EP3211210B1 - Fuel injector - Google Patents
Fuel injector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3211210B1 EP3211210B1 EP17155942.0A EP17155942A EP3211210B1 EP 3211210 B1 EP3211210 B1 EP 3211210B1 EP 17155942 A EP17155942 A EP 17155942A EP 3211210 B1 EP3211210 B1 EP 3211210B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- valve element
- injector
- injection
- cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1873—Valve seats or member ends having circumferential grooves or ridges, e.g. toroidal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/06—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for preventing coking, e.g. of fuel injector discharge orifices or valve needles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel injector having the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.
- the fuel flow is interrupted by the fact that in the broadest sense pointed, conical needle presses with a sealing area in the vicinity of the base circle of the cone against another sealing area on the inside of a cone largely formed at the tip nozzle. Between the sealing area and the spray hole (the spray holes in multi-hole nozzles) there is a small dead volume.
- the needle is raised, so that the flow from the fuel is released in the direction of the injection hole.
- the needle is lowered again and the flow of fuel is stopped.
- German patent specification deals with this problem DE 10 2009 009 796 B3
- a method for diagnosis and / or control of internal combustion engines is known.
- cross-sectional changes in particular by coking of the injection holes are determined and it will be introduced at occurring cross-sectional changes corrective measures, in particular measures for cleaning the spray holes.
- a fuel injection device comprising a housing with a valve seat, with at least one fuel outlet device, which is arranged downstream of the valve seat, with at least one valve element, which cooperates with the housing-side valve seat and has a wall portion which the fuel Outlet opening is opposite.
- the object is achieved in that the wall of the valve element opposite the fuel outlet opening is at least approximately parallel to the wall of the housing in the region of the fuel outlet opening.
- the present invention has the object to show a fuel injector, in which a coking of the injection holes and the injector tip (nozzle) is avoided.
- the fuel is sucked back into the cylinder of the internal combustion engine due to the rebounding elasticity of the invention in the spray holes after fuel injection, whereby at least one negative meniscus is formed on the fuel surface in the spray hole. It can also go so far that the injection hole, or the injection holes are partially emptied of fuel by sucking back. As a result, no fuel from the spray hole can reach the surface of the nozzle and coke or burn there. Another advantage is the reduced coking tendency of the spray hole itself. With the measure according to the invention, the future emission laws be met more easily without any additional expensive additional measures.
- the elasticity is generated by a material weakening.
- the material weakening is generated by an outer radial circumferential annular groove 6 in the injector 2.
- FIG. 2 shows a section through a tip of a fuel injector 1 according to the invention for a second example.
- the object in FIG. 2 is different from the object in FIG. 1 in that the elasticity is generated by a material weakening by a radially outer circumferential annular groove 6 in the valve element 4.
- a dead volume 8 downstream of the sealing seat 5 between the injector housing 2 and the valve element 4 there is a dead volume 8, by which the sucking back of the fuel from the injection hole 3 is assisted.
- a resiliently shaped sealing region 5 slightly spring-mounted needle tip 4 in the fuel nozzle 2.
- an elastically designed needle tip 4 possibly by a circumferential groove, which gives the needle tip 4 the function of a, in the broadest sense of a spring plate or a suitable material pairing (partially softer material) for the needle tip 4 and / or the fuel nozzle 2 in the region of Sealing area 5.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kraftstoffinjektor mit den Merkmalen aus dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a fuel injector having the features of the preamble of
Aktuelle Hochdruck-Einspritzinjektoren für Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere für Benzin-Direkteinspritzung, werden derzeit auf dem Markt grundsätzlich entweder als Spritzlochinjektoren angeboten, bei denen sich die Düsennadel nach innen hin öffnet oder als Ringspaltinjektoren, bei denen sich die Düsennadel nach außen hin öffnet. Als Antrieb dienen in der Regel entweder ein Magnet-Aktor oder ein Piezo-Aktor. Die am Weitesten verbreitete Bauform ist ein magnetisch angetriebener Spritzlochinjektor mit einer nach innen öffnender Nadel.Current high-pressure injection injectors for internal combustion engines, in particular for gasoline direct injection, are currently offered on the market either as injection injectors in which the nozzle needle opens inwards or as annular gap injectors, in which the nozzle needle opens to the outside. As drive usually serve either a solenoid actuator or a piezo actuator. The most widespread design is a magnetically driven injection hole injector with an inwardly opening needle.
Bei dieser Bauform wird der Kraftstoffzufluss dadurch unterbrochen, dass eine im Weitesten Sinne spitze, kegelförmige Nadel mit einem Dichtbereich in der Nähe des Grundkreises des Kegels gegen einen weiteren Dichtbereich auf der Innenseite einer an der Spitze weitestgehend kegelförmig ausgebildeten Düse drückt. Zwischen dem Dichtbereich und dem Spritzloch (den Spritzlöchern bei Mehrlochdüsen) befindet sich ein kleines Totvolumen. Zur Einspritzung wird die Nadel angehoben, so dass der Durchfluss vom Kraftstoff in Richtung Spritzloch freigegeben wird. Zur Beendigung der Kraftstoffeinspritzung wird die Nadel wieder gesenkt und der Durchfluss von Kraftstoff gestoppt.In this design, the fuel flow is interrupted by the fact that in the broadest sense pointed, conical needle presses with a sealing area in the vicinity of the base circle of the cone against another sealing area on the inside of a cone largely formed at the tip nozzle. Between the sealing area and the spray hole (the spray holes in multi-hole nozzles) there is a small dead volume. For injection, the needle is raised, so that the flow from the fuel is released in the direction of the injection hole. To terminate the fuel injection, the needle is lowered again and the flow of fuel is stopped.
Nach Beenden der Einspritzung sind somit das gesamte Totvolumen sowie auch der gesamte Innenbereich des Spritzloches (der Spritzlöcher) mit Kraftstoff gefüllt. An der Außenseite der Spritzlöcher, die weitgehend in einen Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine ragen, kommt es nun dazu, dass Kraftstoff vom Spritzlochrand aufgrund verschiedener physikalischer Effekte, wie z.B. dem Kapillareffekt, auf die äußere Oberfläche der Düse gelangt und dort entweder verbrennt, kaltverbrennt, sauerstoffarm verbrennt oder verkohlt. Hierdurch entsteht eine große Anzahl von Russpartikel im Abgas, was sich negativ auf das Erreichen einer Emissionsgesetzgebung, wie z. B. EU 6c auswirkt. Dies ist in nachteiliger Weise sogar der Fall, wenn durch eine optimierte Gestaltung von Nadel und Düse das Totvolumen minimiert wird.After completion of the injection thus the total dead volume and also the entire interior of the spray hole (the injection holes) are filled with fuel. On the outside of the injection holes, which largely protrude into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, it now happens that fuel from the spray hole edge due to various physical effects, such. the capillary effect, reaches the outer surface of the nozzle where it either burns, burns cold, low-oxygen burns or charred. This results in a large number of soot particles in the exhaust gas, which has a negative impact on the achievement of emissions legislation, such. B. EU 6c effects. This is disadvantageously even the case when the dead volume is minimized by an optimized design of the needle and nozzle.
Mit diesem Problem befasst sich beispielsweise die Deutsche Patentschrift
Auch wenn ein derartiges Verfahren beim Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine von großem Vorteil ist, so wäre es besser, die Verkokung der Spritzlöcher eines Kraftstoffinjektors für eine Brennkraftmaschine zu vermeiden.Although such a method is of great advantage in the operation of the internal combustion engine, it would be better to avoid the coking of the injection holes of a fuel injector for an internal combustion engine.
Weitere gattungsgemäße Kraftstoffinjektoren sind aus dem Deutschen Patent
Weiter ist mit der Deutschen Offenlegungsschrift
Auch wenn dieser bekannte Kraftstoffinjektor das Emissions- und Verbrauchsproblem einigermaßen löst, liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe vor, einen Kraftstoffinjektor aufzuzeigen, bei dem ein Verkoken der Spritzlöcher und der Injektorspitze (Düse) vermieden ist.Although this known Kraftstoffinjektor solves the emissions and consumption problem reasonably, the present invention has the object to show a fuel injector, in which a coking of the injection holes and the injector tip (nozzle) is avoided.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch das Merkmal im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the feature in the characterizing part of
Durch die Erfindung wird in den Spritzlöchern der Kraftstoff nach erfolgter Kraftstoff-Einspritzung in den Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine aufgrund der rückfedernden erfindungsgemäßen Elastizität etwas zurückgesaugt, wodurch mindestens ein negativer Meniskus an der Kraftstoff-Oberfläche im Spritzloch entsteht. Es kann auch so weit gehen, dass das Spritzloch, bzw. die Spritzlöcher teilweise von Kraftstoff durch Rücksaugen entleert werden. Dadurch kann kein Kraftstoff aus dem Spritzloch auf die Oberfläche der Düse gelangen und dort verkoken oder verbrennen. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist die reduzierte Verkokungsneigung des Spritzlochs selbst. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahme können die zukünftigen Emissionsgesetze leichter erfüllt werden ohne gegebenenfalls weiterer teurer Zusatzmaßnahmen.Due to the invention, the fuel is sucked back into the cylinder of the internal combustion engine due to the rebounding elasticity of the invention in the spray holes after fuel injection, whereby at least one negative meniscus is formed on the fuel surface in the spray hole. It can also go so far that the injection hole, or the injection holes are partially emptied of fuel by sucking back. As a result, no fuel from the spray hole can reach the surface of the nozzle and coke or burn there. Another advantage is the reduced coking tendency of the spray hole itself. With the measure according to the invention, the future emission laws be met more easily without any additional expensive additional measures.
Im Folgenden ist die Erfindung anhand von 3 Figuren mit 2 Ausführungsbeispielen und zwei Bestromungsdiagrammen eines Kraftstoffinjektors näher erläutert.
Figur 1- zeigt einen Schnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffinjektor für ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel.
Figur 2- zeigt einen Schnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffinjektor für ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel.
Figur 3- zeigt in einem Diagramm eine Bestromung eines Kraftstoffinjektors gem. dem Stand der Technik und einem zweiten Diagramm eine Bestromung eines erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffinjektors.
- FIG. 1
- shows a section through a fuel injector according to the invention for a first embodiment.
- FIG. 2
- shows a section through a fuel injector according to the invention for a second embodiment.
- FIG. 3
- shows a graph of energization of a fuel injector acc. the prior art and a second diagram energization of a fuel injector according to the invention.
Im Folgenden gelten in den
In den
Erfindungsgemäß ist die Elastizität durch eine Materialschwächung erzeugt. Beispielsweise ist die Materialschwächung durch eine außen radial umlaufende Ringnut 6 in dem Injektorgehäuse 2 erzeugt.According to the invention, the elasticity is generated by a material weakening. For example, the material weakening is generated by an outer radial circumferential
In einem weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel, welches figürlich nicht dargestellt ist, kann die Elastizität auch durch einen weicheren Werkstoff in dem Injektorgehäuse 2 und/oder in dem Ventilelement 4 im Bereich des Dichtsitzes 5 erzeugt sein.In a further preferred embodiment, which is not shown figuratively, the elasticity can also be generated by a softer material in the
Bevorzugt befindet sich stromabwärts des Dichtsitzes 5 zwischen dem Injektorgehäuse 2 und dem Ventilelement 4 ein Totvolumen 8, durch welches das Rücksaugen des Kraftstoffs aus dem Spritzloch 3 unterstützt wird.Preferably, downstream of the sealing
Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Rückfedern des Ventilelements 4 in geschlossenem Zustand von dem nicht dargestellten Stellelement (Piezo- oder Magnet-Aktor) unterstützt. Dies ist in
Über eine y-Achse ist jeweils ein Bestromungsstrom I (t) für das Stellelement und über eine x-Achse ist die Zeit t dargestellt. Direkt auf der Zeitachse x ist das Stellelement unbestromt (I = 0), SOI bedeutet "start of injection" (Start der Einspritzung), EOI bedeutet "end of injection" (Ende der Einspritzung). Durch Bestromen des Stellelements zum Zeitpunkt SOI wird das Ventilelement 4 von seinem Sitz abgehoben und der Kraftstoff tritt durch Spritzloch 3 in den Brennraum ein. Ab dem Zeitpunkt EOI ist das Stellelement unbestromt und das Ventilelement 4 verschließt wieder das Spritzloch 3. Dies entspricht im oberen Diagramm dem bekannten Stand der Technik.In each case, a current flow I (t) for the actuating element is shown via a y-axis, and the time t is shown over an x-axis. Directly on the time axis x, the actuator is de-energized (I = 0), SOI means "start of injection", EOI means "end of injection". By energizing the control element at the time SOI, the
Im zweiten Diagramm, unten, ist dieser Sachverhalt, nochmal verdeutlicht, jedoch ist auch eine Entlastung des Ventilelements 4 durch ein zeitlich nachgelagertes Bestromen des Stellelementes 4 dargestellt. In dieser erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform wird das Stellelement 4 nach EOI für einen definierten Zeitraum nochmals ein wenig bestromt, wodurch das Ventilelement 4 eine Entlastung zum Rücksaugen des Kraftstoffs aus dem Spritzloch 3 erfährt, ohne dass das Ventilelement 4 von dem Dichtsitz 5 abhebt und Kraftstoff in den Zylinder eingespritzt wird.In the second diagram, below, this fact is again clarified, but also a relief of the
Es wird somit erfindungsgemäß eine, durch einen elastisch gestalteten Dichtbereich 5 leicht federnd gelagerte Nadelspitze 4 in der Kraftstoffdüse 2 vorgeschlagen. Beispielsweise durch eine elastisch gestaltete Nadelspitze 4, durch gegebenenfalls eine umlaufende Rille, die der Nadelspitze 4 die Funktion eines, im weitesten Sinne eines Federtellers gibt oder eine geeignete Materialpaarung (partiell weicheres Material) für die Nadelspitze 4 und/oder die Kraftstoffdüse 2 im Bereich des Dichtbereichs 5.It is thus proposed according to the invention one, by a resiliently shaped sealing
Ebenfalls ist eine elektrische Ansteuerung des Stellelementes dahingehend denkbar, dass im Augenblick des Schließens der Nadelspitze 4 eine höhere Schließkraft auf die Nadelspitze 4 wirkt als in den daran anschließenden Zeitbereich im geschlossenen Zustand (
Mit dieser erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahme können die zukünftigen Emissionsgesetze leichter erfüllt werden ohne gegebenenfalls teure Zusatzmaßnahmen.With this measure according to the invention, the future emission laws can be met more easily without possibly expensive additional measures.
- 1. Kraftstoffinjektor1. Fuel injector
- 2. Injektorgehäuse2. Injector housing
- 3. Spritzloch3rd spray hole
- 4. Ventilelement4. Valve element
- 5. Dichtsitz5. sealing seat
- 6. Ringnut6. annular groove
- 7. erhabener Bereich7th raised area
- 8. Totvolumen8. Dead volume
Claims (2)
- A fuel injector (1) for injecting fuel directly into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, with an injector housing (2) on the end of which which in an installed state faces the cylinder an injection hole (3) is arranged, for introducing the fuel into the cylinder, wherein the injection hole (3) can be closed by a valve element (4), which is arranged in the injector housing (2) and the position of which can be changed by an actuating element, by means of a sealing seat (5), wherein fuel can flow through the injection hole (3) if the valve element (4) is in a position remote from the cylinder, wherein elasticity is introduced in a region of the sealing seat (5) in the valve element (4) and/or the injector housing (2), which elasticity is produced by a weakening of the material, wherein the weakening of the material is produced by an annular groove (6) in the injector housing (2) and/or in the valve element (4),
characterised in that springing-back of the valve element (4) in the closed state is supported by the actuating element by passing current through the actuating element. - A fuel injector according to Claim 1,
characterised in that there is a dead volume downstream from the sealing seat (5) between the injector housing (2) and the valve element (4).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016203028.0A DE102016203028A1 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2016-02-26 | fuel injector |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3211210A1 EP3211210A1 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
EP3211210B1 true EP3211210B1 (en) | 2019-06-12 |
Family
ID=58043932
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17155942.0A Active EP3211210B1 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2017-02-14 | Fuel injector |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3211210B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016203028A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19536330A1 (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1997-04-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection valve for IC engines |
DE10054183A1 (en) * | 2000-11-02 | 2002-05-29 | Siemens Ag | Injection needle with elastic needle tip |
DE10115216A1 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines |
DE10163908A1 (en) * | 2001-12-22 | 2003-07-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines |
DE10318989A1 (en) * | 2002-05-18 | 2003-11-27 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection valve, for an IC motor, has a ring groove at the valve needle in a constant hydraulic link with the fuel-filled pressure zone and its downstream edge acting a sealing edge, to reduce wear at the valve seat |
DE10300177A1 (en) | 2003-01-08 | 2004-07-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection device for internal combustion engine has wall section of valve element opposite fuel outlet arranged at least approximately parallel to housing wall near fuel outlet |
DE10354878A1 (en) * | 2003-11-24 | 2005-06-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection device, in particular for an internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection, and method for their preparation |
DE102005005713A1 (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2006-08-10 | Siemens Ag | Jet construction group with injection valve for internal combustion engine has two recesses in jet needle |
DE102006052817A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection valve for e.g. direct injection of fuel into combustion chamber of internal combustion engine, has valve seat body and closing body provided with rigidity-reducing element that is designed as recess i.e. circulating groove |
DE102007013247A1 (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2008-09-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sealing edge for conical seat valve |
DE102009009796B3 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2010-10-07 | L'orange Gmbh | Diesel internal-combustion engine diagnosing and/or controlling method, involves determining whether pressure difference of injection interval in opening phase and/or injection interval in closing phase exceeds preset value |
JP5708342B2 (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2015-04-30 | 株式会社デンソー | Valve device and fluid control valve using the same |
DE102012211283A1 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Leakage and slip reduced valve |
DE102014220104B3 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-01-28 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Fuel injection valve |
-
2016
- 2016-02-26 DE DE102016203028.0A patent/DE102016203028A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2017
- 2017-02-14 EP EP17155942.0A patent/EP3211210B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102016203028A1 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
EP3211210A1 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
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