EP3204229B1 - Method for adapting at least one print image to a printing material change in a printing machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for adapting at least one printed image to a change in substrate in a printing press. This process is carried out in a printing machine. The printing material is provided within a printing operation in printing units of the printing press with a printed image, such that a spanned on a printing form cylinder printing plate is colored and transfer the resulting print image on the guided on a printing cylinder substrate while the printed image resulting from the current printing process resulting strains of the substrate is adjusted.

If, in the area of the processing of sheet-shaped substrate, for example when printing sheet-like printing material, ie a printing sheet, this substrate is processed successively by several processing stages, the printing material is printed successively, for example, by a plurality of printing units and / or coating units. In this case, for example, by a rolling out of the substrate in cylinder gaps and / or by a swelling of the substrate by liquids, such as constituents of printing inks and / or dampening solution to a deformation of the substrate. This may result in a deviation between the layers related to the substrate, at which the individual processing steps act on the substrate. In the case of, for example, multicolor and / or multi-page printing, register errors and / or registration errors can result. An exact match of a print image on the front and back of a printed substrate printed on both sides is called register (DIN 16500-2). Multi-color printing is called the Passer (DIN 16500-2), when individual print images of different colors are combined exactly to a picture. The equivalent of the Passer is also the expression of the Color register used.

When printing on an exemplary sheet-fed press, coating material, for example printing ink, is transferred from a forme cylinder to a transfer cylinder and from the transfer cylinder to a printing material held by an impression cylinder. The geometric dimensions of the printed sheet change as a result of the printing ink and / or dampening solution and the pressure in the printing gap. The printing sheet is, for example, based on a transport direction of the printing substrate and / or a circumferential direction of the impression cylinder longer and / or initially at its trailing end in a transverse to the transport direction of the substrate oriented transverse direction and / or an axial direction of the impression cylinder wider. If the printing press consists of several printing units, this is done more or less pronounced, for example, in each printing unit, so that printed by subsequent printing units printed image deformed in comparison to the previously printed images in the circumferential direction, in particular appears shorter and / or narrower. This effect can be designed differently for each of the printing units, for example, which results in a high probability of register errors and / or register errors.

The DE 42 44 279 A1 a method for adjusting at least one cylinder elevator to a substrate change in a printing machine can be removed, in which a cylinder lift is arranged on the lateral surface of a printing forme cylinder in which by means of a movement of at least one clamping element in the axial direction and / or in the circumferential direction of the plate cylinder within the cylinder elevator a Tensile stress is built up.

The DE 10 2012 200 069 A1 is a method for adjusting at least one cylinder elevator to a substrate change in a printing machine can be removed, wherein in the printing operation of a control device, a respective one or more parts Clamping device of a printing forme cylinder controlled and by means of at least a portion of the clamping device, the position of the clamped printing form can be changed on the printing form cylinder.

In the DE 10 2012 207 103 A1 A solution to compensate for the longitudinal expansion of the substrate is presented. Here, the tension of the clamped pressure plate is increased and thus stretched in the longitudinal direction.

By the DE 10 2012 207 111 B3 a method for arranging a printing forme on a plate cylinder is known, wherein the plate cylinder has at least one channel in which at least one front clamping device and at least one rear clamping device are arranged, wherein the rear clamping device is part of at least one carriage, by means of at least one tensioning drive within the at least one channel along a clamping path on the at least one front clamping device is arranged to be movable, wherein in a first clamping step, at least one, mounted in a fixed relative to the cylindrical ball bearing, rear stop actuator is moved relative to the cylindrical bale in a Anschlagagsolllage and then wherein the at least one carriage by means of at least one clamping drive together with the in the at least one rear clamping device clamped rear end of the printing forme on the at least one front clamping device and the first channel wall is moved until at least one stop body touches the at least one rear stop actuator and then wherein a fixing device is clamped and the at least one carriage in its position holds.

From the DE 10 2008 023 728 A1 is known a solution in which the pressure plate end grasping clamping rail is divided into clamping segments. To compensate for the stretching of the printing material in the axial direction of the plate cylinder, the clamping segments are displaced to the outside.

From the DE 10 2007 057 455 A1 a cylinder lift manipulation device is known, which allows an automatic correction of geometry deviations in the printed image. This is done by using an image inspection device for the geometric measurement of printed substrates, which is connected to the machine control of the printing press. The printing press has a computer which processes the measurement results of the image inspection device and is able to perform a setpoint / actual value comparison. If deviations are detected, actuators are activated so that the deviations detected can be minimized. In this case, a plurality of actuators are arranged on the cylinder, so that the cylinder elevator over the entire print image can be selectively deformed. These actuators are partially driven electrically and may have rotary electric motors. Actuators are also proposed which have piezoelectric drives, electromagnetic lifting drives or electric linear motors. There are also mentioned actuators, at least partially work pneumatically.

By the DE 42 35 393 A1 a method for register adjustment on sheet-fed presses is known, in particular for circumferential, lateral, narrow pressure, Breiterdruck- and / or diagonal register adjustment, wherein the respective register is optically detected by machine on the substrate and the detection result for automatic automatic register adjustment is used. In this case, to determine which are on the print result affecting substrate influences (for example, sheet elongation, rolling the sheet across the print, narrow and wide printing) preferably distributed over the base of the arc arranged brands optically detected and evaluated their positions, the brands z. B. are arranged in corner regions of the corresponding arc.

By the DE 41 28 994 A1 a clamping and clamping device for printing machines is known, with which a clamped on a cylinder at one end pressure plate at the other end clamped by two strips and clamped by a clamping element, wherein a clamping bar and a clamping bar in the radial direction oppositely disposed clamping surfaces for detecting a having angled pressure plate, wherein the clamping bar is designed as a pivotable double lever, wherein by means of at least one actuating element, the clamping bar is pivotable against the force of clamping springs acting in the clamping direction, wherein the terminal block is designed as a pivotable connected to the clamping bar double lever, the clamping surface by clamping the clamping surface against the corresponding clamping surface of the clamping bar with the clamping force for holding the pressure plate presses and wherein the terminal block has a holding element which cooperates with a fixed stop such that the terminal block upon actuation of the Ste llelemente is pivoted against the force of the clamping springs, wherein in a machine with multiple printing units, the force of the tension springs of a printing unit in comparison to the force of the tension springs of the subsequent printing unit is preferably modified such that the printing plates have a difference in length, which corresponds to the difference in length caused by stretching of the substrate.

By the EP 1 644 192 B1 a method for influencing the fan-out effect by means of a device for influencing the fan-out effect and influencing the side register by means of a side register control / -regelung known, wherein initially evaluated to influence the fan-out effect, the image of a sensor is, which detects the print image on a scan width of at least a quarter of a web width, and a deviation from a setpoint input an actuator to influence the fan-out effect, a control command is transmitted to determine the fan-out pixels of two print image sections of a color separation of a particular Color with respect to its axial position with a reference position, in particular with a reference relative position, for the pixels of the two printed image sections are compared, being used as a reference position, the location of defined pixels or image areas of the color separation of this color from image data of the prepress, and wherein r correction of the fan-out effect and correction of the side register is based on measured values of the same sensor.

By the EP 0 812 683 A1 is a sheet-fed press known in the form cylinder own individual drives, which are mechanically decoupled from a main drive. Its speed is tracked, for example, a speed of a main drive of the sheet-fed press.

By means of such individual drives, it is possible errors in the register and / or register, which are based on changes in length of the substrate to reduce or prevent by a difference between a peripheral speed of the cylinder elevator to a peripheral speed of the substrate is made selectively and thus, for example, extends a print image targeted or shortened transmission. For this purpose, for example, a speed ratio between a forme cylinder and an associated Counter-pressure cylinder varies, for example cyclically.

By the post-published WO 2015/040136 A2 a method for adjusting a cylinder elevator to a substrate change in printing machines is known, wherein the printing machine has at least two printing units and the substrate is provided within a printing operation in the printing units with a printed image, such that a spanned on a printing form cylinder printing plate is colored and the like transferred print image is transferred to the guided on a cylinder substrate while the printed image is adapted to the resulting from the current printing process expansions of the substrate, wherein the adjustment of the cylinder elevator to the substrate change takes place under contact with the surface of at least one rotating body.

In the following, an example is shown in which in the relevant printing unit form cylinder and counter-pressure cylinder have substantially the same circumference. At circumferential lengths of the impression cylinder, which represent a multiple of the circumferential length of the forme cylinder, the angular velocity of the forme cylinder is correspondingly substantially larger by a corresponding integer factor than the angular velocity of the corresponding impression cylinder. For example, an angular velocity of a forme cylinder is reduced from an angular velocity of a transfer cylinder or at least a counter-pressure cylinder as long as a cylinder lift of the forme cylinder is in contact with the transfer cylinder and / or as long as the transfer cylinder is in contact with the substrate. As a result, a printed image is shown elongated on the substrate, for example, to counteract an elongation of the already applied to the substrate printed image by preceding cylinder column. Thereafter, the angular velocity of this forme cylinder is preferably increased to compensate for the angular velocity of the transfer cylinder or at least the impression cylinder, as long as the cylinder lift this Form cylinder due to a cylinder channel of the forme cylinder and / or a cylinder channel of the transfer cylinder is not in contact with the transfer cylinder and / or as long as the transfer cylinder due to the cylinder channel of the transfer cylinder and / or the position or shape of the impression cylinder is not in contact with the substrate , After a complete revolution, the relative angular position of the two cylinders is preferably identical again. As a result, in particular unintentional errors with respect to the printing lengths of the printed images of the individual printing inks can be compensated for in a targeted manner.

For example, in the case of forming cylinders having a circumference of a multiple of a section length of the substrate, one complete revolution of the forme cylinder may result in a multiple cycle of increased and reduced angular velocities, and thus a multiple capture of the original relative angular position.

In a change in a speed ratio between two adjacent cylinders, for example between a forme cylinder on the one hand and a transfer cylinder on the other hand or a transfer cylinder on the one hand and a counter-pressure cylinder on the other hand, it is necessary in any case that two directly adjacent cylinders rotate at times with different angular velocities and different peripheral speeds. Such adjacent cylinders usually have defined rolling surfaces, each rolling on each other and by a constant position of the axes of rotation of these cylinders is ensured to each other, especially in those situations in which a channel of one of these cylinders opposite to a lateral surface or a channel of another of these cylinders , As a result, vibrations are to be prevented by sudden force changes that would occur without these rolling surfaces at the beginning and at the end of a channel. Usually so-called bearer rings are used as these rolling surfaces. With changes in the speed ratio and thus mutually variable peripheral velocities but no more unrolling, but also one sliding contact between these rolling surfaces.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for adjusting at least one printed image to a substrate change in a printing press.

The object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1. The respective dependent claims relate to advantageous developments and / or embodiments of the respective solution found.

An advantage achievable with the invention is that several cylinder elevators are adjusted relative to one another, in particular if at least one of the cylinder elevators can not be compressed in the circumferential direction of the printing form cylinder carrying it.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung mehrerer Druckwerke einer Bogendruckmaschine;

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung eines Schnitts durch einen Formzylinder mit einer in einem Kanal angeordneten Spannvorrichtung;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung einer Draufsicht auf einen Kanal eines Formzylinders mit einer in dem Kanal angeordneten Spannvorrichtung;

Fig. 4

eine schematische Darstellung eines Schnitts durch einen Kanal eines Formzylinders mit einer anderen in dem Kanal angeordneten Spannvorrichtung;

Fig. 5

eine schematische Darstellung eines Schnitts durch einen Kanal eines Formzylinders mit einer anderen in dem Kanal angeordneten Spannvorrichtung;

Fig. 6

einen Druckbogen mit einem darauf ausgebildeten oder zumindest auszubildenden Druckbild;

Fig. 7

eine in dem Kanal an einer Position angeordnete Spannvorrichtung;

Fig. 8

einen Teilschnitt der durch eine Führungsschiene zwangsgeführten Spannvorrichtung;

Fig. 9

in den Teilfiguren a und b eine Darstellung der an einer Selbsthemmung der Spannvorrichtung beteiligten Kräfte;

Fig. 10

einen Teilschnitt des Formzylinders mit der in dem Kanal in Selbsthemmung angeordneten Spannvorrichtung;

Fig. 11

ein vereinfachtes Blockschaltbild zur Generierung von Korrekturwerten.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of several printing units of a sheet-fed press;

Fig. 2

a schematic representation of a section through a forme cylinder with a arranged in a channel clamping device;

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of a plan view of a channel of a forme cylinder with a arranged in the channel clamping device;

Fig. 4

a schematic representation of a section through a channel of a forme cylinder with another arranged in the channel clamping device;

Fig. 5

a schematic representation of a section through a channel of a forme cylinder with another arranged in the channel clamping device;

Fig. 6

a print sheet having a print image formed thereon or at least to be formed;

Fig. 7

a tensioning device disposed in the channel at a position;

Fig. 8

a partial section of forcibly guided by a guide rail tensioning device;

Fig. 9

in the sub-figures a and b is an illustration of the forces involved in a self-locking of the tensioning device;

Fig. 10

a partial section of the forme cylinder with the arranged in the channel self-locking jig;

Fig. 11

a simplified block diagram for the generation of correction values.

A processing machine for a sheet-shaped substrate, in particular a sheet processing machine, preferably has a substrate feeder, for example, a sheet feeder, and / or preferably a feeder, for example, called a sheet feeder, and / or preferably a substrate feeder, for example, a sheet feeder. The processing machine has at least one processing stage, also referred to as a work, and preferably several processing stages, also referred to as works.

The at least one movement is arranged between the substrate supply device and the substrate delivery device. The at least one work is as a printing unit 01; 02; 03 trained.

In the following, a sheet processing machine designed as a printing machine, in particular sheet-fed printing machine, will be described. However, the invention can be applied to other sheet processing machines which have a plurality of cylinders 07, preferably forme cylinders 07, in particular forme cylinders 07, each equipped with at least one cylinder lift 08 and / or can be loaded. In the case of, for example, cylinder plates 08 designed as plates, in particular printing plates, such forme cylinders 07 are preferably designed as plate cylinders 07. At least one of the works is printed as 01; 02; 03, in particular offset printing unit 01, 02, 03 formed. In addition, at least one coating unit or several coating units can be arranged downstream. In the case of several printing units 01; 02; 03 may also be provided the arrangement of one or more coating units between the printing units. The cylinder lift 08 is, for example, a printing plate 08 or a paint plate 08 or a paint cloth 08.

The in the Fig. 1 Sheet-fed printing machine illustrated by way of example preferably has a plurality of printing units 01 arranged in particular in series; 02; 03 on. Each of these printing units 01; 02; 03 preferably has at least one substrate-carrying cylinder 04, which is preferably designed as a cylinder 04, in particular as a sheet-guiding cylinder 04 and / or as a counter-pressure cylinder 04. Each of these printing units 01; 02; 03 further preferably also has at least one sheet transport device 05, which is preferably designed as a transfer drum 05 and more preferably as a transfer drum 05. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one sheet transport device 05 is designed as a transport cylinder and / or as a swing gripper. Preferably, the at least one sheet transport device 05 at least a sheet holding member, and more preferably a plurality of sheet holding members. The at least one sheet-holding element is preferably designed as at least one gripper and / or at least one sucker. Preferably, each of the impression cylinder 04 is at least one and preferably exactly one z. B. assigned as a transfer cylinder 06 trained cylinder 06, which is formed for example as a blanket cylinder 06. Each factory has at least one and more preferably exactly one cylinder 07 designed as a forme cylinder 07. Preferably, the at least one forme cylinder 07 is designed as a plate cylinder 07, in particular as a plate cylinder 07. The forme cylinder 07 is in particular preferably in contact with the transfer cylinder 06 during a printing operation. However, other methods are also conceivable in which the forme cylinder 07, for example, comes into direct contact with the substrate, for example in a flexographic printing process.

Preferably, at least one inking unit 09 is provided, which serves in particular to color at least one cylinder elevator 08 arranged on the forme cylinder 07. The at least one inking unit 09 preferably has at least one and more preferably a plurality of inking unit rollers 11 and at least one and preferably a plurality of inking rollers 10 which are in contact and / or engageable with the respective cylinder elevator 08. For example, the forme cylinder 07 is associated with a dampening unit 12, which preferably has at least one dampening roller 13, for example also several dampening rollers 13.

For example, the at least one cylinder elevator 08 is designed as a printing forme 08, in particular as a printing plate 08. In particular, in order to be able to arrange and / or fix the at least one cylinder elevator 08 on the forme cylinder 07 Shaping cylinder 07 preferably has at least one cylinder recess 14, which is designed, for example, as a cylinder channel 14 and / or is designated as a clamping channel 14. Preferably, at least one fastening device 15 is arranged within this at least one cylinder recess 14. The at least one fastening device 15 is designed, for example, as a holding device and / or as a tensioning device 15. The at least one fastening device 15 preferably serves at least to hold the at least one cylinder elevator 08 on the lateral surface of the relevant forme cylinder 07. In particular if the at least one fastening device 15 is at least designed as a tensioning device 15, this preferably also serves to tension the at least one cylinder elevator 08 on the relevant forme cylinder 07th

The at least one fastening device 15 preferably has at least one front fastening means 16. The at least one front fastening means 16 preferably serves for securing an end 17 of the cylinder elevator 08 leading at least in a printing operation. For example, the at least one front fastening means 16 is designed as at least one front clamping means 16. The at least one fastening device 15 preferably has at least one rear fastening means 18. The at least one rear attachment means 18 is preferably used for attachment of an at least trailing end 19 of the cylinder elevator 08 in the printing operation. For example, the at least one rear attachment means 18 is designed as at least one rear clamping means 18. Preferably, at least one movable clamping element 20 is arranged, which is further preferably arranged to be jointly movable at least together with the at least one rear fastening means 18. The at least one rear attachment means 18 is even more preferably at the same time as at least one movable clamping element 20 is formed.

A transverse direction A is preferably a transverse direction to a transport direction of the substrate, in particular horizontal direction A. The transverse direction A is preferably parallel For example, for clamping the respective cylinder elevator 08 in the circumferential direction B of the forme cylinder 07, the at least one tensioning element 20 is preferably arranged to be movable and / or displaceable orthogonal to the axial direction A. Preferably, a plurality of clamping elements 20 are arranged successively in a row relative to the axial direction A. More preferably, the at least one clamping device 15 more, in particular at least two and more preferably at least three clamping elements 20, which are preferably arranged in relation to the axial direction A successively arranged. Preferably, these plurality of clamping elements 20 serve a clamping of a common cylinder elevator 08. Preferably, the at least one clamping element 20 is movably arranged in and / or against the axial direction A, in particular relative to a bale 46 of the forme cylinder 07 and / or each other. In one embodiment, a relative to the axial direction A center clamping element 20 with respect to the axial direction A relative to the bale 46 of the forme cylinder 07 is fixedly arranged.

With the fastening device 15 different cylinder elevators 08 can be arranged on the forme cylinder 07, for example manually and / or at least partially or preferably fully automated, for example controlled by a control computer control, in particular controlled by a machine control and / or regulated and in particular by means of at least one drive. For example, to execute a z. B. is directed by a production planning system to the printing press print job or is the designated cylinder elevator 08, in particular a pressure plate 08, for example, provided in an elevator memory 21 to the printing press and preferably automatically supplied via a feed path to the forme cylinder 07 or at least fed. The elevator memory 21 is, for example, as a disc cartridge 21 or as a printing forme magazine of a respective printing unit 01; 02; 03 trained. The feed path is designed, for example, as a feed chute. Preferably, at least in the first Printing operation leading end 17 of the cylinder elevator 08 is inserted into the cylinder recess 14 of the respective forme cylinder 07 and in particular by means of at least one front fastening means 16 attached, in particular clamped. Then the cylinder elevator 08 is placed on a lateral surface of the bale 46 of the forme cylinder 07, for example by the forme cylinder 07 making a rotational movement about its axis of rotation 47. The at least trailing end 19 of the cylinder elevator 08 is fastened, for example clamped, to the at least one rear attachment means 18 and / or to the at least one tensioning element 20. Depending on the ratio of the length of the cylinder elevator 08 in the circumferential direction B to the periphery of the forme cylinder 07 leading in the printing operation end 17 and the trailing end 19 of the cylinder elevator 08 are held by a front fastening means 16 and a rear fastening means 18 in a the same or in different cylinder recesses 14 are arranged.

In the case of a printing press, a cylinder winding 08 clamped onto the forme cylinder 07 is preferably inked with paint and / or lacquer. A thereby resulting on the cylinder elevator 08 and to be transferred print image 32 is directly or preferably indirectly by means of the transfer cylinder 06 on the guided by the impression cylinder 04 substrate, for. B. transferred a sheet 31. Preferably, a register measurement is performed. If a registration measurement is mentioned in the preceding and / or following, then this is understood in particular to mean a measurement of a register and / or a measurement of a register or color register. The printed image 32 produced on the cylinder elevator 08 and / or a printed image 32 applied to the substrate and / or the respective cylinder elevator 08 itself is or are preferably adapted to the changes in the substrate resulting from the current printing process. This is preferably done both with respect to the axial direction A or transverse direction A and with respect to the circumferential direction B of the relevant cylinder 07, in particular forme cylinder 07.

A change in the dimension of the substrate in its transport direction and / or parallel to the circumferential direction B is preferably by a change in the dimension and in particular an elongation of at least one corresponding cylinder winding 08 in the circumferential direction B and / or by a controlled and / or controlled rotational movement of the forme cylinder 07 compensated, wherein a profile of an angular position of the respective plate cylinder 07 relative to an angular position of a printing material-carrying cylinder 04; 06 is controlled or regulated. The at least one rear attachment means 18, which is preferably designed as at least one tensioning element 20, preferably has at least one outer clamping element 23, for example designed as an outer clamping strip 23, and at least one inner clamping element 24 designed as an inner clamping strip 24. Preferably, the at least one inner clamping element 24 and the at least one outer clamping element 23 serve to secure the end 19 of the respective cylinder elevator 08 trailing at least in the printing operation.

At least one support element 25 is preferred; 28 arranged, by means of which the at least one clamping element 20 is supported in the circumferential direction B relative to the bale 46 of the forme cylinder 07 and / or in particular against a channel wall 29 of the cylinder channel 14 and / or at least supportable. The at least one support element 25; 28 is configured, for example, as at least one clamping spindle 25 and / or as at least one hollow body 28 which is variable in its volume, for example as at least one pneumatic support element 28, in particular as at least one tensioning hose 28. The at least one support element 25; 28, for example, manually and / or at least partially or preferably fully automated, for example, controlled by a running in the control computer control, in particular controlled by the machine control and / or regulated and in particular actuated by at least one drive.

Each formed as a clamping spindle 25 supporting elements 25 preferably have at least one thread which cooperates with a thread of a respective clamping element 20 and / or with a relative to the bale 46 of the forme cylinder stationary thread. The threads preferably convert a rotational movement about an axis of the clamping spindle 25 into a directed movement of the corresponding clamping element 20 relative to the bale 46 of the forme cylinder 07, in particular with at least one component in the circumferential direction B or opposite thereto. As a result, the cylinder elevator 08 can be tensioned and / or stretched and / or relaxed relative to the circumferential direction B.

As in each case with respect to its volume variable hollow body 28 formed support members 28 are preferably relative to the circumferential direction B between a channel wall 29 and the at least one clamping element 20 is arranged. By increasing an amount of a medium, in particular a fluid, for example air, arranged in the interior of the corresponding hollow body 28, the hollow body 28 preferably expands in the circumferential direction B, thereby moving the at least one tensioning element 20 at least with one component counter to this circumferential direction B, in particular from the hollow body 28 next channel wall 29 away and on a further away from the hollow body 28 channel wall to. A reduction in the amount of fluid arranged in the interior of the hollow body 28, in conjunction with a restoring force caused by the tension of the cylinder elevator 08 and / or, for example, by a spring element, causes an opposite movement. As a result, the relevant cylinder lift 08 can be tensioned and / or relaxed in the circumferential direction B. Preferably, as regards its volume variable hollow body 28, at least one tensioning hose 28 or short tube 28 is arranged. Preferably, for displacing the at least one tensioning element 20 in the circumferential direction B of the forme cylinder 07, an internal pressure of the at least one hollow body 28 preferably designed as a hose 28 can be increased, in particular selectively raised. For this purpose, at least one is preferred preferably remotely actuable actuating means, for. As a valve, in particular a controllable or controllable valve, in particular a proportional valve and / or at least one pressure reducer provided by means of which an internal pressure in the variable in its volume hollow body 28 is selectively adjustable. Alternatively or additionally, for example, it is provided that the at least one preferably formed as a tube 28 hollow body 28 is gradually filled with partial volume of the fluid provided for filling, in particular air. The partial volumes are preferably predetermined by a specification with respect to the volume and / or a specification with respect to an opening time of a valve or the like. For example, such a stepwise filling is carried out iteratively with repeated detection of the internal pressure and / or the position of the at least one clamping element 20 relative to the bale 46 of the forme cylinder 07 and / or repeated image inspection and / or repeated register measurement until a desired value and / or state is reached is. The partial volumes are preferably supplied to the hollow body 28, which is preferably designed as a tube 28, in that a pressure which is at least as high as and preferably higher than the internal pressure provided for the interior of the hollow body 28 is applied to a valve adjoining the inner hollow body 28. and that by selectively opening this valve fluid flows into the interior of the cavity 28. In an alternative embodiment variant, the adjusting means provided for displacing the at least one tensioning element 20 in the circumferential direction B of the forme cylinder 07 is designed as a preferably electrically operated motor.

For example, at least one support element 25 designed as a clamping spindle 25 and at least one support element 28 designed with respect to its volume variable hollow body 28 are arranged. For example, exclusively at least one tensioning tube 28 is arranged.

The tensioning of the cylinder elevator 08 in the circumferential direction B is preferably used to attach the cylinder elevator 08 on the forme cylinder 07. The tensioning of the cylinder elevator 08 in the circumferential direction B preferably also serves at least one Changing the dimension of the cylinder elevator 08 in the circumferential direction B, for example, to compensate for changes in the substrate during its processing, in particular during the processing of a pending on the printing press print job.

As an alternative or in addition to the means for particularly remotely adjustable stretching of the cylinder elevator 08 in the circumferential direction B of the forme cylinder 07 suitable means for particular remote adjustable stretching of the cylinder elevator 08 in the axial direction A are preferably arranged.

A change in the dimension of the substrate in the transverse direction A and thus parallel to the axial direction A is preferably compensated by a change in the dimension and in particular an elongation of at least one corresponding cylinder winding 08 in the axial direction A. Preferably, the tensioning device 15 at least one displacement means 27; 34 for changing the position of at least one of the clamping elements 20 with respect to the axial direction A and / or for stretching at least one cylinder elevator 08 with respect to the axial direction A. For this purpose, this is at least one tensioning element 20 by means of this at least one displacement means 27; 34 in and / or against the axial direction A against at least one further clamping element 20 and / or against a fixed to the bale 46 of the forme 07 component, for example against the bale 46 of the forme cylinder 07 itself supported and / or supportable. In particular, displacement means 27 are preferably provided which are each arranged between two clamping elements 20 or between a related to the axial direction A boundary of the cylinder channel 14 and the respective outer clamping elements 20. The at least one displacement means 27; 34 is, for example, manually and / or at least partially or preferably fully automated, for example, controlled by a controller executed in the control computer, in particular controlled by the machine control and / or regulated and in particular actuated by at least one drive.

In a first embodiment of the at least one displacement means 27, the respective at least one displacement means 27 is connected, for example, to at least two tensioning elements 20. The at least one displacement means 27 is then, for example, as at least one displacement spindle 27 and / or at least one with respect to its volume variable hollow body 27, in particular as at least one displacement tube 27 and / or at least one electric drive, for. B. engine formed.

In a second embodiment of the at least one displacement means 34, the respective at least one displacement means 34 is, for example, exclusively connected to a tensioning element 20 on the one hand and a component fixed to the bale 46 of the forme cylinder 07, for example the bale 46 of the forme cylinder 07 itself. Preferably, the at least one displacement means 34 is designed such that it allows different distances for the displacement of the same respective clamping element 20 and / or that it allows different distances for the displacement of different clamping elements 20. In the following, two examples of this second embodiment will be described.

In a first example of the second embodiment of the at least one displacement means 34, an axial displacement of the at least one tensioning element 20 is preferably effected by means of an extension of at least one first force transmission element 36 or short first force transmission 36 relative to the axial direction A. For this purpose, the at least one tensioning element 20 and preferably the plurality of tensioning elements 20 are preferably arranged in the cylinder recess 14, in particular in succession in a row relative to the axial direction A. Preferably, at least two and more preferably at least three clamping elements 20 are arranged one after the other in such a way. The at least one tensioning element 20 preferably has at least one outer clamping element 23 and at least one inner clamping element 24 on. More preferably, each of the at least two clamping elements 20 each have at least one outer clamping element 23 and in each case at least one inner clamping element 24. In an initial position, the plurality of clamping elements 20 are arranged, for example, such that their inner clamping elements 24 are aligned in the axial direction A and / or that their outer clamping elements 23 are aligned in the axial direction A. However, in particular by different displacement of the individual clamping elements 20 with respect to the circumferential direction B, this state can be canceled.

An attachment of the trailing at least in printing operation end 19 to the respective clamping element 20 by clamping the trailing at least in printing operation end 19 between the respective inner clamping member 24 and the respective outer clamping member 23 is preferably carried out.

The actuation of the respective acting on the at least one clamping element 20 actuating means for displacement of the respective clamping element 20 in the circumferential direction B of the forme cylinder 07 and / or in the axial direction A preferably takes place from outside the forme cylinder 07, in particular contactless, z. B. magnetic.

The at least one displacement means 34 preferably has at least one first force-generating element 35 or a first force generator 35. The at least one displacement means 34 preferably has at least one first force transmission element 36. The at least one force-generating element 35 can preferably be activated and also deactivated again. The at least one force-generating element 35 is preferably designed as at least one first displacement drive 35. The at least one force-generating element 35 is preferably designed as at least one with respect to its volume variable hollow body 35, for example as at least one pneumatic force generating element 35, in particular as at least one expansion tube 35. Preferably, this hollow body 35 is acted upon by compressed air or at least acted upon.

For example, at least one rotary inlet is preferably arranged on at least one end face of the relevant forme cylinder 07, in particular on one of its journals, in order to hold the fluid, e.g. B. to convey the air as a medium in the forme cylinder 07 and in particular in the hollow body 35 and / or expansion hose 35 and / or in the tensioning tube 28. The at least one rotary inlet is preferably multi-channel, d. H. There are different support elements 28 and / or force generating elements 35 each preferably preferably acted upon by fluids of different pressures. The at least one rotary inlet is in particular also designed such that a fluid to be acted upon in the relevant forme cylinder 07 support member 28 and / or force generating element 35 is respectively applied during a rotation of this forme cylinder 07 with the fluid or at least acted upon. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the at least one rotary inlet whose multiple channels during the rotation of the forme cylinder 07 each acted upon with fluids of different pressures or at least acted upon.

Preferably, for displacing the at least one tensioning element 20 in the axial direction A of the forme cylinder 07, an internal pressure of the hollow body 35, which is preferably designed as an expansion hose 35, can be increased, in particular selectively raised. For this purpose, at least one valve, in particular a proportional valve and / or at least one pressure reducer is preferably provided by means of which an internal pressure can be selectively adjusted. Alternatively or additionally, for example, it is provided that the hollow body 35, which is preferably in the form of an expansion hose 35, is filled in stages with partial volume of the fluid, in particular air, provided for filling. The partial volumes are preferably predetermined by a specification with respect to the volume and / or a specification with respect to an opening time of a valve or the like. For example, such a stepwise filling is carried out iteratively with repeated detection of the internal pressure and / or the position of the at least one tensioning element 20 relative to the bale 46 of the forme cylinder 07 and / or repeated image inspection and / or repeated register measurement until a desired value and / or state is reached. The partial volumes are preferably fed to the hollow body 35, which is preferably designed as expansion hose 35, in that a pressure which is at least as high as and preferably higher than the internal pressure provided for the interior of the hollow body 35 rests against a valve bordering the inner of this hollow body 35, and that by selectively opening this valve fluid flows into the interior of the cavity 35. In an alternative embodiment, the displacement means provided for displacing the at least one tensioning element 20 in the axial direction A of the forme cylinder 07 is designed as a preferably electrically operated motor.

For example, the at least one force-generating element 35 is arranged such that a force 39 generated by it is initially oriented at least substantially orthogonally to the axial direction A. Then, at least one force transmission element 36 is preferably arranged, which is designed, for example, as at least one lever or preferably at least one first bending spring 36. Preferably, the at least one bending spring 36 is preformed such that a convex portion of the bending spring 36 facing the at least one force generating element 35 and with respect to the axial direction A at a same position as the at least one force generating element 35 is arranged. Preferably, therefore, the at least one bending spring 36 is arranged in its longitudinal extent in the axial direction A. Preferably, the at least one force transmission element 36 is connected to the bale 46 of the forme cylinder 08 at least at a first connection point 37 and / or in contact. The first connection point 37 is also called, for example, cylindrical bearing 37. Preferably, the at least one force transmission element 36 is connected to at least one second connection point 38 with the at least one tensioning element 20 and / or in contact. The second connection point 38 is also called clamping element bearing 38, for example. Preferably, the first junction 37 allows and / or the second connection point 38 relative movements between the at least one force transmission element 36 on the one hand and the bale 46 of the forme cylinder 07 and / or the respective clamping element 20 on the other hand with respect to the circumferential direction B. This is for example by arranging at least one dovetail guide 45 allows, for example, a Connection between the bale 46 of the forme cylinder 07 and the clamping element 20 produces.

Preferably, by means of a force 39 originating from the force-generating element 35, a shape and / or position of the at least one force transmission element 36 can be changed such that the second connection point 37 is removed from the first connection point 37 with respect to the axial direction A. For example, the force 39 exerted by the force-generating element 35 is generated by an increased pressure within the expansion tube 35. For example, to change the shape and / or position of the at least one force transmission element 36, its convexity is reduced and / or its extent in the axial direction A is increased. For example, the bending spring 36 can act as a force transmission element 36 via the expansion hose 35 with a force 39 which acts essentially transversely to the longitudinal extent of the bending spring and preferably engages in the middle of the bending spring 36. This leads to a deformation of the bending spring 36, so that a distance a between the cylinder bearing 37 and the clamping element bearing 38 increases and thus the clamping element 20 is displaced with respect to the axial direction A.

Preferably, the at least one force transmitting element 36 is elastically designed such that it generates a counteracting its counteracting force, which is further preferably less than the force generated by the force generating element 35 force 39. Thus, for example, when relieving the bending spring 36 by venting the Dehnschlauchs 35 Bend spring 36 return to its original position. If the tensioning element bearing 38 is embodied as a loose second connection point 38, then at least one restoring element 40 generating a restoring force is preferred arranged, for example in the form of a compression spring 40. As a result, the respective clamping element 20 can be moved back to its initial position with respect to the axial direction A. Alternatively or in addition to the return element 40, for example, a positive connection between the bale 46 on the one hand and the force transmission element 36 on the other hand at the second connection point 38 and between the clamping element 20 on the one hand and the force transmission element 36 on the other hand, provided at the first connection point 37 to the respective clamping element 20th again to spend in its relative to the axial direction A starting position, in particular by the counterforce is effected by the force transmission element 36 itself.

As an alternative or in addition to the expansion hose 35, at least one pneumatic cylinder and / or at least one hydraulic cylinder and / or at least one electric drive can be used as the force-generating element 35, for example in conjunction with at least one transmission, such as a threaded spindle. The at least one force transmission element 36 is alternatively or additionally designed as at least one toggle mechanism. Preferably, the force 39 of the force-generating element 35 then acts on a joint between two levers, so that the displacement of the toggle mechanism 20 causes the displacement of the respective tensioning element 20.

A second example of the second embodiment of the at least one displacement means 34 differs from the first example in particular by a type and / or direction of the force exerted by the force transmission element 36. While in the first example, the clamping element 20 is pushed by the force transmission element 36 upon activation of the force-generating element 35, in the second example, when the force-generating element 35 is activated, the clamping element 20 is pulled by the force transmission element 36. Unless otherwise stated, the second example is preferred to the first example match. Preferably, the at least one bending spring 36 is preformed such that a concave region of the bending spring 36 facing the at least one force generating element 35 and with respect to the axial direction A at a same position as the at least one force generating element 35 is arranged.

A shape and / or position of the at least one force transmission element 36 is then preferably changeable by a force emanating from the force-generating element 35 such that the second connection point 37 is moved toward the first connection point 37 with respect to the axial direction A. For example, the force 39 exerted by the force-generating element 35 is generated by an increased pressure within the expansion tube 35. For example, in order to change the shape and / or position of the at least one force transmission element 36, its concavity is increased and / or its extent in the axial direction A is reduced. For example, the bending spring 36 can act as a force transmission element 36 via the expansion hose 35 with a force 39 which acts essentially transversely to the longitudinal extent of the bending spring 36 and preferably engages in the middle of the bending spring 36. This leads to a deformation of the bending spring 36, so that a distance b between the cylinder bearing 37 and the clamping element bearing 38 is reduced and thus the relevant clamping element 20 is displaced with respect to the axial direction A. If a restoring element 40 is arranged, this is preferably designed as at least one tension spring 40.

Alternatively, a force transmitting member 36 is not disposed, but a force generating member 35 directly communicates with the respective at least one tension member 20 and is configured to directly adjust its position related to the axial direction A.

The cylinder lift 08 mounted on the forme cylinder 07 is preferably changed in its dimension according to predetermined values and preferably in a remote-adjustable manner in the axial direction A and / or in the circumferential direction B, in particular stretched.

For expanding the cylinder elevator 08 in the circumferential direction B, the cylinder elevator 08 is preferably arranged on the forme cylinder 07 and more preferably fastened, in particular clamped, at its leading end 17 in printing operation in or on the front fastening means 16 and at its trailing end 19 in the printing operation in which at least one arranged in the cylinder channel 14 clamping element 20 of the clamping device 15 is held. In particular, by movement of the at least one clamping element 20 with respect to the circumferential direction B, a tensile stress FZ is built up within the cylinder elevator 08, which is increased in the circumferential direction B for stretching the cylinder elevator 08. By displacement of the clamping elements 20 in the circumferential direction B of the cylinder elevator 08 is stretched on the surface of the forme cylinder 07 and optionally stretched. A change in the tensile stress FZ in the respective cylinder elevator 08, in the axial direction A and / or in the circumferential direction B, respectively leads to a dimensional change of this cylinder elevator 08, d. H. to a change in its length and / or width.

The at least one clamping element 20 movably arranged in the clamping element 20 preferably has at least one outer clamping element 23 and at least one inner clamping element 24, wherein the clamping element 20, at least one inner clamping element 24, in its movement in the circumferential direction B of the forme cylinder 07 by at least a particular with the bale 46 of this forme cylinder 07 firmly connected, extending in the circumferential direction B of the forme cylinder 07 guide rail 48 z. B. is positively guided along a travel S, said at least one guide rail 48 is preferably arranged on or in the bottom 49 of the clamping channel 14 or at a low height above the bottom 49 of the clamping channel 14 ( FIGS. 7 and 8 ). A low height above the bottom 49 of the tensioning channel 14 is to be understood as meaning a height which, starting from the level of the bottom 49 of the tensioning channel 14, is at most half the height of the relevant tensioning element 14 arranged in the tensioning channel 14, ie in particular its inside Clamping element 24, preferably only up to a third of this height measures. In a preferred embodiment, the guide rail 48 is formed as a tongue and groove system, wherein extending in the circumferential direction B of the forme cylinder 07 z. B. T-shaped groove at the bottom 49 of the clamping channel 14 facing the end of the clamping channel 14 arranged inner clamping element 24 and in this groove, in particular with only a small clearance of less than z. B. 0.3 mm guided z. B. T-shaped spring on the bottom 49 of the clamping channel 14 are formed, as shown in the Fig. 8 is shown by way of example. The moving in the circumferential direction B of the forme cylinder 07 clamping element 20 is of the variable of its volume in the hollow body 28 z. B. by means of a preferably acting directly on the respective clamping element 20 piston 53 preferably against the force FF at least one in the clamping channel 14 in or on a holder 52 firmly supported spring element 51 driven. The at least one spring element 51 is preferably designed in each case as a compression spring. With a reduction or elimination of the force exerted by the pneumatic means 28, ie in particular of the hollow body 28 on this clamping element 20 pressure, the clamping element 20 remains at its z. B. set along the travel S position, in particular due to the built-up within the cylinder elevator 08, the pressure exerted on the relevant clamping element 20 against acting tension FZ in a state of self-locking.

FZ

Gegenkraft bzw. Zugspannung des Zylinderaufzugs 08

FF

Gegenkraft des Federelementes 51

FH

Druck bzw. Antriebskraft des Hohlkörpers 28

FA; FB

Führungskräfte entlang der Führungsschiene 48

FAr; FBr

Reibkräfte entlang der Führungsschiene 48

The emergence of self-locking is based on the FIGS. 9a and 9b explained in more detail, in each case only one of z. B. in the at least one guide rail 48 preferably along a travel S in the circumferential direction B of the forme cylinder 07 guided clamping elements 20 in the preferred embodiment with its at least one outer clamping element 23 and its at least one inner clamping element 24 is shown in a partial section. The following forces and corresponding stresses and / or pressures act on the respective representation:

FZ

Counterforce or tension of the cylinder elevator 08

FF

Counterforce of the spring element 51st

FH

Pressure or driving force of the hollow body 28

FA; FB

Executives along the guide rail 48

FAr; SBrk

Frictional forces along the guide rail 48th

Fig. 3a shows the state of clamping a preferably arranged on a forme cylinder 07 cylinder elevator 08. Due to the geometric conditions outweighs the resulting force in the environment of z. B. T-shaped guide rail 48 against the counter force FZ of the cylinder elevator 08. The cylinder lift 08 is along the z. B. by the at least one guide rail 48 fixed travel S moves in the direction of the indicated movement arrow and thereby tense.

Fig. 3b shows the state of self-locking, ie a retention of the relevant clamping element 20 at a z. B. located along the travel S position. When the driving force FH of the hollow body 28 and thus the resultant force against the counterforce FZ of the cylinder elevator 08 is lower and at least by the z. B. along the at least one guide rail 48 acting leaders FA; FB as well as friction forces FAr; FBr certain threshold falls below or completely eliminated, the relevant preferably with only a small clearance guided clamping element 20, ie its at least one inner clamping element 24 z. B. in or on the at least one guide rail 48 at the previously z. B. along the travel S set position "jammed" because the counter force FZ of the cylinder elevator 08 a rectified to this counterforce FZ torque exerts on the clamping element 20, wherein the pivot point is in the region of the guide rail 48, whereby the clamping element 20 in question from his to Reason 49 of the clamping channel 14 orthogonal arrangement in the direction of the reaction force FZ of the cylinder elevator 08 "tilts" and thereby self-locking on the at least one guide rail 48 by tilting or is held at the previously set position.

Fig. 10 shows again in a partial sectional view of the respective forme cylinder 07 of one of the in or on the at least one guide rail 48 self-locking clamping elements 20th

In order to stretch the cylinder elevator 08, in particular at least the trailing end 19 of the cylinder elevator 08 in the axial direction A, a relative displacement of at least two of the clamping elements 20 with respect to this axial direction A, in particular from the center of the bale 46 of the axial direction A, preferably takes place Form cylinder 07 outgoing. By displacement of the clamping elements 20 in the axial direction A of the cylinder elevator 08 is spread in the region of its trailing end 19 and thus stretched.

In the case of a self-locking in the cylinder channel 14 clamping element 20, the tensile stress FZ built up with this clamping element 20 in a cylinder lift 08 can only be increased, but not be reduced during the rotation of the relevant forme cylinder 07. An unintentionally set too high tensile stress FZ can not be reversed during the rotation of the respective forme cylinder 07, but only after a stoppage of the relevant forme cylinder 07 and a release z. B. of the external terminal block 23 formed as outer clamping element 23 of the respective clamping element 20. Therefore, in a plurality of printing units 01; 02; 03 having processing machine, in particular printing machine provided that an inflated tensile stress FZ in a cylinder lift 08 a particular involved in the execution of the print job form cylinder 07 of one of these printing units 01; 02; 03 by a tracking of the respective tensile stress FZ in a cylinder lift 08 of at least one other of the particular participating in the execution of this print job form cylinder 07 of at least one of the other printing units 01; 02; 03 is compensated.

This can be a method for adjusting at least one cylinder elevator 08 to a substrate change in the circumferential direction B of a forme cylinder 07 execute, in which at least two cylinder elevators 08 are arranged in a printing press respectively on different cylinders 07, in which in each of these cylinder elevators 08 a tensile stress FZ in each case at least in the circumferential direction B of their respective supporting forme cylinder 07 is constructed, in which the respective tensile stress FZ respectively during the rotation of the respective forme cylinder 07 in particular by a in the circumferential direction B z. B. along a travel S made displacement of a clamping element 20 is constructed, in which the respective clamping element 20 is displaced by a particular of the respective tensile FZ opposing driving force FH, at least one of the clamping elements 20 in a reduction of the driving force FH under a Limit is held in place, z. B. in the state of self-locking, in which a held by the one held in position, z. B. in self-locking tensioning element 20 inflated tensile stress FZ formed in a cylinder lift 08 on a particular participating in a processing of a particular print job form cylinder 07 by a tracking, d. H. is compensated in particular by increasing the respective tensile stress FZ in the respective cylinder elevator 08 of at least one other form cylinder 07, in particular participating in the execution of this print job. This method can advantageously be carried out in combination with one or more of the other features already described or mentioned below.

In particular by preferably in the processing machine, ie inline register measurements can be necessary settings and / or controls of the clamping elements 20 and / or the drive of the forme cylinder 07 derived, in particular the necessary settings and / or controls the clamping elements 20 not only for tracking during the Rotation of the relevant forme cylinder 07, but already when setting up the invention as a printing press trained machine tool to be made. Each cylinder elevator 08 of a print job is preferably provided with at least one image feature in the course of its exposure, for example in the form of a registration cross. The at least one image feature is usually arranged in a print-image-free area of the cylinder elevator 08, but may for example also be part of the print image 32 itself. Preferably, at least two such image features are provided which differ from one another with respect to their position on the forme cylinder 07 in the axial direction A and / or in the circumferential direction B. For example, these are provided in at least one pressure-image-free region extending in the axial direction A and / or the circumferential direction B of the forme cylinder 07.

Preference is given in a memory, for example, in the at least the respective clamping element 20 controlling control computer of the processing machine for the clamped cylinder elevator 08 and / or for in the upcoming print job to be printed substrate specific data, such as its material and / or its thickness and / or its format deposited and / or there are stored in this or in another memory as machine-specific data, for example, a position or position of the respective clamping elements 20 before the processing of the print job. It is advantageous before processing the pending print job for each of the participating in the execution of the print job printing units 01; 02; 03 each determine the respective at least one clamping element 20 machine-specific data in each case and to deposit in the respective memory. With for each printing unit 01; 02; 03 individual machine-specific data, the z. B. also a ranking of these printing units 01; 02; 03 in their respective use in the processing of the relevant print job, especially in conjunction with specific data for the clamped cylinder elevator 08 and / or specific data for the printing material to be printed in the upcoming printing substrate each printing process-related dimensional changes to the substrate in an automatic control or regulation be counteracted, by taking into account these specific data from the control computer correction values are determined, which are used for driving z. B. at least one of the clamping elements 20 and / or for adjusting and / or tracking an angular position of the relevant printing forme cylinder 07 relative to an angular position of a printing material-carrying cylinder 04; 06 are used. The control computer determines a deviation of z. B. the printing process and / or at least one dimension of the substrate concerned actual values to target values and then determines from this target / actual value comparison z. B. the position or position of the respective clamping element 20 influencing correction values, which reduces or eliminates this deviation. The control computer is preferably part of the machine control. Furthermore, process-specific data can be stored in the or another memory, wherein the process-specific data in particular a production speed of the processing machine and / or the climatic production conditions such. B. concern information about the temperature and / or humidity of the ambient air surrounding the substrate.

The specific data for the clamped cylinder lift 08 and / or for the printing material to be printed in the particular printing data are stored in their respective memory or in the shared memory, preferably in dependence on at least one variable process parameter or machine parameters, eg. B. depending on the production speed of the processing machine, in particular of a printing speed of the preferably designed as a sheet-fed printing press.

Dependent on a variable process parameter or machine parameter deposit of the respective computationally or experimentally determined specific data is z. B. each in a table or by a mathematically describable functional relationship, the respective functional relationship in a z. B. Cartesian coordinate system each z. B. by value pairs or in one Curve course is shown or is or at least representable. Such a curve is also called a tracking curve.

• der Produktionsgeschwindigkeit der Bearbeitungsmaschine
• einer Einstellung eines Farbwerks 09 betreffend z. B. seiner Farbzonen, einer Duktordrehzahl oder einem Hebertakt
• einer Einstellung eines Feuchtwerks 12
• einer Information über die z. B. aktuelle oder beabsichtigte Flächendeckung des Bedruckstoffes
• einer Höhe bzw. Dicke des betreffenden Zylinderaufzugs 08, d. h. einer Information zum Ist-Durchmesser von Oberflächen z. B. einer Druckplatte und/oder eines Gummituchs
• einem Typen, insbesondere einem Gummituchtyp oder einem Förderverhalten des Gummituchs
• einer Einstellung einer Pressung zwischen dem Bedruckstoff und dem mit dem betreffenden Formzylinder 07 zusammenwirkenden Übertragungszylinder 06, d. h. insbesondere dem Gummituch
• einer Information betreffend den Bedruckstoff, z. B. seinem Typ oder Werkstoff, sein Flächengewicht, seine Faserausrichtung, seine Dicke, seine Länge und/oder Breite, die Beschaffenheit seiner zu bearbeitenden Oberfläche (z. B. gestrichen oder nicht gestrichen), sein Feuchtdehnungsverhalten
• einer Information über die Temperatur und/oder Feuchte der den Bedruckstoff umgebenden Luft

Preferably, a lot of specific data or different Nachführkurven are stored in the memory in question, which can be made of this amount in particular by the operator of the relevant inventively designed as a printing machine processing machine or automatically as needed a selection. The respective specific data or each of these Nachführkurven z. For example, depending on one or more of the following parameters:

• the production speed of the processing machine
• a setting of an inking 09 regarding z. B. its color zones, a duct speed or a lifter clock
• a setting of a dampening unit 12
• an information about the z. B. current or intended area coverage of the substrate
• a height or thickness of the respective cylinder elevator 08, that is, information about the actual diameter of surfaces z. B. a printing plate and / or a blanket
• a type, in particular a rubber type or a conveying behavior of the blanket
• a setting of a pressure between the substrate and the cooperating with the relevant forme cylinder 07 transfer cylinder 06, ie in particular the blanket
• an information regarding the substrate, z. Its type or material, its basis weight, its fiber orientation, its thickness, its length and / or width, the nature of its surface to be treated (eg painted or not), its wet-stretching behavior
• information about the temperature and / or humidity of the air surrounding the substrate

All of these specific data can be used individually or in any combination for the respective setting and / or tracking z. B. at least one of the clamping elements 20 and / or for adjusting an angular position of at least one of the cylinders involved in the printing process 04; 06; 07, d. H. Each of these Nachführkurven can each alone or together with at least one of the other Nachführkurven for each setting and / or tracking z. B. at least one of the clamping elements 20 and / or for adjusting the angular position of at least one of the cylinders involved in the printing process 04; 06; 07 are applied. With the aid of the specific data, at least one print image 31 as well as at least one cylinder lift 08 or both can each be adapted to a change in the substrate.

In addition, it can be provided that the specific data used in each case as correction values are input by the operator of the relevant processing machine, preferably designed as a printing machine, into the control computers setting and / or tracking the respective clamping elements 20 or selected from the memory thereof. In this case, the correction values entered or selected by the operator into the control computer can each be used alone or jointly, for B. in superposition, in particular in addition to at least one of the stored in the control computer Nachführkurven for each setting and / or tracking z. B. at least one of the clamping elements 20 and / or for adjusting an angular position of at least one of the cylinders involved in the printing process 04; 06; 07 are used.

The specific data or correction values used for the respective setting and / or tracking of at least one of the clamping elements 20 can also be learned by the control computer, preferably by a plurality of subsequently processed in the processing machine printing sheet, between each at least one parameter has been changed in the processing machine, each of a z. B. belonging to an inspection system detection device 60 detected and each being compared with a reference, wherein the reference z. B. is formed by another sheet 31 or by a print template from a prepress. Depending on in the aforementioned comparison z. B. using computational algorithms z. B. from the inspection system or the control computer preferably automatically determined deviations from the reference can, for. B. the control computer automatically determine correction values and in the memory in question for the above use in the respective setting and / or tracking z. B. at least one of the clamping elements 20 and / or for adjusting an angular position of at least one of the cylinders involved in the printing process 04; 06; 07 deposit.

In an advantageous manner, a method for adapting a printed image 32 and / or at least one cylinder elevator 08 to a printing material change in a printing machine can thus be carried out in which at least one cylinder elevator 08 or the respective cylinder elevator 08 with at least one in a cylinder channel 14 of a plate cylinder 07 of the Pressing machine arranged clamping element 20 is stretched on the lateral surface of the relevant printing forme cylinder 07, wherein in each case by means of a movement of the at least one clamping element 20 in the axial direction A and / or in the circumferential direction B of the plate cylinder 07 within the respective cylinder elevator 08, a tensile stress FZ is established. In this case, the adaptation to the printing substrate change, in particular during the rotation of the plate cylinder 07 in its circumferential direction B with a drive of the plate cylinder 07 by a controlled and / or controlled rotational movement of this plate cylinder 07 is performed. With the at least one tensioning element 20, in particular when setting up the printing machine for a pending print job and / or during the execution of the print job performed rotation of the plate cylinder 07 of a respective clamping element 20 controlling control computer within the cylinder elevator 08 each have a specific value for the respective tension FZ adjusted and / or tracked to adapt to the change in substrate. Alternatively or additionally, a profile of an angular position of the relevant printing forme cylinder 07 relative to an angular position of a printing material-carrying cylinder 04; Controlled or regulated 06, wherein the specific value for the respective tensile stress FZ and / or the angular position of the respective plate cylinder 07 respectively based on stored in at least one memory specific data for the respective cylinder elevator 08 and / or for a printed in the upcoming print job substrate and / or set and / or tracked using machine-specific data and / or process-specific data. The adaptation of the printed image 32 and / or the at least one cylinder elevator 08 to the printing stock change preferably takes place in each case on the basis of stored in at least one memory specific data for the respective cylinder elevator 08 and / or for a printed in the upcoming print job substrate and / or machine-specific Data and / or process-specific data. The specific data for the clamped cylinder lift 08 relate z. B. a height and / or a type of the respective cylinder elevator 08. The specific data for the printed in the upcoming print job substrate concern z. B. information about its type or material and / or its basis weight and / or its fiber orientation and / or its thickness and / or its length and / or width and / or the nature of its surface to be machined or its Feuchtdehnungsverhalten. The machine-specific data relate z. B. a setting of an inking unit 09 of the printing machine and / or a setting of a dampening unit 12 of the printing press and / or a setting of a pressure between the substrate and z. B. a cooperating with the forme cylinder 07 transfer cylinder 06 of the printing machine and / or a respective position of the at least one clamping element 20 before the processing of the print job. The process-specific data relate z. Example, a production speed of the printing press and / or information about a coverage of the printing material and / or information about the temperature and / or humidity of the ambient air surrounding the substrate. The specific data for the clamped cylinder elevator 08 and / or the specific data for the printing material to be printed in the at least one memory are stored in the preferred embodiment depending on at least one variable process parameters or machine parameters, wherein the at least one variable process parameters z. Example, the production speed of the printing press and / or the information about the area coverage of the printing material and / or the information about the temperature and / or humidity of the printing material surrounding air and / or wherein the at least one variable machine parameters z. Example, the setting of the inking unit 09 of the printing press and / or the setting of the dampening unit 12 of the printing press and / or the adjustment of the pressure between the substrate and cooperating with the forme cylinder 07 transfer cylinder 06 of the printing press and / or the respective position of the at least one clamping element 20 before processing the print job. The storage of the specific data for the mounted cylinder elevator 08 and / or the specific data for the printing material to be printed in the upcoming print job and / or the machine-specific data and / or the process-specific data takes place in the at least one memory respectively in a table or by a mathematically describable functional relationship, wherein the respective functional relationship in a coordinate system is represented in each case by value pairs or in a curve. The specific data for the clamped cylinder lift 08 and / or the specific data for the printing material to be printed in the pending print job and / or the machine-specific data and / or the process-specific data are determined in each case by calculation or experiment. The specific data is z. B. by an operator of the printing press in which the respective clamping elements 20 adjusting and / or tracking control computer input or selected from the connected to the control computer memory.

Even in the case of several persisting at their respective position, z. B. self-locking trained clamping elements 20 in different participating in the execution of the same print job form cylinder 07, the adjustment and / or tracking of the respective tensile FZ in at least one of the cylinder lifts 08 is preferably taking into account at least part of the previously described specific data.

In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that system-inherent correction values resulting from the machine-specific data and / or from the specific data for the mounted cylinder elevator 08 and / or from the specific data for the printing material to be printed in the upcoming print job and / or from the process-specific data, to compensate for an expected substrate change before processing the print job, d. H. In particular, when setting up the printing press for the upcoming print job, especially in the setting of the respective clamping elements 20 are taken into account and then during the execution of this print job, the previously made setting the respective z. B. by the clamping elements 20 applied tensile stress FZ is tracked in particular based on at least one variable process parameter or machine parameter.

A procedure for generating correction values, in particular with a consideration of first correction values when setting up the printing press and tracking the setting made during the execution of this print job, will now be described by way of example with reference to FIG Fig. 11 explained. There are schematically the printing cylinder of a printing unit 01; 02; 03 shown. Such a printing unit 01; 02; 03 includes in the field of a so-called printing unit superstructure in an embodiment for the offset printing process as a transfer cylinder 06, z. B. as a blanket cylinder, running first printing cylinder. This is assigned to another, designed as a cylinder 07 printing cylinder. Furthermore, this includes Printing unit 01; 02; 03 in the area of a so-called printing unit substructure designed as a printing cylinder 04 printing cylinder and also referred to as a transfer drum 05 transfer drum. In the exemplary embodiment, the transfer drum 05, the impression cylinder 04 and the first printing unit cylinder are or are driven by a coherent gear train 55 driven by a main drive motor, not shown here.

The further printing cylinder is assigned a position-adjustable drive. This is usually designed as a direct drive DA, d. H. the drive motor is connected coaxially fixed to the drive shaft of the further printing unit cylinder and there is no positive connection with the drive of other cylinders and / or rollers.

This position-adjustable drive is trackable to the first printing cylinder. This is done so that actual position values LW1 of the first printing cylinder are compared with actual position values LW2 of the further printing cylinder. As a result, position differences are determined whose values serve as the basis for the actuation of the position-adjustable drive. This creates a press-specific error that must be compensated. This is done by determining values for a correction of the drive of the further printing unit cylinder from the position differences and a compensation curve not shown here. This means that the corrected value for the position-adjustable drive is determined. This is done in a control unit 56.

To the group of the above-mentioned press-specific errors include, for. B. caused by concentricity error of the first printing cylinder cylinder error. Printer-specific errors are also errors that z. B. by concentricity error of at least one provided for detecting the angle of rotation provided angular position encoder on the first printing cylinder. Furthermore, printing machine-specific errors occur when applying documents to the first Printing cylinders. For example, such errors are inherent in the system.

These systematic, press-specific errors are determined in the course of printing the press before delivery and / or in the course of setting up the press before a series of print jobs or before each print job and stored in the control unit 56. From these values, first angle-related correction values KW1 are generated, which are generated from the press-specific errors. These first correction values KW1 are now transmitted to a subordinate overlay computer 57 in the form of first correction signals 58 and stored there. The first correction values KW1 are now available for the control of the position-adjustable drive.

The means for determining the angle-related correction values further comprises a computing unit 59 for determining second angle-related correction values KW2. This computation unit 59 is given pressure-job-specific errors as a basis for the calculation of the second correction values KW2.

For example, the register errors that arise as a result of the self-adjusting extension of the printed sheet 31 belong to this group of print job-specific errors. By progressing from printing unit to printing unit loading of the sheet 31 with color and moisture during its passage, this changes its dimension both in length and in width. The increase in length of the printing sheet 31 can be compensated for example by the already described printing length compensation. This is possible by targeted control of the position-adjustable drive. This is done by the other printing cylinder is cyclically changed with respect to the first printing cylinder in its peripheral speed. That is, the other printing cylinder is compared to the first printing cylinder within each Driven faster circulation, whereby a minimum slip between the lateral surfaces of both cylinders is generated. As a result, the printed image 32 to be applied to the printed sheet 31 is also printed longer and thus compensates for the increase in length of the printed sheet 31 increasing from printing unit to printing unit or from color to color. After each revolution or after a set, in particular set on the control computer number of cycles, the rotational speed of the second printing cylinder is set by the control computer back to the rotational speed of the first printing cylinder.

The measured values as a basis for this Drucklängenkomposition can z. B. can be determined as follows:
Like from the Fig. 11 It can be seen that the printed image 32 of the printed sheet 31 has at least two measurement points 42, each of which is designed as registration marks, which have been applied during the exposure of the printing plate. These are arranged in a direction indicated by an arrow transport direction of the printing sheet 31 respectively at the printing beginnings and at the printing ends of the printed image 32. It is also possible to arrange an additional third registration mark between these two registration marks.

The current print length can be determined in different ways. Currently still widely used is the manual determination of the print length. This is done by printing test sheets as part of the preparation of a print job, or by taking test sheets during a printing process. A test sheet is evaluated by manually checking the position of the registration marks arranged at the beginning of printing for each color and correcting any register deviations that may be present by machine, ie by controlling the printing press. Subsequently, another test sheet is printed or removed. Now the distances to the rear registration marks assigned to the print end are measured and the values of the Arithmetic unit 59 transmitted. There, the different values for each color are determined.

If there are third pass marks not shown here, intermediate values can be obtained by measuring these pass marks. These intermediate values allow a statement about the course of the printing length in the direction of transport of the printing sheet 31. This makes it possible to change the printing length in a more targeted manner, ie. H. the pressure length change can be selectively changed locally. Prerequisite is the use of suitable facilities, such as so-called actuators.

Another way to determine the printing length is, for example, by a z. B. trained as a camera detection device 60 z. B. an inspection system register deviations in the print image 32 to detect and determine the print length from these register deviations. This can be done manually on test sheets as well as inline in the press.

Both the values manually determined via the measurement of the registration marks and the automatically determined values are now available in the arithmetic unit 59. This makes it possible to determine the second correction values KW2.

As a result of the calculation of the second correction values KW2, second correction signals 61 are transmitted to the subsequently arranged overlay computer 57.

In the overlay calculator 57, the first correction values KW1 are superposed with the second correction values KW2. Control signals 62 are generated, which are communicated to a drive control 63 of the further printing cylinder.

The superposition of a first correction value KW1 with a second correction value KW2 can be carried out sequentially. That is, for a first rotational angle range, for example, a first correction value KW1 is given to the position-adjustable drive, the actuating signal 62 is generated and the position-adjustable drive is set. After processing, the second correction value KW2 is specified for the following second rotation angle range, the control signal 62 is generated and the position-adjustable drive is set. Subsequently, the first correction value KW1 is again predefined for the following third rotation angle range. This sequence continues until the circulation is completed at 360 °.

In a further refinement, the superposition of the first correction values KW1 with the second correction values KW2 is carried out simultaneously. In this case, a first correction value KW1 is offset with a second correction value KW2 in the overlay computer 57, and an adjustment signal 62 for the control of the position-adjustable drive is made available per rotation angle range.

The control computer of the processing machine, in particular the printing press, z. B. the previously described functions of the control unit 56 and / or the overlay computer 57 and / or the arithmetic unit 59 and / or optionally also the drive control 63 combine in itself.

If a print job is processed, then it is preferred for each printing unit 01; 02; 03 the actual position of the respective printed on the respective cylinder elevator 08 image feature, in particular register cross detected. For example, an operator removes a substrate sheet after a proof print, measures the relative position of the image features and forwards these values to the control computer. Alternatively or additionally, this process is carried out by machine, in particular by means of corresponding sensors. For example, during the processing of the print job, the positions of the image features are fixed or at least definable Detected intervals or continuously and transmitted to the control computer. In this way, an adjustment of the position of the clamping elements 20 and / or a corresponding control and / or regulation of the rotational movement of the at least one forme cylinder 07 involved in the printing process can be carried out continuously during the processing operation of the substrate, in particular in a current printing process of the printing press.

For example, by means of the control computer are preferably optionally existing deviations of the image features or register marks with each other calculated by different printing units 01; 02; 03 come. For example, with the inclusion of the preferably stored, for the respective clamped cylinder elevator 08 specific data is preferably a required change in position of the corresponding clamping elements 20 of the respective printing unit 01; 02; 03 and / or a required corresponding control and / or regulation of the rotational movement of the forme cylinder 07 determined.

By means of calculation algorithms not further explained here, for example, a drive force FH necessary for a required change in position of the tensioning elements 20 or a necessary pressure in the force-generating element 35 is calculated and the force-generating element 35 is activated accordingly. Preferably, therefore, the expansion tube 35 is filled with a medium and constructed in its interior of the required for the change in position of the clamping element 20 adequate pressure. By means of these or other calculation algorithms, for example, a pressure necessary in the support element 28 for a required change in position of the clamping elements 20 is calculated and the support element 28 is activated accordingly. Preferably, therefore, the support tube 28 is filled with a medium and constructed in its interior of the required for the change in position of the clamping element 20 adequate pressure. About this or other computational algorithms, for example, a necessary for a required change in position of the clamping elements 20 actuating travel S or a location or a position of at least calculated a support member 25 and the support member 25 adjusted accordingly. Preferably, therefore, the at least one clamping spindle 25 is displaced accordingly. In the case of the non-existent support element 25, the respective force-driven on the at least one guide rail 48 clamping element 20 is moved to a corresponding position along the travel S and adjusted or fixed there by self-locking. By means of these or other computational algorithms, for example, a course of the angular position of the forme cylinder 07 necessary for a required corresponding control and / or regulation of the rotational movement of the forme cylinder 07 relative to an angular position of a transport body 04 guiding the substrate, in particular cylinder 04 or impression cylinder 04, is calculated and a rotation the form cylinder 07 adapted and / or executed accordingly. By a sensor, such as a camera, a resulting change in position of the clamping elements 20 and / or an elongation of the cylinder elevator 08 and / or a displacement of an image feature and / or a register of the printed image is preferably measured and transmitted to the control computer.

In particular, if the register measurement results in a deviation of a desired position of a marking serving as a register mark from an actual position of the marking serving as a register mark, a method for compensating register deviations and / or register deviations in the axial direction is preferably carried out A. The method preferably comprises at least one change in the position of at least one tensioning element 20 with respect to the axial direction A. In this case, one also speaks of a trapezoidal deviation, because such deviations due to, for example, the gripper are usually more pronounced in the rear region of the arc if necessary in the front area of the arch. For example, a mark used as a register mark is a printed register mark when printing.

If it is determined in a register measurement that results in a trapezoidal deviation, then preferably the trailing end 19 of the cylinder elevator 08 a increased stress with respect to the axial direction A exposed and thus stretched in the axial direction A. For this purpose, preferably one or more of the clamping elements 20 or clamping segments 20 are displaced with respect to the axial direction A. The displacement of the clamping elements 20 with respect to the axial direction A for stretching the cylinder elevator 08 is preferably carried out from the inside to the outside, that is, starting from the center of the cylinder channel 14 related to the axial direction A to an edge of the cylinder channel 14 related to the axial direction A. In a symmetrical trapezoidal deviation, the displacement of the clamping elements 20 preferably takes place symmetrically about an axial direction of the center of the bale of the forme cylinder 07. In an asymmetrical trapezoidal deviation, the displacement of the clamping elements 20 is preferably also asymmetric with respect to the axial direction A related center In particular, then, for example, more clamping elements 20 of the axial direction A are displaced as opposed to this axial direction A are displaced and / or exclusively clamping elements 20 are displaced in or against the axial direction A. Also, a different only from the amount of the distance traveled ago relocation comes into question. Preferably, this displacement of the clamping elements 20 takes place by means of at least one displacement means 27; 34th

The displacement of the clamping elements 20 and thus a stretching and / or relaxing the cylinder elevator 08 with respect to the axial direction A and / or in the circumferential direction B preferably takes place during a rotation of the respective cylinder lift 08 carrying the forme cylinder 07. During this rotation of the forme cylinder 07 is the Cylinder lift 08 preferably brought into contact with a surface, for example a surface of another body of revolution. As such a rotational body in particular the blanket cylinder 06 and / or one or more inking rollers 10 and / or one or more dampening rollers 13 is used. For this purpose, the respective at least one tensioning element 20 is preferably first changed with respect to its position related to the axial direction A, and then the rolled over in the printing operation trailing end 19 of the cylinder elevator 08 of the corresponding rotating body. Alternatively or additionally, the respective at least one clamping element 20 is changed with respect to its relative to the axial direction A position and while the trailing end in printing operation end 19 of the cylinder elevator 08 of the corresponding body of revolution overrun. For example, a change in the relative to the axial direction A position of the respective clamping element 20 takes place in several successive sub-operations. As a result, a more precise and gentler tension of the cylinder elevator 08 is made possible. In particular, then the roll over can also take place during the sub-operations and / or after the sub-operations.

After the construction of the required adequate pressure and / or the achievement of the desired position of the clamping elements 20, the force acting on the clamping elements 20 and, for example, the pressure in the interior of the corresponding hollow body 35 is lowered to a value in the static friction region between a surface of the Form cylinder 07 and a bottom of the cylinder elevator 08 is located. This reduction ensures that, while maintaining the position of the clamping elements 20, the force acting on the cylinder lift 08 is kept relatively small. In this way, a flow and thus a creeping and in particular unwanted further expansion of the material of the cylinder elevator 08 is counteracted.

Preferably, the displacement of the clamping elements 20 and thus in particular the stretching and / or relaxing of the cylinder elevator 08 in the axial direction A are preferably independent of the tensile stress FZ in the circumferential direction B and more preferably under particular maintenance of the tensile stress FZ in the circumferential direction B and without a previous Canceling a tensile stress FZ in the circumferential direction B. Preferably, the tensile stress FZ is maintained unchanged in the circumferential direction B during this time. This tensile stress FZ preferably corresponds at most to that reduced tensile stress FZ, below which the Cylinder lift 08 is permanently clamped on the forme cylinder 07. But it is also possible to reduce this only temporarily.

In particular, if there is a deviation of a desired position of a marking serving as a register mark to an actual position of the register mark serving as a register mark in the register measurement on the circumferential direction B, z. B. the following method for compensating register deviations and / or register deviations performed in the circumferential direction B.

In a first embodiment of the method for compensating register deviations and / or register deviations in the circumferential direction B, a change in the dimension of the cylinder elevator 08 in the circumferential direction B preferably takes place, in particular by a change in the position of at least one clamping element 20 with respect to the circumferential direction B. This change preferably takes place the position relative to the circumferential direction B for a plurality and more preferably for all clamping elements 20th

For this purpose, for example, a pressure in which is formed with respect to its volume variable hollow body 28 support member 28 is increased, whereby the at least one clamping element 20 is moved in the circumferential direction B and the cylinder elevator 08 is tensioned accordingly and thereby stretched. With a reduction of the pressure within the support element 28, a relaxation of the cylinder elevator 08 and after overcoming a static friction, a shortening of the cylinder elevator 08 takes place.

Alternatively or additionally, z. B. the at least one designed as a clamping spindle 25 support member 25 so activated, for example, rotated that a displacement of the corresponding at least one clamping element 20 takes place and thereby an elongation of the cylinder elevator 08 is achieved.

The displacement of the clamping elements 20 and thus in particular a stretching and / or relaxing the cylinder elevator 08 with respect to the circumferential direction B takes place - as mentioned - preferably during a rotation of the respective cylinder elevator 08 supporting the cylinder 07. During this rotation of the forme cylinder 07, the cylinder elevator 08 in Contact with a surface, for example, brought to a surface of another body of revolution. As such a rotational body in particular the blanket cylinder 06 and / or one or more inking rollers 10 and / or one or more dampening rollers 13 is used. For this purpose, the respective at least one tensioning element 20 is preferably initially changed with respect to its position related to the circumferential direction B, and then the end 19 of the cylinder elevator 08 following the printing operation is rolled over by the corresponding rotational body. Alternatively or additionally, the respective at least one tensioning element 20 is changed with respect to its position related to the circumferential direction B, and during this time the trailing end 19 of the cylinder elevator 08 rolls over in the printing operation from the corresponding rotational body. For example, a change in the relative to the circumferential direction B position of the respective clamping element 20 takes place in several successive sub-operations. As a result, a more precise and gentler tension of the cylinder elevator 08 is made possible. In particular, then the roll over can also take place during the sub-operations and / or after the sub-operations.

After the construction of the required adequate pressure and / or the achievement of the desired position of the clamping elements 20, the force acting on the clamping elements 20 and, for example, the pressure in the interior of the corresponding hollow body 28 is lowered to a value in the static friction region between a surface of the Form cylinder 07 and a bottom of the cylinder elevator 08 is located. This reduction ensures that, while maintaining the position of the clamping elements 20, the force acting on the cylinder lift 08 is kept relatively small. In this way, a flow and thus a creeping and in particular unwanted further stretching of the material of the Cylinder lift 08 counteracted. The same applies analogously to the at least one clamping element 25 designed as a support element 25th

A change in the dimension of the substrate in the circumferential direction B is alternatively or additionally to a change in the dimension of the at least one cylinder elevator 08 in the circumferential direction B preferably compensated by a correspondingly controlled and / or controlled rotational movement of the forme cylinder 07. Accordingly, or alternatively or in addition to the above-described change in the dimensions of the cylinder elevator 08, in particular with the aid of the drive of the forme cylinder 08, a length compensation is carried out or at least so feasible. The drive of the forme cylinder 07 is in this case preferably designed as a single drive, more preferably as a direct drive DA.

A ratio between a first angular velocity of the forme cylinder 07 and a second angular velocity of the transport body 04 guiding the substrate, in particular cylinder 04 or impression cylinder 04, is called speed ratio, in particular speed ratio between forme cylinder 07 and impression cylinder 04 Machining the substrate, the speed ratio selectively influenced and / or adjusted so that it deviates at least temporarily and preferably the majority of the time of processing of any integer ratio. Preferably, therefore, during the processing of the substrate, the speed ratio is not integer, at least temporarily, and preferably more than half the time. An integer ratio of two values is to be understood in particular as meaning a ratio of values corresponding to the value corresponding to the denominator of an integer in the mathematical sense when the value corresponding to the numerator is divided. Examples of integer ratios are therefore one to one, two to one, three to one, four to one. Under a processing of the substrate is preferably a regular processing of the substrate to understand, for example, a printing operation and / or a painting process and / or an embossing process and / or a punching process and / or a perforation. A regular processing is preferably to be distinguished from a start-up phase of the operation and / or a termination phase of the operation and / or an interruption of the operation.

Preferably, the substrate is processed in such a way that this speed ratio is changed during processing of the substrate, in particular the ratio between the first angular velocity of the forme cylinder 07 and the second angular velocity of the transport body 04 guiding the substrate, in particular cylinder 04 or impression cylinder 04 During this processing of the substrate relative to the angular velocities relative acceleration between the forme cylinder 07 on the one hand and the substrate carrying the substrate 04, in particular cylinder 04 or impression cylinder 04 on the other. Such an acceleration is preferably at least temporarily positive and / or at least temporarily negative. Particularly in the context of such an acceleration, a change in the speed ratio preferably takes place during this processing of the substrate, more preferably a periodic change in the speed ratio. A period, that is, in particular a smallest local and / or temporal interval, after which the periodic change repeats, is preferably reached after a respective full revolution or even after an integral fraction of a full revolution of the forme cylinder 07. An integer fraction is a fraction that, when multiplied by an integer, becomes unity. However, it may also be provided that the angular velocity of a single cylinder, in particular of the forme cylinder 07 or the impression cylinder 04 within a respective, preferably constant revolution period, ie within a respective full revolution or within a corresponding integer fraction of a full revolution of the forme cylinder 07, is set variably, that is successive revolutions differ with respect to a respective course of the speed ratio to each other.

For example, the forme cylinder 07 is rotated during a full revolution through 360 ° over at least a first angular range of at least 180 ° and preferably at least 270 ° with at least a first peripheral speed of the forme cylinder 07, which is greater than a first peripheral speed of the transporting body 04 guiding the substrate. in particular cylinder 04 or counter-pressure cylinder 04. Then, this forme cylinder 07 is preferably rotated over at least a relatively small second angular range with at least a second peripheral speed of the forme cylinder 07, which is smaller than a second peripheral speed of the transport body 04 guiding the substrate, in particular cylinder 04 or counter-pressure cylinder 04 In this way, the cylinder elevator 08 of the forme cylinder 07 leads the substrate during the largest part of its revolution determined by the at least one first angular range, whereby, for example, the printed image 32 is shortened a is transferred to the substrate. Subsequently, the forme cylinder 07 is rotated relatively slowly, so that the transport body 04 guiding the substrate, in particular cylinder 04 or impression cylinder 04, overtakes the forme cylinder 07 again. For example, a transfer cylinder 06 preferably but not necessarily rotates at a peripheral speed that substantially corresponds to a transport speed of the substrate.

Preferably, the forme cylinder 07 is rotated during a full revolution by 360 ° over the at least first angular range of at least 180 ° and preferably at least 270 ° with at least a first peripheral speed of the forme cylinder 07 which is smaller than a first peripheral speed of the transporting body 04 guiding the substrate. in particular cylinder 04 or counter-pressure cylinder 04. Then, preferably, this forme cylinder 07 is rotated over at least a relatively small second angular range with at least a second peripheral speed of the forme cylinder 07, which is larger In this way, the substrate rushes ahead of the forme cylinder 07 during the largest part of the revolution of the forme cylinder 07 determined by the at least one first angular range, whereby, for example, the printed image 32 is transferred to the substrate. Subsequently, the forme cylinder 07 is rotated relatively quickly, so that it overtakes the transport body 04 guiding the substrate, in particular the cylinder 04 or impression cylinder 04. The transfer cylinder 06, which is arranged for example, also in this case preferably but not necessarily rotates at a peripheral speed which essentially corresponds to the transport speed of the substrate.

Preferably, a change in the speed ratio is effected by an acceleration of the forme cylinder 07. Alternatively or additionally, the transport body 04, in particular the cylinder 04 or impression cylinder 04, which leads to the substrate can also be accelerated. However, preferably all the substrate leading transport body 04, in particular cylinder 04 or impression cylinder 04 are connected to a common main drive and / or gear train 55 of the machine, while preferably each forme cylinder 07 is driven independently thereof. The forme cylinder 07 thus preferably has a drive which is independent of the drive of the forme cylinder 07 contacting transfer cylinder 06 and / or the inking unit 09 and / or the drive of the forme cylinder 07 contacting impression cylinder 04. Thus, the individual acceleration of the forme cylinder 07 is to be preferred.

For example, the forme cylinder 07 and / or the cylinder lift 08 of the forme cylinder 07 is in contact with the substrate or the transfer cylinder 06, while the first forme cylinder 07 has an angular position within the at least one first angle range. For example, the forme cylinder 07 and the cylinder lift of the forme cylinder 08 are out of contact with the substrate and the transfer cylinder 06, while the first forme cylinder 07 has an angular position within the at least one second angle range, in particular because the forme cylinder 07 is oriented so that the cylinder channel 14 of the forme cylinder 07 in this at least a second angular range of the transfer cylinder 06 and / or the impression cylinder 04 and / or the Substrate is arranged opposite.

Processing of the substrate preferably takes place in such a way that, during the processing of the substrate, this speed ratio is changed at least twice, that is, for example, initially reduced and then increased again. More preferably, a processing of the substrate takes place such that during processing of the substrate, this speed ratio is changed at least twice during each complete revolution of the forme cylinder 08, that is, for example, initially reduced and then increased again. Further adjustments to corresponding changed circumstances are possible. This is the case, for example, when the forme cylinder 07 is occupied in succession in the circumferential direction B with several cylinder elevators 08.

Preferably, such a controlled and / or regulated rotational movement of the forme cylinder 07 to compensate for changes in the substrate and / or the printed image 32 also takes place in the case of at least one cylindrical elevator 08 designed as a sleeve.

In other words, preferably during a complete revolution of the forme cylinder 07 for adapting the printing image 32 emanating from it to the change in the dimension of the substrate and / or to compensate for the printing length by the drive of the forme cylinder 07, a difference angle between the forme cylinder 07 and the substrate leading Transport body 04, in particular cylinder 04 or impression cylinder 04 generated. The drive of the forme cylinder 07 is preferably controlled so that the difference angle between the forme cylinder 07 and the substrate carrying the substrate 04, in particular cylinder 04 or Counter-pressure cylinder 04 is brought within a complete revolution of the forme cylinder 07 from an initial value to a predetermined final value and brought back to the initial value. The control can also be such that within a complete revolution of the forme cylinder 07 in several cycles of differential angle between the forme 07 and the substrate carrying the substrate 04, in particular cylinder 04 or impression cylinder 04 brought from an initial value to at least a predetermined final value and back on the initial value is reset.

For example, an elongation of the cylinder elevator 08 in the axial direction A and an expansion of the cylinder elevator 08 in the direction of rotation B take place at least temporarily at the same time. For example, a compensation of the printing length by the drive of the forme cylinder 07 takes place parallel to and / or at least temporarily simultaneously with at least one elongation of the cylinder elevator 08 in the axial direction A and / or at least one elongation of the cylinder elevator 08 in the circumferential direction B. In another embodiment variant is in each case first the tensile stress FZ in the axial direction A and then the tensile stress FZ in the circumferential direction B of the respective forme cylinder 07 constructed within the respective cylinder to be adapted to a printing substrate change 08. The latter variant has the advantage that the required tensile stress FZ in the axial direction A is substantially lower than if previously the tensile stress FZ has been applied in the circumferential direction B. For the application of the tensile stress FZ in the circumferential direction B causes additional frictional forces, which impede the application of the tensile stress FZ in the axial direction A. The latter variant thus leads to a higher accuracy when compensating for a change of substrate in a printing press.

In one embodiment, either an expansion of the cylinder elevator 08 in the circumferential direction B or a change in this speed ratio takes place, depending on the required adjustment. As long as the necessary adjustment of Print image length in the circumferential direction B does not exceed an achievable by a maximum elongation of the cylinder elevator 08 in the circumferential direction B adaptation of the print image length, then done exclusively an adjustment by means of stretching in the circumferential direction B. For larger necessary adjustments in the circumferential direction B then takes place instead preferred only a change of this speed ratio. The decision is preferably made taking into account at least the data stored in the control computer, which is specific for the mounted cylinder elevator 08, and / or at least one specific threshold value, in particular for the clamped cylinder elevator 08. If the manipulated variable for displacing the clamping elements 20 in the circumferential direction B exceeds this limit value, the drive of the forme cylinder 07 is instead controlled so that within one revolution of the forme cylinder 07 a change in the speed ratio between the first angular velocity of the forme cylinder 07 and the second angular velocity of the substrate leading transport body 04 takes place.

In another embodiment, a corresponding change in this speed ratio takes place only in the case of an adaptation of the print image length exceeding a maximum elongation of the cylinder elevator 08 in the circumferential direction B which can be achieved in the circumferential direction B, in addition to this stretching. If the manipulated variable for displacing the clamping elements 20 in the circumferential direction B exceeds this limit value, the drive of the forme cylinder 07 is controlled in such a way that within one revolution of the forme cylinder 07 a change in the speed ratio between the first angular velocity of the forme cylinder 07 and the second angular velocity of the transport body 04 leading to the substrate, in particular cylinder 04 or impression cylinder 04 takes place.

The stretching of the cylinder elevator 08 can take place both before and during the execution of a print job, regardless of its direction. In this case, a print job is to be understood as the entirety of the activities required for printing. That is, stretching can occur both before and during a color run. It can also be done before or during a cleaning of the forme cylinder 07 or the inking unit 09. The stretching can also take place before or during the processing, in particular printing, ie before or during the contact of the transfer cylinder 06 or the cylinder elevator 08 with the substrate. If the stretching is to take place before the printing, the printing is preferably preceded by a previous test print, on the basis of which the required setting values are manually or automatically, for. B. can be determined by means of register measurements.

If the stretching takes place before printing, then the inking rollers 10 and / or the dampening roller 13 are preferably not involved in a contact of the forme cylinder 07 and / or the cylinder elevator 08 with a corresponding rotary body such as the transfer cylinder 06 or the impression cylinder 04 during stretching designed as a pressure plate 08 cylinder elevator 08 placed, for example, so that the color profile in the inking unit 09 is maintained.

If a printing sheet 31 from the first stack of sheets 31 having sheet feeder sheetfed press by their printing units 01; 02; 03 to the second stack sheet 31 having sheet delivery is transported to this sheet-fed press, as shown in the Fig. 1 i. V. m. the direction of rotation arrows of the impression cylinder 04 is indicated, learns this sheet 31 due to various printing process-related effects deformation in its geometry, ie in its geometric dimensions. Under a sheet 31 is understood here a sheet of paper or cardboard with a minimum size of DIN A3. Smaller format sizes are commonly referred to as "sheets." For example, such a printing sheet 31 in the printing process due to a pressure in each of him passed printing nip between two cooperating printing cylinders of the sheet-fed press, z. B. in the pressure gap between a transfer cylinder 06 and a co-operating with this transfer cylinder 06 impression cylinder 04 lengthened. The at least one ink applied in the printing process to the respective printed sheet 31 and optionally a dampening solution used in the printing process introduce moisture into the relevant printed sheet 31, which in the case of a printing paper 31 made of paper or cardboard, ie made of fibers, at least partially, in an axial direction the cooperating printing cylinder cylinder related width elongation and optionally also leads to an at least partial, along the transport direction extending elongation of the respective printed sheet.

If print pages of a type area mirror on the front and back of the same sheet exactly match, so these pages must be arranged in register on the relevant sheet 31. In addition, in a printing process with multiple inks or separations, an exact, i. positionally accurate uniformly one above the other and / or side by side printing of the individual printing inks or color separations are ensured, which is referred to as a passer. An error in the register and / or register, resulting from the deformation of a sheet 31 related to its geometry due to the aforementioned printing process related effects, can not be compensated by a correct register-containing arrangement of one or more participating in the printing process printing plates 08. Therefore, there is a need for a method for solving this problem for adapting at least one length of a surface to be formed on a plurality of printed sheets 31 of the same size by printing technology, wherein this surface is preferably to be rectangular in each case. This area forms z. B. a trained on the relevant sheet 31 or at least trainees print image 32nd

1. a) Die jeweilige auf den betreffenden Druckbogen 31 jeweils gleich groß auszubildende Fläche wird jeweils während eines Transports dieser Druckbogen 31 durch die Bogendruckmaschine ausgebildet, wobei sich die anzupassende Länge oder eine der anzupassenden Längen der betreffenden drucktechnisch auszubildenden Fläche längs oder quer oder schiefwinklig zur Transportrichtung des betreffenden durch die Bogendruckmaschine transportierten Druckbogens 31 erstreckt.
2. b) In einem an einer mit einer Recheneinheit verbundenen Anzeigeeinrichtung angezeigten Vorschaudatenbild von der auf den jeweiligen Druckbogen 31 jeweils drucktechnisch auszubildenden Fläche oder in einer an der mit der Recheneinheit verbundenen Anzeigeeinrichtung angezeigten fotografischen Abbildung der auf einem der Druckbogen 31 drucktechnisch ausgebildeten Fläche oder durch eine mittels einer mit der Recheneinheit verbundenen Bedieneinrichtung ausgeführte Eingabe in die Recheneinheit von mindestens einer Koordinate, die jeweils eine Position eines in der drucktechnisch auszubildenden oder ausgebildeten Fläche befindlichen Punktes kennzeichnet, wird jeweils mindestens ein Punkt ausgewählt.
3. c) Eine jeweilige Position des mindestens einen ausgewählten Punktes wird in der Recheneinheit in einem auf die Bogendruckmaschine bezogenen Koordinatensystem jeweils als ein Bezugspunkt 41 für die Anpassung der mindestens einen Länge der drucktechnisch auszubildenden Fläche festgelegt.
4. d) Von einer mit der Recheneinheit verbundenen Erfassungseinrichtung 60 wird von einem eine drucktechnisch ausgebildete Fläche aufweisenden Druckbogen 31 mindestens ein von dem jeweiligen gewählten Bezugspunkt 41 verschiedener, zu der drucktechnisch ausgebildeten Fläche von diesem Druckbogen 31 gehörender Punkt jeweils als ein Messpunkt 42 erfasst.
5. e) In dem auf die Bogendruckmaschine bezogenen Koordinatensystem wird eine jeweilige Position des mindestens einen erfassten Messpunktes 42 ermittelt.
6. f) Hinsichtlich des den betreffenden erfassten Messpunkt 42 aufweisenden Druckbogens wird von der Recheneinheit ein Ist-Abstand zwischen der jeweiligen Position des mindestens einen von dem betreffenden Druckbogen 31 erfassten Messpunktes 42 und der jeweiligen Position des mindestens einen ausgewählten Bezugspunktes 41 ermittelt.
7. g) Der ermittelte Ist-Abstand wird von der Recheneinheit mit demjenigen Soll-Abstand verglichen, den die dem betreffenden erfassten Messpunkt 42 entsprechende Position in der der Festlegung der Position des Bezugspunktes 41 zugrunde liegenden Fläche von der Position des betreffenden Bezugspunktes 41 aufweist.
8. h) Die Recheneinheit passt in Abhängigkeit von einer von ihr ermittelten Abweichung des Ist-Abstandes vom Soll-Abstand durch eine Ausgabe eines Steuersignals an eine die auf mindestens einem weiteren Druckbogen 31 die jeweilige Fläche drucktechnisch ausbildende Einrichtung jeweils mindestens eine Länge der auf dem jeweiligen mindestens einen weiteren Druckbogen 31 jeweils gleich groß drucktechnisch auszubildenden Fläche an.

Such a method may provide for carrying out the following method steps:

1. a) the respective on the relevant sheet 31 in each case the same size trainees each formed during transport of this sheet 31 by the sheet-fed press, with the length to be adjusted or one of the lengths to be adjusted of the relevant printing surface trainees longitudinal or transverse or oblique to the transport direction of the concerned transported by the sheet-fed press sheet 31 extends.
2. b) in a displayed on a display unit connected to a computing unit preview data image of the respective printing sheet 31 each printing surface or in a displayed on the display unit connected to the display unit photographic representation of the pressure-technically designed on one of the sheet 31 surface or by means of An input to the arithmetic unit of at least one coordinate, which in each case indicates a position of a point to be formed in the printing technology or trained surface, is selected in each case at least one point.
3. c) A respective position of the at least one selected point is determined in the arithmetic unit in a coordinate system related to the sheet-fed printing machine in each case as a reference point 41 for the adaptation of the at least one length of the surface to be formed by printing technology.
4. d) From a connected to the arithmetic unit detection means 60 is at least one of the selected selected reference point 41 different, belonging to the printing technology trained area of this sheet 31 point each detected as a measuring point 42 of a printing technology trained surface having.
5. e) In the coordinate system related to the sheet-fed press, a respective position of the at least one detected measuring point 42 is determined.
6. f) With regard to the printed sheet concerned having the detected measuring point 42 having an actual distance between the respective Position of the at least one of the respective sheet 31 detected measuring point 42 and the respective position of the at least one selected reference point 41 determined.
7. g) The determined actual distance is compared by the arithmetic unit with that desired distance, which has the position corresponding to the relevant detected measuring point 42 in the area underlying the definition of the position of the reference point 41 from the position of the relevant reference point 41.
8. h) The arithmetic unit adjusts depending on a determined deviation of the actual distance from the desired distance by an output of a control signal to the at least one further printed sheet 31 the respective surface pressure engineering device each forming at least one length of the respective at least another sheet 31 each equal in size to be formed by printing technology.

In the aforementioned method, the respective position of the at least one reference point 41 is excluded from the adaptation of the at least one length of the relevant surface. In a preferred embodiment of this method, a plurality of measuring points 42 are detected simultaneously by the detection device 60 connected to the control computer or to the arithmetic unit in a same detection process. These measuring points 42 may be distributed basically arbitrarily on the printed sheet 31, but it is advantageous, they each z. B. in an edge region of the relevant sheet 31 to capture. In the case of a plurality of measuring points 42 detected by the detection device 60, the arithmetic unit determines an angle between two points formed by these measuring points 42 and originating from their common reference point 41 and compares the determined actual angle with one for these two measuring points 42 provided with the relevant reference point 41 target angle and fits in the case of an impermissible deviation between the actual angle and the target angle to the on at least one further printed sheet 31, the respective surface printing technology forming Device output control signal to minimize this deviation. In the case of a plurality of measuring points detected by the detection device 60, the arithmetic unit preferably determines a different reference point 41 for at least one of these measuring points 42 than for at least one other of these measuring points 42. The definition of a plurality of reference points 41 for the same printed sheet 31 in the case of a plurality of the detection device 60 With respect to the respective printed sheet 31 detected measuring points 42 gives the possibility to locally compensate for deformations of a printing sheet 31. This possibility is particularly advantageous if, on the relevant printed sheet 31, an application of at least one printing ink and / or an entry of dampening solution is very different locally and therefore very different deformations occur locally with respect to this printing sheet 31, which are only one and each the same are not triggered by the arithmetic unit or at least not sufficiently compensated.

A first initiated by the arithmetic unit action consists for. B. in that in a plurality of printing units 01; 02; 03 sheet having a sheet drive, in particular a direct drive DA of a first plate cylinder 07 this sheetfed press relative to the respective drive, in particular the respective direct drive DA at least one other, ie second plate cylinder 07 this sheetfed press is controlled such that by a positive or negative acceleration of at least a respective plate cylinder 07 adjusts the offset due to the deformations of the sheet 31 error compensating offset in the rotation angle between the first plate cylinder 07 and the at least one other, ie second plate cylinder 07, said offset in the rotation angle between the first plate cylinder 07 and the at least one other , ie second plate cylinder 07 z. B. only for a piece of bow, this elbow is smaller than a full revolution of the plate cylinder 07 concerned. In this respect, the rotation of the relevant plate cylinder 07 is impressed on the set as a result of the deformations of the sheet 31 error compensating modulation. A second triggered by the arithmetic unit action can, for. B. in a set as a result of the deformations of the sheet 31 error compensating axial adjustment of at least one of the plate cylinder 07 involved in the printing process.

Another triggered by the arithmetic unit action consists z. Example is that the arranged on a plate cylinder 07 printing plate 08 in the circumferential direction B of this plate cylinder 07 and / or in the axial direction A in particular by means of a displacement of the at least one clamping element 20 is stretched or compressed. The deformations of the printing sheet 31 form the surface to be formed by printing technology z. B. trapezoidal or parallelogram-like or at least one edge with at least one buckle instead of rectangular.

In a very advantageous embodiment of the aforementioned method, the adaptation of the at least one length of the relevant surface is carried out as a function of at least one process parameter, wherein the process parameter is a distribution of a surface coverage with at least one printing ink on the relevant sheet 31 or the printing speed of the sheet-fed press or a torque a main drive of the sheet-fed printing press or a torque of a direct drive DA of a plate cylinder 07 of the sheet-fed press or a pressure in one of the respective sheet 31 traversed printing gap between two cooperating printing cylinders of the sheet-fed press or a dampening solution guide in a relevant printing unit 01; 02; 03 of the sheet-fed printing machine or a coefficient of dampening of the material of the relevant sheet 31 or a moisture difference in the respective sheet 31 between their stack in a sheet feeder and in a sheet delivery of the sheet-fed press concerns.

The adaptation of the relevant length of the printing technology concerned Surface and / or the adjustment of the actual angle to the target angle is usually performed in a current production of the sheet-fed press.

Fig. 6 shows an example of a printing sheet 31 with it in the printing process z. B. rectangular shaped or at least trainees surface 32, said surface 32 z. B. represents a printed image 32. With respect to this printing sheet 31, a cartesian coordinate system based on the sheet-fed printing press applies, the origin 33 of which is placed in a plane orthogonal to the transport plane of the printing sheet 31, along the transport path of this printing sheet 31, this plane being at the position of half an axial usable length for the printing process a printing cylinder, z. B. a counter-pressure cylinder 04 or a forme cylinder 07 or a transfer cylinder 06 of this sheet-fed press is arranged. An advancing in the transport direction end of this sheet 31 is during its transport through the sheet-fed press with a fastening means, for. B. held with a clamping means on the lateral surface of the respective impression cylinder 04. A trailing in the direction of transport end of this sheet 31 is z. B. on the lateral surface of the relevant counter-pressure cylinder 04 loose. An abscissa X of the coordinate system extends z. B. in the axial direction A of the printing cylinder, z. B. the impression cylinder 04 or the forme cylinder 07 or the transfer cylinder 06 of this sheet-fed press, whereas the associated ordinate Y in the circumferential direction B of this printing cylinder, z. B. this impression cylinder 04 or this forme cylinder 07 or this transfer cylinder 06 runs.

In order to be able to determine a correction requirement that is required due to a deformation of the printed sheet 31, at least one reference point 41 is determined in a computing unit with respect to the coordinate system related to the sheet-fed printing press. This is done by one of the three method steps mentioned below, namely in that either in a preview data displayed on a display device connected to the arithmetic unit from the on the respective Printed sheet 31 each surface to be formed by printing technology 32 or in a displayed on the display unit connected to the arithmetic unit photographic representation of the printing on a form 31 formed surface 32 or by an executed by means of an arithmetic unit operating input to the arithmetic unit of at least one coordinate, each one position of a located in the printing technology trainee or trained surface 32 points, each selected at least one point and the respective position of the selected point in each case as a reference point 41 for adjusting the at least one length of the printing technology trainee surface 32 is determined. The respective position of the at least one reference point 41 is assumed to be in need of correction and is therefore preferably excluded from the adaptation of the at least one length of the relevant surface 32.

Then, by a connected to the arithmetic unit detection means 60, z. B. with at least one camera from a printing technology trained surface 32 having printed sheet 31 at least one of the respective selected reference point 41 different, to the printing technology formed surface 32 belonging to this sheet 31 point each detected as a measuring point 42. The arithmetic unit then determines a respective position of the at least one detected measuring point 42 in the coordinate system related to the sheet-fed printing machine. If the same measuring point 42 is detected by the detecting device 60 over a plurality of printed sheets 31, the arithmetic unit determines z. Example, not only the position of this measuring point 42 on the respective sheet 31, but preferably also forms an average of the respective positions over a predetermined number of printed sheets 31, in which case this formed for the position of the respective measuring point 42 average of a further evaluation, z. B. is based on a distance calculation for the relevant reference point 41.

After in the arithmetic unit both the respective position of at least one Reference point 41 defined and the respective position of at least one detected measuring point 42 - directly or as an average - have been determined in each case with respect to the reference to the sheetfed press coordinate system is from the arithmetic unit with respect to the respective detected measuring point 42 having printed sheet 31 in particular a Actual distance s1; s2 between the respective position of the at least one of the respective printed sheet 31 detected measuring point 42 and the respective position of the at least one selected reference point 41 determined. Subsequently, the determined actual distance s1; s2 is compared by the arithmetic unit with the nominal distance that the position corresponding to the respective detected measuring point 42 has in the surface 32 defining the position of the reference point 41 from the position of the relevant reference point 42. The nominal distance is z. B. provided by the prepress or by a responsible for controlling the printing process production planning system. Thereafter, the arithmetic unit fits in dependence on a deviation of the actual distance s1 determined by it; s2 from the nominal distance by outputting a preferably electrical control signal to a device which forms the respective surface 32 by printing technology on at least one further printed sheet 31, ie at least one of the printing units 01; 02; 03 of the sheet-fed press, in each case at least a length of each on the respective at least one further sheet 31 in each case the same size to be formed by printing technology surface 32 at. In the case of a plurality of measuring points 42, which are detected simultaneously by the detection device 60, preferably in the same detection process, the arithmetic unit preferably also determines an angle φ between two points defined by these measuring points 42 and originating from their common reference point 41 as an actual angle and compares the determined actual angle with one provided for these two measuring points 42 in connection with the relevant reference point 41, z. B. from the pre-press or from the responsible for the control of the printing process production planning system provided target angle. In the case of a deviation between the actual angle and the setpoint angle that goes beyond a previously defined tolerance limit and therefore impermissible the arithmetic unit then indicates the control signal to be output to the device 32 that forms the respective surface 32 on at least one further printed sheet 31 in order to minimize this deviation. In this case, the adjustment of the respective length of the relevant printing technology trainee surface 32 and / or the adjustment of the actual angle to the target angle is usually performed in a current production of the sheet-fed press.

As described, a method for adapting a cylinder elevator 08 to a change of substrate in printing machines can be carried out, in which the printing machine has at least two printing units 01; 02; 03, each printing unit 01; 02; 03 comprises a printing forme cylinder 07 with at least one clamping device 15 for clamping a cylinder elevator 08 and a printing material-carrying cylinder 04, wherein the clamping device 15 has a clamping member 18 or a clamping element 18 which is adapted to adapt the cylinder elevator 08 to the printing material change in the circumferential direction B of the plate cylinder 07 is shifted and / or divided into a plurality of clamping segments 20 and individual clamping elements 20, which are displaced in the axial direction of the plate cylinder 07, wherein the adjustment of the cylinder elevator 08 takes place at the substrate change under contact with the surface of at least one rotating body. As a rotational body z. B. a blanket cylinder 06, an inking roller 10 or a dampener roller 13 is used. The cylinder lift 08 is during contact with the rotational body in the circumferential direction B under a tensile stress FZ, said tensile stress FZ corresponds at most to the tensile stress FZ, under which the cylinder winding 08 is clamped on the plate cylinder 07.

There is also provided a device for adjusting a printed image and / or a cylinder elevator 08 to a substrate change in printing machines, wherein the printing machine at least two printing units 01; 02; 03, each printing unit 01; 02; 03, a printing plate cylinder 07 and a printing material-carrying Cylinder 04 comprises and on the respective pressure cylinders 07 each at least one cylinder winding 08 is clamped, such that the respective plate cylinder 07 each having a cylinder channel 14 with a clamping device 15 associated therewith, such that the respective clamping device 15 has at least one clamping member 18, 31 , by which the respective cylinder elevator 08 in the circumferential direction B and in the axial direction A of the respective plate cylinder 07 is variable and the respective plate cylinder 07 has a drive for generating a differential angle between the respective plate cylinder 07 and the druckstoffführenden cylinder 04 during the circulation of the respective Compression-molded cylinder 07 is formed, wherein the clamping members 18, 31 are remotely adjustable. In this case, preferably at least one of the clamping members 18, 31 in the circumferential direction B of the respective plate cylinder 07 is displaceable, wherein at least one of the clamping members 18, 31 is divided into clamping segments 20, wherein the clamping segments 20 are starting from the center of each cylinder elevator 08 each sideways displaced.

Alternatively or additionally, a device for adapting a printed image and / or a cylinder elevator 08 is provided to a substrate change in printing machines, wherein the printing machine at least two printing units 01; 02; 03, each printing unit 01; 02; 03 comprises a printing forme cylinder 07 with at least one clamping device 15 for clamping a cylinder elevator 08 and a cylinder 04 which feeds the printing material, wherein the clamping device 15 comprises a clamping member 18 divided into a plurality of clamping segments 20; 31, the clamping segments 20 for changing the dimension of the respective cylinder elevator 08 in the axial direction A of the respective printing forme cylinder 07 are displaceable and the respective plate cylinder 07 has a drive for generating a differential angle between the respective plate cylinder 07 and the druckstoffführenden cylinder 04 during the Circulation of the relevant printing forme cylinder 07 is formed, wherein the clamping segments 20 at least one activatable force generating element 35 is associated. In this case, the force generating element 35 z. B. as a hydraulic means or as a pneumatic Means, e.g. B. as a hose, or as an electromechanical means, for. B. designed as an electric motor.

Furthermore, a device for adapting a printed image and / or a cylinder elevator 08 to a printing material change in printing presses can be provided, wherein the printing press at least two printing units 01; 02; 03, each printing unit 01; 02; 03 each having a plate cylinder 07 with at least one clamping device 15 for clamping a cylinder elevator 08 and a printing material-carrying cylinder 04, wherein the clamping device 15, a clamping member 18, 31, which can be displaced to adjust the cylinder elevator 08 to the substrate change in the circumferential direction B of the respective plate cylinder 07 and is divided into a plurality of clamping segments 20 which are displaceable in the axial direction A of the relevant printing forme cylinder 07, wherein the clamping segments 20 at least one activatable force generating element 35 is associated. In this case, the force generating element 35 z. B. as a hydraulic means or as a pneumatic means, for. B. as a hose, or as an electromechanical means, for. B. designed as an electric motor.

Also, a device for adjusting a printed image and / or a cylinder elevator 08 may be provided to a substrate change in printing machines, wherein the printing machine at least two printing units 01; 02; 03, each printing unit 01; 02; 03 each having a printing forme cylinder 07 with at least one clamping device 15 for clamping a cylinder elevator 08 and a druckstoffführenden cylinder 04, wherein the clamping device 15 has at least one clamping member 18 which is formed so that the cylinder elevator 08 is remotely adjustable by this, such that the clamping member 18 is displaceable in the circumferential direction of the respective printing forme cylinder 07, wherein for displacing the clamping member 18 in the circumferential direction, a pneumatic means, for. B. a hose is provided.

Furthermore, with the previously described several, arranged in series printing units 01; 02; 03 and / or Lackwerke having processing machine, for. B. printing machine, in particular sheet-fed printing press a method operable in which, while the sheet-fed printing machine executes a current print job, at least one printing unit 01; 02; 03 / Lackwerk from the composite of the current print job exporting printing 01; 02; 03 / Lackwerke is spun off and on this printing 01; 02; 03 / Lackwerk a follow-up order is prepared, such that in a control computer, both the order-related data of directly on this printing 01; 02; 03 / Lackwerk previously executed print job as well as the on this printing 01; 02; 03 / Lackwerk following print job are provided that the divergence of the order-related data is determined that on this basis, the optimal sequence and the duration of the processing steps for the preparation of the follow-up order is calculated that the printing unit 01; 02; 03 / Lackwerk is prepared on the basis of the calculated values for the subsequent order and that subsequently this printing unit 01; 02; 03 / coating unit is integrated to execute the follow-up order. The control computer can store both the values for the zonal area coverage of the printing unit 01; 02; The divergence of this data serves as the basis for the calculation of the optimal sequence and the duration of the processing steps for the preparation of the follow-up order. To a sequence belong z. B. at least two of the processing steps clean printing, washing the inking rollers, changing the printing plates, loading a new color profile, inking the inking unit or coloring the printing plates. A time of the beginning of the preparation of the follow-up order is z. B. calculated so that the beginning of the preparation of the subsequent order is determined so that at the time of incorporation of the printing unit 01; 02; 03 / Lackwerks the preparation of the follow-up order is completed. The incorporation of the printing unit 01; 02; 03 / Lackwerks takes place z. B. immediately after the completion of the preparations, wherein z. B. immediately after Achieving the optimal coloring of the inking unit, the printing plate is colored and the integration takes place. The incorporation into the current printing process is preferably done on the fly.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

01

printing unit

02

printing unit

03

printing unit

04

Cylinder, impression cylinder, transport body

05

Sheet transport device, transfer drum, transfer drum

06

Cylinder, transfer cylinder, blanket cylinder

07

Cylinder, forme cylinder, plate cylinder

08

Cylinder lift, printing form, printing plate, varnish plate, varnish cloth

09

inking

10

Inking roller

11

Inking roller

12

dampening

13

Dampener roller

14

Cylinder recess, cylinder channel

15

Fastening device, clamping device

16

Fastening means, clamping means, front

17

End, leading (08)

18

Clamping element, clamping element, fastening means, clamping means, rear

19

End, trailing (08)

20

Clamping element, clamping segment

21

Elevator storage, disc cartridge

22

-

23

Clamping element, terminal strip, outer

24

Clamping element, terminal strip, inner

25

Support element, clamping spindle

26

-

27

Displacement means, displacement spindle, hollow body, displacement hose

28

Support element, hollow body, hose hose, hose

29

Duct wall (07)

30

-

31

sheet

32

Print image; surface

33

Origin of a coordinate system

34

displacement means

35

Force generating element, force generator, displacement drive, first; Hollow body, expansion tube, pneumatic

36

Power transmission element, force transmitter, spiral spring, first

37

Junction, first; cylinder bearings

38

Junction, second; Tensioner bearings

39

Force (35)

40

Return element, compression spring, tension spring

41

reference point

42

Measuring point; pass mark

43

-

44

-

45

dovetail guide

46

Bales (07)

47

Rotation axis (07)

48

guide rail

49

reason

50

-

51

spring element

52

holder

53

piston

54

-

55

gear train

56

control unit

57

Overlay computer

58

first correction signal

59

computer unit

60

detector

61

second correction signal

62

actuating signal

63

drive control

A

Direction, transverse direction, axial

B

Direction, circumferential direction

THERE

direct drive

FZ

Counterforce or tension of the cylinder lift (08)

FF

Counterforce of the spring element (51)

FH

Pressure or driving force of the hollow body (28)

FA; FB

Executives along the guide rail (48)

FAr; SBrk

Frictional forces along the guide rail (48)

KW1

first angle-related correction values

CW2

second angle-related correction values

LW1

Actual position values of the first printing cylinder

LW2

Actual position values of the further printing cylinder

S

Travel Range

X

Abscissa of the coordinate system

Y

Ordinate of the coordinate system

a

distance

b

distance

s1; s2

Actual distance

φ

corner

Claims (15)

1. A method for adapting at least one print image to a printing material change in a printing machine, in which at least one cylinder dressing (08) is arranged on the lateral surface of a plate cylinder (07), in which a tensile stress (FZ) is established within the relevant cylinder dressing (08), characterized in that at least two cylinder dressings (08) are each arranged on different plate cylinders (07), in which in each case a tensile stress (FZ) is established in these cylinder dressings (08), in which case the respective tensile stress (FZ) is subsequently passed into the respective cylinder dressing (08), which is arranged on a second plate cylinder (07) relative to the clamping element (20) which is adjusted at a position on the first plate cylinder (07), wherein the adaptation to the printing material change is carried out during the rotation of the second plate cylinder (07) in the circumferential direction (B) thereof in addition to the displacement of the relevant clamping element (20) with a drive of the second plate cylinder (07) by means of a controlled and/or regulated rotational movement of said plate cylinder (07), wherein a profile of an angular position of the second plate cylinder (07) relative to an angular position of a cylinder (04; 06) guiding printing material is controlled or regulated.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that an adjustment and/or the passing of the respective tensile stress (FZ) in the respective cylinder dressing (08) of the relevant plate cylinder (07) respectively takes place by means of a control computer controlling the relevant clamping element (20), wherein the adaptation of the at least one cylinder dressing (08) to the printing material change occurs on the basis of specific data for the respective cylinder dressing (08) stored in at least one memory connected to the control computer, wherein the specific data for the respective cylinder dressing (08) relate respectively to a height and/or a type of the relevant cylinder dressing (08).
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the relevant clamping element (20) is respectively displaced by a drive force (FH) directed at the relevant tensile stress (FG), as a result of which the respective tensile stress (FZ) is respectively established in the axial direction (A) and or in the circumferential direction (B) of the respective plate cylinder (07).
4. The method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the relevant clamping element (20) is displaced by means of a pneumatic adjustment means or by an adjustment means designed as a motor.
5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that in the case of a reduction of the drive force (FH) at least one of the clamping elements (20) remains below a threshold value at its position in the state of self-retention.
6. The method according to at least one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the control computer, under consideration of the specific data for the respective cylinder dressing (08) and/or further specific data for the respective plate cylinder (07) and/or for the printing material to be printed in the print job to be processed and/or under consideration of the of process-specific data respective correction values are determined which are used to control at least one of the clamping elements (20) in the relevant plate cylinder (07).
7. The method according to at least one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the respective specific data are respectively stored in dependence on at least one variable process parameter and/or variable machine parameter during the processing of the relevant print job, wherein the variable process parameters relate to a production speed of the printing machine and/or an item of information about an area coverage of the printing material and/or an item of information about the temperature and/or humidity of the air surrounding the printing material, and/or wherein the variable machine parameters relate to a setting of an inking unit (09) of the printing machine and/or a setting of a dampening unit (12) of the printing machine and/or a setting of a compression between the printing material and a transfer cylinder (06) of the printing material cooperating with the relevant plate cylinder (07) and/or a respective position of the at least one clamping element (20) prior to processing of the print job.
8. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the respective tensile stress (FZ) is set respectively for at least one of the clamping elements (20) in setting up the printing machine for a pending print job and is passed during processing of this print job for adaptation to the printing material change.
9. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the adaptation of the at least one cylinder dressing (08) and/or the adaptation of the print image (32) to the printing material change occurs respectively on the basis of specific data for a printing material to be printed in the pending print job stored in the at least one memory, wherein these specific data for the printing material to be printed in the pending print job relate to an information item about its type or material and/or its grammage and/or its fiber alignment and/or its thickness and/or its length and/or width and/or the state of its surface to be processed or its wet stretching conduct.
10. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the specific data used for the respective adjustment and/or passing of the at least one clamping element (20) are respectively acquired by the control computer, in that several printed sheets being processed in sequence in the printing machine, among which respectively at least one parameter in the printing machine was changed, are respectively detected by a detection device (60) and respectively compared with a reference, wherein dependent on the deviations to the reference determined in the comparison, the control computer automatically determines correction values and stores them in the relevant memory for use in the respective adjustment and/or passing of the at least one clamping element (20).
11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the reference is formed by another printed sheet or by a printing template from a pre-printing stage.
12. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the specific data for the clamped cylinder dressing (08) and/or the specific data for the printing material to be printed in the pending print job are entered into the control computer by an operator of the printing machine or selected from the memory connected to the control computer.
13. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a sheet-fed printing press is used as a printing machine.
14. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that in the printing process several different printing inks are printed in precise position uniformly on top of and/or next to one another.
15. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the printing material is printed in an offset printing method.

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