collimated or focused relativistic electron packet may comprise a single laser adapted to emit a laser pulse focused at a time in the first gas cloud to create a first field wave therein. electrical and magnetic electron acceleration present in the gas, and in the gas cloud of the collimating device or focusing to create a wave of focusing electric and magnetic fields.
- the device for transmitting a collimated or focused relativistic electron package comprises one or two separate lasers adapted to emit two distinct laser pulses, one of which is focused in the first gas cloud. to create a first wave of electric and magnetic fields of electron acceleration present in the gas, and the other of which is focused in the gas cloud of the collimating or focusing device to create a wave of electric fields and magnetic focusing.
- the electron densities of the first and second gas clouds can be understood as 1.10 17 cm -3 and 1.10 -20 cm- 3 .
- the density of the first gas cloud is chosen mainly according to the characteristics of the laser.
- the density of the second gas cloud is chosen mainly according to the characteristics of the laser, the length of the second gas cloud and the distance between the two gas clouds.
- the density of the second cloud may in particular be lower than that of the first cloud of gas. Alternatively, however, the density of the two gas clouds is substantially equal.
- the distance between the first gas cloud and the gas cloud of the collimation or focusing device is greater than 300 ⁇ and / or less than 5 mm, preferably less than 2 mm.
- the device for emitting a collimated or focused relativistic electron package may comprise at least one of a capillary, a discharge capillary, a capillary leak, a sonic nozzle, a supersonic nozzle and a gas cell. to realize each gas cloud.
- the width of the gas cloud of the collimation or focusing device may be between 10 ⁇ and 2 mm. In the case where a single laser beam is used, the gas cloud of the collimating or focusing device may be wider than 2 mm. However, in the latter case, only the upstream portion of the gas cloud, in the direction of propagation of the electron packet, has a real effect of collimation or focusing of the electron packet.
- the laser pulse emitted by the laser of the collimating or focusing device may have a duration of, for example, between 5 and 500 femtoseconds, and a peak power of, for example, between 10 terawatt and 10 petawatt.
- the invention relates to a method for collimating or focusing a relativistic electron pack, in particular by means of a collimation or focusing device as described above, comprising the steps of at :
- the invention also provides a method of transmitting a collimated or focused relativistic electron package, comprising the steps of:
- the invention also relates to a method for transmitting a collimated or focused relativistic electron package, comprising the steps of:
- the distance between the first gas cloud and the second gas cloud may be greater than 300 ⁇ and / or less than 5 mm, preferably less than 2 mm.
- the electron densities of the first and second gas clouds can be understood as 1.10 17 cm -3 and 1.10 -20 cm- 3 .
- the density of the first gas cloud is chosen mainly according to the characteristics of the laser.
- the density of the second gas cloud is chosen mainly according to the characteristics of the laser, the length of the second gas cloud and the distance between the two gas clouds.
- the width of the gas cloud or the second cloud of gas, if any, may be between 10 ⁇ and 2 mm.
- the laser pulse or the second laser pulse, if any, may have a duration of, for example, between 5 and 500 femtoseconds, and a peak power of, for example, between 10 terawatt and 10 petawatt.
- FIG. 1 schematically represents a device for collimating or focusing a relativistic electron pack
- FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an exemplary device for transmitting a relativistic electron package that is collimated or focused, implementing a single laser pulse
- Figures 3 to 5 schematically illustrate phase spaces showing the focusing of a packet of electrons by means of the device of Figure 2;
- FIG. 6 schematically represents an example of a device for transmitting a relativistic electron package that is collimated or focused, implementing two distinct laser pulses.
- a collimating or focusing device 10 of a relativistic electron pack 12 comprises an ionizable gas cloud 14, formed here by means of a nozzle 16, and a laser (not shown) adapted to emit a laser pulse 18 focused in the gas cloud 14 to create a wave of focusing electric and magnetic fields.
- the laser pulse 18 ionizes the gas of the gas cloud 14. In doing so, the laser pulse 18 forms in its wake 20, focusing magnetic and electric fields 22 (in English "focusing wakefield”). The laser pulse 18 moving in the gas cloud, creates a wave of focussing electric and magnetic fields 22, in the wake of the laser pulse 18. These focal electric and magnetic fields 22, to which the relativistic electron pack 12 is subjected, make it possible to collimate or to focus the relativistic electron package 12.
- the laser pulse emitted by the laser may have a duration of between 5 and
- the emitted laser pulse may also have a peak power of between 10 terawatt and 10 petawatt.
- the width of the gas cloud is for example between 10 ⁇ and 2 mm.
- Such a device makes it possible to implement the process of collimation or focusing of a relativistic electron package according to. Firstly, a focused laser pulse 18 is emitted into an ionizable gas cloud 14 to create a wave of focal electric and magnetic fields 22. Then the relativistic electron package 12 is subjected to said electric field wave. and magnetic focusing 22.
- the length pair of the gas cloud 14, electronic density in the gas cloud 14 is chosen to limit the variation of energy of the electrons between the entry into the gas cloud 14 and the exit of this gas cloud 14
- E SO ⁇ is the input / E in tren, between the energy E in the electrons at the entry into the gas cloud 14 and the energy E SO of the electrons at the exit of the gas cloud 14 is advantageously less than 50%, better still less than 40%, more preferably less than 30%, more preferably less than 20% and even more preferably less than 10%.
- the length of the gas cloud 14 electron density in the gas cloud 14 is chosen to reduce a factor equal to the ratio of the divergence of the beam of electrons divided by the energy of the electrons to the power 3 ⁇ 4.
- this pair can be chosen to reduce this factor by a ratio of two or, preferably, by a ratio greater than two, between the entry into the gas cloud 14 and the exit of this gas cloud 14.
- the distance between the source of the electron beam 12 and the gas cloud 14 can also be determined, in combination with the torque length of the gas cloud 14, electron density in the gas cloud 14, to reduce this factor by a factor of two or, preferably, by a factor greater than two.
- the length of the gas cloud 14 electron density in the gas cloud 14 is chosen to reduce the dimensions of the electron beam in at least one plane transverse to the direction of propagation of the beam, preferably in all planes transverse to the direction of propagation of the beam, at the outlet of the gas cloud 14 with respect to its input dimensions of the gas cloud 14.
- these dimensions in FIG. a transverse plane, preferably in all transverse planes are reduced by a factor of two, more preferably by a factor greater than two.
- the distance between the source of the electron beam 12 and the gas cloud 14 can also be determined, in combination with the length pair of the gas cloud 14, electron density in the gas cloud 14, to reduce the dimensions of the electron beam 12 in a transverse plane, preferably in all the transverse planes, by a factor of two or, preferably, by a factor greater than two.
- FIG. 2 represents a device for transmitting a collimated or focused relativistic electron pack 100 according to a first example, implementing a collimation or focusing device 10 as illustrated in FIG. 1.
- this device 100 firstly comprises a first gas cloud 24, formed here by means of a first nozzle 26, a laser (not shown) adapted to emit a laser pulse 18 focused in the first gas cloud 24
- the laser pulse 18 propagating in the first gas cloud 24, locally ionizes this gas and forms, in its wake, electric and magnetic acceleration fields which apply to the electrons present in the first gas cloud 24.
- a wave of electric and magnetic fields of acceleration is created, these electric and magnetic fields applying to the electrons in the groove of the laser pulse. .
- the electric and magnetic fields formed in the wake of the laser pulse are the so-called “bubble” or “cavitation” regime ("bubble regime” or “blow-out regime” in English).
- Such a regime of the bubble corresponds to a laser intensity much greater than 2.10 18 W.cm -2 , to a laser diameter of the order of the plasma wavelength of the gas cloud, and to a duration of laser pulse of the order of magnitude of the plasma period of the gas cloud.
- the density of the gas in the first gas cloud can be chosen relatively high, for example greater than 10 19 molecules per cm 3 .
- electrons can be injected using a heavier gas, typically nitrogen or argon, while generally using helium or hydrogen, or a mixture of gas, and / or using one or more other laser pulses, and / or placing an object on the outlet of the gas jet.
- a heavier gas typically nitrogen or argon
- the electron pack 12 thus has, at the output of the first gas cloud 24, a phase portrait 28 of the electron pack 12, as shown in FIG. 3.
- This figure represents the phase portrait of the electron pack relativistic in a single transverse direction being understood that with a laser pulse of substantially circular section, this phase portrait is substantially identical in two transverse directions perpendicular.
- X represents one of the coordinates (X, Y, Z) of an electron, in a plane (O, x, y) normal to the propagation direction z of the electron packet
- ⁇ represents the angle between the propagation axis z of the electron packet and the velocity vector of the electron, in a plane (O, y, z).
- This phase portrait in the form of an elongated ellipse in the ⁇ direction, demonstrates the relatively large divergence of the electron pack 12 in the first gas cloud 24 and, especially, its output.
- This relativistic electron pack 12 then propagates outside this first gas cloud 24 towards a second gas cloud 14 of a collimating or focusing device 10 as described previously with reference to FIG. 1.
- the relativistic electron pack 12 propagates freely in a vacuum.
- "Vacuum” preferably means an electron density between the two gas clouds, less than 40%, preferably less than 20% and even more preferably less than 1% of the electron density of the second gas cloud.
- the distance d between the first and second gas clouds 24, 14 is for example greater than 300 ⁇ and / or less than 5 mm, preferably less than 2 mm.
- phase portrait 30 of FIG. 4 As illustrated by the phase portrait 30 of FIG. 4, during this propagation in the vacuum of the electron pack, the electrons diffract freely and, in the absence of electric and magnetic fields in the wake of the laser pulse 18, the electron pack 12 widens radially. This results in a stretching of the phase portrait in the X direction, but with constant values of ⁇ .
- the relativistic electron pack 12 enters the second gas cloud 14.
- the laser pulse 18 creates, in its wake, a new wave of electric and magnetic fields which have a focusing or collimating effect.
- This laser pulse 18 and the second gas cloud 14 form a collimating or focusing device 10 as already described with reference to FIG.
- the electric and magnetic fields formed in the wake of the laser pulse 18 in the second gas cloud 14 are typically in the linear or quasi-linear regime.
- the electric and magnetic fields in the second gas cloud are thus weaker a priori than in the first cloud of gas.
- the relativistic electron pack pivots more slowly in the phase portrait.
- the phase portrait 32 of the electron pack is aligned with the X axis and the divergence is minimal. A collimation effect is obtained when the gas cloud stops at these points.
- the triplet length of the second gas cloud 14, distance d between the two gas clouds and electron density in the second gas cloud 14 is chosen to limit the variation of energy of the electrons between the entry in the second cloud of gas 14 and the output of this second gas cloud 14.
- input / E in tré, between the energy E in tré of the electrons at the entry in the second gas cloud 14 and the energy E SO of the electrons at the exit of the second gas cloud 14 is advantageously less than 50%, better still less than 40%, better still less than 30%, more preferably less than 20% and so even more preferred less than 10%.
- the triplet length of the second gas cloud 14 is chosen to decrease a factor equal to the ratio of the divergence of the electron beam, divided by the energy of the electrons to the power 3 ⁇ 4.
- this triplet may be chosen to reduce this factor by a ratio of two or, preferably, by a ratio greater than two, between the output of the first gas cloud 24 and the output of the second gas cloud 14.
- the triplet length of the second gas cloud 14 distance d between the two gas clouds and electron density in the second gas cloud 14 is chosen to reduce the dimensions of the electron beam in at least one plane transverse to the direction of propagation of the beam, preferably in all planes transverse to the direction of propagation of the beam, at the outlet of the second gas cloud 14 with respect to its The dimensions at the outlet of the first gas cloud 24.
- these dimensions in a transverse plane, preferably in all transverse planes are reduced by a factor of two, more preferably by a factor greater than two.
- the gas of the first gas cloud is denser than the gas of the gas cloud of the collimating or focusing device, the density of the first cloud of gas being, for example, greater than 5.10 18 molecules per cm 3 , preferably greater than at 10 19 molecules per cm 3 , the density of the gas cloud of the collimating or focusing device being, for example, less than 5.10 18 molecules per cm 3 , preferably less than 10 18 molecules per cm 3 .
- the density values can vary significantly depending on the properties of the laser pulse and the electrons.
- the device of FIG. 100 also functions if the density of the second gas cloud is equal to or greater than that of the first gas cloud.
- the device 100 makes it possible to implement the method of transmitting a relativistic electron package collimated or focused according to.
- a focused laser pulse is emitted into a first ionizable gas cloud, to create a wave of electric and magnetic fields of electron acceleration present in the gas and thus form a relativistic electron package that spreads outside the first cloud of gas.
- the laser pulse is also focused in a second cloud of ionizable gas, it creates a wave of electric and magnetic fields focusing.
- the first gas cloud is distant from the second cloud of ionizable gas.
- the relativistic electron package is subjected to the wave of focal electric and magnetic fields.
- FIG. 6 represents a device for emitting a collimated or focused relativistic electron packet 200 according to a second example.
- This device 200 differs from the device 100 of FIG. 2 essentially in that it implements two laser pulses 18, 34, for example coming from the same laser and separated upstream of the first gas cloud 24.
- the laser is thus adapted to emit a first laser pulse 34 focused in the first ionizable gas cloud 24, to create therein a first wave of electric and magnetic electron acceleration fields present in the gas and thus form a packet of particles.
- relativistic electrons 12 which propagates outside the first gas cloud 24.
- This laser is further adapted to emit a second laser pulse 18 focused in the second ionizable gas cloud 14, to create a second wave of fields electric and magnetic, collimation or focusing of the relativistic electron pack 12.
- the second laser pulse precedes the first laser pulse a few tenths of femtoseconds.
- This delay between the two laser pulses 34, 18 can be adjusted so that the electron pack 12 is in a focusing zone of the wave of electric and magnetic fields produced in the second gas cloud 14 by the second laser pulse 18 .
- the gas density of the second gas cloud is preferably chosen to be relatively low, for example less than 10 18 molecules per cm 3 for the wake of the second laser pulse to encompass the entire electron pack 12.
- the length of the second cloud gas 14 is for example 100 ⁇ .
- the electronic density n e in the second gas cloud 14 and the length L e of this second gas cloud 14 are chosen so that the following inequality is verified:
- the two laser pulses can be of different wavelengths. Preferably, however, they have the same wavelength.
- the first and second clouds of gas are here also distant by a distance of the order of a millimeter, so that the relativistic electron package propagates in a vacuum in the space between these two clouds of gas.
- this order of magnitude is not limiting, and the distance between the two gas clouds can be determined as explained above in the case of the device 100.
- This device for transmitting a collimated or focused relativistic electron pack 200 functions substantially like the transmission device 100.
- the phase portrait of the electron pack has the same variations in this device 200 as in the device
- the electric and magnetic fields in the second gas cloud are stronger in this device 200 than in the case of the device 100.
- the second gas cloud in the device 200 may be shorter than in the case of the device. 100 issue.
- this device 200 has fewer aberrations than the device 100.
- the second laser pulse corresponds to the regime of the bubble in the second gas cloud.
- the focusing electric and magnetic fields in this second gas cloud are proportional to the distance to the propagation axis of the second laser pulse.
- the electric and magnetic fields focusing in the second gas cloud of this device 100 are proportional to the distance to the axis that close to the axis and in an approximate manner. Electrons with larger propagation angles may not see the same focusing fields as electrons with low propagation angles.
- the collimation length may then depend on the initial propagation angle of the electrons, which may limit the collimation effect.
- the device 200 also makes it possible to better focus very energetic electrons, for example those whose energy is greater than 1 GeV.
- the fields in the device 100 are indeed generally too weak to focus these electrons effectively.
- This device 200 makes it possible to implement the method of transmitting a relativistic electron package collimated or focused next.
- a first focused laser pulse is emitted into a first ionizable gas cloud to create a wave of electric and magnetic electron acceleration fields present in the gas and thereby form a relativistic electron beam that propagates outside.
- the first cloud of ionizable gas A second focused laser pulse is emitted in a second ionizable gas cloud to create a wave of focal electric and magnetic fields, the first ionizable gas cloud being distant from the second ionizable gas cloud.
- the relativistic electron package is subjected to the wave of focal electric and magnetic fields.
- the or each cloud of gas can be obtained by implementing at least one of a capillary, a discharge capillary, a capillary leak, a sonic nozzle, a supersonic nozzle and a gas cell, to achieve each cloud of gas.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Particle Accelerators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1460696A FR3028093B1 (fr) | 2014-11-05 | 2014-11-05 | Lentille laser-plasma |
PCT/EP2015/075740 WO2016071413A1 (fr) | 2014-11-05 | 2015-11-04 | Lentille laser plasma |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3216324A1 true EP3216324A1 (fr) | 2017-09-13 |
EP3216324B1 EP3216324B1 (fr) | 2021-10-27 |
Family
ID=52824319
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15788096.4A Active EP3216324B1 (fr) | 2014-11-05 | 2015-11-04 | Lentille laser plasma |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10249467B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3216324B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3028093B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2016071413A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20220291429A1 (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2022-09-15 | Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc | Holographic plasma lenses |
US20230038333A1 (en) * | 2021-08-08 | 2023-02-09 | Glen A. Robertson | Methods for creating rapidly changing asymmetric electron surface densities for acceleration without mass ejection |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4886958A (en) * | 1988-03-25 | 1989-12-12 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Autofocus system for scanning laser inspector or writer |
US5077774A (en) * | 1989-07-12 | 1991-12-31 | Adelphi Technology Inc. | X-ray lithography source |
US5912939A (en) * | 1997-02-07 | 1999-06-15 | Hirsch; Gregory | Soft x-ray microfluoroscope |
US6859263B2 (en) * | 2001-08-30 | 2005-02-22 | Euv Llc | Apparatus for generating partially coherent radiation |
CN101006541B (zh) * | 2003-06-02 | 2010-07-07 | 福克斯·彻斯癌症中心 | 高能多能离子选择系统、离子束治疗系统及离子束治疗中心 |
WO2005069451A1 (fr) * | 2004-01-07 | 2005-07-28 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Systeme de rayons x a longueur d'onde ultracourte |
US7440097B2 (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2008-10-21 | General Electric Company | Laser plasma spectroscopy apparatus and method for in situ depth profiling |
US8436327B2 (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2013-05-07 | Vladimir Balakin | Multi-field charged particle cancer therapy method and apparatus |
US8129699B2 (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2012-03-06 | Vladimir Balakin | Multi-field charged particle cancer therapy method and apparatus coordinated with patient respiration |
US8351476B1 (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2013-01-08 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Quasi-remote laser pulse compression and generation of radiation and particle beams |
EP2651196B1 (fr) * | 2012-04-13 | 2017-04-12 | Ecole Polytechnique | Source purement optique de rayonnement à grande énergie |
US9485847B1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2016-11-01 | Nutech Ventures | Method of aligning a laser-based radiation source |
EP2846422A1 (fr) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-03-11 | Ecole Polytechnique | Laser à électrons libres comprenant un accélérateur plasma par impulsion laser fournie par un laser à fibres |
-
2014
- 2014-11-05 FR FR1460696A patent/FR3028093B1/fr active Active
-
2015
- 2015-11-04 WO PCT/EP2015/075740 patent/WO2016071413A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2015-11-04 US US15/524,984 patent/US10249467B2/en active Active
- 2015-11-04 EP EP15788096.4A patent/EP3216324B1/fr active Active
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
J. S. LIU ET AL: "All-Optical Cascaded Laser Wakefield Accelerator Using Ionization-Induced Injection", PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, vol. 107, no. 3, 1 July 2011 (2011-07-01), US, XP055669811, ISSN: 0031-9007, DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.035001 * |
See also references of WO2016071413A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3028093A1 (fr) | 2016-05-06 |
US10249467B2 (en) | 2019-04-02 |
US20170323757A1 (en) | 2017-11-09 |
EP3216324B1 (fr) | 2021-10-27 |
WO2016071413A1 (fr) | 2016-05-12 |
FR3028093B1 (fr) | 2019-05-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1145605B1 (fr) | Dispositif de variation de l'energie d'un faisceau de particules extraites d'un accelerateur | |
EP2334465B1 (fr) | Procede et installation de coupage laser avec modification du facteur de qualite du faisceau laser par un composant optique diffractant | |
EP2719260B1 (fr) | Procédé et agencement pour engendrer un jet de fluide, procédé et système de transformation du jet en un plasma et applications de ce système | |
EP2798710B1 (fr) | Source laser a puissance crete superieure a 100 terawatt et haut contraste | |
EP3864465B1 (fr) | Système et procédé de compression d'impulsions lumineuses breves ou ultrabreves et système laser à impulsions lumineuses associé | |
EP3216324B1 (fr) | Lentille laser plasma | |
EP2089943B1 (fr) | Système laser à emission d'impulsions picosecondes | |
EP3714517B1 (fr) | Système et procédé de génération d'un faisceau laser de forte intensité localisé spatialement | |
FR3004294A1 (fr) | Dispositif et procede de generation d'un rayonnement smith-purcell coherent. | |
FR2934722A1 (fr) | Dispositif de generation d'une impulsion laser a duree reduite. | |
EP2356890B1 (fr) | Procede et systeme pour augmenter la duree de vie d'un plasma | |
CA2554470A1 (fr) | Source laser ultrabreve a ions terre rare a train d'impulsions stable et dispositif d'allongement d'une cavite laser | |
FR2961731A1 (fr) | Procede et installation de coupage laser a fibre ou disque avec distribution d'intensite du faisceau laser en anneau | |
WO2023198653A1 (fr) | Procede et systeme d'acceleration d'electrons par interaction laser-plasma | |
WO2022200616A1 (fr) | Accélérateur laser-plasma à train d'impulsions | |
BE1025341A1 (fr) | Méthode pour structurer un substrat | |
CA2888713C (fr) | Procede et dispositif de generation d'un faisceau de particules chargees focalise de fort courant | |
FR2681471A1 (fr) | Modulateur temporel de faisceau d'ions. | |
FR2879839A1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif d'amplification d'un faisceau laser a haute energie sans lasage transverse | |
WO2021191221A1 (fr) | Dispositif de pompage laser en t | |
FR2775415A1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif de production de rayonnement synchrotron infrarouge | |
FR2906674A1 (fr) | Dispositif pour prolonger dans le vide un plasma conducteur d'electricite |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20170606 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20190409 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE Owner name: ECOLE NATIONALE SUPERIEURE DE TECHNIQUES AVANCEES |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20210518 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602015074488 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1443126 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20211115 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG9D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20211027 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 1443126 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20211027 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220127 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220227 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220228 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220127 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20220128 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 602015074488 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20211104 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20211130 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20211130 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20211130 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20211130 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20220127 |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20220728 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20211104 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20220127 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20220601 Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20151104 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20230927 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20211027 |