EP3201463A1 - Système d'allumage et procédé permettant de contrôler les électrodes d'une bougie d'allumage d'un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Système d'allumage et procédé permettant de contrôler les électrodes d'une bougie d'allumage d'un moteur à combustion interne

Info

Publication number
EP3201463A1
EP3201463A1 EP15753632.7A EP15753632A EP3201463A1 EP 3201463 A1 EP3201463 A1 EP 3201463A1 EP 15753632 A EP15753632 A EP 15753632A EP 3201463 A1 EP3201463 A1 EP 3201463A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark
characteristic
ignition
ignition system
boost converter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15753632.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tim Skowronek
Thomas Pawlak
Wolfgang Sinz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3201463A1 publication Critical patent/EP3201463A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
    • F02P9/002—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
    • F02P9/002—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression
    • F02P9/007—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression by supplementary electrical discharge in the pre-ionised electrode interspace of the sparking plug, e.g. plasma jet ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
    • F02P15/10—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits having continuous electric sparks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F02P2017/121—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current by measuring spark voltage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F02P2017/123—Generating additional sparks for diagnostics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/0407—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with electronic switching means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/06—Other installations having capacitive energy storage
    • F02P3/08—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/0876—Layout of circuits the storage capacitor being charged by means of an energy converter (DC-DC converter) or of an intermediate storage inductance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/58—Testing
    • H01T13/60—Testing of electrical properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T15/00—Circuits specially adapted for spark gaps, e.g. ignition circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ignition system and a method for checking electrodes of a spark gap of an ignition system for a combustion chamber of a spark-ignited internal combustion engine.
  • the present invention relates to the inspection of the electrodes during operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the present invention relates to an ignition system for a
  • the present invention relates to an ignition system for internal combustion engines, to which increased
  • GB717676 shows a step-up transformer for an ignition system in which a controlled via a vibration switch circuit part is used in the manner of a boost converter to supply a spark generated by the step-up transformer with electrical energy.
  • WO 2009/106100 A1 shows a circuit arrangement designed in accordance with a high-voltage capacitor ignition system, in which energy stored in a capacitor is conducted on the one hand to the primary side of a transformer and on the other hand via a bypass with a diode on a spark gap.
  • US 2004/000878 A1 shows an ignition system in which a secondary-side accumulator comprising a plurality of capacitors is charged in order to supply a spark generated by means of a transformer with electrical energy.
  • WO9304279 A1 shows an ignition system with two energy sources.
  • Energy source transmits electrical energy through a transformer to a spark gap, while the second energy source between a
  • High voltage generator generates a spark, which then supplied by a boost converter with electrical energy and
  • Ignition system can lead.
  • a check of the electrode spacing for example, by removing the spark plugs and measuring the
  • Electrode distance can be made. During operation, however, occurring malfunctions can not be clearly assigned.
  • the object identified above is achieved by a method for checking electrodes of a spark gap of an ignition system for a combustion chamber of a spark-ignition internal combustion engine.
  • a spark is generated at the spark gap in an operating condition in which ignition of an ignitable mixture in the combustion chamber occurs
  • Combustion chamber does not take place.
  • the spark for this purpose can be generated in such a power stroke of the internal combustion engine, in which there is no ignitable mixture in the combustion chamber.
  • a parameter representing the spark current and / or the spark voltage and / or the spark duration is determined.
  • the parameter may also be a characteristic function determined over time. In this case, the time course of the parameter over time is characterized and evaluated. Subsequently, the parameter or the characteristic is compared with a predefined reference.
  • the reference may, for example, designate target values for the parameter or nominal characteristics of the characteristic over time.
  • ranges for spark current, spark voltage and / or duration can be defined, in which the characteristic or characteristic may not be advised.
  • too low a spark current, too high a spark voltage or too short spark duration for a safe mixture ignition in the combustion chamber is problematic.
  • Be mixture flame This can be done in particular depending on a difference of the parameter or the characteristic and the reference.
  • the adjustment of the energy can be made for a current or a future ignition process. This will be one for the
  • Mixture ignition used appropriate energy, so that a safe mixture ignition at an electrically high efficiency of
  • the reference may be designed as a first threshold, which is determined based on the electrode spacing during the initial startup of the ignition system (eg factory) and taking into account a maximum allowable wear.
  • a first threshold which is determined based on the electrode spacing during the initial startup of the ignition system (eg factory) and taking into account a maximum allowable wear.
  • several values can also be used as a reference or a continuous assignment of a reference function and corresponding measures for adapting the electrical energy provided be provided. While discrete values require less memory as a reference, a continuous reference function provides the best possible adjustment to the operation of the ignition system.
  • the spark can be generated, for example, with a primary voltage generator and in particular with a step-up converter, preferably exclusively with the step-up converter, maintained (corresponding to an ignition system, as disclosed in DE 102013 218 227 A).
  • Such an arrangement allows an exact control of the electric energy given to the spark gap, in the knowledge of which the determined parameter can be evaluated very accurately to determine conclusions on, for example, a distance between the electrodes
  • comparing the characteristic to the reference may include thresholding. Decreases or increases the parameter or the
  • Characteristic below or above a predefined threshold may be one of the threshold undershoots or overshoots associated class for the
  • Measures can be initiated.
  • a characteristic function determined over time in which also the reference is at least two times
  • Characteristic of the characteristic function are evaluated, classified and used as a reason for the initiation of countermeasures.
  • a preferred time for generating the spark is such
  • the spark may be generated in an exhaust stroke, wherein preferably the intake valves of the internal combustion engine are closed.
  • the intake valves of the internal combustion engine are closed.
  • Substantial stationary spark current and / or a substantially stationary electrical power can be suitable
  • States in the combustion chamber can be generated by the activation of the boost converter, in response to what the electrode state or distance as a substantially sole cause of a current value of the characteristic can be determined particularly well. If a spark-ignition voltage exceeds the reference as a parameter and / or a spark current as the characteristic falls below the reference, the ignition system can be made to have a higher spark current and / or a higher voltage supply and / or a higher output power
  • the ignition system can thus be made to provide a higher voltage supply, since the voltage requirement for
  • the voltage generating unit must be supplied with more electrical energy, which can be done for example by a so-called.
  • Boosf 'operation provided in the ignition system boost converter (HSS), in which from a comparatively low input voltage, a higher
  • the ignition system can be made to provide a higher output power (and thus a higher spark current), which can be realized, for example, via a changed operating mode of a mixture ignition boost converter provided in the ignition system
  • Voltage supply can be compensated for an increased distance / erosion state of the electrodes in certain areas. An exchange of the electrodes can be delayed in this way, without jeopardizing the reliability of the ignition system according to the invention.
  • the characteristic variable or the characteristic function can preferably be determined in a stationary state (unchanging over time). This may relate in particular to the electrical processes and / or the chemical processes in the combustion chamber or at the spark gap. Stationary operations allow an accurate determination of the characteristic or the characteristic, which in turn allows an exact determination of required measures is possible.
  • an electrical voltage it can be determined whether an exceeding condition is satisfied by determining whether the spark gap spark exceeds the predefined reference.
  • an electric current is used as a predefined reference, it can be determined whether a
  • Underrun condition is met by determining whether the spark current or an output current of a boost converter used to energize the spark gap is below the reference. In response to the overflow condition or the underflow condition, a voltage supply for spark generation can be increased. Alternatively or additionally, an output power of a used
  • Primary voltage generator or a boost converter can be increased.
  • the detected e.g., measured
  • Electrodes are classified. In response to this, an error signal can be output which, for example, leads to the display of a corresponding message in a vehicle equipped with the ignition system or to a fault memory entry which can be read out in a workshop. If replacement of the electrodes is required, replacement can be made quickly in this way.
  • the voltage supply at the electrodes of the spark gap can be
  • the second threshold For example, be increased gradually until a predetermined second threshold is reached. Subsequently, it can be checked whether the parameter and / or characteristic has reached or have reached a suitable value with respect to the reference.
  • the second threshold For example, be increased gradually until a predetermined second threshold is reached. Subsequently, it can be checked whether the parameter and / or characteristic has reached or have reached a suitable value with respect to the reference.
  • Ignition system and / or a permanent reliability of the ignition system are no longer guaranteed.
  • an error signal indicating the necessary replacement of the electrodes may be output.
  • the error signal can be stored, for example, in an error memory and / or for optical and / or acoustic
  • Output of a signal to a user of the ignition system can be used.
  • an ignition system for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine includes a spark gap, a primary voltage generator for generating a
  • Primary voltage generator can be configured for example as ignition coil or as ignition transformer.
  • the evaluation unit can be used, for example, as a programmable processor, programmable controller, ASIC or FPGA (Field
  • the ignition system can evaluate the characteristic and / or the characteristic of the electrical state variables on the spark gap and predefined references.
  • the evaluation unit which can evaluate the characteristic and / or the characteristic of the electrical state variables on the spark gap and predefined references, the ignition system according to the invention is adapted to carry out a method as has been described in detail in connection with the first aspect of the invention.
  • the features, combinations of features and the advantages resulting therefrom correspond to those set forth in connection with the first aspect of the invention so that reference is made to the above statements to avoid repetition.
  • the ignition system according to the invention can also have a step-up converter for maintaining a spark whose output lies in an electrical mesh with the spark gap.
  • the boost converter is on set up in this way, a predefined electrical variable, in particular an output current and / or an output voltage and / or a
  • the determined characteristics or the determined characteristic function in conjunction with the predefined reference can directly allow conclusions to be drawn about the electrodes of the spark gap. If the ignition system or its evaluation by the result of
  • Comparing the characteristic / characteristic with the predefined reference determines the need for this, it may be the operation of the boost converter, so its electrical output or the voltage supply of
  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram according to a first embodiment of an ignition system according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows an illustration of crank angle ranges in which the ignition spark according to the invention can advantageously be generated
  • Figure 3 is a flow chart illustrating steps of a
  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit of an ignition system 1, which has a
  • Step-up transformer 2 comprises as a high voltage generator whose
  • Primary side 3 can be supplied from an electrical energy source 5 via a first switch 30 with electrical energy.
  • the secondary side 4 of the step-up transformer 2 is supplied via an inductive coupling of the primary coil 8 and the secondary coil 9 with electrical energy and has a the prior art diode 23 for power-on suppression, which diode 23 can alternatively be replaced by the diode 21.
  • a spark gap 6 is provided to ground 14, via which the Zündstrom ⁇ 2 is to ignite the combustible gas mixture.
  • the spark gap 6 is located at the ignition usually a fluctuating spark ignition voltage U burn on.
  • a boost converter 7 between the electric
  • Power source 5 and the secondary side 4 of the step-up transformer 2 is provided. Further, an inductor 15 is connected via a switch 22 and a diode 16 to a capacitor 10, whose one end is connected to the secondary coil 9 and the other end to the electrical ground 14. The inductance serves as an energy store in order to maintain a current flow.
  • the diode 16 is oriented in the direction of the capacitance 10 conductive.
  • the switches 22, 27 are arranged to respond to a defined range of the current intensity i 2 through the secondary coil 9.
  • the diode 16 facing terminal of the switch 22 is connected via a further switch 27 to the electrical ground 14 connectable.
  • a Zener diode 21 is a Zener diode 21 in
  • the switching signal 29 outlines a simultaneous alternating signal between "closed” and
  • Switch 27 to load this energy back to the capacitor 10.
  • the control 31 of the switch 30 provided in the primary side 3 can be seen kept significantly shorter than that for the switches 22 and 27 is the case. Since the switch 22 does not assume a decisive function for the processes according to the invention, but merely switches the circuit on or off, this is merely optional and can therefore also be dispensed with. If, according to the invention, such a time is selected for the generation of the spark at the spark gap 6, at which the spark-burning voltage U b is essentially independent of the gas mixture within the combustion chamber, electrical characteristics at the spark gap 6 can be determined, for example, via the shunt 19 in the evaluation unit 36 of the ignition system are evaluated for conclusions on the electrode spacing. By way of the output-side capacitance 10, the boost converter 7 provides to PO an electric power adapted in response to the aforesaid evaluation in order to determine the duration of the
  • FIG. 2 shows suitable regions for generating the spark proposed according to the invention over the crank angle. While the to
  • Crank angle ranges 13 between 180 ° and 360 ° and between 900 ° and
  • FIG. 3 shows steps of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention.
  • step 100 a spark at the spark gap in a
  • the spark is therefore in an ejection
  • step 200 a spark current characteristic over time is determined and compared in step 300 with a predefined reference.
  • the need is determined, due to an erosion-induced increased electrode spacing in step 400, the spark current by increasing the output of a to maintain the
  • the present invention enables a reduction in the provision of electrical power that is always required in the prior art
  • spark erosion at the electrodes reduced.
  • the thermal and electrical stress of the components of the ignition system can be reduced.
  • the inventive method for example, every 1000 km driving route with the ignition system according to the invention
  • a performance can be provided every 5 to 10 hours of operation. It is crucial to ensure that the conditions in the combustion chamber are constant. In other words, temperature, pressure, flow velocity must be known or predictable, at least within narrow limits.
  • a suitable operating condition is
  • an idle at a predefined oil / cooling water temperature For example, an idle at a predefined oil / cooling water temperature.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'allumage ainsi qu'un procédé permettant de contrôler les électrodes d'un éclateur d'un système d'allumage pour une chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne à allumage commandé. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : production de l'étincelle au niveau de l'éclateur (6) dans un état de fonctionnement dans lequel le mélange inflammable ne s'enflamme pas dans la chambre de combustion, détermination d'une grandeur caractéristique ou d'une fonction caractéristique représentant l'intensité d'étincelle (i2) et/ou la tension d'étincelle (Ubrenn) et/ou la durée d'étincelle, comparaison de la grandeur caractéristique ou de la fonction caractéristique à une référence, adaptation d'une énergie servant à l'établissement de la tension pour la formation de l'étincelle et/ou pour le maintien d'une étincelle d'allumage pour enflammer le mélange, en particulier pour une future opération d'allumage, en fonction d'une différence entre la grandeur caractéristique ou la fonction caractéristique et la référence.
EP15753632.7A 2014-09-29 2015-08-03 Système d'allumage et procédé permettant de contrôler les électrodes d'une bougie d'allumage d'un moteur à combustion interne Withdrawn EP3201463A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014219722.8A DE102014219722A1 (de) 2014-09-29 2014-09-29 Zündsystem und Verfahren zur Überprüfung von Elektroden einer Funkenstrecke
PCT/EP2015/067817 WO2016050388A1 (fr) 2014-09-29 2015-08-03 Système d'allumage et procédé permettant de contrôler les électrodes d'une bougie d'allumage d'un moteur à combustion interne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3201463A1 true EP3201463A1 (fr) 2017-08-09

Family

ID=53938307

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15753632.7A Withdrawn EP3201463A1 (fr) 2014-09-29 2015-08-03 Système d'allumage et procédé permettant de contrôler les électrodes d'une bougie d'allumage d'un moteur à combustion interne

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US10156221B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3201463A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107076099A (fr)
BR (1) BR112017006484A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014219722A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016050388A1 (fr)

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DE102017111917B4 (de) * 2016-06-07 2023-08-24 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Verfahren zum Ermitteln der Notwendigkeit eines Zündkerzenwechsels
US10233891B1 (en) * 2017-10-23 2019-03-19 Caterpillar Inc. Controller for spark plug of engine
DE102018201057A1 (de) 2018-01-24 2019-07-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zündkerze mit Selbstdiagnose und Hochspannungskabel zur Selbstdiagnose einer Zündkerze sowie Verfahren zur Selbstdiagnose einer Zündkerze
JP7176201B2 (ja) * 2018-03-01 2022-11-22 株式会社デンソー 点火制御装置
EP3578804A1 (fr) 2018-06-07 2019-12-11 Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH Détermination du taux d'usure d'une électrode de bougie d'allumage pour un moteur à allumage commandé
EP3587792A1 (fr) * 2018-06-27 2020-01-01 Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH Contrôle dynamique d'énergie d'allumage d'une bougie d'allumage dans un moteur à combustion interne
US10648442B2 (en) * 2018-10-15 2020-05-12 Semiconductor Components Industries, Llc Circuit and method for coil current control
DE102018221816B3 (de) * 2018-12-14 2020-04-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Überprüfung eines Zündfunkens einer Zündkerze sowie Vorrichtung
JP6735877B1 (ja) * 2019-05-09 2020-08-05 三菱電機株式会社 点火装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2016050388A1 (fr) 2016-04-07
DE102014219722A1 (de) 2016-03-31
BR112017006484A2 (pt) 2018-06-26
CN107076099A (zh) 2017-08-18
US20170284358A1 (en) 2017-10-05
US10156221B2 (en) 2018-12-18

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