Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/17—Pivoting and rectilinearly-movable armatures
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
  • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
  • H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
  • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/14—Pivoting armatures
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
  • H01F7/1844—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
  • H02K33/16—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with polarised armatures moving in alternate directions by reversal or energisation of a single coil system
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
  • H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
  • H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
  • H02K41/031—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors of the permanent magnet type
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
  • H01F2007/086—Structural details of the armature
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
  • H01F2007/1692—Electromagnets or actuators with two coils
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
  • H01F7/1844—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
  • H01F2007/185—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits with armature position measurement
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
  • H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
  • H02K2201/06—Magnetic cores, or permanent magnets characterised by their skew

Definitions

• Magnetic device comprising stators and translators
• This invention relates to a magnetic device comprising at least one stator and a translator, wherein the stator and the translator each comprise at least one magnet with pole ends and a line of action of the magnet and the translator is linearly movable along a movement axis and / or rotationally about a movement axis in a direction of movement ,
• a relative movement between stator and translator a force state can be created, which force state is transmitted via the translator to further, not mentioned in the disclosure of the invention elements.
• the force state can cause a linear or rotary relative movement between the immovably mounted stator and the movably mounted translator, so that the translator can drive other elements.
• the magnetic device according to the invention can be used as a drive or as a generator.
• a magnetic drive according to the prior art comprises at least one stator and a translator, wherein the interaction of the magnets is determined by the magnetic flux between the mutually adjacent, associated surfaces of the magnets.
• WO2013034339 teaches that there is also an interaction between the magnets over all surfaces.
• the closed geometric shape may be provided by a stator action line, optionally by a stator extension line, a translator action line, and optionally a translator extension line when the stator and translator are movably connected to one another by a hinge.
• the closed geometric shape is formed by stator action lines, optionally by stator extension lines, a translator action line and, optionally, translator extension lines.
• the closed geometric shape is optionally formed by, for example, the stator extension line. It is thereby considered the case that the stator action line and the translator extension line have an intersection, so that the closed geometric shape is just formed by the stator action line, the translator extension line and translator action line.
• the translator extension line can not be part of the closed geometric shape.
• a line of action of a magnet extends between the pole ends of the magnet in this magnet.
• the cutting plane comprising the movement axis passes through the magnetic device.
• the magnetic device according to the invention can extend in one plane.
• An in-plane magnetic device may be, for example, a two-dimensional magnetic device.
• the sectional plane through the magnetic device extends in this first case in the plane of the magnetic device according to the invention.
• the magnetic device according to the invention can also be a three-dimensional body.
• the sectional plane intersects the magnetic device in the movement axis in this second case and has any orientation to the movement axis.
• the movement axis may form an axis of symmetry of the magnetic device.
• a magnet may have a polygonal shape, at the end of which the poles of the magnet are formed.
• the line of action extends between the poles, with the direction of the line of action at the pole being defined by the tangent.
• the geometric extension line is defined in the context of this invention as a beam parallel to the tangent, which beam extends away from the magnet.
• the lines of action are formed so that the lines of action and the extension lines form a closed shape.
• the sum of the torques, which are formed by the interaction forces F and the spacing of these forces from the axis of motion, can be zero.
• the translator may have a linear or polygonal axis of motion.
• the sum of the torques, which are formed by the interaction forces F and the spacing of these forces from the axis of motion, can be zero.
• the magnetic device of the present invention may include magnetic shielding elements disposed adjacent to the gap resulting between the magnets.
• Magnetic shielding elements are known in the art. Magnetic shielding elements may be formed, for example, of a ferromagnetic material.
• the movement axis may be the axis of symmetry of the magnetic device for portions of the magnetic device.
• the axis of movement may be the mirror axis, and in the case of a three-dimensional magnetic device, the axis of rotation.
• Figure 1 shows a possible first embodiment of a two-dimensional magnetic device according to the invention comprising a stator and a translator.
• Figure 2 shows a possible second embodiment of a two-dimensional magnetic device according to the invention, which comprises a stator and two translators.
• Figure 3 shows a possible third embodiment of the two-dimensional magnetic device according to the invention, which comprises two translators and a stator.
• Figure 4 and Figure 5 show a possible embodiment of a three-dimensional magnetic device according to the invention comprising two translators and a stator.
• FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 show a further possible embodiment of a three-dimensional magnetic device according to the invention.
• FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 show FEM simulations for FIG. 6.
• FIG. 1 shows a possible first embodiment of a magnetic device according to the invention.
• the magnet device comprises a flat stator 1 and a flat-shaped translator 2, wherein the stator 1 and the translator 2 each comprise a magnet 9 with pole ends and a line of action of the magnet.
• FIG. 1 thus shows a two-dimensional magnetic device, wherein the sectional plane 12 lies in the viewing plane of FIG.
• Translators 2 to the stator 1 no influence on the subject matter of the invention, namely the training of collimated magnetic fluxes between the magnets 9, has.
• the movement of the translator 2 can take place linearly parallel to the movement axis and / or rotationally about the movement axis 3.
• the polarity +/- of the magnets 9 is entered in FIG. 1, which is to be selected according to the conventional teaching, so that a movement of the translator 2 relative to the stator 1 can be caused by the interaction forces F.
• FIG. 1 In order to be able to perform a movement of the translator 1 in the movement direction 4 entered in FIG. 1 and in a direction of movement opposite thereto (not shown in FIG. 1), the person skilled in the art performs the magnets 9 as electromagnets. The polarity of electromagnets can be switched.
• the magnets 9 have a polygonal segmental shape.
• the magnets 9 have substantially the shape of arc segments.
• the centers 13 of the arc segments are arranged adjacent to each other.
• the centers 13 of the arc segments are on the movement axis 3, which movement axis 3 also forms the axis of symmetry of the magnetic device.
• the line of action of the magnets 9 has - with reference to the common teaching - the shape of an arc segment.
• the Stator Signsline 15 and the Translator Obersline 25 thus has the shape of an arc segment.
• the arc segment shape of the magnets 9 and the circular segment shape of the lines of action is represented by congruent lines.
• the geometric extension lines are geometric rays extending from the pole end of the magnet 9 as extension lines of the magnetic lines of action.
• the stator extension lines 16 of the stator action lines 15 are geometric beams that extend from the pole ends of the stator 1 as geometric tangents to the stator action line 15.
• the translator extension lines 26 of the translator action lines 25 are geometric rays that extend from the pole ends of the translator 2 as geometric tangents to the translational action line 15.
• the geometrical stator extensions 16 and translator extensions 26 intersect intersections 10 in a line of intersection.
• the geometrical stator extensions 16 and translator extensions 26 are parallel and congruent in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, for which reason a cut line comprising an intersection point 10 is present in the embodiment shown in FIG.
• the geometric stator extension 16 is oriented in the same way as the stator action line 15 in the end region of the magnet, in accordance with the teachings of geometry. The same applies to the translator action line 25 and the translator extension line 26.
• the lines of action 15, 25 and the geometric extensions 16,26 form a closed geometric shape regardless of the distance r of the translator to the stator. The magnetic flux between the magnets 9 of the stator 1 and the magnets 9 of the translator 2 are thus bundled.
• the movement axis 3 experiences no torque load due to the interaction forces F whose line of action are spaced from the movement axis 3.
• magnetic shielding elements 7 are arranged adjacent to the gap 8 resulting between the magnets.
• FIG. 2 shows a possible second embodiment of a two-dimensional magnetic device according to the invention.
• the magnetic device comprises a stator 1 and two translators 2.
• the translators 2 are movable along the movement axis 3 in the direction of movement 4.
• the cutting plane 12 encompassing the movement axis 3 extends in the viewing plane of FIG. 2.
• the cutting plane 12 thus extends through the magnetic device.
• the lines of action 15, 25 and the geometrical extension lines 16, 26 which are oriented in the same direction to these form a closed geometric shape.
• the extension lines 16,26 intersect each other in a cutting line comprising an intersection 10; in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the intersecting extension lines 16,26 are again congruent and parallel.
• the magnets 9 of the stator 1 are formed as flat rectangles.
• the magnets 9 of the stator are electromagnets.
• Figure 2 comprises a schematic representation of the winding 11.
• the Stator Signsline 15 extends in line with the current teaching linearly in the region of the stator 1.
• the Statorverinrungslinien 16 in turn extend away from the pole ends of the stator 1 as geometric rays, which also a tangent to form the stator action line 15.
• the magnets 9 of the translators 2 are formed as flat arc segments, wherein the centers 13 of the arc segments are arranged adjacent to the stators, so that the arc segments form concave surfaces to each other.
• the centers 13 lie on the movement axis 3.
• the magnets 9 of the translators 2 are designed as permanent magnets.
• the Translator Oberslinien 25 are following the usual teaching following in Figure 2 entered as a sheet.
• the translator extension lines 26 extend as geometric rays which form a tangent to the respective translational action line 25 at a pole end of the translator 2.
• Statorverinrungslinien 16 and the Translatorverinrungsline 26 are arranged in the gap 8 between the stator 1 and translator 2 congruent and parallel.
• FIG. 3 shows a possible third embodiment of a two-dimensional magnetic device according to the invention which is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG.
• the magnetic device in turn comprises a stator 1 and two translators 2.
• the stator 1 and the translators 2 have a planar design, which is why the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is a two-dimensional magnetic device.
• the cutting plane 12 extending through the magnetic device, which also encompasses the movement axis 3, extends in the image plane of FIG. 3.
• the translators 2 here have a polygonal shape.
• the effect of the third embodiment is less than that of the second embodiment, since in the third embodiment, the interaction forces F to the movement direction 4 have an angle.
• the stator 1 is formed as a rectangular magnet 9. Following the common teaching, the stator action line 15 and the stator extension line 16 extend in parallel.
• the translational action line 25 is drawn congruently with the translator 2 in FIG.
• the translator extension line 26 is oriented parallel to the translational action line 25 because of the linear shape of the translator action line 25 at the pole end of the translator 2.
• the extensions 16,26 intersect each other at the intersection 10, so that extensions 16,26 and lines of action 15,25 give a closed shape.
• the intersecting at the point 10 intersecting extensions 16,26 have an acute angle to each other 14, which acute angle 14 is entered as an example in Figure 3 for clarity.
• This closed Shape in turn causes the bundling of the magnetic fluxes.
• the translators 2 are designed as permanent magnets.
• the stators 1 are designed as electromagnets, wherein in Figure 3, the winding is shown schematically.
• FIG. 4 is a plan view of a three-dimensional magnetic device; FIG. 5 shows the associated sectional image.
• the magnet device comprises a stator 1 and two translators 2 arranged laterally relative to the stator 1.
• the stator 1 comprises-as clearly evident from FIG. 5-two rotary bodies in the form of hollow cylinders with different diameters whose axis of rotation coincides with the axis of movement 3.
• the translators 2 are formed as a torr, whose axis of rotation also coincides with the axis of movement 3.
• the translators are movably mounted along the movement axis 3 in the direction of movement 4.
• the translators 2 are designed as permanent magnets, the stator 1 as an electromagnet. It is shown in Figure 4 schematically the winding of the stator formed as an electromagnet 1; For reasons of clarity, this winding 11 is not entered in FIG. The winding 11 extends substantially between the bodies of rotation of the stator 1. With reference to the current teaching, a movement of the translators 2 relative to the stator 1 by a switching of the stator 1 infrastructureufbar. It is the polarity of the magnets 9 in Figure 4 is not shown for reasons of clarity; the skilled person selects these according to the usual teaching or based on the figures 1 to 3.
• the lines of action 15,25 and the extension lines 16,26 of the stator 1 and as a translator 2 formed magnets 9, which lines of action 15,25 in a the Motion axis 3 comprehensive sectional plane 11 extend through the magnetic device, form a closed geometric shape.
• the intersections (reference numeral 10) are not shown in Figure 4 for reasons of clarity.
• the magnetic flux between the magnets is bundled by this arrangement and design of the magnets.
• the forces F caused by the magnets 9 cause the translators 2 to move along the axis of movement 3.
• the sum of the torques formed by the forces F and the spacing of the respective force F from the axis of motion is zero.
• FIG. 5 shows a sectional plane 12, which is also entered in FIG.
• the magnetic device according to the invention is characterized in that further cutting planes 11 'can be formed by the three-dimensional magnetic device, wherein in any arbitrary Section plane 11,11 'the lines of action 15,25 and their extension lines 6 form a closed shape.
• FIG. 6 shows - similar to FIG. 4 - a sectional view through a three-dimensional embodiment of the magnetic device according to the invention.
• the magnet device comprising a stator 1 and a translator 2 arranged laterally to the stator 1 is shown in FIG.
• the stator 1 has the shape of a cylinder; the translators 2 have the shape of a torroid.
• the respective axis of symmetry of the cylinder and the torroids are congruent with the axis of motion.
• the stator 1 is designed as an electromagnet and the translator 2 as a permanent magnet.
• the translators 2 have a sickle-shaped shape.
• the stator 1 is arranged between the laterally arranged translators 2 and is moved along the movement axis 3 in the direction of movement 4.
• the translator line of action 25 in the cross-sectional sickle-shaped translator 2 extends arcuately and thus similar to the crescent shape of the translator 2 on the basis of the common teaching of a center of the pole end of the crescent-shaped translator 2 to the center of the other pole end of the crescent-shaped translator.
• the stator action line 15 also extends on the basis of the conventional teaching of a center of the pole end of the stator 1 to the other pole end of the stator 1. Since the stator 1 extends straight in the sectional view, the stator line of action 15 also extends straight.
• the stator extension line 16 and the translator extension line 26 are congruent so that these extension lines intersect.
• the area of the inner stator pole ends 17 and the area of the outer stator pole ends 18 are equal. Because of their smaller diameter, the inner stator pole ends 17 have a greater width than the outer stator pole ends 18. For this purpose, the area of the inner translator pole ends 19 and the area of the outer translator pole ends 20 are the same. The width of the outer translator pole ends 20 is smaller than the width of the inner translator pole ends due to the larger diameter of the outer translator pole ends 19. These ratios of the areas and the widths has the effect that a moment of force about the movement axis 3 is prevented.
• FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 show a FEM simulation of the magnetic device shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. It can be clearly seen the closing magnetic field lines.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Linear Motors (AREA)
• Electromagnets (AREA)
• Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
• Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
• Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

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Citations (4)

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• 2014
  • 2014-09-23 AT ATA727/2014A patent/AT515114B1/de active
• 2015
  • 2015-09-18 EP EP15791507.5A patent/EP3198619A1/de active Pending
  • 2015-09-18 WO PCT/EP2015/071471 patent/WO2016046084A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2015-09-18 KR KR1020177011127A patent/KR102336080B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2015-09-18 AU AU2015321004A patent/AU2015321004B2/en active Active
  • 2015-09-18 CA CA2966421A patent/CA2966421C/en active Active
  • 2015-09-18 JP JP2017516961A patent/JP6745454B2/ja active Active
  • 2015-09-18 CN CN201580063248.5A patent/CN107112880B/zh active Active
  • 2015-09-18 EA EA201790704A patent/EA037494B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2015-09-18 US US15/513,962 patent/US10943721B2/en active Active
• 2017
  • 2017-03-23 MX MX2018010342A patent/MX2018010342A/es unknown
  • 2017-04-24 ZA ZA2017/02855A patent/ZA201702855B/en unknown

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