EP3194637B1 - Procédé de revêtement d'un objet - Google Patents

Procédé de revêtement d'un objet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3194637B1
EP3194637B1 EP15775639.6A EP15775639A EP3194637B1 EP 3194637 B1 EP3194637 B1 EP 3194637B1 EP 15775639 A EP15775639 A EP 15775639A EP 3194637 B1 EP3194637 B1 EP 3194637B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixture
binding agent
hard particles
binder
hard
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15775639.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3194637A2 (fr
Inventor
Tobias Schniedermann
Lukas Ruff
Jürgen PETERSEIM
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fachhochschule Muenster
Original Assignee
Fachhochschule Muenster
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fachhochschule Muenster filed Critical Fachhochschule Muenster
Publication of EP3194637A2 publication Critical patent/EP3194637A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3194637B1 publication Critical patent/EP3194637B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for coating an object.
  • the WO 2006/119962 A2 describes a method for coating metallic objects with a metallic smelting alloy.
  • the melting alloy is designed as NiCrBSi powder and mixed with a binder. This mixture is mixed with a liquid to form a melt slip. The meltdown slip is then applied to the object; then melting takes place at a temperature above the melting temperature of the melting alloy.
  • An enamel powder or an inorganic adhesive is used as a binder.
  • This known method is characterized in that a wear protection layer can be applied in a highly flexible manner even on complexly shaped, even undercut, surfaces.
  • Water can be used as the solvent, which is advantageous from an ecological point of view.
  • the binder is comparatively expensive to buy and not completely harmless from an ecological point of view.
  • the use of water should be possible as a solvent.
  • a method for coating an object in particular the metallic surface of this object.
  • a wear protection layer can be produced on the object in this way.
  • the process comprises the following process steps: Providing hard particles, a binder and water as a solvent, which in particular to a binder, a hard particle-binder mixture or Powder mixture is processed.
  • the hard particles, the binder and the solvent are applied to the surface of the object to be coated.
  • the article coated in this way is then subjected to a temperature of at least 900 ° C., preferably at least 1000 ° C., as a result of which the binder is removed from the mixture and the hard particles are firmly connected to the surface.
  • Cellulose ether derivatives, gelatin or starch are used as binders.
  • binder mixture is understood below to mean a mixture of binder and solvent without hard particles.
  • hard particle-binder mixture is understood to mean a mixture of hard particles, binder and water.
  • powder mixture is understood to mean a mixture of hard particles and binder.
  • mixture is understood to mean the binder mixture, the hard particle-binder mixture and the powder mixture.
  • the binder adheres to the surface to be coated; on the other hand, the binder can also bind the hard particles.
  • the hard particles can thus first be bound on the surface; the final fixation of the hard particles is then carried out by melting. This means that a very even layer can be created during application and also during melting.
  • the binder and the water are processed to form a binder mixture. This binder mixture is then applied to the surface to be coated, the hard particles then being applied to the binder mixture.
  • the binder mixture represents a kind of adhesion promoter on the surface to be coated.
  • the hard particles are then applied to this adhesion promoter.
  • the binder mixture will spray applied.
  • the hard particles can be applied by spraying, pouring, inflating or by soaking the object provided with the binder mixture in a bed of the particles. Layer thicknesses of less than 0.2 mm, in particular less than 0.1 mm, can be achieved.
  • the hard particles, the binder and the water are first processed to form a hard particle-binder mixture.
  • This hard particle / binder mixture is then applied to the surface to be coated. This can be done in particular by spraying.
  • the adhesion promoter that is to say the dissolved binder, is already mixed with the hard particles in the hard particle-binder mixture.
  • This hard particle-binder mixture is applied to the surface of the object in one step. This method is also suitable for the production of very thin layers in the order of magnitude mentioned above.
  • a third embodiment is a variant of the first embodiment.
  • a powder mixture is applied to the object that is already wetted with the solvent. This can be done using a powder spraying device. This can be done by electrostatic powder coating.
  • the aforementioned steps are preferably carried out several times in succession.
  • the variants of the first embodiment, the second and / or the third embodiment can also be used in combination in succession.
  • different hard particles or different binders can be used in each case in a plurality of passes, as a result of which a multilayer structure is achieved.
  • the technical steps of the individual steps can be standardized. Due to the multiple design, variable layer thicknesses can be generated despite standard steps.
  • the binder mixture has a low viscosity of at most 10 6 mPa s (cP).
  • a low viscosity is particularly suitable for spraying or spraying the mixture onto the object, since the spraying tools are preferably suitable for low-viscosity liquids. Due to the solubility of the binder used in water, the spraying tools used can also be cleaned very well. Adhesion by the binder can thus be almost completely ruled out.
  • the mixture in particular the hard particle / binder mixture, can also be mixed as a viscous mass will.
  • the mixture then has a viscosity of at least 10 6 mPa s (cP).
  • the result is a kind of modeling clay that can be used for modeling as desired.
  • Freehand shapes can also be generated using the mixture, in particular the hard particle-binder mixture; this hard particle-binder mixture can also be introduced into a mold and harden therein.
  • Such a viscous hard particle-binder mixture not according to the invention can also be applied to a carrier film and applied to the object together with the carrier film.
  • the mixture is then present on the carrier film like a slice of processed cheese and can be applied to the object as desired.
  • the carrier film is then removed or burns during the melting process.
  • a film can be applied to the mixture on one or both sides.
  • the hard particle-binder mixture present as a type of modeling clay can be brought beforehand into a defined layer thickness in order to be able to produce desired layer thicknesses.
  • the modeling clay can be applied to a special carrier film and a defined thickness can be rolled.
  • the plasticine can be covered with another special film, which creates a sandwich of film, plasticine and film.
  • the surface to be coated can then be moistened with a cellulose ether or another binder mixture.
  • the cover film is first removed, the modeling clay is applied to the object and then the further carrier film is removed. Then the melting takes place.
  • the mixture After application, but before heating, the mixture can dry on the object at room temperature and thus form a firm, dry layer which is already firmly adhering to the component, but which does not yet have the desired stability. In this state, however, this prefabricated layer is well suited for geometric fine machining, in which the shape of the layer can be adapted.
  • the final fixing takes place only after the object has been heated to the temperature in the melting range of the hard particles.
  • the coating produced in this way is now inextricably linked to the object and, due to its tribological behavior, can limit or completely prevent component wear.
  • the hard particles can additionally comprise ceramic and / or metallic particles, in particular carbides, nitrides and oxides, for example silicon nitride, tungsten melting carbide.
  • the Hard particles have a maximum particle size of 200 ⁇ m.
  • the solvent preferably consists exclusively of water.
  • Particles made of a nickel-based alloy, a cobalt-based alloy or an iron-based alloy and / or particles with a hardness of at least 45 HRC are preferably used as hard particles.
  • the volume ratio of hard particles to binder is preferably at least 10: 1.
  • the volume fraction of the binder in the mixture of hard particles and binder is preferably at most 7% by volume, preferably at least 2% by volume.
  • a particularly fine-meshed metal mesh can also be attached under, in or on the layer of the mixture.
  • the metal net can serve as a kind of skeleton and can prevent the mixture that has not yet melted from flowing. With inductive heating, the metal mesh is heated more than the base material; This means that components with a lower melting point can also be coated. The metal mesh itself can serve to reinforce the layer.
  • the hard particles or the binders can be sprayed onto the tool simultaneously; however, different spray nozzles can be used, the binder mixture being sprayed from one spray nozzle and the hard particles being sprayed from the other spray nozzle.
  • the respective spray nozzles can thus be optimally designed for the respective material.
  • a material arrangement for application to objects or for forming objects is also disclosed.
  • the material arrangement includes the following components ceramic and / or metallic particles as hard particles, Cellulose ether derivatives, gelatin or starch as binders and Water as a solvent.
  • the components are completely or partially processed to form a hard particle-binder mixture or a binder mixture.
  • the melting temperature of the hard materials is at least 900, preferably at least 1000 ° C.
  • the mixture which comprises both the hard particles as well as the binder and the solvent, has a viscosity of at least 10 6 mPa s (cP) and is therefore comparatively viscous.
  • the hard particle-binder mixture is introduced into a mold. The hard particle-binder mixture is then heated to a temperature above the melting temperature of the hard particles.
  • the material is used in a 3D printer.
  • the binder dissolved in the water is applied together or separately with the hard particles in layers to the object to be produced. If the hard particles are applied separately to the binder, this can be done using another spray nozzle.
  • the hard particles can be heated to their melting temperature when the component is completely assembled. Then the component can be heated inductively. However, the heating can take place at regular intervals during the construction of the object, so that the melting takes place in layers.
  • a cellulose ether mixture and hard particles in powder form are applied as a coherent layer to a metallic or ceramic component with the aid of a spray gun.
  • the layer has a layer thickness of 0.05 mm.
  • the object is then exposed to a temperature of> 900 ° C, whereby the hard particles are fused with the object to form a solid, coherent bond.
  • the melting takes place in an oven or by induction. Only the mixture is brought into a molten state, but not the object.
  • a viscous hard particle / binder mixture with a layer thickness of approximately 1 mm is applied to a carrier film.
  • This mixture is provided with a cover film.
  • the layer is rolled on this cover film to a layer thickness of less than 1 mm of the mixture.
  • the cover film is then removed, the layer is applied to an object to be coated with the aid of the carrier film, and the carrier film is then removed.
  • the arrangement of mixture and object is then heated in an oven or by induction to 900 ° C., so that the hard particles are melted down. The water and the binder escape completely from the mixture.
  • a cellulose ether and hard particles are mixed to form a powder mixture.
  • the component is wetted with water.
  • the powder mixture is sprayed onto the moistened surface of the object and remains there.
  • the layer has a layer thickness of approx. 0.05 mm. This step is carried out several times until the desired layer thickness is reached.
  • the object is then exposed to a temperature of> 900 ° C, whereby the hard particles are fused with the object to form a solid, coherent bond.
  • the melting takes place in an oven or by induction.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Procédé, destiné à revêtir un objet, comprenant les étapes de procédé suivantes, consistant à :
    Mettre à disposition des particules dures et un mélange d'agents liants composé d'un agent liant et d'eau en tant que solvant,
    Appliquer un mélange de particules dures et d'agents liants, comprenant les particules dures et le mélange d'agents liants sur la surface qui doit être revêtue de l'objet ;
    Soumettre les particules dures appliquées à une température d'au moins 900 °C, suite à quoi le mélange d'agents liants est retiré du mélange de particules dures et d'agents liants et les particules dures sont reliées solidement avec la surface,
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'on utilise en tant qu'agent liant des dérivés d'hydrate de cellulose, de la gélatine ou de l'amidon, la viscosité du mélange d'agents liants ou le rapport de concentration de l'agent liant dans l'eau étant réglés de manière variable,
    le mélange d'agents liants étant appliqué par pulvérisation sur la surface qui doit être revêtue, suite à quoi, des particules dures étant appliquées sur le mélange d'agents liants.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les étapes selon la revendication 1 sont réalisées successivement à plusieurs reprises.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le mélange d'agents liants fait preuve d'une viscosité d'un maximum de 106 mPa s (cP).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les particules dures comprennent additionnellement des particules céramiques et/ou métalliques, notamment d'une taille de particules d'un maximum de 200 µm.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'on utilise en tant que particules dures des particules d'un alliage à base de nickel et/ou des particules faisant preuve d'une dureté d'au moins 45 HRC.
EP15775639.6A 2014-09-17 2015-09-17 Procédé de revêtement d'un objet Active EP3194637B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014113425.7A DE102014113425A1 (de) 2014-09-17 2014-09-17 Verfahren zum Beschichten eines Gegenstands
PCT/EP2015/071337 WO2016042082A2 (fr) 2014-09-17 2015-09-17 Procédé de revêtement d'un objet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3194637A2 EP3194637A2 (fr) 2017-07-26
EP3194637B1 true EP3194637B1 (fr) 2020-04-01

Family

ID=54260721

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15775639.6A Active EP3194637B1 (fr) 2014-09-17 2015-09-17 Procédé de revêtement d'un objet

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3194637B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014113425A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK3194637T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016042082A2 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006119962A2 (fr) * 2005-05-10 2006-11-16 Fachhochschule Münster Revetement au four pouvant etre applique sous forme liquide

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3129112A (en) * 1961-11-15 1964-04-14 Gen Motors Corp Electrostatic coating operations
GB8409047D0 (en) * 1984-04-07 1984-05-16 Mixalloy Ltd Production of metal strip
FR2707191B1 (fr) * 1993-07-06 1995-09-01 Valinox Poudre métallique pour la réalisation de pièces par compression et frittage et procédé d'obtention de cette poudre.
DE4336694A1 (de) * 1993-10-27 1995-05-04 Inst Neue Mat Gemein Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metall- und Keramiksinterkörpern und -schichten
US6624225B1 (en) * 1996-06-03 2003-09-23 Liburdi Engineering Limited Wide-gap filler material
US6649682B1 (en) * 1998-12-22 2003-11-18 Conforma Clad, Inc Process for making wear-resistant coatings
WO2010040498A1 (fr) * 2008-10-09 2010-04-15 H.C. Starck Ceramics Gmbh & Co. Kg Nouvelles feuilles de protection contre l’usure, procédé de fabrication et utilisation associés
TW201441177A (zh) * 2013-03-14 2014-11-01 Vesuvius Crucible Co 用於耐火元件的氧化鋯系鍍膜及包含此鍍膜的耐火元件

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006119962A2 (fr) * 2005-05-10 2006-11-16 Fachhochschule Münster Revetement au four pouvant etre applique sous forme liquide

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK3194637T3 (da) 2020-07-13
WO2016042082A2 (fr) 2016-03-24
WO2016042082A3 (fr) 2016-06-02
DE102014113425A1 (de) 2016-03-17
EP3194637A2 (fr) 2017-07-26

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