EP3194259B1 - Chaumard destiné à coopérer avec une chaîne d'ancrage, pour un système d'ancrage au sol d'une installation flottante - Google Patents

Chaumard destiné à coopérer avec une chaîne d'ancrage, pour un système d'ancrage au sol d'une installation flottante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3194259B1
EP3194259B1 EP15780918.7A EP15780918A EP3194259B1 EP 3194259 B1 EP3194259 B1 EP 3194259B1 EP 15780918 A EP15780918 A EP 15780918A EP 3194259 B1 EP3194259 B1 EP 3194259B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fairlead
downstream
upstream
rotation
chain
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15780918.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3194259A1 (fr
Inventor
Philippe Busson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NOV BLM SAS
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NOV BLM SAS
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Publication date
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Priority to PL15780918T priority Critical patent/PL3194259T3/pl
Publication of EP3194259A1 publication Critical patent/EP3194259A1/fr
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Publication of EP3194259B1 publication Critical patent/EP3194259B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/04—Fastening or guiding equipment for chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like
    • B63B21/10—Fairleads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/18—Stoppers for anchor chains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to systems for anchoring floating installations, in particular for ground anchoring oil well platforms or production, storage and unloading vessels (also referred to as “Floating Production Storage”). and Offloading (Unit) "or” FPSO “).
  • the offshore oil well installations consist of floating platforms connected to the wellhead and anchored to the ground by means of anchor chains.
  • these platforms may have sides of several tens of meters, and a weight likely to reach several tens of thousands of tons (even several hundred thousand tons). They support all the means necessary for the extraction of oil, possibly also for its processing on site; sometimes they also include equipment intended to ensure a human presence on board.
  • anchoring For anchoring, it is very generally used several groups of chains (also called anchor lines), each of these groups being arranged at one of the corners of the platform.
  • Each anchor group has several chains (three to eight for example) which are arranged parallel to each other.
  • Each anchor chain consists of a chain with metal links each of which has a length of a few tens of centimeters and is made from a wire having for example 9 to 20 cm in diameter.
  • each of these anchor chains comprises means for its attachment to the ground, via a solid sunken into the seabed.
  • Their upper end extends to a maneuvering station which is arranged on the side of the platform, above its waterline, for operation by a tensioner winch.
  • each anchor chain by the tensioner winch associated with it is locked by locking means, some of which may be provided within even the fairlead, in the form for example of a jaw composed of two jaws articulated around axes of rotation parallel to each other.
  • fairleads also provide guidance for a change of direction of the associated anchoring chain between, on the one hand, an upstream section extending vertically from the operating station and, on the other hand, a downstream section extending in an inclined manner up to the sunken mass in the seabed.
  • the downstream structure is assembled with the upstream structure by means of pivot connection means defining a horizontal axis of rotation.
  • This downstream structure is thus able to pivot about this horizontal axis of rotation, in an admissible angular sector, so as to adapt to the inclination of the downstream section of the anchor chain.
  • this intermediate section may be subject to inappropriate bending for certain inclinations of the downstream structure relative to the return means carried by the upstream structure.
  • the upstream attachment support and the downstream arcuate element are assembled by pivot connection means which define a horizontal axis of rotation.
  • pivot connection means are deported under the line of passage of the chain to not hinder its movement; which makes the structure cumbersome and harms its strength.
  • the present invention aims to overcome this drawback, by proposing a fairlead structure very compact and resistant, and which also reduces (or eliminate) voltage phenomena on the intermediate section, regardless of the angular position of its structure downstream.
  • such a fairlead is of a small footprint and is very resistant; it also allows a return of the anchor chain, without subjecting inappropriate bending to its intermediate section, regardless of the inclination of its downstream structure with respect to its upstream structure.
  • fairleads 1 are intended to be part of a system 2 for ground anchoring a floating platform P (this platform P is shown here only partially).
  • This platform P floats on the body of water M , above the soil S of the seabed, by defining a waterline F.
  • the anchoring system 2 consists of several anchoring groups G , for example each arranged at one of the corners of the platform P (on the figure 1 only one of these anchor groups G is shown).
  • each anchor group G comprises a plurality of anchor chains C (here seven anchor chains C ) which are juxtaposed and arranged parallel or substantially parallel to each other.
  • Each anchor chain C is formed of a plurality of metal links M1 , M2 intertwined two by two (visible in particular on the figure 5 ).
  • links M1 , M2 each define a general plane M1 ' , M2' respectively.
  • the general planes M1 ' , M2' of two successive links M1 , M2 extend perpendicularly with respect to each other.
  • These links M1 , M2 are made of steel; their length may be of the order of 50 to 120 cm and their width may be of the order of 30 to 80 cm. They are made from a wire whose diameter is for example between 9 and 20 cm.
  • the lower downstream end C1 of the anchoring chains C is fixed by any suitable means to a solid mass T placed on the ground S of the seabed, or preferably sunk into this soil S (on the figure 1 only the lower end C1 of one of the chains C is shown).
  • the upstream upper end C2 of the various chains C extends to a maneuvering station 3 equipping the platform P , above the waterline F , and in this case at the upper part of the platform P ( Figures 1 and 2 ).
  • the stopper means 4 which cooperate with each chain C consist of jaw type mechanisms comprising two jaws articulated around horizontal axes.
  • These jaws are operable in opposite directions with respect to each other (for example by means of an operating wheel) between - an active position, for locking in translation of the anchor chain C associated in one direction upstream to downstream, and - an inactive position, in which they are spaced from each other so as to allow the translation of the chain C.
  • the tensioner winch 5 consists for example of an electric winch, able to maneuver in both directions the anchor chain C associated therewith.
  • This tensioning winch 5 is mounted here on a rolling chassis guided by a rail structure, which is arranged along a raceway parallel to the stopper means 4.
  • each anchor chain C is associated with its own fixed tensioner winch.
  • Each anchor chain C also has an intermediate section C3 extending between its lower end C1 and its upper end C2.
  • This intermediate section C3 cooperates with one of the fairleads 1, fixed here on the platform P and below the level of its water line F.
  • This fairlead 1 makes it possible to deport below the waterline F the point from which the associated anchoring chain C deviates from the platform P ( figure 1 ).
  • a chute section 6 participates in guiding and maintaining the vertical section C4 of each anchor chain C.
  • Such a fairlead structure 1, and in particular the presence of the return means 13 on the downstream structure 11, makes it possible to reduce (or even eliminate) the possible voltage phenomena generated on the intermediate section C3 of the anchor chain C , regardless of the inclination of the downstream structure 11 around its axis of rotation 12 '.
  • the upstream structure 10 of the fairlead 1 is assembled with a support portion 15 which is detachably secured to a receiving portion 16 fixed to the floating platform P , for example by welding and / or by inserts (bolting , riveting, etc.).
  • the upstream structure 10 is secured to the support part 15 so as to give it a degree of freedom in rotation about an axis 17 extending vertically, or at least approximately vertically ( Figures 3 and 4 ).
  • the support portion 15 comprises a cylindrical plain bearing (not visible in the figures) on which is fitted and guided in rotation a cylindrical rear portion 101 (forming a pin) of the upstream structure 10.
  • This upstream structure 10 also comprises a carrier portion 102 on which the downstream structure 11 is attached.
  • This carrier portion 102 here comprises two lateral arms 1021 (each in the form of a plate), which extend parallel and facing each other, each in a vertical plane.
  • These two lateral arms 1021 have a spacing adapted to define, between them, a passage for the anchor chain C.
  • the downstream structure 11 comprises a support portion 111 which carries the return means 13 and the locking means 14.
  • the support portion 111 is constituted here by two metal side plates (designated by the same reference numeral 111) which are arranged parallel and at a distance from each other, on either side of a longitudinal axis 11 'of the downstream structure 11.
  • the side plates 111 arranged in vertical planes, define the passage of the anchor chain C.
  • upstream ends 111 and downstream 111 b still constitute, respectively, the upstream and downstream ends of the downstream structure 11 (respectively designated by the same reference numerals).
  • each of the side plates 111 consists of a bearing in U.
  • Each upstream end 111 thus receives one of the two lateral arms 1021 of the upstream structure 10, between its two branches 111a 1, 111a 2 and cooperate with each other through a pin 12 a.
  • the pivot connection means 12 of the downstream structure 11 thus comprise two journals 12a, arranged at a distance from one another and coaxially to define the horizontal axis of rotation 12 '.
  • Such a structure is particularly useful for defining the horizontal axis of rotation 12 'while preserving a passage for the anchor chain C within the downstream structure 11.
  • the return means 13 are here formed by an elongate metal piece which is secured between the two side plates 111 of the downstream structure 11, and they extend over part of the length of this downstream structure 11.
  • the lower surface 131 of this elongated metal piece 13 constitutes a sliding surface for the intermediate portion C3 of the guide chain C.
  • Longitudinal section in particular means a cutting plane extending parallel to the side plates 111 of the downstream structure 11 or perpendicularly to its horizontal axis of rotation 12 '.
  • the upstream portion 133 of the return means 13 extends opposite and at a distance from the horizontal axis of rotation 12 '.
  • This upstream portion 133 of the return means 13 thus extends on either side of a radial plane R which, on the one hand, passes through the horizontal axis of rotation 12 'and, on the other hand, extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis 11 'of the downstream structure 11 ( figure 4 ).
  • the deflecting means 13, and particularly the upstream arcuate portion 133 extending between the inner legs 111a 1 facing the two upstream ends 111 of the side plates 111.
  • This upstream portion 133 here defines a circular arc, extending over an angular sector of the order of 30 ° to 50 °.
  • the diameter of this upstream portion 133 advantageously corresponds to 7 to 20 times the diameter of the wire of the links constituting the anchor chain C , preferably of the order of 15 to 18 times.
  • This structural feature aims to impart optimum curvature to the intermediate portion C3 of the anchor chain C.
  • the diameter of the upstream portion 133 is preferably 2680mm.
  • the downstream portion 134 extends parallel to the longitudinal axis 11 'of the downstream structure 11.
  • This downstream portion 134 extends over only a portion of the length of the downstream structure 11, and thus ends at a distance from the locking means 14.
  • the longitudinal groove 135 here consists of an inverted U-shaped horizontal cross section, which consists of a bottom wall 1351 extended by two side walls 1352 extending at a distance and facing each other. .
  • the two side strips 136 extend opposite each other and at right angles to the side walls 1352 of the longitudinal groove 135 and relative to the side plates 111.
  • the upstream end 137 of the return means 13 is flared, so as to facilitate the passage of the chain C at the level of the return means 13.
  • the return means 13 are dimensioned according to the size of the links M1 , M2 constituting the anchor chain C.
  • the distance separating the two side plates 111 facing the downstream structure 11 is identical (with the clearance), or greater, to the width of the links M1 , M2 of the chain C.
  • the depth of the bottom wall 1351 of the return means 13 is slightly greater than half the width of the links M1 , M2 of the chain C.
  • This bottom wall 1351 is, on the one hand, identical (with the clearance), or greater than the wire diameter of the links of the chain C , and on the other hand, less than the width of said links.
  • these return means 13 are adapted to receive several dimensions of chain links, or even a useful cable during the installation of the anchor chain C.
  • the depth of the bottom wall 1351 of the return means 13 is 200mm; the width of this bottom wall 1351 is 170mm.
  • the locking means 14 comprise in turn a jaw 141 (visible in particular on the Figures 8 and 9 ) associated with maneuvering means 142.
  • the jaw 141 located between the two side plates 111 of the downstream structure 11 (at their downstream ends 111b opposite) consists of two jaws 1411, 1411 has one lower and the other upper 1411 b.
  • the axes of rotation 1413 of these two jaws 1411 extend horizontally, parallel to one another and also parallel to the horizontal axis of rotation 12 'of this downstream structure 11.
  • the counterweight 1421 has the general shape of a Ve or U open downwards, intended in the lower position to overlap the tubular member 112 of the downstream structure 11 ( figure 8 -
  • the horizontal link M2 downstream of the vertical link M1 in support blocks the closure of the jaws 1411 and thus the descent of the counterweight 1421 just above and without contact with the tubular member 112).
  • This counterweight 1421 has for example a mass of between 100 kg and 2000 kg.
  • This counterweight 1421 is carried by two arms 1424 ( figure 6 ) Connected with the lower jaw 1411 in the jaw 141.
  • Each arm 1424 comprises, on the one hand, a first end secured to a lateral end of the counterweight 1421, and on the other hand, a second end secured to the lower jaw 1411 a .
  • These arms 1424 are thus coupled to either side of the lower jaw 1411 has, ensuring maneuvering these arms 1424 and 1421 associated counterweight along the axis of rotation of said lower jaw 1413 in 1411 is associated.
  • the actuator means 1422 here consists of a linear actuator carried by the downstream structure 11, and in particular by its lower face.
  • the linear actuator 1422 consists in the species in a pneumatic cylinder, associated with a pneumatic supply and a pneumatic distributor (not shown) located at the operating station 3.
  • the linear actuator 1422 is a simple pneumatic actuator, cooperating with a lower extension 1416 of the lower jaw 1411 in the jaw 141.
  • This linear actuator 1422 is here fixed without degree of freedom and it extends parallel, or at least approximately parallel, to the longitudinal axis 11 'of the downstream structure 11.
  • This linear actuator 1422 includes a cylinder 1422 and a movable rod 1422 b.
  • the rod 1422 b is deployable; its free end has the general shape of a spherical cap for cooperating with a rear face of the lower extension 1416 of the lower jaw 1411 a.
  • the gears 1423 here consist of two plates which are each integral in rotation with one of the jaws 211.
  • this fairlead 1 As well as the operation of its jaws 1411 between the active and inactive positions, is described above in relation to the Figures 8 and 9 .
  • the counterweight 1421 is in the low position, ensuring the holding of the jaws 1411 in the active position due to the force exerted.
  • This active position is maintained thanks to 1421 counterweight in the low position, coupled to the lower jaw 1411 a.
  • the counterweight 1421 is here directly overlying the downstream duct 112, and thus extends just above the downstream section C5 of the anchor chain C.
  • This counterweight 1421 thus exerts a moment of force on the lower jaw 1411 has through its arm 1424 in a first rotational direction (here clockwise in the figures); the gear 1423 transmits a moment of force on the upper jaw 1411 b in a second direction of rotation (anti-clockwise).
  • the anchor chain C is thus suitably locked in translation by the locking means 14, in the upstream to downstream direction.
  • This anchor chain C is additionally supported on the lower surface 131 of the return means 13 of the downstream structure 11, as illustrated in FIG. figure 5 .
  • This arrangement of the return means 13 on the downstream structure 11 makes it possible to limit or even eliminate inappropriate bends of the intermediate section, as a function of the inclination of the downstream section 11, which would then be capable of generating undesirable tensions on the latter. .
  • control means are controlled so as to cause the extraction of the rod 1422 b of the linear actuator 1422, with respect to its cylinder 1422 has ( figure 9 ).
  • This operation then causes the movement of the end of rod 1422 b which presses on the lower extension 1416 of the lower jaw 1411 a, thereby generating the pivoting of the jaws 1411 has around its axis of rotation 1413 in the counterclockwise .
  • This movement is transmitted to the upper jaw 1411 b through the gear 1423, generating its pivoting in a reverse direction (clockwise on the figure 9 ).
  • the counterweight 1421 is in turn maneuvered from its low position (near the downstream tubular section 112 - figure 8 ), up to a high position (at a distance from this same tubular section 112 - figure 9 ).
  • the counterweight 1421 operated in this high position allows the accumulation of a potential mechanical energy, in particular a potential energy of gravity.
  • the counterweight 1421 in the low position ( figure 8 ) and in the high position ( figure 9 ) Is offset downstream with respect to its axis of rotation 1413 (that is to say still offset downstream with respect to the axis of rotation of its associated arm 1424).
  • the anchor chain C can then be manipulated in translation in the fairlead 1, in both directions.
  • the counterweight 1421 then causes the retraction rod 1422 b in the cylinder 1422a and the pivoting of the associated jaw 1411 in the active position ( figure 8 ).
  • This embodiment with linear actuator 1422 has the advantage of being simple and reliable, with the use of a single actuator single effect (so with a single seal).
  • the counterweight 1421 is additionally equipped with a fastening plate 1421 has ( figure 3 ) on which a hook can be fixed so as to be able to pull upward on the counterweight 1421 and thus bring it from its low position to its high position.
  • This platinum is particularly useful as redundant safety means, to allow the opening of the jaw 141 and release the chain C in the fairlead 1, in case of failure of the pneumatic system, for example.
  • the fairlead according to the invention thus provides a simple and effective solution for reducing or even eliminating the tensions during the angular variation of the downstream structure 11 about its horizontal axis of rotation 12 '.
  • the fairlead 1 according to the invention thus has the advantage of proposing an erased return at the intermediate section of the anchor chain, without exerting any additional tension generated by the variations of inclination of the downstream structure.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
EP15780918.7A 2014-09-19 2015-09-18 Chaumard destiné à coopérer avec une chaîne d'ancrage, pour un système d'ancrage au sol d'une installation flottante Active EP3194259B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL15780918T PL3194259T3 (pl) 2014-09-19 2015-09-18 Przewłoka przeznaczona do współpracy z łańcuchem kotwicznym do systemu do kotwienia instalacji pływającej w gruncie

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1458854A FR3026085B1 (fr) 2014-09-19 2014-09-19 Chaumard destine a cooperer avec une chaine d'ancrage, pour un systeme d'ancrage au sol d'une installation flottante
PCT/FR2015/052504 WO2016042274A1 (fr) 2014-09-19 2015-09-18 Chaumard destiné à coopérer avec une chaîne d'ancrage, pour un système d'ancrage au sol d'une installation flottante

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3194259A1 EP3194259A1 (fr) 2017-07-26
EP3194259B1 true EP3194259B1 (fr) 2018-11-21

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15780918.7A Active EP3194259B1 (fr) 2014-09-19 2015-09-18 Chaumard destiné à coopérer avec une chaîne d'ancrage, pour un système d'ancrage au sol d'une installation flottante

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US10272972B2 (pl)
EP (1) EP3194259B1 (pl)
KR (1) KR102396813B1 (pl)
CN (1) CN107107992B (pl)
CA (1) CA2961707C (pl)
DK (1) DK3194259T3 (pl)
ES (1) ES2712646T3 (pl)
FR (1) FR3026085B1 (pl)
PL (1) PL3194259T3 (pl)
SG (1) SG11201702052WA (pl)
WO (1) WO2016042274A1 (pl)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3049925B1 (fr) 2016-04-11 2018-05-04 Dcns Chaumard de guidage d'un element d'ancrage d'une structure offshore
NL2021529B1 (en) * 2018-08-30 2020-04-30 Stevlos Bv Chain tensioner with chain switch device
CN109204700A (zh) * 2018-10-30 2019-01-15 大连海事大学 导链滚轮掣链器
CN110015380A (zh) * 2019-04-17 2019-07-16 海洋石油工程股份有限公司 棘齿止链器
WO2021260241A1 (es) * 2020-06-23 2021-12-30 Tecnologica Leioa Aie Conector submarino y método para conexión de una cadena bajo el agua
CN113212651B (zh) * 2021-03-26 2022-09-06 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 一种可快速解脱式半潜生产平台导缆器拖航固定装置
CN113650730B (zh) * 2021-09-17 2023-03-28 浙江海洋大学 一种用于海洋平台船舶的锚架结构
US20230312057A1 (en) * 2022-02-22 2023-10-05 Bardex Corporation Mooring systems and methods

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FR2601322B1 (fr) * 1986-07-08 1990-04-20 Emh Dispositif d'arret de chaine de liaison
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GB2304319B (en) * 1995-08-15 1997-10-22 Gec Alsthom Ltd Method and apparatus for paying out, securing and hauling in a flexible elongate tensile member
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CN100575184C (zh) * 2003-10-03 2009-12-30 海德勒利夫特埃姆克莱德股份有限公司 带有一体的链止动器的导缆器
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CN2897813Y (zh) * 2006-05-26 2007-05-09 中国船舶工业物资华东公司 甲板式导缆器
KR101184248B1 (ko) * 2010-04-08 2012-09-21 미래인더스트리(주) 체인스토퍼가 구비된 페어리더
US8915205B2 (en) * 2010-12-23 2014-12-23 Bardex Corporation Fairlead latch device
FR2981909B1 (fr) * 2011-10-26 2013-11-15 Nov Blm Installation d'ancrage au sol pour une plateforme flottante
FR2984272B1 (fr) * 2011-12-14 2014-06-13 Nov Blm Chaumard pour le guidage d'une chaine d'ancrage, destine a equiper une installation d'ancrage au sol d'une plateforme flottante
FR3013312B1 (fr) * 2013-11-15 2016-01-08 Dcns Chaumard de guidage d'un element d'ancrage

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20170057272A (ko) 2017-05-24
CA2961707A1 (fr) 2016-03-24
FR3026085B1 (fr) 2018-01-12
US20170297657A1 (en) 2017-10-19
FR3026085A1 (fr) 2016-03-25
CA2961707C (fr) 2023-02-21
EP3194259A1 (fr) 2017-07-26
SG11201702052WA (en) 2017-04-27
DK3194259T3 (en) 2019-03-11
ES2712646T3 (es) 2019-05-14
US10272972B2 (en) 2019-04-30
CN107107992B (zh) 2019-08-09
WO2016042274A1 (fr) 2016-03-24
PL3194259T3 (pl) 2019-05-31
CN107107992A (zh) 2017-08-29
KR102396813B1 (ko) 2022-05-11

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