Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
  • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
  • F23J15/003—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
  • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
  • F23B1/16—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support
  • F23B1/18—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support using inclined grate
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
  • F23B30/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber
  • F23B30/02—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber with movable, e.g. vibratable, fuel-supporting surfaces; with fuel-supporting surfaces that have movable parts
  • F23B30/06—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber with movable, e.g. vibratable, fuel-supporting surfaces; with fuel-supporting surfaces that have movable parts with fuel supporting surfaces that are specially adapted for advancing fuel through the combustion zone
  • F23B30/10—Combustion apparatus with driven means for agitating the burning fuel; Combustion apparatus with driven means for advancing the burning fuel through the combustion chamber with movable, e.g. vibratable, fuel-supporting surfaces; with fuel-supporting surfaces that have movable parts with fuel supporting surfaces that are specially adapted for advancing fuel through the combustion zone with fuel-supporting surfaces having fuel advancing elements that are movable, but remain essentially in the same place, e.g. with rollers or reciprocating grate bars
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
  • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
  • F23G5/12—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
  • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
  • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
  • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
  • F23G5/165—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber arranged at a different level
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
  • F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
  • F23J1/06—Mechanically-operated devices, e.g. clinker pushers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
  • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
  • F23K3/08—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus for furnaces having movable grate bars
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
  • F23L17/00—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
  • F23L17/005—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues using fans
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
  • F23L5/00—Blast-producing apparatus before the fire
  • F23L5/02—Arrangements of fans or blowers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
  • F23N1/04—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply and with draught
  • F23N1/042—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply and with draught using electronic means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
  • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
  • F23J2215/20—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
  • F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
  • F23K2203/20—Feeding/conveying devices
  • F23K2203/202—Feeding/conveying devices using screws
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
  • F23N2223/08—Microprocessor; Microcomputer
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
  • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

Definitions

• TYPE Present invention relates to a novel technological fully automated smokeless combustion hot water/steam boiler developed as an alternative to the available domestic and industrial type solid and liquid/gas fueled boilers, which is capable of burning the coal as smoke-free in special combustion chamber with high combustion efficiency by virtue of the fully automated coal feeding, combustion air hardware and grate system as being adjusted to the volatile, clinker and sulfur content within the coal, which reduces sulfur dioxide emission via fully automated dry desulphurization system, and which is also capable of burning liquid fuel or natural gas in a secondary special combustion chamber without any modifications.
• Liquid and gas fuels can generally be combusted with high efficiency due to their homogeneity.
• combustion efficiency of the solid fuels, particularly the highly volatile coals in current boiler or combustion systems that are employed for heating and used in the industry, reduces significantly due to smoke generation, and energy loss can be enormous.
• natural gas increasingly becomes widespread in the modern world, coal can naturally have a broad field of use both in thermal plants generating electrical energy and in heating and industry in countries with rich coal reserves.
• Coal can be combusted with relatively high combustion efficiency by means of special burners in the boilers used in thermal plants after being pulverized, or the lump coal can be combusted with relatively high combustion efficiency in fluidized bed systems or by means of mechanical loading stokers in industrial type large capacity boilers and in large capacity boilers used for central heating purposes.
• flue dust retainer multi cyclones and wet filters must be used at such combustion systems, yet smoke and pollutant emissions generated as a result of poor combustion leads to considerable amount of air pollution.
• Combustion is a chemical process resulting in release of heat and luminous energy where carbon and other combustible materials within solid, liquid or gas fuels combine with oxygen over a certain ignition temperature.
• any firing system fulfilling such conditions during combustion of the fuel realizes complete combustion and smokeless firing as smoke is the product of a poor combustion.
• Coal is a solid fossil fuel comprising of various combustibles, humidity, and incombustible mineral substances. During combustion of the coal, combustible materials comprising of fixed carbon and volatile substances are burned while mineral substances remain as ash. In general, coals are classified on the basis of their fixed carbon content, volatile substance, humidity and ash ratios. Accordingly, coals are categorized under three main groups as "anthracite” with very low volatile substance ratio, "bituminous coal” or “hard coal” with medium volatile substance level and “lignite” with high volatile ratio.
• coal When coal is heated, the volatile substances within the coal become distilled even at temperatures under ignition temperature and start to emerge as combustible gas (hydrocarbon gasses and tar steam).
• the coal comprising of the fixed carbon that remains after complete distillation of such volatile substances is called "coke".
• simultaneous combustion of two fuels, one in gas and one in solid form, which are combustible gasses released during combustion of the coal and the fixed carbon part occurs.
• the ignition temperature of the released combustible gasses is higher, the basic problem especially in firing the highly volatile coals like lignite resides in providing necessary conditions in combustion chamber in order to ensure complete combustion of two separate forms (solid and gas) of fuel with distinct ignition temperatures.
• Brown smoke brown smoke: If the temperature in the combustion chamber is below the ignition temperature of the released combustible gasses, then even if adequate amount of air is present, hydrocarbon gasses leave the system without combustion and are exhausted from the stack in the form of smoke.
• Such smoke comprising of unburned hydrocarbons and tar steam has brown (or grey, depending on the type of coal) appearance, thus, such type of smoke is called brown smoke (grey smoke).
• the existing hot water, superheated water and steam boilers used for heating and industrial purposes today can be categorized in two groups as welded steel boilers and sectional cast iron boilers in terms of manufacture and constructive properties.
• the boilers in these two groups can be evaluated as follows in terms of ability to burn solid, liquid and gas fuel and their areas of usage.
• the boilers in this group are the boilers used for both residence-apartment type domestic heating and for industrial purposes. These boilers can be further categorized in two main groups according to their constructive properties. a) Flame-Smoke Tube Boilers
• Flame-smoke tube boilers are boilers used at low- and medium-capacity domestic type central heating plants and again at relatively low- and medium-capacity industrial steam generation. Such type of boilers can also be classified as three distinct types in terms of constructive properties and design styles.
• DANSK Semi cylindrical boiler
• SCH Cylindrical three pass boiler
• solid fuels can be used only on the condition to install mechanical loading coal burners (stoker) or preliminary furnace instead of burners.
• Cylindrical back pressure (Reverse flow) radiation boilers are low capacity boilers completely designed for burning liquid and gas fuel and used for domestic and rather apartment type home heating purposes. As radiation based heat transfer is achieved through reverse flow in the small combustion chamber in such type of boilers, it is not possible to burn solid fuel by installing grates.
• Water tube boilers are the boilers rather used at large capacity central heating plants or for industrial purposes. Such type of large capacity boilers are further capable of burning solid fuels on the condition to install mechanical coal burners (stoker) instead of liquid and gas fuel burner at the front section. On the other hand, there is also a large number of large capacity water tube boilers designed to operate completely with solid fueled as is the case for thermal plants' boilers.
• Such type of boilers are also low-capacity boilers designed for burning liquid and gas fuel.
• Types operating with solid fuels, such as coke, briquette etc., are also available.
• Gas fuel operated boilers are available in two distinct types as blown burner and atmospheric burner.
• Solid fueled boilers can be categorized in two main groups as manual feed boilers and mechanical feed boilers in terms of firing technology.
• the coal is burned on the grate with a low efficiency in existing domestic type manual feed low- and medium-capacity hot water and steam boilers generally used for heating purposes; as filters are generally not used in such type of boilers, air pollution arising from the pollutant emissions reach to enormous magnitudes.
• coal is burned by means of mechanical feed coal burners (stoker) or in fluidized bed systems, meanwhile, at larger capacity boilers in thermal plants intended for electricity generation, coal is burned by means of pulverized system special burners after being pulverized in special mills.
• coal can be burned with higher efficiency compared to the manual feed boilers.
• fluidized bed combustion systems ensure optimum level of air- fuel mixture in line with the combustion continuity, combustion efficiency is further increased to higher levels.
• the firing system in semi cylindrical boiler which is in the manual feed boiler group and most commonly used at house-apartment type domestic heating, comprises a manual feed fixed plane grate furnace, which is an extremely old technology.
• the fresh coal is fed not on the entire face of the grate but stacked at the right and left side, respectively in the form of pads.
• This method aims combustion of the released gasses by progressive heating of the fresh coal compared to the sprinkle burning method at one half of the grate while coked coal burns on the other half of the grate.
• the gasses are released in longer periods, as the released gasses on one side orients towards the rear side of the grate room as parallel to the hot gasses released from the embers on the other side of the grate and also as the gasses get in contact with the cold surfaces on the grate box bottom, majority of the gasses leave the system in the form of grey smoke without being ignited.
• the furnace stokers do not use both burning methods according to the art and feeds large amounts of coal into the boiler at once for convenience. Therefore, fuel loss reaches to maximum levels as a result of first grey smoke, then black smoke (soot) and carbon monoxide generation due to very thick combustion bed.
• the firing system in sectional cast iron boiler essentially comprises a manual feed furnace and primer air enters to the firing system underneath the grate and the secondary air enters the firing system from the ignition hatch at the front part of the furnace.
• sectional cast iron boiler is designed for rather burning degassed coals such as coke or briquette, coal is burned at a thick combustion bed on a small grate area.
• coal combustion systems in mechanical feed boilers can be categorized into four groups in terms of coal feed method and combustion principle. 1) Coal combustion systems with overfeed stoker
• Overfeed stokers (coal burners) assumes the firing system function of the boiler as being installed within semi cylindrical and cylindrical three pass boilers and water tube boilers or as being implemented as front furnace in front of the boiler. Combustion air is supplied via forced blowing under the grate while fresh coal is fed on the grate via mechanical feeding.
• Coal combustion systems with overfeed stoker can be categorized in three groups as jetting type stokers, forward push stokers and rotary grate (palletized) stokers.
• jetting type overfeed stokers fresh coal is sprinkled on the fire within the combustion chamber with fixed or mobile cascade grate with a mechanical jetting system and the combustion principle is implementing the sprinkle burning method in manual feed boiler by automatic feed.
• Use of particle retainer multi cyclones or wet filters at the stack outlet becomes mandatory due to black smoke generation as a result of failure to fire the volatiles released rapidly from the fresh coal sprinkled on the combustion bed by means of automatic jetting system.
• Underfeed stokers (coal burners) again assume the firing system function of the boiler as being installed within grate box of the semi cylindrical and cylindrical three pass boilers or as being implemented as front furnace in front of the boiler.
• the coal is fed to the fixed grate combustion chamber from below using a helix and the combustion air is again supplied with a forced blowing fan parallel to the underfed coal.
• Coal combustion systems with fluidized bed are rather suitable for burning pulverized or fine grained coals and are combustion systems applied to the large capacity industrial type water tube boilers.
• Combustion systems with fluidized bed are based on the principle of burning the coal as fluidizing the coal as if the water in a boiling pan together with the sorbent material at the combustion bed with the pressurized hot air fed under the perforated plate resistant to high temperature under the combustion chamber. Coal is overfed to the fluidized combustion bed automatically via spiral conveyor.
• Pulverized powder coal combustion systems are combustion systems with broad area of usage at very large capacity water tube boilers especially in thermal plants generating electrical energy.
• the pulverized coal is sprayed into the combustion chamber of the boiler with an air-fuel mixture suitable to the lower heating value of the fuel from several spots in such manner to create turbulence and is burned in a pulverized manner.
• Highly efficient combustion is achieved due to suitable air-fuel ratio and the turbulent mixture in the combustion chamber.
• some of the volatile substances cannot be burned as the volatiles within the fresh pulverized coal sprayed into the combustion chamber are released rapidly and turn into particles by means of cracking reactions. Therefore, large capacity wet desulfurization systems and wet filters are used at the stack outlet in order to reduce sulfur dioxide emission arising from coals with high sulfur content.
• the function of the firing system in boilers designed for liquid and gas fuel combustion is fulfilled by the liquid or gas fuel burners which are installed in front of the boiler and which operate as fully automated.
• the burner is activated at the temperature set depending on the thermostat controlled by the boiler exit water temperature and is deactivated automatically when a certain temperature is achieved.
• Other automatic control systems that enable control depending on the exterior temperature can also be implemented in such boilers with ease due to such automatic deactivation feature of the burner.
• Liquid fueled boilers generally use fuel-oil as fuel, which is known as central heating fuel.
• Liquid fuel burner is capable of spraying fuel-oil, which is a homogenous fuel, into the combustion chamber of the boiler together with the combustion air and burning in a turbulent manner and as complete combustion conditions are fulfilled when the combustion chamber design of the boiler, spray angle of the burner and combustion capacity are suitable, smoke generation is prevented.
• Adjustable air fuel mixture of the burner can increase combustion efficiency, and adjustment of burner nozzle enables operation at the desired capacity within the capacity range.
• smoke in the form of soot or as unburned hydrocarbons can be released from the stack.
• Natural gas is commonly used as fuel in gas fueled boilers.
• gas fuel burners which are blowing (fan) burner and atmospheric burner. Atmospheric burners can only be used in the boilers with atmospheric burner specially designed only for such burners.
• Blowing burners on the other hand, can be implemented in cylindrical three pass boiler, back pressure radiation boiler and three pass sectional cast iron boilers. In cylindrical three pass steel boilers and the sectional cast iron three pass boilers, after the air-gas mixture supplied to the combustion chamber by the burner completes combustion in cylindrical combustion chamber, the combustion product hot gasses pass from the secondary and third passage pipes or ducts and then leave the boiler and reach to the stack.
• the heat transfer in cylindrical three pass boilers is ensured through radiation in combustion chamber and through convection and conduction at the secondary and third passage pipes.
• soot and smut is accumulated that might be generated as products of poor combustion at the pipes due to defective operation or otherwise at such type of boilers
• the front smoke box covers of the boiler can be opened and pipes can be cleaned using wire brush.
• the novel boiler of the invention is designed with graded completely mobile grate system or cascaded mobile-fixed special grate system according to low, medium and large capacity requirements in domestic and industrial types.
• Novel technological boiler is designed with double wall or with water tube design depending on hot water, superheated water, steam generation and operating pressure.
• Figure I illustrates domestic type low or medium capacity double wall design hot water generating boiler with graded completely mobile grate system.
• Figure 2 illustrates the central heating and industrial type medium and large capacity double wall design hot water/superheated water generating boiler with cascaded mobile-fixed special grate system.
• Figure 3 on the other hand illustrates the central heating and industrial type large capacity water tube design superheated water/steam generating boiler with cascaded mobile-fixed special grate system.
• Boiler front panel pertaining to the solid fuel air hardware
• novel technological boiler of the invention is designed as hot water, superheated water or steam boiler for domestic or industrial purposes or for heating, steam and energy generation purposes, and comprises three main sections, which are solid fuel firing section comprising of thirty six functional parts, which are temperature or pressure sensitive PLC controlled automation and safety system (1 ), forced aspiration fan (2) with inverter controlled from automation panel depending on the boiler operation capacity and coal type and forced blowing fan (4) with inverter controlled from automation panel by means of vacuum gauge (3) measuring the solid fuel combustion chamber pressure, main air inlet valve (7) controlled from automation panel and low capacity -idle- air intake valve (8) located on stack by-pass damper (5) of the boiler front panel (6) pertaining to the solid fuel air hardware, coal feed silo air circulation pipe (9), coal feed silo circulation air valve -butterfly valve- (1 0), band or spiral conveyor (1 3) that enables automatic coal feed from coal main silo (1 1 ) to double wall coal
• the liquid/gas fuel firing section of the boiler of the patent comprises liquid/gas fuel burner access hatch (37) located at the rear part of the boiler in double wall design as illustrated in Figure 1 and 2, and located at the frontal top section of the boiler in water tube design as illustrated in Figure 3, and liquid/gas fuel burner (38) connected to the boiler, liquid/gas fuel flame inlet (39) with water jacket or refractor, and two blast hatches (41 ) at lateral bottom sides of the fire box (42) used commonly by water tube special designed liquid/gas fuel combustion chamber (40), which is located at the cylindrical structure characterized as reverse flow furnace located at top section of the solid fuel combustion chamber at double wall design and again at the top section of the solid fuel combustion chamber at water tube design, and solid fuel firing unit.
• liquid/gas fuel burner access hatch located at the rear part of the boiler in double wall design as illustrated in Figure 1 and 2, and located at the frontal top section of the boiler in water tube design as illustrated in Figure 3, and liquid/gas fuel burner (38) connected to the boiler, liquid/gas fuel flame inlet (39) with water jacket or
• Combustion air is supplied to the solid fuel firing section of the boiler of the invention with the forced blowing fan (4) with inverter that provides desired pressure in combustion chamber as being controlled from the automation panel by means of the forced aspiration fan (2) with inverter controlled by the automation system (1 ) and the vacuum gauge (3) that measures the combustion chamber pressure.
• the aspiration fan and the blowing fan running with the inverter supplies combustion air flow rate suitable for the operation capacity that the enterprise requires at staged revolutions selected according to the needs of the enterprise from the panel of the automation system.
• combustion air can also be supplied with three options, which are induced draught only with stack aspiration fan by deactivating the forced blowing fan or only natural draught by deactivating the stack aspirator and by opening stack by-pass damper (5).
• stack gas condenser comprising of stainless steel pipes is located at the rear section of the boiler in order to exploit the energy of the steam within the stack gasses. While the stack gasses are passing through the condenser via induced draught when the stack by-pass damper is at closed position, the condenser improves the boiler efficiency by transferring vaporization latent heat to the low temperature boiler return water through condensation of the steam arising from the humidity content of the natural gas or coal.
• the condenser might also be deactivated by opening the condenser by-pass valve (51 ) between the condenser and the boiler after deactivating the aspirator by opening the stack by-pass damper (5).
• the boiler front panel (6) which is detachable to the boiler from front, pertaining to the air hardware is located at the front side of the solid fuel firing section of the novel boiler, and natural draught or only aspiration common main air intake valve (7) and natural draught low capacity -idle- air intake valve (8) are located on this panel.
• combustion air can be supplied only by means of forced aspiration with the main air intake valve (7) that opens automatically by means of the main air intake valve actuator (62).
• the stack by-pass damper (5) that turns on and off with a by-pass damper actuator (55) controlled by the automation panel turns on automatically when the aspiration fan is deactivated and supplies combustion air at lower capacity through natural draught of the stack.
• main air valve also turns off automatically and only the low capacity -idle- air valve (8) turns on automatically.
• combustion air can be supplied with three options; first of which is forced draught where forced blowing fan and forced aspiration fan operates simultaneously; second is forced draught only with forced aspiration fan and the third one is only natural draught.
• forced draught is not required aspiration fan or blowing fan are not considered necessary except for the emergencies and in such cases combustion air can be supplied only by means of natural draught depending on the heating requirements.
• combustion air can be supplied with two options; first of which is when the main air valve is at fully open position and the second is when the main air valve is closed and the low capacity -idle- air valve is at open position.
• Forced intake air distributer (56) is located across the forced blowing fan outlet connected to the boiler front panel (6), and primary air duct (57), to which the primary air is directed, is located at the bottom side of the duct formed between the air distributor and panel, while the secondary air duct (58), to which the secondary air is directed, and the coal type volatile damper controlled from automation panel (59), which enables adjustment of the system according to the volatile ratio in the coal content are located at the top side of the same.
• the secondary air heading upwards passes from the top side of the coal pre-heating chamber, it then heads down as illustrated in the figure and extends into the secondary air heating ducts (60) on the rear wall of the distillation chamber.
• the forced draught combustion air supplied via forced aspiration and blowing fan hits the forced intake air distributer (56) across the front panel and is separated into two branches heading upwards and downwards.
• the combustion air supplied through natural stack draught enters from the main air intake valve (7) during operation at normal capacity; during operation at low capacity, on the other hand, the main air valve controlled from the automation panel is turned off completely and the combustion air is supplied only from low capacity -idle- air intake valve (8).
• the primary air entering with the forced aspiration and the forced blowing fan controlled from the vacuum gauge depending on the pressure within the combustion chamber heads downwards and passes through primary air duct (57) and reaches to the combustion chamber from below the grate.
• the secondary air heading upwards circulates the top section of the coal pre-heating chamber after passing the coal type volatile damper (59) on the secondary air duct (58) and becoming subject to a certain preheating, and then is completely heated at the secondary air heating ducts (60) at the rear side of the distillation chamber (18) then reaches to the combustion chamber (19) from above.
• Main air intake valve (7) can be opened and closed automatically in a staged manner depending on the temperature or pressure level desirable at the enterprise as being connected to an actuator (62) controlled by the panel of the PLC controlled automation system.
• Main air valve can also be manually adjusted and fixed by means of a screwed adjustment mechanism (63) in cases where the automation system becomes deactivated or wherever considered necessary.
• the low capacity -idle- air intake valve (8) is also capable of opening and closing automatically during low capacity operation as being connected to an actuator (64) controlled by the panel of the PLC controlled automation system, and being adjusted manually by means of a screwed adjustment mechanism (65) whenever necessary.
• the coal type volatile damper (59) can also be adjusted in a staged manner depending on the type of coal used as being connected to an actuator (66) controlled by the panel of the PLC controlled automation system; moreover the damper can also be manually adjusted and fixed by means of a screwed adjustment mechanism (67) with butterfly cap wherever considered necessary according to the rate of volatiles in the coal used.
• the coal type volatile damper (59) can be set at six distinct positions on average depending on the type of coal to be used, which are, for instance fully (1 00%) open for very highly volatile coals, approximately 80% open for highly volatile coals, approximately 60% open for medium volatile coals, approximately 40% open for relatively low volatile coals, approximately 20% open for very low volatile coals such as anthracite, and closed for non-volatile coals such as coke. Adjusting this valve just once, either from PLC controlled automation panel or manually, depending on the type of coal to be used during daily operation shall be sufficient.
• the coal feed silo circulation air valve -butterfly valve- (1 0) on the coal feed silo air circulation pipe (9) connected to the forced blowing fan outlet from top side can be adjusted in a staged manner depending on the type of coal used as being connected to an actuator (68) controlled by the panel of the PLC controlled automation system; moreover it can also be manually adjusted and fixed by means of a screwed adjustment mechanism (69) wherever considered necessary.
• the fully automated novel boiler enables adjustment of primary and secondary air amounts, which have distinct functions during combustion ; automatic control of the primary and secondary air flow rates from PLC controlled automation panel and further enables the primary and secondary airs to perform their functions in the best manner for complete combustion with the distribution mechanism of the ducts.
• double wall coal feed silo circulation air and the air directed towards the coal from above within the silo and the pre-heating chamber not only prevents overheating of the silo, but also directs the combustible gasses that might be released in the chamber as a result of distillation towards the combustion chamber by applying pressure from above.
• a multidimensional combustion optimization is ensured by means of low capacity -idle- air setting only intended for firing released volatile-combustible gasses at very low flow rate.
• the fully automated novel smokeless combustion boiler of the invention contain coal main silo (1 1 ) and double wall coal feed silo with air circulation (1 2) and the band or spiral conveyor (13) that enable automatic coal feeding from coal main silo to the coal feed silo is controlled from the coal feed silo level sensor (70), and activates and deactivates automatically as the coal level in the coal feed silo is reduced as being connected to PLC controlled automation system.
• the cover of the coal feed silo (71 ) opens automatically by means of the coal feed silo cover actuator (72) controlled from the PLC controlled automation system before the coal feed conveyor goes into action and closes automatically after the coal feed conveyor stops.
• the cover of the coal feed silo can be opened and closed manually.
• a coal flow adapter (73) with an angle conforming to the natural from of coal to the silo from the coal feed spiral outlet is available instead of the cover and the coal flow adapter is detachable when necessary as being bolted between the spiral outlet and silo inlet. In this manner, capacity fluctuations arising from opening and closing the hatch during coal feeding operation are avoided.
• Means for uninterrupted coal feed is also provided in domestic type boilers suitable for coal feed using spiral by implementing coal flow adapter.
• Coal feed silo tracks (74) installed on the coal pre-heating chamber (16) are available at the bottom part of the double wall coal feed silo with air circulation (12) and the coal feed silo is moved left and right by means of the coal feed silo reels (75) on said tracks, thus enable opening and closing of the front smoke box covers of the boiler with double wall design.
• coal feed silo is tightly bolted and fixed in place.
• Graded complete mobile grate system (21 ), which can be seen in Figure 1 , for domestic type low- and medium-capacity boilers is present under the solid fuel combustion chamber (1 9) of the novel boiler of the patent, which is adjustable through the command received from the automation panel depending on the type of coal used.
• cascade mobile-fixed special grate system (22) as illustrated in Figure 2 and Figure 3 is present.
• the grate motion reducer (20) with inverter drives reciprocating motion to the graded complete mobile grate system (21 ) or the mobile grates of the cascade mobile- fixed special grate system (22) by means of the camshaft (76) with adjustable stroke and the connecting rod arms (77).
• the graded complete mobile grate system comprises the graded complete mobile grate frame (78), complete mobile grates (79) resistant to high temperatures and installed on the stages on the grate frame and the reels (80) installed at the lateral walls of the boiler.
• Cascade mobile-fixed special grate system comprises cascade mobile grates (83) placed on the mobile grate carrier shafts (82) on the cascade mobile grate frame (81 ) and the cascade fixed grates (86) placed on the fixed grate shafts (85) on the cascade fixed grate frame (84).
• Mobile grate moves on the grate frame carrier balls (88) installed within a special mobile grate frame carrier ball bearings (87) installed under the frame (81 ) and at the lateral walls of the boiler.
• the fixed clinker cooling grates (89) which enable cooling of the hot clinkers before falling into the clinker spiral at the clinker tray, is located at the top side of the clinker tray (30) section after the last step of the fixed grates installed above the top section of the double wall or water tube of the ashtray-clinker tray intermediate chamber (29) located within the steel construction boiler frame (27).
• thermocouples (90) installed at the central section of the fixed clinker cooling grates and that measure clinker temperature. The reducer moving the grate from the panel of the automation system by means of the thermocouple measuring clinker temperature is controlled in order to ensure that the clinker temperature varies in the range of certain values to be set according to the coal type.
• thermocouple that either moves or stops the grate according to the lower and upper limits for clinker temperature set according to the coal type from the panel of the automation system. In this manner, regardless of the capacity of operation at the system, the combustion losses arising from removal of glowing unburned coals together with the clinker to the clinker tray and excessive cooling of the clinker and clinker formation at the last steps of the combustion chamber are minimized.
• the combustion bed thickness adjustment system with three options set forth below is present at the top section of the inception part of the solid fuel combustion chamber (1 9) of the novel boiler of the invention which enable adjustment of the thickness of the combustion bed over the grates according to the grain size of the coal to be burned; comprising of, depending on the boiler capacity and operating conditions, air-cooled combustion bed adjusting tube (93) of different diameter ratings, which is detachable from outside as illustrated in the domestic type small- or medium capacity double wall boiler in Figure I, where secondary air and combustible gasses pass from the top section, surrounded by refractor sheath (91 ) resistant to high temperatures with cooling air blowing fan (92) on one side; or water-cooled combustion bed adjusting tube (94) as illustrated in the central heating and industrial type medium- and large capacity double wall boiler in Figure 2; or water-cooled bladed-tube special designed combustion bed adjusting plate (95) as illustrated in the central heating and industrial type large capacity water tube boiler in Figure 3; which is also detachable from outside and able to perform rotational movement and again fitted
• the refractor sheath on the combustion bed adjusting tube or plate not only has positive impact on the coal distillation but also improves the strength of the pipe or plate by protecting the same from high temperature due to radiation.
• the blowing fan connected to one side of the air-cooled combustion bed adjusting tube ensures cooling with forced circulation while it is further possible to ensure a natural air circulation within low capacity boilers by closing, in half, the ends in reverse direction.
• natural circulation of the heated water is ensured as being connected to the double wall or water tube lateral walls of the combustion chamber from outside via one inlet and outlet flange.
• the bed height of the coal flowing onto the grates can be adjusted by using small or large diameter pipe depending on the grain size of the coal to be used. It is further possible to detach and attach the bladed special designed combustion bed adjusting plate comprising of two or three tubules and sheet plate from outside and adjustment of the height of the combustion bed is enabled through rotational motion. In this manner, when burning small grained coals (for instance coal with 0.5/10 grain size), the resistance of the combustion bed to the primary air entering from below the grates is reduced by means of lower combustion bed thickness, thus high efficiency combustion of the coals with very small grains is ensured by supplying air-fuel mixture up to the upper layers of the combustion bed.
• small grained coals for instance coal with 0.5/10 grain size
• the movement rate and movement duration of the mobile grates in reciprocating motion according to the coal type and grain size used in the grate system below the combustion chamber can be set from the automation panel and can be adjusted by means of the grate reducer with inverter controlled by the thermocouple measuring clinker temperature, which enables burning of all coal types from coals with high clinker rate and low calorific value to coals with low clinker rate and high calorific value in an efficient manner.
• the aspiration fan with inverter and the forced blowing fan set within the frame of the programs selected at the automation panel according to the pressure or temperature level desired at the enterprise supplies the combustion air required in line with the grate motion set according to the coal type and grain size of the coal.
• the revolution of the aspiration fan, and accordingly of the forced blowing fan, and the grate motion rate reduces gradually depending on the program at the automation panel, thus automatically reducing the firing capacity.
• the pressure or temperature is down to a certain level, the flow rate of the stack aspiration fan and the forced blowing fan increases automatically; then the grate motion rate increases in line with the increasing flow rate, thus increasing the firing capacity. In this manner, it is ensured that the system operates under full automation according to the program at the PLC controlled automation panel in the pressure or temperature range desired at the enterprise.
• the firing capacity is set through setting the grate motion rate and durations and main air intake valve stages only by means of grate motion reducer from the automation panel according to the desired temperature or pressure level, thus operation in the desired temperature or pressure range is ensured.
• Undergrate ash discharge duct (96) submerged into clinker pool is located at the outlet of the undergrate ash removal spiral conveyor (32); clinker discharge duct (97) submerged into ash-clinker pool is located at the outlet of the clinker removal spiral conveyor (33); and the volatile ash discharge duct (98) submerged into clinker pool is located at the outlet of the volatile ash removal spiral conveyor (34).
• There is float (99) supplementing water to the clinker pool which is activated as the water level falls is located on the clinker pool (35) to which ash, clinker and volatile ashes are discharged, thus preventing drop of water level in the pool.
• Wet clinker discharge spiral (36) discharges the wet ash and clinker from the clinker pool to the waste clinker silo (1 00).
• Wet clinker discharge spiral (36) discharges the wet ash and clinker from the clinker pool to the waste clinker silo (1 00).
• the ashtray hatch (101 ) and clinker tray hatch (1 02) with access to the ashtray and clinker tray within the steel construction boiler frame (27), to which the main frame of the boiler of the patent with double wall or water tube design is installed in a sliding manner, are available and such hatches are used in cases that require intervention due to maintenance and repair at medium and large capacity boilers.
• ashtray hatch and clinker tray hatch are used for removal of the ash and clinker manually.
• the novel boiler of the patent is fitted with fully automated dry desulphurization system with two fully automated options adjustable according to the sulfur content in the coal depending on the boiler capacity and the coal type used in the enterprise, the first of which is used to feed the coal main silo (1 1 ), and the second is used to feed the lime feed silo (1 5) located at top section of the coal pre-heating chamber (1 6), as illustrated in Figure 1 , 2 and 3. It is possible to use the desulphurization system with these two options together, but only one of these options might also be used depending on the boiler capacity and the grain size and sulfur content of the coal used at the enterprise.
• Performing lime feed from two optional points enabled improvement of the efficiency of the desulfurization process especially at coals with very high sulfur content by ensuring a good contact of the powdered lime with the coal prior to the combustion and with the coal and gasses during preheating with an aim to minimize the sulfur dioxide emission.
• the boilers with coal grain size suitable for feeding with spiral conveyor include lime feed spiral (14) that feeds suitable amount of lime automatically from the lime main silo (1 03) to the coal main silo (1 1 ) and it is ensured that the powdered lime fed in quantities adequate for the sulfur content of the coal is well-mixed with the coal during conveyance with the coal feed spiral (1 3).
• the dry desulphurization system of the second option comprises the lime feed spiral (14), lime feed silo (1 5), special lime feed valve (1 04) that adjusts flow of the powdered lime in the lime feed silo at a flow rate suitable to the sulfur content of the coal, actuator (1 05) activating/deactivating lime feed valve, vibrator (106) enabling lime flow by vibrating the lime feed valve, and lime flow duct (1 07) that enable powdered lime to flow down in a regular manner, and the lime feed spiral (14) activates and deactivates automatically and feeds the silo as the lime level in the silo drops in line with the coal feed with the powdered lime received from the main silo as being controlled by the level sensor (1 08) on the lime feed silo (15) and from PLC controlled automation panel (1 ).
• the special lime feed valve (104) adjusting the lime flow rate according to the sulfur content of the coal can be adjusted automatically with an actuator (105) controlled from the panel of the PLC controlled automation system, and it is further possible to adjust the valve manually according to the coal type used whenever necessary or by disabling the automation system.
• the dry desulphurization system adjusted according to the sulfur content of the coal is activated and deactivated automatically in line with the automatically fed coal quantity and the grate motion and enables chemical reaction of the powdered lime, which is fed to either coal main silo or lime feed silo prior to combustion, with the sulfur dioxide, a combustion product, and transforms sulfur dioxide into calcium sulfate.
• the novel boiler also minimizes the sulfur dioxide emission arising from coals with high sulfur content by virtue of this fully automated dry desulphurization system in addition to the smoke and carbon monoxide emissions through fully automated smokeless combustion.
• the novel smokeless boiler of the patent incorporates two ignition hatches (1 09) with observation window that access into the combustion chamber from both sides and used for initial ignition and fitted with observation window resistant to high temperature.
• two clinker tray hatches (1 1 0) with observation window are present at the top side of the clinker tray section which are used for observing the clinkers at the last step of the grates and the clinker spiral; which enable maintenance and repair activities within the boiler when necessary, again fitted with observation window resistant to high temperature.
• the front lower part of the boiler is equipped with the camshaft moving the grates and the camshaft housing panel (1 1 1 ) which houses the bearings of the camshaft, and which is detachable to the boiler from front side; and the panel is fitted with lubrication hatches (1 12) that enable lubrication of the bearings camshaft and connecting rod arms.
• Volatile ash collector hatches (1 14) with observation windows that open to the section where the hot gasses shift course are present at the top side of the volatile ash collector. Such hatches can also be used in cases that necessitate maintenance and repair of the water tube vertical passage ducts of the boiler.
• the automatic coal feed using spiral and clinker removal system might not be economical in domestic type natural stack draught boilers with very low capacity and manual processes for filling the coal feed silo and clinker removal might be preferable.
• type of low capacity boilers are designed on the basis of filling the coal feed silo either twice per day, in the morning and in the evening, or once in 24 hours under normal operating conditions, automation of only the grate motion system and the main air valve will be sufficient.
• main air valve can be adjusted to the desired temperature either manually or with mechanical thermostat.
• the coal feed silo whose level is dropped, is replenished with new coal and the ash in the ashtray is removed manually by opening the ashtray hatch while the clinkers falling into the clinker tray are also removed manually by opening the clinker tray hatch.
• fresh coal is automatically fed to the double wall coal feed silo by means of the coal feed spiral controlled from the panel of the PLC controlled automation and safety system. Going into the pre-heating chamber from the coal feed silo, the coal is first subjected to a certain preheating and then advances to the combustion chamber over the grates from the coal distillation chamber in a fully automated manner due to its self-weight and again with the motion that the grate motion reducer with inverter automatically drives the mobile grates of the grate system at a speed suitable for the coal type.
• the coal can be burned as smokeless under complete combustion conditions in the combustion chamber together with the combustible gasses released in a controlled manner and with the coked fixed carbon part.
• the combustion waste ashes fall into the ashtray under the grates while the clinkers that remain over the grate fall into the clinker tray by sliding from the fixed clinker cooling grates after the last step of the fixed grate by virtue of the motion of the cascade mobile grate that perform reciprocating motion automatically.
• Fine ashes accumulated in the ashtray are automatically discharged into the clinker pool by means of the ash removal spiral conveyor controlled from the automation panel, while the ash and clinker in the clinker tray are automatically discharged into the clinker pool by means of the clinker removal spiral conveyor again controlled from the automation panel.
• Fully automated dry desulphurization system minimizes the sulfur dioxide emission through desulphurization of the sulfur content of the coal by virtue of the powdered lime flow rate adjustable depending on the amount of sulfur content of the coal depending on the coal type in line with this automatic and uninterrupted combustion process.
• the fresh coal fed to the coal feed silo by means of the coal feed spiral controlled from the panel of the PLC controlled automation system first becomes subject to a certain preheating process at the coal pre-heating chamber of the boiler and then gets in contact with hot coal at the entrance of the distillation chamber and gradually starts to heat.
• the coal in the distillation chamber is heated by receiving a certain amount of heat released in the combustion chamber through radiation and conduction.
• the coal in the combustion chamber is burned, the coal in the distillation duct moves towards the combustion chamber while the coal in the pre-heating chamber concurrently starts to slide downwards due to grate motion and it's self-weight and enters into the distillation chamber.
• powdered lime is automatically fed into the lime feed silo by means of lime feed spiral of the special desulfurization system.
• the powdered lime also flows downwards towards the entrance section of the combustion chamber after being adjusted according to the sulfur content of the coal.
• the coal in the distillation chamber becomes subject to gradual distillation as it approaches downwards to the combustion chamber and the volatile substances within the coal is distinctly released as combustible gas.
• the combustible gasses that are released in a controlled manner and that have an ignition temperature (700 -750 higher than the normal ignition temperature of the coal are diverted through forced draught provided by means of the forced aspiration fan with inverter and the forced blowing fan and enter into the hottest zone (around 850-900 ⁇ ) of the system over the combustion bed in the combustion chamber and mix with adequate amount of well- heated secondary air coming from the secondary air ducts in a turbulent manner due to high temperature, and burned.
• the fixed carbon part of the coal, which is in solid form, that enter into the combustion chamber of the fully automated boiler as majority or all of the combustible gasses content released is burned with the primary air entering between the special designed mobile- fixed grates.
• the carbon monoxide generated due to poor combustion at the upper layers of the combustion bed where air cannot fully penetrate is also ignited at high temperature together with the released combustible gasses of the coal within the distillation chamber with the aid of the well-heated secondary air supplied from top section of the boiler and incinerates under complete combustion conditions.
• the coke part of the coal within the combustion chamber comprising of fixed carbon and the gas part of the coal which is still in the distillation chamber are incinerated simultaneously under complete combustion conditions created in the combustion chamber above the grates, and as complete combustion of the coal together with solid and gas parts is achieved, smoke generation and carbon monoxide generation is prevented in the combustion chamber, thus smokeless combustion process is achieved.
• the pollutant sulfur dioxide emission generated due to combustion of the sulfur within the coal is converted into calcium sulfate (plaster) with the fully automated, special dry desulphurization system adjustable according to the sulfur content of the coal by reacting with the powdered lime (calcium hydroxide) conveyed to the combustion chamber, thus sulfur dioxide generation is also prevented in combustion chamber.
• powdered lime calcium hydroxide
• the clinkers slide with the motion of the grate controlled from the thermocouple and fall into the clinker removal spiral conveyor in the clinker tray.
• the coked coal in the form of embers advance towards the end of the combustion chamber.
• the double wall coal feed silo the coal level of which drops at the end of this process, is automatically fed with fresh coal through coal feed spiral controlled from the PLC controlled automation panel, and newly fed coal is also subjected to the same process. In this manner, complete and smokeless combustion process is repeated uninterruptedly in a periodical manner without any interruption both when the coal is fed and when the ash and clinker drops down or removed.
• the coal automatically fed by means of the coal feed spiral is subjected to the gradual and controlled distillation through preheating and incinerated in the combustion chamber with its solid and gas portions under complete combustion conditions with high efficiency, thus preventing smoke generation and carbon monoxide emission ; moreover, the sulfur dioxide emission is also prevented with the fully automated special dry desulphurization system adjustable according to the sulfur content of the coal in line with flow of coal to the combustion chamber.
• the boiler operates with liquid fuel; if natural gas burner and installation is connected to the boiler, then the boiler operates with natural gas. In case dual fueled burner and installation capable of burning both liquid fuel and gas fuel is employed, then it is possible to operate the boiler with liquid fuel or gas fuel any time so desired.
• the air-fuel mixture and the flame supplied by the liquid fuel or natural gas burner from refractor or double wall liquid/gas fuel flame inlet enters into the liquid/gas fuel combustion chamber designed in compliance with the spray angle and capacity of the burner.
• the air-fuel mixture that starts to burn hits the rear wall of the cylindrical special combustion chamber and returns with a circular reverse flow and can not only find adequate time for complete combustion but also complete combustion of the fuel can be achieved by virtue of the turbulence generated with collision of two flows in reverse directions.
• the flame and hot gasses, which return with reverse flow by grazing the peripheral surfaces of the cylindrical special combustion chamber with water jacket, heads upwards from the fire box, which is common with the solid fuel firing unit.
• the combustion product hot gasses headed upwards from the fire box passes through the secondary passage and then the third passage pipes and leave the boiler again via boiler stack.
• the flame ignited with air/fuel mixture that the burner provides from the liquid/gas fuel flame inlet with refractor to the special designed combustion chamber with a suitable downward inclined angle first heads towards the bottom section of the combustion chamber, then grazes the pipes of the steam superheater and advances upwards to the first vertical passage duct. After changing direction at the top side of the first vertical passage duct and head downwards from the secondary vertical passage duct, it then heads upwards again towards third passage duct after the turn at the bottom side and then passes through the fourth and fifth vertical passage ducts, respectively and leaves the boiler from stack gas outlet duct.
• the combustion gasses that complete six passages together with the horizontal passage in the combustion chamber leaves the boiler with a higher heat transfer efficiency especially without any contamination and clogging such as the flame smoke pipes and passes to the economizer.
• the stack gasses enable further heating of the boiler feed water in the economizer, thus further improving the overall heat transfer efficiency.
• Solid and Liquid/Gas Fueled, Fully Automated Smokeless Combustion Hot water/steam boiler adjustable according to the coal type presents the flexibility of firing different fuels with both special designed combustion chamber that burns liquid/gas fuels with high efficiency, and fully automated smokeless combustion solid fuel firing section adjustable according to the coal type without requiring any modification for conversion from solid fueled to liquid/gas fueled or from liquid/natural gas fueled to solid fuel, and prevents carbon monoxide emission with complete combustion when burning the coal in its combustion chamber with efficiency and with no smoke generation with its fully automated coal feed, fully automated combustion air hardware and special grate system as being adjusted to the grain size of the coal, and volatile substance, clinker and sulfur content within the coal, and further prevents sulfur dioxide emission with its fully automated special dry desulphurization system.
• Fully automated smokeless combustion boiler provides a remedy for air pollution by preventing grey smoke, particle and carbon monoxide generation at its source due to its high combustion efficiency and ensures significant ease of operation and comfort in line with fuel conservation due to high

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=54337332

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (9)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2015
  • 2015-08-24 CN CN201580058124.8A patent/CN107208887A/zh active Pending
  • 2015-08-24 WO PCT/TR2015/050077 patent/WO2016032414A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2015-08-24 EA EA201790480A patent/EA201790480A1/ru unknown
  • 2015-08-24 AU AU2015307274A patent/AU2015307274A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2015-08-24 EP EP15782096.0A patent/EP3186557A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events