EP3191257B1 - Polishing tool - Google Patents

Polishing tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3191257B1
EP3191257B1 EP15757438.5A EP15757438A EP3191257B1 EP 3191257 B1 EP3191257 B1 EP 3191257B1 EP 15757438 A EP15757438 A EP 15757438A EP 3191257 B1 EP3191257 B1 EP 3191257B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
working
pad
plastics foam
thermoplastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP15757438.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3191257A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Kolthoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kolthoff Gabrovo Eood
Original Assignee
Kolthoff Gabrovo Eood
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Publication of EP3191257A1 publication Critical patent/EP3191257A1/en
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Publication of EP3191257B1 publication Critical patent/EP3191257B1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24DTOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D13/00Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
    • B24D13/14Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by the front face
    • B24D13/147Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by the front face comprising assemblies of felted or spongy material; comprising pads surrounded by a flexible material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B37/00Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
    • B24B37/11Lapping tools
    • B24B37/12Lapping plates for working plane surfaces
    • B24B37/14Lapping plates for working plane surfaces characterised by the composition or properties of the plate materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B37/00Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
    • B24B37/11Lapping tools
    • B24B37/20Lapping pads for working plane surfaces
    • B24B37/24Lapping pads for working plane surfaces characterised by the composition or properties of the pad materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B37/00Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
    • B24B37/11Lapping tools
    • B24B37/20Lapping pads for working plane surfaces
    • B24B37/26Lapping pads for working plane surfaces characterised by the shape of the lapping pad surface, e.g. grooved
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24DTOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
    • B24D11/02Backings, e.g. foils, webs, mesh fabrics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24DTOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/0009Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24DTOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/20Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
    • B24D3/28Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24DTOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D9/00Wheels or drums supporting in exchangeable arrangement a layer of flexible abrasive material, e.g. sandpaper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24DTOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D9/00Wheels or drums supporting in exchangeable arrangement a layer of flexible abrasive material, e.g. sandpaper
    • B24D9/08Circular back-plates for carrying flexible material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24DTOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D9/00Wheels or drums supporting in exchangeable arrangement a layer of flexible abrasive material, e.g. sandpaper
    • B24D9/08Circular back-plates for carrying flexible material
    • B24D9/10Circular back-plates for carrying flexible material with suction means for securing the material

Definitions

  • Tools for surface finishing such as grinding or polishing have long been as hand tools with a handle or the like drive receptacle on the top, but mostly now as machine tools with a mechanical drive or a clutch for use with machines in use.
  • the tools are equipped with work equipment, such as with an abrasive layer or with abrasive lamellae or with an adhesive layer, for example in the form of an adhesive pad or Verhakungsbesatzes for a hook and loop fastener to releasably attach work equipment discs.
  • work equipment such as with an abrasive layer or with abrasive lamellae or with an adhesive layer, for example in the form of an adhesive pad or Verhakungsbesatzes for a hook and loop fastener to releasably attach work equipment discs.
  • mechanical clamping or holding means for working media discs in use are used.
  • top and “bottom” refer only to the sake of clarity on a preferred use attitude when processing a surface from above and do not exclude a
  • the tools regularly have an elastic pad on which the working surface is arranged and which then lies between the working surface and the drive input.
  • the required elasticity of the pad is conventionally achieved by using a polyurethane integral foam, which in a mold is to foam.
  • the integral open-cell integral foam is compacted on the surfaces and especially on edge surfaces and provided with a molded skin, which inhibits the entry of moisture and dirt into the material.
  • the skin is prone to injury in use, which then facilitates the entry of water and dirt into the integral foam.
  • the ingress of water leads to overloading of the material, material fatigue and, in high-speed tools, to destroy the cushion by centrifugal forces.
  • the centrifugal forces can zoom when using the tool as a high-speed rotating machines to the limit and partially met only by supporting measures attached to de working surface fabric coverings or the like in conjunction with a working agent layer or adhesive layer for working media become.
  • the integral foam of the pad would often "explode” without support and protection from the working surface even in the dry, occidentalrecht in the soaked state.
  • US 5,785,784 discloses a surface finishing tool according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is hereafter, to provide a tool that is easy and uncritical to manufacture in view of the requirements of a high volume product and it is robust and durable and less prone to exposure to moisture and dirt shows and also when used with high speed rotating Machines as a drive creates greater safety reserves.
  • this object is achieved by tools according to the preamble of claim 1, starting by the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • the new design of the tool has shown that can be achieved with a thermoplastic elastomer in the form of a closed-cell expanded and welded together particles produced striking advantages.
  • a thermoplastic elastomer in the form of a closed-cell expanded and welded together particles produced striking advantages.
  • Such a material as developed by the chemical industry, namely BASF SE, specifically for light and elastic soles of running urethane-based shoes as so-called expanded thermoplastic polyurethane (E-TPU), can only be used with the tools Surface finishing as a pillow material with a variety of other benefits. These benefits are largely beyond the comparatively simple goals of sports shoe midsoles.
  • the material with its closed-cell thin-walled particles not only proves to be extremely light and, depending on the material setting, can reduce the total weight compared with the conventional PU integral foam to about one third.
  • the material is also extremely tensile with the closed, tough-elastic structure. This tensile strength makes it possible, with a lower specific weight of the material, to set uncritically high speeds for a tool without fear of critical loading of the tool from the centrifugal forces.
  • this material surprisingly exhibits a functional range reaching to temperatures of minus 20 ° C., with good elasticity and outstanding resilience, so that in comparison to conventional tools with PU integral foam even when working outside no stiffening of the material or embrittlement is to be feared.
  • the closed-cell material does not require any external molded skin to prevent penetration of moisture or dirt.
  • the closed cells aresabschottend even without a special protective covers and absorb in wet conditions only about one to two vol% of water. This eliminates the risk for the tool to open by easily occurring edge damage to the pad during use, penetration of moisture or dirt. The tool is therefore more robust and easy to handle.
  • the closed-cell structure also makes it possible to cut or process the cushion from a block of material.
  • the danger for high-speed rotating tools to risk the exploding of the sanding plate when water penetrates and, in particular during wet work, can thus be eliminated.
  • the limit values for workloads determined by centrifugal force can be increased so that desirable and sometimes prescribed safety margins can be maintained or skipped.
  • the limit loads with respect to the centrifugal force are no longer dependent on auxiliary structures for the strength, as they are conventionally provided in the area of the working medium.
  • the underside of the cushion can be provided with work equipment, adhesive structures or adhesive covers, without having to make a security contribution to the centrifugal force.
  • the particular shape of an elastic plastic foam, molded from closed-cell expanded and resulting from the resulting shape loose beads with heat and pressure to each other welded one-piece moldings is basically possible due to a number of thermoplastic elastomers that can be expanded to clear particles.
  • Particularly advantageous is the use of a urethane-based elastomer (TPU), with which a thin-walled and thus lighter, but nevertheless solid, tough elastic plastic foam can be achieved.
  • TPU urethane-based elastomer
  • thermoplastic copolyamides TPA
  • thermoplastic copolyester elastomers TPC
  • thermoplastic copolyesters of hard and soft segments with chemical linkage in the main chain by ether and / or ester groups TPA
  • thermoplastic copolyester elastomers TPC
  • thermoplastic copolyesters of hard and soft segments with chemical linkage in the main chain by ether and / or ester groups TPA
  • thermoplastic copolyester elastomers TPC
  • thermoplastic copolyesters of hard and soft segments with chemical linkage in the main chain by ether and / or ester groups olefins or styrene block copolymers into consideration
  • Important here is a firm welding of the particles of elastically adjusted material to each other, which - unlike polystyrene rigid foam materials for building with a more brittle structure, provides a solid particle cohesion, the particles themselves even more elastic due to a gas filling to be provided for expanding are deformable.
  • the gas-filled particles in the starting material are balloon-shaped, spherical or oval, but pressed together so far under pressure together, so that no or only very small gaps or gussets remain.
  • the welding under pressure is preferably carried out by hot evaporation in a mold, with which the particles are heated to the required glass transition region.
  • the one-piece bodies which are generally obtained in closed molds, can subsequently be tempered by a subsequent temperature treatment in order to make them stress-free and dimensionally stable.
  • the plastic foam is made homogeneous and without a shell-like outer molded skin to the outer edges of the pad.
  • This homogenization in the structure of the plastic foam avoids the conventionally provided with conventional open-cell IntegralJeumen expedient outer molded skin, which is provided as a protective cover against moisture and dirt but is susceptible to damage in this design.
  • the absence of a compacted outer molded skin is also contrary to the performance characteristics of the tool, since a predetermined elastic cushioning given by the cushion to the edge regions and is not hindered by the molded skin.
  • the working surface can already be provided during the molding process with a surface profiling for the connection of working media discs.
  • Plastic foams produced on urethane-based expanded particles in particular have proven to be suitable for creating special surface profilings.
  • Another advantage is a simple direct molding of working media disks or lamellar elements as well as Velcro pads or the like in the molding tool with pressure and heat, so that in the form of the particles not only with each other, but connected in the region of the working surface with the other surface - without the need for an additional operation.
  • connection part is also regularly connected to a support body made of metal or solid plastic, which covers the pad over at least part of the area to distribute the pressure to be transmitted to the pad.
  • the tool can also be provided with a connection part in the form of a handle element for manual operation.
  • FIG. 1 and Fig. 2 total designated with 1 tool for surface finishing is a simple form of such a tool as a rotating and rotationally symmetric sanding plate again (in a surface finishing from above) on the underside a working surface 2 and the upper side a drive holder 3, with a round pin 4 in a chuck a Is to clamp a drill.
  • the pin 4 made of a stronger material, preferably metal, passes in a pressure and rotational forces of the drive über facedde from above applied support body 5, which carries a circular disc-shaped, elastic pad 6 in a flat composite at the bottom.
  • the pad 6 in turn forms with the underside the working surface 2.
  • the pad 6 projects radially beyond the plate-like support body 5, wherein a peripheral edge 7 is formed frusto-conically between the periphery of the support body 5 and the working surface 2.
  • a cushion such as the present cushion 6 has an important function for distributing the pressure and for taking over movements between the working surface 2 and the drive support 3, including the support body 5.
  • the thickness of the pad 6 is to be measured according to the intended deformations .
  • the cushion 6 is to be matched in terms of its rigidity or its compliance to the pressing forces.
  • the energy absorption of the pillow in use must not lead to overheating or material destruction.
  • the material of the cushion must be capable of working under a large attack of dust and dirt and also, especially when wet grinding - under a large amount of wetness.
  • the pad for handling causes a low weight load, especially since it makes up a significant volume fraction of the tool - weight savings are basically also advantageous in manufacturing, shipping and storage.
  • robustness and longevity should be sought for such a cushion, especially with tools of this type when the working means in the form of working medium disks are provided interchangeably on the working surface 2, the durability of the tool regularly depends on the cushion 6.
  • cushions of this type are usually made of a so-called "integral foam", ie a polyurethane integral skin foam, which by form foaming in one form an open-pore core and a solid outer skin towards the edge zones.
  • integral foam ie a polyurethane integral skin foam, which by form foaming in one form an open-pore core and a solid outer skin towards the edge zones.
  • this form foaming offers no security against penetration of moisture and dirt in the pillow, especially in the case of damage to the outer skin in use.
  • the pad according to the invention uses an elastic plastic foam which consists of particles of a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) which are expanded in closed-cell fashion and welded together.
  • TPE thermoplastic elastomer
  • E-TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
  • the thin-walled cell structure of the pearl-like articles, from which the plastic foam is welded together provides a consistently light and at the same time highly elastic structure of the material.
  • the structure is already closed-celled from the starting material and the closed-cell structure brings with it a low water absorption (and dirt absorption), so that even during wet work only 1 to 2% of the volume is absorbed.
  • the closed-cell structure of the elastic plastic foam with gas volume trapped therein in the particles by the expanding molding material and thin cell walls causes a good elasticity Deformability which reduces the risk of material heating and fatigue during use and also ensures longevity of the pillow.
  • the working surface 2 may be provided in a conventional manner directly with a working medium layer, such as grinding or polishing.
  • a working medium layer such as grinding or polishing.
  • the attachment of such work equipment as well as the connection of the pad 6 with the support body 5 can be carried out in an advantageous manner already in the shaping of the pad in a printing form, so that an additional operation can be omitted with a welding or gluing to be bonded flat layers.
  • Adhesion in the form of molded material, inserted into a printing form, into which the closed cell expanded particles are then filled and brought to fusion temperature with superheated steam or other suitable medium, provides complex tooling in a labor-saving manner.
  • FIG. 2 is on the working surface 2 a nationwide uniform structure with formations indicated that in Fig. 3 is illustrated in more detail in an enlarged partial cross-section.
  • the working surface 2 is formed with a grid of uniformly distributed suction cups 8, which are formed directly in the material of the pad 6. These suction cups 8 with downwardly open dish form jump out of troughs 9, in which the suction cups 8 are moved back under pressure and framed with edge bars 10, which, however, end above the plane formed by the suction cups 8 level.
  • the webs 10 limit the movement of the Suction cups in the event of a pressure from the front, when the suction cups are subjected to pressure during use after they have been placed sucking on a smooth back of a working disk or other working medium carrier.
  • an adhesive surface to be formed directly from the cushion material offers a cost-saving possibility for designing the working surface. It is understood, however, that alternatively, a separate plate or disc with suction cups of the type shown in the molding of the pad 6 can be adhesively attached or even welded or glued later.
  • the Fig. 4 illustrates a design of the working surface with thorn-like projecting tips 11 as adhesive coating, which can for example engage in a fabric or knitted fabric on the back of a working disk and creates a strong power connection for the rotating movement between the tool and working means.
  • the achievable easily detachable adhesion of a working disk enough for practice with resilience in Antik- direction of rotation.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show finely elaborated designs of a working surface in the sense of a Velcro connection, in which knob-shaped extensions 12 and 13 with mushroom-like, claw-shaped formations 14, 15 parallel to the working surface achieve a re-hook effect, if the so-shaped working surface in a correspondingly open back structure of a working disk or other work equipment engages and thus produces a relatively strong but nevertheless releasable connection between the tool and tool.
  • the designs of the working surface according to Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 are to be achieved within a printing form, which has a correspondingly complementary configuration on the corresponding inner surfaces.
  • a printing form which has a correspondingly complementary configuration on the corresponding inner surfaces.
  • particles of a thermoplastic elastomer such as a thermoplastic polyurethane in previously expanded form as loose particles or beads, preferably in round or oval shape of one or a few millimeters in size and compress with pressure from the loose bulk form to a compressed molding, the is solidified by welding with hot steam or other hot medium.
  • This molded part can still be tempered after demolding by a heat treatment to compensate for internal stresses and to stabilize the shape achieved.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 A modified embodiment of the tool according to Fig. 1 and 2 is in FIGS. 7 and 8 represented, with the corresponding parts of the tool with the same reference numerals as previously figured.
  • the drive connection 3 consists of a central metal body 4, with an upper-side internal thread, in order, for example, to be screwed onto the drive spindle of a drilling machine.
  • This metal body 4 is cast in a support body 5 made of solid plastic, which carries on the underside a cushion 6 made of an elastic plastic foam, which consists in closed-cell expanded and welded together particles of a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE).
  • TPE thermoplastic elastomer
  • the cushion 6 is formed annularly about a central axis 16 with a free inner recess, in the partially an annular extension 17 of the support body 5 protrudes. In particular, however, projects into the free interior of the pad 6, a central threaded extension 18 of the metal body 4, on the bottom of a clamping nut 19 is unscrewed with externally molded plastic clamping flange 20.
  • the clamping flange 20 can be screwed with the clamping nut 19 in the free interior of the pad 6 and deepened lowered. This can be clamped in a simple manner a working disk on the lower working surface 2 of the pad 6, which has a central hole and radially outwardly facing slots in the region of the clamping flange 20 to deform the working disk 21 for clamping with the clamping flange 20 and to achieve a simple adhesive bond with the pad 6.
  • the inner recess of the pad 6 has over the full-circle shape Fig. 1 and 2 on the operation of the tool 1 no significant influence, since the tools are very often used with edge-pressure and because in particular even with flat placement of the tool, the desired fine work especially falls radially outward areas due to the higher rotational movements outside.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Description

Werkzeuge zur Oberflächenfeinbearbeitung wie Schleifen oder Polieren sind seit langem als Handwerkzeuge mit einem Griff oder dergleichen Antriebsaufnahme an der Oberseite, weit überwiegend aber inzwischen als maschinelle Werkzeuge mit einer maschinellen Antriebsaufnahme bzw. einer Kupplung zum Einsatz mit Maschinen in Gebrauch. Unterseitig sind die Werkzeuge mit Arbeitsmitteln bestückt, etwa mit einer Schleifmittelschicht oder mit Schleifmittel-Lamellen oder aber mit einer Haftschicht, beispielsweise in Form einer Klebstoffauflage oder eines Verhakungsbesatzes für eine Klettverbindung, um Arbeitsmittelscheiben lösbar anzuheften. Desgleichen sind mechanische Klemm- oder Haltemittel für Arbeitsmittelscheiben in Gebrauch. Die Begriffe "oberseitig" und "unterseitig" beziehen sich dabei nur der Anschaulichkeit halber auf eine bevorzugte Gebrauchshaltung bei Bearbeitung einer Oberfläche von oben und schließen eine Verwendung des Werkzeugs zur Feinbearbeitung geneigter, senkrechter oder auch nach unten weisender Oberflächen nicht aus.Tools for surface finishing such as grinding or polishing have long been as hand tools with a handle or the like drive receptacle on the top, but mostly now as machine tools with a mechanical drive or a clutch for use with machines in use. On the underside, the tools are equipped with work equipment, such as with an abrasive layer or with abrasive lamellae or with an adhesive layer, for example in the form of an adhesive pad or Verhakungsbesatzes for a hook and loop fastener to releasably attach work equipment discs. Likewise, mechanical clamping or holding means for working media discs in use. The terms "top" and "bottom" refer only to the sake of clarity on a preferred use attitude when processing a surface from above and do not exclude a use of the tool for fine machining inclined, vertical or down facing surfaces.

Für eine vergleichmäßigte Druckverteilung bei der Oberflächenfeinbearbeitung und auch zum Abfedern eines akzentuierten oder kantenbetonten Werkzeugeinsatzes weisen die Werkzeuge regelmäßig ein elastisches Kissen auf, an dem die Arbeitsmittelfläche angeordnet ist und das dann zwischen der Arbeitsmittelfläche und der Antriebsaufnahme liegt. Die erforderliche Elastizität des Kissens wird herkömmlich durch Verwendung eines Polyurethan-Integralschaums erzielt, der in einer Form aufzuschäumen ist. Der von Haus aus weitgehend offenporige Integralschaum ist an den Oberflächen und insbesondere an Randflächen verdichtet und mit einer Formhaut versehen, die den Eintritt von Feuchtigkeit und Schmutz in das Material hemmt. Allerdings ist die Formhaut anfällig für Verletzungen im Gebrauch, die dann den Eintritt von Wasser und Schmutz in den Integralschaum erleichtern. Insbesondere der Eintritt von Wasser, wie er bei Außenanwendungen des Werkzeugs und in ganz besonderem Maße beim Nassschleifen oder Nasspolieren gegeben ist, führt zur Überlastung des Materials, zu Materialermüdungen und, bei schnelllaufenden Werkzeugen, zur Zerstörung des Kissens durch Fliehkräfte. Schon bei unbeschädigten und nicht durch Wassereintritt belasteten Kissen können die Fliehkraftbelastungen bei Einsatz des Werkzeugs als hochtourig rotierenden Maschinen bis an die Belastbarkeitsgrenze heranreichen und teilweise nur noch durch Stützmaßnahmen durch an de Arbeitsmittelfläche angebrachte Textilbeläge oder dergleichen in Verbindung mit einer Arbeitsmittelschicht oder einer Haftschicht für Arbeitsmittelscheiben eingehalten werden. Der Integralschaum des Kissens würde ohne Abstützung und Absicherung von der Arbeitsmittelfläche oft schon im trockenen, erstrecht im durchnässten Zustand "explodieren".For a uniform pressure distribution during surface finishing and also for cushioning an accentuated or edge-stressed tool insert, the tools regularly have an elastic pad on which the working surface is arranged and which then lies between the working surface and the drive input. The required elasticity of the pad is conventionally achieved by using a polyurethane integral foam, which in a mold is to foam. The integral open-cell integral foam is compacted on the surfaces and especially on edge surfaces and provided with a molded skin, which inhibits the entry of moisture and dirt into the material. However, the skin is prone to injury in use, which then facilitates the entry of water and dirt into the integral foam. In particular, the ingress of water, as it is given in outdoor applications of the tool and especially in wet grinding or wet polishing leads to overloading of the material, material fatigue and, in high-speed tools, to destroy the cushion by centrifugal forces. Already with undamaged and not loaded by water inlet cushions, the centrifugal forces can zoom when using the tool as a high-speed rotating machines to the limit and partially met only by supporting measures attached to de working surface fabric coverings or the like in conjunction with a working agent layer or adhesive layer for working media become. The integral foam of the pad would often "explode" without support and protection from the working surface even in the dry, erstrecht in the soaked state.

US 5 785 784 offenbart ein Werkzeug zur Oberflächenbearbeitung nach dem Präambel des Anspruchs 1. US 5,785,784 discloses a surface finishing tool according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es hiernach, ein Werkzeug zu schaffen, das im Hinblick auf die Anforderungen an ein Großserienprodukt leicht und unkritisch zu fertigen ist und dabei sich robust und dauerhaft und wenig anfällig für Belastungen durch Nässe und Schmutz zeigt sowie auch beim Einsatz mit hochtourig drehenden Maschinen als Antrieb größere Sicherheitsreserven schafft.The object of the invention is hereafter, to provide a tool that is easy and uncritical to manufacture in view of the requirements of a high volume product and it is robust and durable and less prone to exposure to moisture and dirt shows and also when used with high speed rotating Machines as a drive creates greater safety reserves.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe von Werkzeugen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ausgehend durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Die neue Gestaltung des Werkzeugs hat ergeben, dass sich mit einem thermoplastischen Elastomer in Form eines geschlossenzelligen expandierten und miteinander verschweißten Partikeln hergestellten Materials durchschlagende Vorteile erzielen lassen. Ein solches Material, wie es von der chemischen Industrie, namentlich der BASF SE, speziell, für leichte und elastische Sohlen von Laufsportschuhen auf Urethan-Basis als sogenanntes expandiertes thermoplastisches Polyurethan (E-TPU) entwickelt worden ist, lässt sich bei den Werkzeugen nur zur Oberflächenfeinbearbeitung als Kissen-Material mit einer Vielzahl weiterer Vorteile einsetzen. Diese Vorteile gehen großenteils über die vergleichsweise einfachen Zielsetzungen von Sportschuh-Zwischensohlen hinaus. So erweist sich das Material mit seinen geschlossenzelligen dünnwandigen Partikeln nicht nur als überaus leicht und kann je nach Materialeinstellung das Gesamtgewicht gegenüber dem herkömmlichen PU-Integralschaum auf etwa ein Drittel reduzieren. Das Material ist auch mit der geschlossenen, zäh-elastischen Struktur überaus zugfest. Diese Zugfestigkeit ermöglicht es, bei geringerem spezifischen Gewicht des Materials, unkritisch hohe Drehzahlen für ein Werkzeug vorzugeben, ohne dass eine kritische Belastung des Werkzeugs von den Fliehkräften her zu befürchten wäre.According to the invention, this object is achieved by tools according to the preamble of claim 1, starting by the characterizing features of claim 1. The new design of the tool has shown that can be achieved with a thermoplastic elastomer in the form of a closed-cell expanded and welded together particles produced striking advantages. Such a material, as developed by the chemical industry, namely BASF SE, specifically for light and elastic soles of running urethane-based shoes as so-called expanded thermoplastic polyurethane (E-TPU), can only be used with the tools Surface finishing as a pillow material with a variety of other benefits. These benefits are largely beyond the comparatively simple goals of sports shoe midsoles. Thus, the material with its closed-cell thin-walled particles not only proves to be extremely light and, depending on the material setting, can reduce the total weight compared with the conventional PU integral foam to about one third. The material is also extremely tensile with the closed, tough-elastic structure. This tensile strength makes it possible, with a lower specific weight of the material, to set uncritically high speeds for a tool without fear of critical loading of the tool from the centrifugal forces.

Gleichzeitig zeigt dieses Material überraschend einen bis zu Temperaturen von minus 20°C reichenden Funktionsbereich mit guter Elastizität und herausragendem Rückstellvermögen, so dass im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Werkzeugen mit PU-Integralschaum auch bei Außenarbeiten keine Versteifung des Materials oder Versprödung zu befürchten ist.At the same time, this material surprisingly exhibits a functional range reaching to temperatures of minus 20 ° C., with good elasticity and outstanding resilience, so that in comparison to conventional tools with PU integral foam even when working outside no stiffening of the material or embrittlement is to be feared.

Das geschlossenzellig aufgebaute Material setzt keine äußere Formhaut gegen ein Eindringen von Nässe oder Schmutz voraus. Die geschlossenen Zellen sind auch ohne eine besondere Schutzhüllen selbstabschottend und nehmen bei Nässe nur etwa ein bis zwei Vol% an Wasser auf. Dies räumt für das Werkzeug die Gefahr aus, durch leicht vorkommende Randbeschädigungen des Kissens bei der Benutzung ein Eindringen von Nässe oder Schmutz zu eröffnen. Das Werkzeug ist dadurch robuster und einfach zu handhaben. Gleichzeitig schafft die geschlossenzellige Struktur aber auch die Möglichkeit, das Kissen aus einem Materialblock zu schneiden oder zu bearbeiten. Die Gefahr für hochtourig rotierende Werkzeuge, beim Eindringen von Wasser und insbesondere bei Nassarbeiten ein Explodieren des Schleiftellers zu riskieren, lässt sich damit ausräumen. Die durch die Fliehkraft maßgeblich bestimmten Grenzwerte für die Arbeitsbelastungen sind heraufsetzbar, so dass wünschenswerte und teilweise auch vorgeschriebene Sicherheitsmargen eingehalten bzw. übersprungen werden können.The closed-cell material does not require any external molded skin to prevent penetration of moisture or dirt. The closed cells are selbstabschottend even without a special protective covers and absorb in wet conditions only about one to two vol% of water. This eliminates the risk for the tool to open by easily occurring edge damage to the pad during use, penetration of moisture or dirt. The tool is therefore more robust and easy to handle. At the same time, however, the closed-cell structure also makes it possible to cut or process the cushion from a block of material. The danger for high-speed rotating tools to risk the exploding of the sanding plate when water penetrates and, in particular during wet work, can thus be eliminated. The limit values for workloads determined by centrifugal force can be increased so that desirable and sometimes prescribed safety margins can be maintained or skipped.

Die Grenzbelastungen in Bezug auf die Fliehkraft sind dabei nicht mehr von Hilfsstrukturen für die Festigkeit abhängig, wie sie herkömmlich im Bereich der Arbeitsmittelfläche vorgesehen sind. Die Unterseite des Kissens kann mit Arbeitsmitteln, Haftstrukturen oder Haftbelegen versehen werden, ohne damit einen Sicherheitsbeitrag zur Fliehkraftfestigkeit erzielen zu müssen.The limit loads with respect to the centrifugal force are no longer dependent on auxiliary structures for the strength, as they are conventionally provided in the area of the working medium. The underside of the cushion can be provided with work equipment, adhesive structures or adhesive covers, without having to make a security contribution to the centrifugal force.

Daneben ergeben sich mit dem geringeren Gewicht des Schleiftellers allgemeine Vorteile für die Herstellung und Lagerung, für die Auslegung von Antriebsmaschinen, die weniger Masse zu bewegen haben oder kleinere Gegengewichte zum Ausgleich von Masseschwingungen erlauben, dabei auch den Maschinenverschleiß herabsetzen. Insbesondere aber kommt die Gewichtsersparnis im Kissen - und damit am Werkzeug - auch der Handhabung zugute.In addition, with the lower weight of the grinding plate general advantages for the production and storage, for the design of drive machines that have less mass to move or allow smaller counterweights to compensate for ground vibrations, thereby reducing the machine wear. In particular, however, the weight savings in the pillow - and thus on the tool - also benefits the handling.

Die besondere Form eines elastischen Kunststoffschaums, geformt aus geschlossenzellig expandierten und aus der dabei entstehenden Form loser Perlen mit Hitze und Druck zu miteinander verschweißten einstückigen Formkörpern ist aufgrund einer Reihe von thermoplastischen Elastomeren grundsätzlich möglich, die sich zu lichten Partikeln expandieren lassen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Verwendung eines Elastomers auf Urethan-Basis (TPU), mit der sich ein dünnwandiger und damit leichter, gleichwohl aber fester, zähelastischer Kunststoffschaum erzielen lässt. Daneben kommt ein entsprechend aufgebauter Kunststoffschaum auf der Basis von thermoplastischen Copolyamiden (TPA), thermoplastischen Copolyesterelastomeren (TPC), thermoplastischen Copolyestern aus harten und weichen Segmenten mit chemischer Verknüpfung in der Hauptkette durch Ether- und/oder Estergruppen, Olefinen oder Styren-Blockcopolymeren in Betracht. Wichtig dabei ist eine feste Verschweißung der Partikel aus elastisch eingestelltem Material miteinander, die - anders als etwa bei Polystyrol-Hartschaummaterialien für Bauzwecke mit eher sprödbrüchiger Struktur, einen festen partikel-Zusammenhalt liefert, wobei die Partikel selbst schon aufgrund einer für das Expandieren vorzusehenden Gasfüllung elastischer verformbar sind.The particular shape of an elastic plastic foam, molded from closed-cell expanded and resulting from the resulting shape loose beads with heat and pressure to each other welded one-piece moldings is basically possible due to a number of thermoplastic elastomers that can be expanded to clear particles. Particularly advantageous is the use of a urethane-based elastomer (TPU), with which a thin-walled and thus lighter, but nevertheless solid, tough elastic plastic foam can be achieved. In addition, a correspondingly constructed plastic foam on the basis of thermoplastic copolyamides (TPA), thermoplastic copolyester elastomers (TPC), thermoplastic copolyesters of hard and soft segments with chemical linkage in the main chain by ether and / or ester groups, olefins or styrene block copolymers into consideration , Important here is a firm welding of the particles of elastically adjusted material to each other, which - unlike polystyrene rigid foam materials for building with a more brittle structure, provides a solid particle cohesion, the particles themselves even more elastic due to a gas filling to be provided for expanding are deformable.

Die im Ausgangsmaterial gasgefüllten Partikel sind ballonförmig, kugelig oder oval gebildet, zum Zusammenschweißen unter Druck aber so weit aneinander gepresst, dass keine oder nur sehr geringe Zwischenräume oder Zwickel verbleiben. Das Verschweißen unter Druck erfolgt vorzugsweise durch Heißbedampfung in einer Pressform, mit der die Partikel zu dem erforderlichen Glasübergangsbereich erhitzt werden. Die allgemein in geschlossenen Formen erzielten einstückigen Körper können nachfolgend durch eine anschließende Temperaturbehandlung noch getempert werden, um diese in sich spannungsfrei und formstabil zu gestalten.The gas-filled particles in the starting material are balloon-shaped, spherical or oval, but pressed together so far under pressure together, so that no or only very small gaps or gussets remain. The welding under pressure is preferably carried out by hot evaporation in a mold, with which the particles are heated to the required glass transition region. The one-piece bodies, which are generally obtained in closed molds, can subsequently be tempered by a subsequent temperature treatment in order to make them stress-free and dimensionally stable.

Mit dieser Formgebung können Kissen erzeugt werden, deren Kunststoffschaum homogen und ohne eine schalenartig verdichtete äußere Formhaut bis zu den Außenrändern des Kissens ausgeführt ist. Diese Vergleichmäßigung in der Struktur des Kunststoffschaums vermeidet die bei herkömmlich offenporigen Integralschäumen zweckmäßig vorzusehende äußere Formhaut, die als Schutzhülle gegen Nässe und Schmutz vorgesehen aber in dieser Gestaltung auch beschädigungsanfällig ist. Der Verzicht auf eine verdichtete äußere Formhaut kommt auch den Gebrauchseigenschaften des Werkzeugs entgegen, da eine vorgegebene elastische Abfederung durch das Kissen bis in die Randbereiche gegeben und nicht etwa durch die Formhaut gehindert ist.With this shaping cushions can be produced, the plastic foam is made homogeneous and without a shell-like outer molded skin to the outer edges of the pad. This homogenization in the structure of the plastic foam avoids the conventionally provided with conventional open-cell Integralschäumen expedient outer molded skin, which is provided as a protective cover against moisture and dirt but is susceptible to damage in this design. The absence of a compacted outer molded skin is also contrary to the performance characteristics of the tool, since a predetermined elastic cushioning given by the cushion to the edge regions and is not hindered by the molded skin.

Die Arbeitsmittelfläche kann schon beim Formvorgang mit einer Oberflächenprofilierung für den Anschluss von Arbeitsmittelscheiben versehen sein. Dies ist eine Besonderheit des erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten thermoplastischen Elastomermaterials aus geschlossenzellig expandierten und miteinander verschweißten Partikeln, die es erlaubt, besonders gestaltete Arbeitsmittelflächen aus dem Material selbst bei der Druckbeaufschlagung und Verschweißung in einer Form herauszuarbeiten. Insbesondere bei auf Urethan-Basis mit expandierten Partikeln hergestellte Kunststoffschäume haben sich als geeignet erwiesen, besondere Oberflächenprofilierungen zu schaffen.The working surface can already be provided during the molding process with a surface profiling for the connection of working media discs. This is a special feature of the thermoplastic elastomer material used according to the invention from closed-cell expanded and welded together particles, which makes it possible to work out specially designed working surfaces of the material even when pressurized and welded in a mold. Plastic foams produced on urethane-based expanded particles in particular have proven to be suitable for creating special surface profilings.

In dieser Hinsicht sind aus der Arbeitsmittelfläche beispielsweise flächig verteilte Vorsprünge herauszuarbeiten, die in eine Schlaufen- oder Gewebetextur an Arbeitsmittelscheiben einhaken oder eingreifen. Dieses macht es entbehrlich, eine gesonderte Schicht mit einem Haftmittelbelag nach Art einer Klett-Oberfläche aufzubringen, mit der Schubkräfte zur Oberflächenfeinbearbeitung längs der Arbeitsmittelfläche zu übertragen sind.In this regard, it is necessary, for example, to work out surface-distributed projections from the work piece surface, which hook or engage in a loop or fabric texture on work piece disks. This makes it unnecessary to apply a separate layer with an adhesive coating in the manner of a Velcro surface to be transferred with the shear forces for surface finishing along the working surface.

Ein anderer Vorteil ist eine einfache direkte Anformung von Arbeitsmittelscheiben oder Lamellenelementen wie auch von Klettbelägen oder dergleichen in dem Formwerkzeug für die Formgebung mit Druck und Hitze, so dass in der Form die Partikel nicht nur miteinander, sondern im Bereich der Arbeitsmittelfläche mit dem anderen Belag verbunden werden - ohne dass dazu ein zusätzlicher Arbeitsgang anfällt.Another advantage is a simple direct molding of working media disks or lamellar elements as well as Velcro pads or the like in the molding tool with pressure and heat, so that in the form of the particles not only with each other, but connected in the region of the working surface with the other surface - without the need for an additional operation.

Ebenso eignet sich das Material aufgrund der Formgebung dazu, weitere Elemente wie etwa ein festes und steifes Anschlussteil anzuformen bzw. einzubetten, wie es insbesondere für maschinell betätigte Werkzeuge mit einem Kupplungselement für einen Maschinenantrieb, beispielsweise mit einem zentralen Zapfen zum Einspannen in eine Bohrmaschine, üblich ist. Ein solches Anschlussteil ist regelmäßig auch noch mit einem Stützkörper aus Metall oder festem Kunststoff verbunden, der das Kissen zumindest teilflächig überdeckt um den auf das Kissen zu übertragenden Andruck zu verteilen. Alternativ kann das Werkzeug auch mit einem Anschlussteil in Form eines Griffelements zur Handbetätigung versehen werden.Likewise, the material is due to the shape to form other elements such as a solid and rigid connector part or embed, as in particular for machine-operated tools with a coupling element for a machine drive, for example, with a central pin for clamping in a drill, is common. Such a connection part is also regularly connected to a support body made of metal or solid plastic, which covers the pad over at least part of the area to distribute the pressure to be transmitted to the pad. Alternatively, the tool can also be provided with a connection part in the form of a handle element for manual operation.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden nachfolgend näher beschrieben. In der Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt durch ein Werkzeug gemäß der Erfindung,
Fig. 2
Ansicht des Werkzeugs nach Fig. 1 schräg von unten,
Fig. 3
einen vergrößerten Teilquerschnitt aus der Oberfläche des Werkzeugs nach Fig. 2 in Richtung des Pfeils III gesehen,
Fig. 4, 5 und 6
weitere Teilquerschnitte in vergrößertem Maßstab entsprechend Fig. 3 mit anderen Ausbildungen der Oberfläche.
Fig. 7
einen Querschnitt durch ein weiteres Werkzeug,
Fig. 8
Ansicht des Werkzeugs nach Fig. 7 schräg von unten.
Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. In the drawings show:
Fig. 1
a cross section through a tool according to the invention,
Fig. 2
View of the tool after Fig. 1 diagonally from below,
Fig. 3
an enlarged partial cross-section from the surface of the tool after Fig. 2 seen in the direction of arrow III,
4, 5 and 6
further partial cross sections in an enlarged scale accordingly Fig. 3 with other formations of the surface.
Fig. 7
a cross section through another tool,
Fig. 8
View of the tool after Fig. 7 diagonally from below.

Ein in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 insgesamt mit 1 bezeichnetes Werkzeug zur Oberflächenfeinbearbeitung gibt eine einfache Form eines solchen Werkzeugs als rotierendem und rotationssymmetrischem Schleifteller wieder, der (bei einer Oberflächenfeinbearbeitung von oben) unterseitig eine Arbeitsmittelfläche 2 und oberseitig eine Antriebsaufnahme 3 aufweist, die mit einem runden Zapfen 4 in ein Bohrfutter einer Bohrmaschine einzuspannen ist. Der Zapfen 4 aus festerem Material, vorzugsweise Metall, geht in einer Druck- und Rotationskräfte des Antriebs überleitende von oben aufgebrachte Stützkörper 5 über, der ein kreisscheibenförmiges, elastisches Kissen 6 in flächigem Verbund an der Unterseite trägt. Das Kissen 6 bildet seinerseits mit der Unterseite die Arbeitsmittelfläche 2. Das Kissen 6 ragt radial über den plattenartigen Stützkörper 5 hinaus, wobei ein Umfangsrand 7 stumpfkegelig zwischen dem Umfang des Stützkörpers 5 und der Arbeitsmittelfläche 2 ausgebildet ist.An in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 total designated with 1 tool for surface finishing is a simple form of such a tool as a rotating and rotationally symmetric sanding plate again (in a surface finishing from above) on the underside a working surface 2 and the upper side a drive holder 3, with a round pin 4 in a chuck a Is to clamp a drill. The pin 4 made of a stronger material, preferably metal, passes in a pressure and rotational forces of the drive überleitende from above applied support body 5, which carries a circular disc-shaped, elastic pad 6 in a flat composite at the bottom. The pad 6 in turn forms with the underside the working surface 2. The pad 6 projects radially beyond the plate-like support body 5, wherein a peripheral edge 7 is formed frusto-conically between the periphery of the support body 5 and the working surface 2.

Das insoweit herkömmlich umschriebene Werkzeug 1 stellt in seiner Struktur ein besonders einfaches Beispiel dar. Andere Werkzeuge zur Oberflächenfeinbearbeitung können sich in seinem Aufbau unterscheiden, der beispielsweise mit Luftkanalführungen und -öffnungen im Kissen, Luftkanälen im Bereich der Antriebsaufnahme für eine Staubabsaugung ausgestattet sein kann, der im Bereich der Antriebsaufnahme lediglich mit einem Knauf oder Griff oder deren mehreren für eine Handbetätigung versehen ist oder der für den Anschluss an Maschinenantriebe andere Kupplungen als einen einfachen Zapfen 4 aufweist. Es versteht sich auch, dass hier nicht nur rotierende Werkzeuge zur Oberflächenbearbeitung in Betracht zu ziehen sind, sondern, wie in der Praxis üblich, Werkzeuge mit Schwingbewegungen längs der zu bearbeitenden Oberfläche oder mit Taumelbewegungen - sowie mit beliebigen Bewegungen, wie sie insbesondere bei handbetätigten Werkzeugen zur Oberflächenfeinbearbeitung selbstverständlich sind.The extent conventionally circumscribed tool 1 is a particularly simple example in its structure. Other tools for surface finishing may differ in its construction, which may be equipped with air ducts and openings in the pillow, air ducts in the drive receiving for dust extraction, for example in the field of drive receiving only with a knob or handle or several of which is provided for a manual operation or other than the coupling to machine drives other than a simple pin 4 has. It is also understood that here not only rotating tools for surface processing are to be considered, but, as usual in practice, tools with oscillatory movements along the surface to be machined or with wobbling - and with any movements, as they are self-evident especially in hand-operated tools for surface finishing.

Bei diesen Werkzeugen hat ein Kissen wie das vorliegende Kissen 6 eine wichtige Funktion zur Verteilung des Andrucks und zur Übernahme von Bewegungen zwischen der Arbeitsmittelfläche 2 und der Antriebsaufnahme 3, einschließlich deren Stützkörper 5. Insofern ist die Dicke des Kissens 6 nach den vorgesehenen Verformungen zu bemessen. Insbesondere ist das Kissen 6 hinsichtlich seiner Steifigkeit bzw. seiner Nachgiebigkeit auf die Andruckkräfte abzustimmen. Die Energieaufnahme des Kissens im Gebrauch darf nicht zu Überhitzungen oder Materialzerstörung führen. Das Material des Kissens muss geeignet sein, unter einem großen Anfall von Staub und Schmutz und auch, insbesondere beim Nassschleifen - unter einem großen Anfall von Nässe zu arbeiten. Daneben ist von Interesse, wenn das Kissen für die Handhabung eine geringe Gewichtsbelastung hervorruft, zumal es einen erheblichen Volumenanteil des Werkzeugs ausmacht - wobei Gewichtsersparnisse grundsätzlich auch in der Herstellung, im Versand und der Lagerung vorteilhaft sind. Insbesondere aber ist bei einem solchen Kissen Robustheit und Langlebigkeit anzustreben, zumal bei Werkzeugen dieser Art dann, wenn die Arbeitsmittel in Form von Arbeitsmittelscheiben an der Arbeitsmittelfläche 2 austauschbar vorgesehen sind, die Haltbarkeit des Werkzeugs regelmäßig vom Kissen 6 abhängt.In these tools, a cushion such as the present cushion 6 has an important function for distributing the pressure and for taking over movements between the working surface 2 and the drive support 3, including the support body 5. In this respect, the thickness of the pad 6 is to be measured according to the intended deformations , In particular, the cushion 6 is to be matched in terms of its rigidity or its compliance to the pressing forces. The energy absorption of the pillow in use must not lead to overheating or material destruction. The material of the cushion must be capable of working under a large attack of dust and dirt and also, especially when wet grinding - under a large amount of wetness. In addition, it is of interest if the pad for handling causes a low weight load, especially since it makes up a significant volume fraction of the tool - weight savings are basically also advantageous in manufacturing, shipping and storage. But in particular, robustness and longevity should be sought for such a cushion, especially with tools of this type when the working means in the form of working medium disks are provided interchangeably on the working surface 2, the durability of the tool regularly depends on the cushion 6.

In der Praxis werden üblicherweise Kissen dieser Art aus einem sogenannten "Integralschaum", d.h. einem Polyurethan-Integralschaumstoff hergestellt, der durch Formverschäumung in einer Form einen offenporigen Kern und eine massive Außenhaut zu den Randzonen hin erhält. Diese Formverschäumung bietet allerdings keine Sicherheit gegen ein Eindringen von Nässe und Schmutz in das Kissen, insbesondere auch im Fall von Beschädigungen der Außenhaut im Gebrauch.In practice, cushions of this type are usually made of a so-called "integral foam", ie a polyurethane integral skin foam, which by form foaming in one form an open-pore core and a solid outer skin towards the edge zones. However, this form foaming offers no security against penetration of moisture and dirt in the pillow, especially in the case of damage to the outer skin in use.

Das erfindungsgemäße Kissen verwendet demgegenüber einen elastischen Kunststoffschaum, der in geschlossenzellig expandierten und miteinander verschweißten Partikeln eines thermoplastischen Elastomers (TPE) besteht. Im konkreten Beispiel besteht der elastische Kunststoffschaum in geschlossenzellig expandierten und miteinander verschweißten Partikeln eines thermoplastischen Polyurethans (E-TPU)). Dieses Material, das für anderweitige Einsatzzwecke, nämlich für Sportschuhsohlen entwickelt worden ist, hat sich als außerordentlich vorteilhaft als Kissenmaterial herausgestellt. Im Unterschied zu dem bisher üblichen Integralschaum weist es eine gleichmäßige Dichte bis zum Rand hin auf und kann auch aus größeren Materialblöcken herausgeschnitten sein. Der Verzicht auf verdichtete Außenhautbereiche bringt schon erhebliche Gewichtsersparnisse. Insbesondere aber liefert die dünnwandige Zellstruktur der perlenartigen Artikel, aus denen der Kunststoffschaum zusammengeschweißt wird, eine durchgängig leichte und dabei hochelastische Struktur des Materials. Die Struktur ist schon vom Ausgangsmaterial her geschlossenzellig und die geschlossenzellige Struktur bringt eine geringe Wasseraufnahme (und Schmutzaufnahme) mit sich, so dass selbst bei Nassarbeiten nur 1 bis 2% des Volumens aufgenommen werden. Die geschlossenzellige Struktur des elastischen Kunststoffschaums mit darin von dem expandierendes Formmaterials in den Partikeln eingeschlossenem Gasvolumen und dünnen Zellwandungen bedingt eine gute elastische Verformbarkeit, die die Gefahr einer Materialerhitzung und -ermüdung im Gebrauch vermindert und auch für eine Langlebigkeit des Kissens steht.In contrast, the pad according to the invention uses an elastic plastic foam which consists of particles of a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) which are expanded in closed-cell fashion and welded together. In the concrete example, the elastic plastic foam in closed-cell expanded and welded together particles of a thermoplastic polyurethane (E-TPU)). This material, which has been developed for other purposes, namely for sports shoe soles, has proven to be extremely beneficial as a cushion material. In contrast to the hitherto customary integral foam, it has a uniform density up to the edge and can also be cut out of larger blocks of material. The renunciation of compacted skin areas brings significant weight savings. In particular, however, the thin-walled cell structure of the pearl-like articles, from which the plastic foam is welded together, provides a consistently light and at the same time highly elastic structure of the material. The structure is already closed-celled from the starting material and the closed-cell structure brings with it a low water absorption (and dirt absorption), so that even during wet work only 1 to 2% of the volume is absorbed. The closed-cell structure of the elastic plastic foam with gas volume trapped therein in the particles by the expanding molding material and thin cell walls causes a good elasticity Deformability which reduces the risk of material heating and fatigue during use and also ensures longevity of the pillow.

Die Arbeitsmittelfläche 2 kann in herkömmlicher Weise direkt mit einer Arbeitsmittelschicht versehen sein, etwa mit Schleif- oder Poliermittel. Dabei kann die Anbringung solcher Arbeitsmittel wie auch die Verbindung des Kissens 6 mit dem Stützkörper 5 in vorteilhafter Weise schon bei der Formgebung des Kissens in einer Druckform erfolgen, so dass ein zusätzlicher Arbeitsgang mit einem Anschweißen oder Verkleben anzugliedernder flächiger Schichten entfallen kann. Die Haftung in der Form angeformten Materials, in eine Druckform eingesetzt, in die dann die geschlossenzellig expandierten Partikel eingefüllt und mit Heißdampf oder einem anderen geeigneten Medium auf Verschweißungstemperatur gebracht werden, schafft eine komplexe Werkzeuggestaltung in Arbeitsschritte sparender Weise.The working surface 2 may be provided in a conventional manner directly with a working medium layer, such as grinding or polishing. In this case, the attachment of such work equipment as well as the connection of the pad 6 with the support body 5 can be carried out in an advantageous manner already in the shaping of the pad in a printing form, so that an additional operation can be omitted with a welding or gluing to be bonded flat layers. Adhesion in the form of molded material, inserted into a printing form, into which the closed cell expanded particles are then filled and brought to fusion temperature with superheated steam or other suitable medium, provides complex tooling in a labor-saving manner.

Eine andere vorteilhafte Eigenschaft des geschlossenzelligen Kissenmaterials aus einem thermoplastischen Elastomer liegt der Eignung zur Ausformung von Oberflächenstrukturen. In Fig. 2 ist an der Arbeitsmittelfläche 2 eine flächendeckend gleichförmige Struktur mit Ausformungen angedeutet, die in Fig. 3 in einem vergrößerten Teil-Querschnitt näher veranschaulicht wird. Die Arbeitsmittelfläche 2 ist mit einem Raster gleichförmig verteilter Saugnäpfe 8 ausgebildet, die direkt im Material des Kissens 6 ausgeformt sind. Diese Saugnäpfe 8 mit nach unten offener Tellerform springen aus Mulden 9 vor, in die die Saugnäpfe 8 bei Andruck zurückbeweglich sind und die mit Randstegen 10 umrahmt, die allerdings oberhalb der durch die Saugnäpfe 8 gebildeten Ebene enden. Die Stege 10 begrenzen die Bewegung der Saugnäpfe im Falle eines Andrucks von vorne, wenn die Saugnäpfe beim Arbeitseinsatz druckbelastet werden, nachdem sie auf eine glatte Rückseite einer Arbeitsmittelscheibe oder eines sonstigen Arbeitsmittelträgers saugend aufgesetzt waren. Insofern bietet eine direkt aus dem Kissenmaterial heraus zu formende Haftmittel-Oberfläche eine kostensparende Möglichkeit zur Gestaltung der Arbeitsmittelfläche. Es versteht sich allerdings, dass alternativ auch eine gesonderte Platte oder Scheibe mit Saugnäpfen der dargestellten Art bei der Formgebung des Kissens 6 haftend angegliedert werden kann oder auch nachträglich anzuschweißen oder anzukleben ist.Another advantageous feature of the closed-cell cushioning material made of a thermoplastic elastomer is the suitability for shaping surface structures. In Fig. 2 is on the working surface 2 a nationwide uniform structure with formations indicated that in Fig. 3 is illustrated in more detail in an enlarged partial cross-section. The working surface 2 is formed with a grid of uniformly distributed suction cups 8, which are formed directly in the material of the pad 6. These suction cups 8 with downwardly open dish form jump out of troughs 9, in which the suction cups 8 are moved back under pressure and framed with edge bars 10, which, however, end above the plane formed by the suction cups 8 level. The webs 10 limit the movement of the Suction cups in the event of a pressure from the front, when the suction cups are subjected to pressure during use after they have been placed sucking on a smooth back of a working disk or other working medium carrier. In this respect, an adhesive surface to be formed directly from the cushion material offers a cost-saving possibility for designing the working surface. It is understood, however, that alternatively, a separate plate or disc with suction cups of the type shown in the molding of the pad 6 can be adhesively attached or even welded or glued later.

Die Fig. 4 veranschaulicht eine Gestaltung der Arbeitsmittelfläche mit dornartig vorspringenden Spitzen 11 als Haftmittelbelag, der beispielsweise in ein Gewebe oder Gewirk auf der Rückseite einer Arbeitsmittelscheibe eingreifen kann und eine belastbare Kraftverbindung für die rotierende Bewegung zwischen Werkzeug und Arbeitsmittel schafft. Die dabei zu erzielende leicht lösbare Haftung einer Arbeitsmittelscheibe reicht für die Praxis mit Belastbarkeit in Andruck- und Drehrichtung aus.The Fig. 4 illustrates a design of the working surface with thorn-like projecting tips 11 as adhesive coating, which can for example engage in a fabric or knitted fabric on the back of a working disk and creates a strong power connection for the rotating movement between the tool and working means. The achievable easily detachable adhesion of a working disk enough for practice with resilience in Andruck- direction of rotation.

Die Fig. 5 und 6 zeigen fein ausgearbeitete Gestaltungen einer Arbeitsmittelfläche im Sinne einer Klettverbindung, bei der noppenförmige Fortsätze 12 bzw. 13 mit pilzartigen, krallenförmigen Ausformungen 14, 15 parallel zur Arbeitsmittelfläche einen Wiederhakeneffekt erzielen, wenn die so ausgeformte Arbeitsmittelfläche in eine entsprechend offene Rückenstruktur einer Arbeitsmittelscheibe oder eines sonstigen Arbeitsmittelträgers eingreift und damit eine relativ feste aber gleichwohl lösbare Verbindung zwischen Arbeitsmittel und Werkzeug herstellt.The FIGS. 5 and 6 show finely elaborated designs of a working surface in the sense of a Velcro connection, in which knob-shaped extensions 12 and 13 with mushroom-like, claw-shaped formations 14, 15 parallel to the working surface achieve a re-hook effect, if the so-shaped working surface in a correspondingly open back structure of a working disk or other work equipment engages and thus produces a relatively strong but nevertheless releasable connection between the tool and tool.

Die Gestaltungen der Arbeitsmittelfläche nach Fig. 4 bis Fig. 6 sind innerhalb einer Druckform zu erzielen, die eine entsprechend komplementäre Ausgestaltung an den entsprechenden Innenflächen aufweist. In diese Druckform sind Partikel eines thermoplastischen Elastomers, etwa eines thermoplastischen Polyurethans in zuvor expandierter Form als lose Partikel oder Perlen, vorzugsweise in runder oder ovaler Form von einen oder wenigen Millimetern Größe einzugeben und mit Druck von der losen Schüttform zu einem komprimierten Formteil zusammenzupressen, das durch Verschweißen mithilfe von Heißdampf oder einem sonstigen Heißmedium verfestigt wird. Dieses Formteil kann nach dem Entformen noch durch eine Wärmebehandlung getempert werden, um interne Spannungen auszugleichen und die erzielte Form zu stabilisieren.The designs of the working surface according to Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 are to be achieved within a printing form, which has a correspondingly complementary configuration on the corresponding inner surfaces. In this printing form are particles of a thermoplastic elastomer, such as a thermoplastic polyurethane in previously expanded form as loose particles or beads, preferably in round or oval shape of one or a few millimeters in size and compress with pressure from the loose bulk form to a compressed molding, the is solidified by welding with hot steam or other hot medium. This molded part can still be tempered after demolding by a heat treatment to compensate for internal stresses and to stabilize the shape achieved.

Eine modifizierte Ausführungsform zu dem Werkzeug nach Fig. 1 und 2 ist in Fig. 7 und 8 dargestellt, wobei die einander entsprechenden Teile des Werkzeugs mit den gleichen Bezugszahlen wie zuvor beziffert sind. Bei dieser weiteren Ausführungsform des Werkzeugs besteht der Antriebsanschluss 3 aus einem zentralen Metallkörper 4 ,mit oberseitigem Innengewinde, um beispielsweise auf die Antriebsspindel einer Bohrmaschine aufgeschraubt zu werden. Dieser Metallkörper 4 ist eingegossen in einen Stützkörper 5 aus festem Kunststoff, der an der Unterseite ein Kissen 6 aus einem elastischen Kunststoffschaum trägt, der in geschlossenzellig expandierten und miteinander verschweißten Partikeln eines thermoplastischen Elastomers (TPE) besteht. Das Kissen 6 ist kreisringförmig um eine Mittelachse 16 mit einer freien Innenausnehmung gebildet, in die teilweise ein Ringfortsatz 17 des Stützkörpers 5 hineinragt. Insbesondere aber ragt in den freien Innenraum des Kissens 6 ein zentraler Gewindefortsatz 18 des Metallkörpers 4 hinein, auf den von unten eine Klemmmutter 19 mit außenseitig angegossenem Kunststoff-Klemmflansch 20 aufzuschrauben ist.A modified embodiment of the tool according to Fig. 1 and 2 is in FIGS. 7 and 8 represented, with the corresponding parts of the tool with the same reference numerals as previously figured. In this further embodiment of the tool, the drive connection 3 consists of a central metal body 4, with an upper-side internal thread, in order, for example, to be screwed onto the drive spindle of a drilling machine. This metal body 4 is cast in a support body 5 made of solid plastic, which carries on the underside a cushion 6 made of an elastic plastic foam, which consists in closed-cell expanded and welded together particles of a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). The cushion 6 is formed annularly about a central axis 16 with a free inner recess, in the partially an annular extension 17 of the support body 5 protrudes. In particular, however, projects into the free interior of the pad 6, a central threaded extension 18 of the metal body 4, on the bottom of a clamping nut 19 is unscrewed with externally molded plastic clamping flange 20.

Der Klemmflansch 20 ist mit der Klemmmutter 19 in den freien Innenraum des Kissens 6 einschraubbar und vertieft einsenkbar. Damit kann auf einfache Weise eine Arbeitsmittelscheibe an der unteren Arbeitsmittelfläche 2 des Kissens 6 klemmend festgelegt werden, die im Bereich des Klemmflansches 20 ein zentrales Loch und radial nach außen weisende Schlitze aufweist, um die Arbeitsmittelscheibe 21 zum Einklemmen mit dem Klemmflansch 20 verformen zu können und damit eine einfache Haftverbindung mit dem Kissen 6 zu erzielen.The clamping flange 20 can be screwed with the clamping nut 19 in the free interior of the pad 6 and deepened lowered. This can be clamped in a simple manner a working disk on the lower working surface 2 of the pad 6, which has a central hole and radially outwardly facing slots in the region of the clamping flange 20 to deform the working disk 21 for clamping with the clamping flange 20 and to achieve a simple adhesive bond with the pad 6.

Die Innenaussparung des Kissens 6 hat gegenüber der vollflächigen Kreisform nach Fig. 1 und 2 auf die Arbeitsweise des Werkzeugs 1 keinen nennenswerten Einfluss, da die Werkzeuge sehr oft mit randbetontem Andruck eingesetzt werden und da insbesondere auch bei flächigem Aufsetzen des Werkzeugs die gewünschte Feinarbeit vor allem den radial weiter außenliegenden Bereichen aufgrund der außen höheren Rotationsbewegungen zufällt.The inner recess of the pad 6 has over the full-circle shape Fig. 1 and 2 on the operation of the tool 1 no significant influence, since the tools are very often used with edge-pressure and because in particular even with flat placement of the tool, the desired fine work especially falls radially outward areas due to the higher rotational movements outside.

Claims (18)

  1. Tool (1) for fine-machining of surfaces, comprising a pad (6) made of a resilient plastics foam, on the underside of which pad a working-material surface (2) is formed which is fitted with a layer of abrasive material or with abrasive blades or is in the form of an adhesive layer for working-material discs which can be detachably attached, and on the upper side of which pad a drive receptacle (4, 5) for working forces is formed, characterised in that the resilient plastics foam consists in closed-cell, expanded and welded-together particles of a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE).
  2. Tool (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the plastics foam is formed by a urethane-based elastomer.
  3. Tool (1) according to claim 2, characterised in that the resilient plastics foam consists of rigid and flexible segments having urethane linkage in the rigid blocks and ether-, ester- and/or carbonate linkage in the flexible blocks.
  4. Tool (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the resilient plastics foam is formed on the basis of thermoplastic polyamide elastomers.
  5. Tool (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the resilient plastics foam is formed on the basis of thermoplastic copolyamides.
  6. Tool (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the resilient plastics foam is formed on the basis of thermoplastic copolyester.
  7. Tool (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the resilient plastics foam is formed by thermoplastic olefin elastomer.
  8. Tool (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the resilient plastics foam is formed on the basis of thermoplastic styrene block copolymers having a diene.
  9. Tool (1) according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the plastics foam is formed by gas-filled balloon-like, approximately spherical to oval particles, which are joined under pressure and are welded together on the surfaces under the application of heat.
  10. Tool (1) according to either claim 1 or claim 9, characterised in that the plastics foam is designed to be homogeneous and without a solidified outer moulded skin up to the outer edges of the pad (6).
  11. Tool (1) according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the working-material surface (2) is provided with surface profiling for the application of working-material discs.
  12. Tool (1) according to claim 11, characterised in that the profiling includes edging the working-material surface with projections (11, 12, 13) which are distributed in a planar manner for hooking or engaging in a looped or woven texture on a working-material disc.
  13. Tool (1) according to claim 12, characterised in that the profiling forms distributed suction cups (8).
  14. Tool (1) according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the pad (6) comprises at least one solid and inflexible connection part (4, 5) which is moulded on during the shaping process.
  15. Tool (1) according to claim 14, characterised in that the connection part (4, 5) comprises a coupling element (4) for a machine drive and a support body (5) which covers the pad (6) at least in part.
  16. Tool (1) according to claim 14, characterised in that the connection part comprises at least one handle element for manual actuation.
  17. Tool (1) according to claim 14, 15 or 16, characterised in that the pad (6) comprises an adhesive coating for working-material discs which is moulded on the underside of the working-material surface during the shaping process.
  18. Tool (1) according to claim 14, 15 or 16, characterised in that the pad (6) comprises working material moulded on the underside during the shaping process.
EP15757438.5A 2014-09-09 2015-08-18 Polishing tool Not-in-force EP3191257B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE202014007186.1U DE202014007186U1 (en) 2014-09-09 2014-09-09 Tool for surface finishing
PCT/EP2015/001698 WO2016037683A1 (en) 2014-09-09 2015-08-18 Tool for surface finish machining

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EP3191257A1 EP3191257A1 (en) 2017-07-19
EP3191257B1 true EP3191257B1 (en) 2019-03-13

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EP (1) EP3191257B1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2016037683A1 (en)

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US10240394B1 (en) * 2017-02-16 2019-03-26 Working Concepts, Inc. Slip-resistant support base and method of making
CN108312081A (en) * 2018-04-13 2018-07-24 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 Cyclic spring polishing tool

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DE60314772T2 (en) * 2002-10-28 2007-10-31 Cabot Microelectronics Corp., Aurora TRANSPARENT MICROPOROUS MATERIALS FOR CMP

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US3900976A (en) * 1974-01-24 1975-08-26 Jr William H Kitts Device for supporting a coated abrasive
US5785784A (en) * 1994-01-13 1998-07-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasive articles method of making same and abrading apparatus
JP2003100682A (en) * 2001-09-25 2003-04-04 Jsr Corp Polishing pad for semiconductor wafer
US20070015448A1 (en) * 2003-08-07 2007-01-18 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Polishing pad having edge surface treatment
US20060089095A1 (en) * 2004-10-27 2006-04-27 Swisher Robert G Polyurethane urea polishing pad
US7488242B2 (en) * 2005-03-14 2009-02-10 Allway Tools, Inc. Sanding apparatus with molded elastomeric pad
US20100222442A1 (en) * 2006-01-18 2010-09-02 Basf Se Foams based on thermoplastic polyurethanes
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ES2873897T3 (en) * 2012-04-13 2021-11-04 Basf Se Procedure for the production of expanded granules
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WO2016037683A1 (en) 2016-03-17
EP3191257A1 (en) 2017-07-19
DE202014007186U1 (en) 2015-08-27

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