EP3216127A2 - Dispositif et procédé de détection d'un contact avec le volant - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de détection d'un contact avec le volant

Info

Publication number
EP3216127A2
EP3216127A2 EP15823496.3A EP15823496A EP3216127A2 EP 3216127 A2 EP3216127 A2 EP 3216127A2 EP 15823496 A EP15823496 A EP 15823496A EP 3216127 A2 EP3216127 A2 EP 3216127A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steering wheel
capacitor
electrical conductor
reference capacitor
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP15823496.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Jürgen BOSSLER
Martin Kreuzer
Guido Hirzmann
Alexander Lammers
Helga Heist
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Automotive Safety Systems Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
TRW Automotive Safety Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TRW Automotive Safety Systems GmbH filed Critical TRW Automotive Safety Systems GmbH
Publication of EP3216127A2 publication Critical patent/EP3216127A2/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/04—Hand wheels
    • B62D1/046—Adaptations on rotatable parts of the steering wheel for accommodation of switches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/04—Hand wheels
    • B62D1/06—Rims, e.g. with heating means; Rim covers
    • B62D1/065—Steering wheels with heating and ventilating means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/24—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance
    • G01D5/241—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance by relative movement of capacitor electrodes
    • G01D5/2417—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance by relative movement of capacitor electrodes by varying separation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/945—Proximity switches
    • H03K17/955—Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/96—Touch switches
    • H03K17/962—Capacitive touch switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
    • H03K2217/96—Touch switches
    • H03K2217/9607—Capacitive touch switches
    • H03K2217/96071—Capacitive touch switches characterised by the detection principle
    • H03K2217/960725—Charge-transfer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for detecting a steering wheel contact.
  • the invention further relates to a method for detecting a steering wheel touch by means of such a device.
  • CONFIRMATION COPY DE 10 2012 024 903 A1 shows a sheet with a carrier, at least two electrical functional elements and at least one seam, in which the strand-shaped functional elements are integrated. Such a sheet is intended to be used in particular in electrical heaters.
  • the object of the invention is to enable a reliable and robust detection of a steering wheel touch.
  • the device according to the invention for detecting a steering wheel contact comprises at least one first electrode arranged in a steering wheel, which forms at least one sensor capacitor together with a human body functioning as a second electrode and an intervening dielectric.
  • the device according to the invention further comprises an evaluation circuit with a reference capacitor of known capacitance, which is switchable parallel to the sensor capacitor, a DC voltage source which can be connected to the reference capacitor, and a measuring device for measuring the voltage at the reference capacitor.
  • the device according to the invention sees an "open" system before, in which the human body is used as a second capacitor electrode.
  • the capacitance of the sensor capacitor thus formed changes significantly.
  • the structure of the evaluation device according to the invention makes possible a reliable and robust detection of a steering wheel contact even under varying conditions, in particular in the With regard to temperature (drift), humidity, etc.
  • the typical problems in the monitoring of resonant circuits do not occur in the device according to the invention, since only working with DC voltage, which can be tapped advantageous from the electrical system, and no frequencies must be measured.
  • the device according to the invention is overall very cost-effective and easily scalable. The results of the evaluation can be transferred to various vehicle assistance systems in order to influence their control accordingly.
  • the compact design of the evaluation circuit contributes to the fact that it can at least partially be arranged on a chip.
  • the arrangement of the reference capacitor on a chip is advantageous because the chip provides protection against external influences.
  • the at least one first electrode of the sensor capacitor is formed in the preferred embodiments of the invention by an arranged in a steering wheel rim of the steering wheel electrical conductor.
  • the electrical conductor from which the first electrode is formed may comprise one or more wires, wherein it is z. B. may be commercially available enameled wires. In principle, wires can be easily bent and placed in a form suitable for an electrode. As an electrical conductor but also one or more conductive strips or bundles of several strands can be used.
  • the electrical conductor to an electrically conductive paint or an electrically conductive paste.
  • the application of such a varnish or paste to a support allows a free shaping of the first electrode.
  • Another advantage is that the paint or the paste before the foaming on the blank, which later forms the foam around the steering wheel skeleton, can be applied or introduced into the tool. This may have procedural advantages over a subsequent introduction of the first electrode.
  • Another way to provide the electrical conductor for the first electrode is to use a (prefabricated) metal plate or foil.
  • the electrical conductor is disposed within a foam surrounding a steering wheel skeleton. There, the electrical conductor is largely protected against mechanical stress and other disturbing influences.
  • the outer, facing away from the steering wheel skeleton part of the foam surrounds a part of the dielectric of the sensor capacitor, which is advantageous in view of the insulating properties of the foam.
  • the electrical conductor is applied to a foam surrounding a steering wheel skeleton.
  • the electrical conductor can be applied either on the inner side facing the steering wheel skeleton or on the outside facing away from the steering wheel skeleton.
  • a leather or synthetic leather sheathing be arranged.
  • sheathing should also decorative attachments z.
  • plastic, wood material, textile, etc. include.
  • the electrical conductor can run essentially along the toroidal circumferential direction of the steering wheel rim or essentially along the poloidal circumferential direction of the steering wheel rim. "Substantially” is intended here to mean that curvatures are permitted or even desired as long as the electrical conductor as a whole extends in the particular direction mentioned.
  • the electrical conductor is part of a metallic fabric or a metallic knitwear.
  • Such fabrics or knits are more flexible in comparison to metal plates and better conform to their bearing surface.
  • the electrical conductor is applied to a carrier, in particular on a textile, a mat or a film.
  • the electrical conductor which is preferably formed in the latter case by thread-like wires, can be attached as in embroidering by means of pulling or sewing on one or both sides of the carrier.
  • Such electrically conductive fabrics have been proven, inter alia, in electric steering wheel heating, but can also be used as a capacitor electrode within the scope of the invention.
  • the electrical conductor from which the first electrode of the sensor capacitor is formed, does not necessarily consist of a metal or a metal alloy.
  • the electrical conductor can also be formed from a semiconductor material.
  • a passive shield may be provided by a metallic skeleton of the steering wheel or an electrical conductor disposed between the steering wheel skeleton and the first electrode, which is at a constant potential or grounded.
  • An active shielding can be achieved in that the evaluation circuit is set up such that a metallic skeleton of the steering wheel or an electrical conductor arranged between the steering wheel skeleton and the first electrode is charged to a predetermined potential when the sensor capacitor and the reference capacitor are connected in parallel.
  • the invention provides a plurality of distributed over the steering wheel rim arranged first electrodes, which are galvanically separated from each other. In this way, the number of evaluable sensor capacitors is increased accordingly. Depending on the number and arrangement of the first electrodes, conclusions can be given about the specific location of the steering wheel contact. It is also possible to detect whether one or two hands are resting on the steering wheel, and also movement patterns can be detected.
  • the invention also provides a method for detecting a steering wheel touch by means of the device according to the invention as defined above.
  • the procedure comprises the following, successive steps: - Charging the reference capacitor by applying a known reference voltage, or charging the reference capacitor and then measuring a first voltage on the reference capacitor;
  • the skillful inclusion of the reference capacitor with known constant capacitance ensures that even small changes in the capacitance of the sensor capacitor can be reliably detected.
  • the sensor capacitor Before charging the reference capacitor and the charge transfer from the reference capacitor to the sensor capacitor at least the sensor capacitor is completely discharged. Of course, during the charge transfer, the reference capacitor is disconnected from the DC source.
  • the time interval between the repetitions of the method steps should be as small as possible, preferably in the millisecond range.
  • the evaluation can be used for a reproducible detection of a steering wheel touch on at least one threshold for the capacitance of the sensor capacitor, which is preferably based on empirically determined empirical values.
  • the evaluation circuit can easily be extended to monitor several sensor capacitors, more precisely several first electrodes. This allows a more sophisticated, differentiated evaluation, which goes beyond the mere detection of a steering wheel touch. Depending on the number and arrangement of the first electrodes can provide information about the specific location of the steering wheel touch. It is also possible to detect whether one or two hands are resting on the steering wheel, and also movement patterns can be detected.
  • FIG. 1 is a vehicle steering wheel with schematically illustrated, distributed electrodes arranged a device according to the invention for detecting a steering wheel contact;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic section through the rim of the steering wheel of Figure 1 with an enlarged detail
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an evaluation circuit of the device according to the invention.
  • At least one sensor capacitor is required, which is designed to be "open" in the device for detecting a steering wheel contact described below.
  • the first electrode 12 of the sensor capacitor is an electrically conductive surface which is arranged immovably in the steering wheel rim 14 and is not visible from the outside. (To illustrate, in the left half of FIG. 1, several points of the steering wheel rim 14 are schematically marked, at which first electrodes 12 can be located according to an exemplary arrangement Various possibilities of the design and arrangement of the first electrode 12 will be described in more detail later.
  • a second electrode represents the human body of the driver. Accordingly, the distance between the first electrode 12 and the second electrode is variable. The distance between the two electrodes is minimal when the driver, in particular his fingers or hand, touches the steering wheel 10 immediately above the first electrode 12.
  • the dielectric of the sensor capacitor is formed by the layers of the steering wheel rim 14, including the casing 20, radially outward of the first electrode 12, and optionally by the air between the casing 20 and the driver's hand.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through the steering wheel rim 14 including an enlarged detail.
  • a metallic steering wheel skeleton 16 is surrounded by a plastic foam 18, z.
  • the foam 18 is in turn covered by a sheath 20 made of leather, synthetic leather, wood, fabric, paint, plastic, rubber or other electrically non-conductive material.
  • the steering wheel rim 14 itself may have other components, but here are of minor importance.
  • At least one first electrode 12 is located in the rim 14 of the steering wheel. As can be seen in the detailed enlargement of FIG. 2, this can be formed by a plurality of interconnected wires 22 which are arranged inside the foam casing 18. Instead of a plurality of wires 22, only a single, possibly multi-twisted wire 22 may be provided. For the sake of simplicity, the following will always assume a plurality.
  • the wires 22 extend longitudinally to the toroidal circumferential direction T of the steering wheel rim 14.
  • the wires 22 can equally well run transversely thereto and wind completely or at least partially in the poloidal circumferential direction P about the steering wheel skeleton 16.
  • a wave or meandering course should be included in each case. It is important in any case that the wires 22 are arranged overall so that they form a total of more or less an electrically conductive surface that can act as a capacitor electrode.
  • the wires 22 do not rest on the inside and / or outside of the skirt 18, where they may slip or be sensed by the driver, but are disposed within the foam 18.
  • the wires 22 can be introduced into the foam casing 18 either before or after foaming. In the latter case, the foam 18 must be cut later.
  • a special method of insertion can be used which allows for a fast and uniform laying of the wires 22. In this case, the wires 22 are introduced into the cut at the same time as cutting the foam casing 18 at the same time, so that no additional working step is required in order, for example, to disassemble the cut edges for inserting the wires 22 again.
  • the wires 22 may be coated with an insulating lacquer layer (eg, enameled copper wire) and / or may be part of a metallic fabric or a metallic knit fabric.
  • an insulating lacquer layer eg, enameled copper wire
  • the term "woven and knitted fabric” is intended to generally mean here any more or less two-dimensional structure of wires or the like, in particular single-layered or multi-layered woven fabrics as well as knitted fabrics and knitted fabrics.
  • the wires 22 may also be applied to a carrier.
  • a sheet is suitable, as used in an electric steering wheel heating.
  • Such a sheet has a carrier, which may preferably be flat and at least partially a textile, a mat or a film.
  • the wires 22 may be fastened like threads by pulling or sewing on one or both sides of the support.
  • the course and area occupied by the wires 22 on the carrier should be chosen so that they can function as a capacitor electrode.
  • other electrical conductors such as electrically conductive bands, bundles of multiple strands or the like, may be used to form the first electrode 12.
  • the first electrode 12 is formed from an electrically conductive lacquer or an electrically conductive paste.
  • the paint or paste can basically on the steering wheel skeleton 16 facing inside or on the outside of the foam 18, z. B. directly under the Ummante- ment 20, be applied. In the latter case, the paint or paste can be applied directly to the blank before it is foamed.
  • Another possible embodiment of the first electrode 12 is a metal plate or foil which is inserted between the foam casing 18 and the casing 20.
  • a semiconductor material can also be used for the electrical conductor.
  • a spatial resolution is desired in the detection of steering wheel touch, according to the schematic representation of the left half of Figure 1, a plurality of distributed in the toroidal circumferential direction T of the steering wheel rim arranged first electrodes 12 may be provided, which are monitored simultaneously.
  • the first electrodes 12 may also be distributed (still) in the circumferential poloidal direction P of the steering wheel rim 14 and / or arranged only at locations of the steering wheel rim 14 selected according to specific criteria.
  • the detection of a steering wheel contact by the driver using the arranged in the steering wheel rim 14 first electrode 12 will be described.
  • the detection is based on the capacitance change of the sensor capacitor, which occurs when the driver acting as the second electrode, in particular his hand or finger, approaches the first electrode 12.
  • FIG. 3 shows the basic structure of an evaluation circuit 24, which is used in the device described here.
  • the sensor capacitor is here generally symbolized by 26. Its second electrode variable in the distance to the first electrode 12, which is formed by the driver's human body, is designated here by 36.
  • the sensor capacitor 26 can be connected in parallel with at least one reference capacitor 30.
  • the reference capacitor 30 has a known capacitance C Re f and can be arranged together with other components of the evaluation circuit 24 on a chip (IC), for example as part of an analog-to-digital converter.
  • the capacitance C Ref of the reference capacitor 30 is chosen such that it lies approximately in the region of the capacitance C Se n of the sensor capacitor 26 when a steering wheel contact takes place.
  • a DC voltage source 34 can be connected to the reference capacitor 30 via a second switch 32. By means of a measuring device, in each case the voltage at the reference capacitor 30 can be measured.
  • the reference capacitor 30 can be charged and, after charging, a first voltage on the reference capacitor 30 can be measured, which for the sake of simplicity is also referred to as U Ref1 .
  • the reference capacitor 30 is disconnected from the DC voltage source 34 and connected in parallel with the sensor capacitor 26, which was previously completely discharged. In this switching state, a charge compensation takes place, in which a part of the charge Q of the reference capacitor 30 is transferred to the parallel-connected sensor capacitor 26. For this charge transfer about 20 milliseconds are estimated.
  • a more complex evaluation makes it possible to detect an approach to the steering wheel 10 or a distance from the steering wheel 10. Also, a distinction between a touch / approach with the hand and a touch / approach with a finger can be made.
  • the evaluation of all sensor capacitors 26 thus formed can provide information about the location of the steering wheel 10 at which a contact takes place and whether one or two hands rest on the steering wheel 10.
  • gestures can also be recognized, such as a strum of a hand on the steering wheel rim 14th
  • the results of the evaluation can be fed to various vehicle assistance systems as input parameters.
  • the metallic steering wheel skeleton 16 or another electrical conductor disposed between the steering wheel skeleton 16 and the first electrode 12 can be used as a shield. Passive shielding is achieved by placing this electrical conductor at a constant potential or ground.
  • an active shield may be provided, in which this electrical conductor in the above-described parallel switching sensor capacitor 26 and reference capacitor 30 is charged to a suitable for noise suppression potential.
  • the first electrode 12 of the sensor capacitor 26 may simultaneously be a heating element of a steering wheel heater, or it may be connected to such or similar device. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one first electrode 12 may also be arranged on the airbag module of the steering wheel 10, in particular in or under its upper cover.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Steering Controls (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de détection d'un contact avec le volant, comportant au moins une première électrode (12) disposée dans un volant (10), formant au moins un condensateur de détection (26) avec un corps humain fonctionnant comme deuxième électrode et un diélectrique situé entre la première électrode et le corps humain. Le dispositif comporte également un circuit d'évaluation (24) comprenant un condensateur de référence (30) de capacité connue, pouvant être monté en parallèle avec le condensateur de détection (26), une source de tension continue (34) pouvant être connectée au condensateur de référence (30) et un dispositif de mesure destiné à mesurer la tension sur le condensateur de référence (30). Un procédé de détection d'un contact avec le volant au moyen d'un tel dispositif comporte les étapes consécutives suivantes; chargement d'un condensateur de référence (30) par application d'une tension de référence connue ou chargement du condensateur de référence (30) et mesure consécutive d'une première tension sur le condensateur de référence (30); montage du condensateur de détection (26) en parallèle avec le condensateur de référence (30) de telle manière qu'une partie de la charge du condensateur de référence (30) est transmise au condensateur de détection (26); mesure d'une deuxième tension sur le condensateur de référence (30); et détermination de la capacité du condensateur de détection (26) à partir de la capacité connue du condensateur de référence (30), de la tension de référence ou de la première tension et de la deuxième tension.
EP15823496.3A 2014-11-07 2015-11-09 Dispositif et procédé de détection d'un contact avec le volant Ceased EP3216127A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014016422.5A DE102014016422A1 (de) 2014-11-07 2014-11-07 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erfassung einer Lenkradberührung
PCT/EP2015/002240 WO2016071002A2 (fr) 2014-11-07 2015-11-09 Dispositif et procédé de détection d'un contact avec le volant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3216127A2 true EP3216127A2 (fr) 2017-09-13

Family

ID=55129806

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15823496.3A Ceased EP3216127A2 (fr) 2014-11-07 2015-11-09 Dispositif et procédé de détection d'un contact avec le volant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10501107B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3216127A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN107107939A (fr)
DE (1) DE102014016422A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016071002A2 (fr)

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WO2016071002A2 (fr) 2016-05-12
US10501107B2 (en) 2019-12-10
US20170334477A1 (en) 2017-11-23
DE102014016422A1 (de) 2016-05-12
WO2016071002A3 (fr) 2016-06-30

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