EP3188312B1 - Antennensystem - Google Patents

Antennensystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3188312B1
EP3188312B1 EP16207008.0A EP16207008A EP3188312B1 EP 3188312 B1 EP3188312 B1 EP 3188312B1 EP 16207008 A EP16207008 A EP 16207008A EP 3188312 B1 EP3188312 B1 EP 3188312B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
antennas
antennar
source
primary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16207008.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3188312A1 (de
Inventor
Friedman Tchoffo Talom
Bertrand BOIN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thales SA
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/17—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements
    • H01Q19/175—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements arrayed along the focal line of a cylindrical focusing surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/007—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns using two or more primary active elements in the focal region of a focusing device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna system.
  • low-profile is understood to mean antenna systems having heights of less than 20 centimeters.
  • a conventional parabola having a symmetrical structure can be used.
  • “Symmetrical structuring” means a structure exhibiting rotational symmetry. This provides optimum performance in terms of gain and pattern.
  • a parabolic antenna of the multi-focal type is used making it possible to reach a height meeting the “low-profile” need.
  • the diagram presented by the antenna in this plane is the diagram of a parabola having a small diameter. Such a diagram does not comply with the normalization constraints relating to the radiation diagram.
  • a planar network of horns is also known, also referred to as the English term “horn box” literally meaning “box of horns”.
  • horn box literally meaning “box of horns”.
  • the invention proposes an antenna system according to claim 1.
  • the antenna system comprises one or more of the characteristics of claims 2 to 7 taken in isolation or in all technically possible combinations.
  • the figure 1 illustrates a first embodiment of an antenna system 10 not forming part of the invention.
  • the antenna system 10 is suitable for receiving and transmitting data within the framework of communication, in particular by satellites.
  • the antenna system 10 is intended to be installed, for example, on ground or airborne platforms.
  • the antenna system 10 comprises a source 12, a reflector 14 and an arm 16.
  • the source 12 comprises a transmission-reception surface 18 and antennas 20.
  • the transmission-reception surface 18 is planar.
  • the transmission-reception surface 18 is suitable for receiving the antennas 20.
  • the transceiver surface 18 has a rectangular shape having a length and a width.
  • a longitudinal direction corresponding to the length of the rectangular shape is defined.
  • the longitudinal direction is symbolized by an X axis on the figure 1 .
  • a first transverse direction corresponding to the width of the rectangular shape is also defined.
  • the first transverse direction is symbolized by a Y axis on the figure 1 .
  • a second transverse direction is also defined as being perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X and to the first transverse direction Y.
  • the second transverse direction is symbolized by an axis Z on the figure 1 .
  • the antennas 20 are arranged along two parallel lines L1 and L2.
  • the lines L1 and L2 are in the longitudinal direction X.
  • the antennas 20 have a rectangular type shape.
  • Each line L1 and L2 comprises four antennas 20 according to the example of the figure 1 .
  • the number of antennas 20 of each line L1 or L2 is, for example, a multiple of two, such as eight or sixteen while respecting the “low profile” character.
  • the antennas 20 of each line L1 or L2 are interconnected so as to form a linear array of antennas 22.
  • the antennas 20 of the first line L1 form a first linear array of antennas 22A while the antennas 20 of the first line L2 form a second linear array of antennas 22B.
  • Each linear network 22A and 22B is oriented along the longitudinal direction X.
  • Each linear array of antennas 22A and 22B is able to emit a beam belonging to a first frequency band and to receive a beam belonging to a second frequency band, the second frequency band being distinct from the first frequency band.
  • the frequency bands are selected from the group consisting of Ka, Ku and X bands.
  • the Ka band corresponds in transmission to frequencies comprised between 29 GHz and 31 GHz and, in reception, to frequencies comprised between 19.2 GHz and 21.2 GHz.
  • the Ku band corresponds to the part of the electromagnetic spectrum defined by the frequency band from 10 GHz to 15 GHz for satellite communications.
  • the X band corresponds to the part of the electromagnetic spectrum defined by a frequency band located around 8 GHz also for satellite communications.
  • each antenna array 22A and 22B comprises a plurality of elementary antennas and antenna processing electronics.
  • the elementary antennas are sized for the band or bands on which the antenna array 22A and 22B is capable of transmitting or receiving.
  • the elementary antennas are all identical.
  • the linear arrays of antennas 22A and 22B give the source 12 the property of being dual-band in that the source 12 makes it possible to perform the transmission and reception functions.
  • the source 12 is capable of operating on the Ka/Ku band.
  • the source 12 is capable of operating on the Ka/X band.
  • the reflector 14 is arranged to reflect each of the beams emitted by the two linear arrays of antennas 22A and 22B.
  • the reflector 14 has the shape of a parabolic cylinder.
  • a parabolic cylinder is a portion of a cylinder whose basic shape is a portion of a parabola.
  • a parabola is a plane curve each point of which is located at equal distance from a fixed point, called the focus, and from a fixed line, called the directrix.
  • the shape of the reflector 14 makes it possible to define two faces, a concave face and a convex face.
  • the face suitable for reflecting each of the beams emitted by the two linear arrays of antennas 22A and 22B is the concave face.
  • the shape of the reflector 14 makes it possible to define a focal distance for the reflector 14.
  • the focal length of the reflector 14 is between 10 centimeters and 20 centimeters.
  • the focal distance of the reflector 14 is equal to 15 centimeters.
  • the direction in which the intersection of any perpendicular plane with the direction with the parabolic cylinder is a parabola is called the first direction D1.
  • a median plane P is defined for the reflector 14.
  • the median plane P is the plane containing the first direction D1 and the directrix of the reflector 14.
  • the direction perpendicular to the median plane P is called second direction D2.
  • the reflector 14 is delimited by four planes, two planes along the first direction D1 and two planes along the second direction D2.
  • the reflector 14 thus extends along the first direction D1 between a lower side 24 and an upper side 26.
  • the reflector 14 also extends along the second direction D2 between a first end 28 and a second end 30.
  • any point located in the median plane P is located equidistant from the two ends 28 and 30.
  • any plane perpendicular to the median plane P is a plane whose intersection, when it exists, with the reflector 14 is a parabola.
  • the angle between the first direction D1 and the longitudinal direction X is less than or equal to 10° depending on the orientation of the antennae 20.
  • the first direction D1 is parallel to the longitudinal direction X.
  • first direction D1 and the longitudinal direction X are parallel while the second direction D2 and the second longitudinal direction Z are parallel.
  • each linear array of antennas 22A and 22B is symmetrical to one another with respect to the median plane P.
  • each linear array of antennas 22A, 22B is equidistant from the two ends 28 and 30 of reflector 14.
  • the reflector 14 is, for example, made of a reflective material which can be aluminum, carbon or metallized plastic allowing its mass to be reduced.
  • the reflector 14 has a first dimension H along the first direction D1.
  • the first dimension H corresponds to the distance measured along the first direction D1 between the lower side 24 and the upper side 26.
  • the first dimension H is between 10 centimeters and 20 centimeters.
  • the first dimension H is equal to 15 centimeters.
  • the first dimension H is equal to the length of the transmission-reception surface 18.
  • the reflector 14 has a second dimension E along the second direction D2.
  • the second dimension H corresponds to the distance measured along the second direction D2 between the two ends 28 and 30.
  • the second dimension E is between 30 centimeters and 50 centimeters.
  • the second dimension E is equal to 40 centimeters.
  • Arm 16 connects source 12 to reflector 14.
  • the connecting member 16 is in the form of a bar extending along the first transverse direction Y.
  • the arm 16 is connected to the reflector 14 by a pivot link connected to the lower side 24 of the reflector 14.
  • the arm 16 is articulated around the longitudinal direction X.
  • the arm 16 has a length such that the distance between the reflector 14 and the source 12 is between 10 centimeters and 30 centimeters.
  • the distance between the source 12 and the reflector 14 measured along the first transverse direction Y is equal to 20 centimeters.
  • the arm 16 is, for example, made of a material identical to the material forming the transmission-reception surface 18.
  • the source 12 emits a beam belonging to a first frequency band towards the reflector 14.
  • the beam is then reflected by the reflector 14.
  • the reflector 14 reflects the beam towards the source 12 whose antennas 20 receive the beam.
  • the transmission and reception operations are, for example, implemented simultaneously.
  • the antenna system 10 proposed makes it possible to benefit from dual-band operation.
  • the antenna system 10 is compact in particular since the first dimension H is less than 30 centimeters.
  • the antenna system 10 has good performance in terms of radiation and diagram.
  • the antenna system 10 makes it possible to easily integrate bipolarization operation into the design of the linear arrays of antennas 22A and 22B.
  • the antenna system 10 also has a large coverage capacity in terms of operating band.
  • the antenna system 10 has a low manufacturing cost.
  • an architecture comprising linear arrays of antennas 22A and 22B integrating duplexing in transmission and in reception while being associated with a reflector 14 of particular shape is easily achievable.
  • the antenna system 10 has an architecture suitable for multiple uses.
  • a second embodiment not forming part of the invention is illustrated by the picture 3 .
  • the reflector 14 of the second embodiment differs from the reflector of the first embodiment in that the reflector 14 of the picture 3 includes a primary reflector 32 and a secondary reflector 34.
  • the median plane P is defined for the reflector 14 of the picture 3 relative to the primary reflector 32.
  • the secondary reflector 34 has a shape identical to the primary reflector 36.
  • the secondary reflector 34 has reduced dimensions compared to the dimensions of the primary reflector 32.
  • the secondary reflector 34 has a second dimension of the same order as the height of the antennas 20 and a first dimension at most equal to 15% that of the parabolic reflector in order to minimize the blocking of radiation.
  • the primary reflector 32 and the secondary reflector 34 are positioned in Cassegrain configuration.
  • the primary reflector 32 and the secondary reflector 34 are positioned such that their generatrices are all parallel to each other and such that their respective concave faces C, C' are located opposite each other. More precisely, the guidelines of the primary reflector 32 and of the secondary reflector 34 coincide.
  • the primary reflector 32 and the secondary reflector 34 are located at a distance between 15 centimeters and 25 centimeters.
  • the source 12 is positioned between the primary reflector 32 and the secondary reflector 34, for example at a distance of less than 10 centimeters from the primary reflector 32.
  • the source 12 transmits a beam belonging to a first frequency band towards the secondary reflector 34.
  • the beam is then reflected towards the primary reflector 32 which then reflects the incident beam.
  • a beam belonging to a second incident frequency band arrives at the primary reflector 32.
  • the primary reflector 32 reflects the beam towards the secondary reflector 34 which reflects the beam towards the source 12 whose antennas 20 receive the beam.
  • the figure 4 illustrates a third embodiment of the antenna system 10 not forming part of the invention.
  • the source 12 differs from the source of the first embodiment in that the source 12 has two sources 40A and 40B conforming to the source 12 of the first embodiment.
  • each source 40A, 40B is positioned opposite a respective end 28, 30 of the reflector 14 so that at least one linear array of antennas 22A and 22B is positioned opposite an end 28 and 30.
  • the figure 5 illustrates a fourth embodiment of the antenna structure.
  • the reflector 14 comprises a primary reflector 32 and two secondary reflectors 34A and 34B capable of reflecting the beam towards the primary reflector 32, each of the primary 32 and secondary reflectors 34A and 34B having the shape of a parabolic cylinder.
  • each secondary reflector 34A and 34B is symmetrical with respect to the median plane P and each secondary reflector 34A and 34B is positioned facing a respective end 28 and 30 of the primary reflector 32.
  • the antenna structure 10 comprises a source 12 capable of emitting at least one beam, the source 12 comprising at least one linear array of antennas 22A and 22B 20B, each linear array 22A and 22B being specific to emitting a beam, the antenna structure 10 comprising a reflector 14 having the shape of a parabolic cylinder, the reflector 14 being arranged to reflect the at least one beam.
  • Such a configuration makes it possible to have an antenna system 10 having a reduced size in height with good performance in terms of gain and diagram.
  • the source 12 comprises more than two emission-reception surfaces 18 and a greater number of linear arrays of antennas.

Landscapes

  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Antennensystem (10), umfassend:
    - eine Quelle (12), die geeignet ist, um mindestens einen Strahl zu emittieren, die Quelle (12) umfassend mindestens ein lineares Antennennetzwerk (22A, 22B), wobei jedes lineare Netzwerk (22A, 22B) geeignet ist, um einen Strahl zu emittieren, und
    - einen Reflektor (14),
    der angeordnet ist, um mindestens den Strahl zu reflektieren,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Reflektor (14) einen primären Reflektor (32) und zwei sekundäre Reflektoren (34, 34A, 34B) umfasst, die geeignet sind, um den Strahl zu dem primären Reflektor (32) zu reflektieren, wobei jeder von dem primären (32) und dem sekundären Reflektor (34, 34A, 34B) die Form eines parabolischen Zylinders aufweist,
    eine Mittelebene (P) für den Reflektor (14) definiert ist, wobei jeder sekundäre Reflektor (34A, 34B) in Bezug auf die Mittelebene (P) symmetrisch ist, zwei Enden (28, 30) für den primären Reflektor (32) definiert sind,
    wobei jeder sekundäre Reflektor (34A, 34B) gegenüber einem jeweiligen Ende (28, 30) des primären Reflektors (32) positioniert ist.
  2. Antennensystem nach Anspruch 1, wobei eine erste Richtung (D1) für den Reflektor (14) definiert ist, wobei jedes lineare Antennennetzwerk (22A, 22B) in einer Längsrichtung (X) ausgerichtet ist und der Winkel zwischen der ersten Richtung (D1) und der Längsrichtung (X) kleiner als oder gleich wie 15 ° ist.
  3. Antennensystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei eine erste Richtung (D1) für den Reflektor (14) definiert ist, wobei jedes lineare Antennennetzwerk (22A, 22B) in einer Längsrichtung (X) ausgerichtet ist und der Winkel zwischen der ersten Richtung (D1) und der Längsrichtung (X) kleiner als oder gleich wie 5 ° ist.
  4. Antennensystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei jedes lineare Antennennetzwerk (20A, 20B) in Bezug auf die Mittelebene zueinander symmetrisch ist.
  5. Antennensystem (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei jedes lineare Antennennetzwerk (22A, 22B) geeignet ist, um einen Strahl zu emittieren, der zu einem ersten Frequenzband gehört, und einen Strahl zu empfangen, der zu einem zweiten Frequenzband gehört, wobei das zweite Frequenzband von dem ersten Frequenzband verschieden ist.
  6. Antennensystem (10) nach Anspruch 5, wobei die Frequenzbänder Betriebsbänder für Satellitenkommunikationsanwendungen sind und ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus den Bändern Ka, Ku und X.
  7. Antennensystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei jedes lineare Antennennetzwerk (22A, 22B) gegenüber einem Ende (28, 30) oder in gleichem Abstand von den zwei Enden (28, 30) positioniert ist.
EP16207008.0A 2015-12-28 2016-12-27 Antennensystem Active EP3188312B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1502701A FR3046301B1 (fr) 2015-12-28 2015-12-28 Systeme antennaire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3188312A1 EP3188312A1 (de) 2017-07-05
EP3188312B1 true EP3188312B1 (de) 2022-11-30

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EP16207008.0A Active EP3188312B1 (de) 2015-12-28 2016-12-27 Antennensystem

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EP (1) EP3188312B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2939371T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3046301B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107482322B (zh) * 2017-07-26 2020-03-17 西安电子科技大学 一种基于张拉结构的可展开抛物柱面天线
EP4068517A1 (de) * 2021-03-30 2022-10-05 Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy Antennenvorrichtung

Citations (4)

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JP2000082919A (ja) * 1998-07-02 2000-03-21 Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc アンテナ装置
US20110063179A1 (en) * 2009-09-15 2011-03-17 Guler Michael G Mechanically Steered Reflector Antenna
US20110156948A1 (en) * 2007-03-16 2011-06-30 Mobile Sat Ltd. Vehicle mounted antenna and methods for transmitting and/or receiving signals
US20140326903A1 (en) * 2011-12-29 2014-11-06 Quantrill Estate Inc Universal device for energy concentration

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US2471284A (en) * 1945-05-25 1949-05-24 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Directive antenna system
US3267472A (en) * 1960-07-20 1966-08-16 Litton Systems Inc Variable aperture antenna system
JPS61157105A (ja) * 1984-12-28 1986-07-16 Dx Antenna Co Ltd アンテナ装置
KR100894909B1 (ko) * 2007-08-21 2009-04-30 한국전자통신연구원 재구성 하이브리드 안테나 장치

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000082919A (ja) * 1998-07-02 2000-03-21 Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc アンテナ装置
US20110156948A1 (en) * 2007-03-16 2011-06-30 Mobile Sat Ltd. Vehicle mounted antenna and methods for transmitting and/or receiving signals
US20110063179A1 (en) * 2009-09-15 2011-03-17 Guler Michael G Mechanically Steered Reflector Antenna
US20140326903A1 (en) * 2011-12-29 2014-11-06 Quantrill Estate Inc Universal device for energy concentration

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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Title
ABOLGHASEM ZAMANIFEKRI: "Ka-band integrated focal-plane arrays for two-way satellite communication", 30 June 2015 (2015-06-30), XP055721326, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://pure.tue.nl/ws/files/11271441/20151230_Zamanifekri.pdf> [retrieved on 20200810] *
ZAMANIFEKRI A ET AL: "Beam Squint Compensation in Circularly Polarized Offset Reflector Antennas Using a Sequentially Rotated Focal-Plane Array", IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS, vol. 14, 24 December 2014 (2014-12-24), pages 815 - 818, XP011576232, ISSN: 1536-1225, [retrieved on 20150318], DOI: 10.1109/LAWP.2014.2386308 *
ZAMANIFEKRI A ET AL: "Focal plane array with a Ka-band Silicon transmitter on chip for VSAT applications", THE 8TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION (EUCAP 2014), EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, 6 April 2014 (2014-04-06), pages 253 - 256, XP032643040, DOI: 10.1109/EUCAP.2014.6901737 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2939371T3 (es) 2023-04-21
EP3188312A1 (de) 2017-07-05
FR3046301B1 (fr) 2019-05-31
FR3046301A1 (fr) 2017-06-30

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