EP1145605B1 - Dispositif de variation de l'energie d'un faisceau de particules extraites d'un accelerateur - Google Patents
Dispositif de variation de l'energie d'un faisceau de particules extraites d'un accelerateur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1145605B1 EP1145605B1 EP99961998A EP99961998A EP1145605B1 EP 1145605 B1 EP1145605 B1 EP 1145605B1 EP 99961998 A EP99961998 A EP 99961998A EP 99961998 A EP99961998 A EP 99961998A EP 1145605 B1 EP1145605 B1 EP 1145605B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- energy
- degrader
- steps
- exit
- thickness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H13/00—Magnetic resonance accelerators; Cyclotrons
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
- G21K1/10—Scattering devices; Absorbing devices; Ionising radiation filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for enabling the variation of energy of a particle beam extracted from an accelerator particles.
- the present invention also relates to the use of such a device.
- Some applications involving the use of charged particle beams also need to vary the energy quickly of these particles.
- an accelerator capable of producing intrinsic, a particle beam extracted from the energy is variable.
- an accelerator such as a synchrotron capable of produce within this accelerator a beam of particles whose energy is variable.
- this type accelerator is relatively complex to perform, and this is more expensive and less reliable than accelerators of particles producing beams of fixed energy like cyclotrons.
- the present invention aims to propose a device that would vary the energy of the beam extracted from a particle accelerator, particular of a fixed energy particle accelerator,
- the present invention aims more particularly to propose a device that would allow to vary the energy of a beam extracted from a particle accelerator in an almost continuous manner.
- the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for enabling variation of the energy of a particle beam extracted from a fixed energy particle accelerator.
- an energy degrader consisting essentially of a block of material of which the thickness is discretely variable in steps.
- the thickness is defined as the distance between the face entrance and exit face on the block of material.
- the pitch energy spacing is variable and is determined so that the variation of the intensity beam reaches at the border between two steps consecutive maximum of 15%, typically 10%, of the maximum intensity obtained at the exit of each of the two not successive considered. This allows to obtain a continuous variation of energy despite the fact that the thickness varies in a discreet way. Indeed, this is due to the combination of how to calculate the spacing in energy between steps with the association of an element analysis.
- this degrader is positioned where the envelope of the beam has a constriction ("waist").
- the curvature of the input and output faces of the degrader defined by the height of the steps or not discrete, is designed so that the "waist" always occupies for each step or not the ideal position with respect to entrance and exit faces without the need for change from one step to another the setting parameters of beam transport and in particular the position of the "Waist".
- the energy degrader has steps or not of variable width, the width of a step being defined as the distance between two successive steps.
- This width must be adjusted way to be slightly larger than the diameter of the beam at the entrance or exit of the degrader, which means that the width of said steps or not great thickness will be greater than the width of said steps or not thin.
- the material constituting the degrader of energy must have a high density and a low atomic mass.
- Examples may be the diamond, the agglomerated diamond powder or graphite.
- the degrader is mounted on a automated wheel that also includes elements of beam diagnosis such as monitors the profile of the beam, beam stops, etc.
- Figures 1a and 1b show a degrader used in the device according to this invention essentially consisting of a block of material whose thickness is variable in discrete steps.
- This energy degrader will make it possible to determine coarse the value of the desired energy.
- an analysis magnet located downstream of the latter to allow adjustment finer the value of the desired energy.
- the energy degrader according to the invention has a shape in "staircase", for which each step or “step” presents a different thickness corresponding to a variation determined energy, the thickness E1 + E2 being defined like the distance between the entrance face and the face of output of the particle beam.
- the width L of the steps successive is also variable, and is growing in function of the thickness of said steps.
- the third parameter is the height H of one step or step to another.
- This block of variable thickness is preferably presented in the form of a ring arranged on a wheel. This eliminates the discreet nature of the degrader while maintaining a parallelism of the faces input and output of said degrader, thereby minimize the energy dispersion of the beam.
- the step of variation of energy is determined in such a way that the decrease in beam intensity reaches a maximum x% (typically 10%) at the edges of each step.
- a maximum x% typically 10%
- the imposition of this constraint makes it possible to calculate the upper limit in energy Es for a given step, which is also at the lower limit in energy for the next step ( Figure 2).
- An iterative calculation defines the number of "steps" required to obtain a continuous variation of energy between maximum values (that of the beam extracted from the accelerator) and minimal (the lowest energy that will be used in the of the application in question)
- invention a variation in energy continuously in having, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, an analysis magnet downstream of the degrader, this despite the fact that the thickness of the degrader varies by step discreet.
- the principle is that because of the important energy dispersion associated with straggling, the degrader will only define energy in a way coarse, fine tuning being done downstream, using the analysis magnet.
- variable thickness of the degrader will be located exactly where the envelope of the beam shows a strangulation (ie the place where the beam has the smallest spatial extension, place called the "waist").
- the beam must therefore be focused in the degrader, and every thick part variable of the degrader, that is to say each "step" corresponding to a given energy reduction, is located in a place such as the distance between the face entrance to the march and the location of the focus of the beam (ie the waist) exactly corresponds to the distance that minimizes beam output emittance as calculated by the transport equations and the diffusion theory.
- An important aspect of the present invention is that we do not change the beam optics, and especially the position of the waist, depending on the variation of energy that we want to produce. Thanks to the appropriate curvature of the input and output faces (ie thanks to the shape of the "stairs" of entrance and exit), the waist remains static in space and occupies always, for each step, the ideal position by relative to the entrance and exit faces of the step.
- E1 is not necessarily equal to E2 as shown in Figure 1c.
- the degrader is composed of a material of very low atomic mass and density to reduce the effects of multiple scattering.
- This wheel is automated and controlled at distance so as to place, on the path of the beam incident, the part of the degrader (the “step") the thickness corresponds to the energy loss that we wish to provoke.
- Figure 3 shows a diagram of device for use in proton therapy. he has been sized to allow for variation continuous, in the range 70 MeV - 230 MeV, the energy of a proton beam of fixed energy (about 230 MeV) produced by a cyclotron.
- the device includes the degrader 1 mounted on an automated wheel made of graphite. He is consists of 154 "steps”. Also on this wheel of the control elements of the characteristics of the beam such as beam profile monitors 4 as well as beam stops 3.
- the set includes in in addition to the frame 6, correction magnets (5, "steering") and power cables 2 in addition to a few connectors.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Particle Accelerators (AREA)
- Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
Description
- Les figures 1a et 1b
- représentent respectivement une vue en perspective et une vue par le dessus d'un dégradeur d'énergie utilisé dans le procédé de variation d'énergie d'un faisceau de particules selon la présente invention, tandis que la figure 1c représente un agrandissement d'une partie de la figure 1b.
- La figure 2
- représente la variation de la densité du courant en fonction de l'énergie pour un faisceau de protons.
- La figure 3
- représente une vue globale du dispositif selon la présente invention utilisé en protonthérapie.
Claims (11)
- Dispositif destiné à permettre la variation de l'énergie d'un faisceau de particules extraites d'un accélérateur de particules comprenant un dégradeur d'énergie constitué essentiellement d'un bloc de matière dont l'épaisseur (E1 + E2) est variable de manière discrète par pas, caractérisé en ce que l'espacement en énergie des pas est variable et est déterminé de manière que la variation de l'intensité du faisceau atteigne, à la frontière entre deux pas consécutifs, un maximum de 15%, et de préférence un maximum de 10%, de l'intensité maximale obtenue à la sortie de chacun des deux pas adjacents considérés.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les faces d'entrée et de sortie au niveau de chaque pas discret du dégradeur d'énergie sont parallèles.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le dégradeur est positionné à l'endroit où l'enveloppe du faisceau présente un étranglement.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la courbure des faces qui constituent la hauteur (H) des pas discrets du dégradeur pour l'entrée et la sortie du dégradeur est dessinée de manière que 1'endroit où l'enveloppe du faisceau présente un étranglement se positionne pour chaque pas de manière idéale par rapport aux faces d'entrée et de sortie de manière à minimiser l'émittance du faisceau.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dégradeur présente des pas de largeur (L) variable, la largeur de chaque pas étant déterminée de manière à être légèrement plus grande que le diamètre du faisceau à l'entrée ou à la sortie du dégradeur.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la largeur (L) des pas est croissante en fonction de l'épaisseur desdits pas.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dégradeur est réalisé en une matière de forte densité et de faible masse atomique telle que le diamant, la poudre de diamant agglomérée, le graphite.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dégradeur est monté sur une roue automatisée.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la roue sur laquelle est monté le dégradeur présente des éléments de diagnostic du faisceau tels que des moniteurs du profil du faisceau et/ou des arrêts du faisceau.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on associe un dispositif d'analyse du faisceau tel qu'un aimant d'analyse au dégradeur d'énergie.
- Utilisation du dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes pour faire varier l'énergie de manière quasi continue à la sortie d'un accélérateur de particules, et en particulier d'un accélérateur de particules à énergie fixe tel qu'un cyclotron.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE9800913A BE1012358A5 (fr) | 1998-12-21 | 1998-12-21 | Procede de variation de l'energie d'un faisceau de particules extraites d'un accelerateur et dispositif a cet effet. |
BE9800913 | 1998-12-21 | ||
PCT/BE1999/000166 WO2000038486A1 (fr) | 1998-12-21 | 1999-12-20 | Dispositif de variation de l'energie d'un faisceau de particules extraites d'un accelerateur |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1145605A1 EP1145605A1 (fr) | 2001-10-17 |
EP1145605B1 true EP1145605B1 (fr) | 2005-05-04 |
Family
ID=3891579
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99961998A Expired - Lifetime EP1145605B1 (fr) | 1998-12-21 | 1999-12-20 | Dispositif de variation de l'energie d'un faisceau de particules extraites d'un accelerateur |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6433336B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1145605B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2002533888A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1203730C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE295062T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU1850700A (fr) |
BE (1) | BE1012358A5 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2354071C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69925165T2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2000038486A1 (fr) |
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JP3577201B2 (ja) * | 1997-10-20 | 2004-10-13 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 荷電粒子線照射装置、荷電粒子線回転照射装置、および荷電粒子線照射方法 |
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- 1998-12-21 BE BE9800913A patent/BE1012358A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 1999-12-20 EP EP99961998A patent/EP1145605B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-20 DE DE69925165T patent/DE69925165T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-20 WO PCT/BE1999/000166 patent/WO2000038486A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1999-12-20 CN CNB998148547A patent/CN1203730C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-20 CA CA002354071A patent/CA2354071C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-20 US US09/868,461 patent/US6433336B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 1999-12-20 AU AU18507/00A patent/AU1850700A/en not_active Abandoned
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DE69925165T2 (de) | 2006-01-12 |
CA2354071C (fr) | 2008-02-19 |
DE69925165D1 (de) | 2005-06-09 |
BE1012358A5 (fr) | 2000-10-03 |
EP1145605A1 (fr) | 2001-10-17 |
WO2000038486A1 (fr) | 2000-06-29 |
JP2002533888A (ja) | 2002-10-08 |
ATE295062T1 (de) | 2005-05-15 |
CN1331903A (zh) | 2002-01-16 |
CN1203730C (zh) | 2005-05-25 |
US6433336B1 (en) | 2002-08-13 |
CA2354071A1 (fr) | 2000-06-29 |
AU1850700A (en) | 2000-07-12 |
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