EP3179551A1 - Kompakteinheit zur doppelpolarisierten ansteuerung für ein strahlungselement einer antenne, und kompaktes netz, das mindestens vier kompakte ansteuerungseinheiten umfasst - Google Patents

Kompakteinheit zur doppelpolarisierten ansteuerung für ein strahlungselement einer antenne, und kompaktes netz, das mindestens vier kompakte ansteuerungseinheiten umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3179551A1
EP3179551A1 EP16202268.5A EP16202268A EP3179551A1 EP 3179551 A1 EP3179551 A1 EP 3179551A1 EP 16202268 A EP16202268 A EP 16202268A EP 3179551 A1 EP3179551 A1 EP 3179551A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
omt
compact
connection
waveguides
waveguide
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Granted
Application number
EP16202268.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3179551B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Philippe Fraysse
Ségolène TUBAU
François DOUCET
Hervé Legay
Renaud Chiniard
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Thales SA
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Thales SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
    • H01P1/161—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/165—Auxiliary devices for rotating the plane of polarisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
    • H01P1/182—Waveguide phase-shifters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/213—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies
    • H01P1/2131—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies with combining or separating polarisations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P3/12—Hollow waveguides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/0208—Corrugated horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/245—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction provided with means for varying the polarisation 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bipolarization compact excitation assembly for an antenna radiating element and a compact array having at least four compact excitation assemblies. It applies to any multibeam antenna comprising a focal network operating in low frequency bands and more particularly in the field of space applications such as C-band, L-band or S-band satellite telecommunications, as well as to space antennas with a single-beam overall coverage in C-band, L-band or S-band. It also applies to radiating elements for network antennas, particularly X-band or Ka-band antennas.
  • Radiant sources operating in low frequency bands generally comprise very large metal cones and having a large mass.
  • To reduce the size of the radiating source it is known from the document FR2959611 , replace the metal horn with stacked Fabry-Perot cavities. This solution makes it possible to reduce the size of the sources and presents radio-frequency performances equivalent to those of a metal horn.
  • this solution is limited to an opening diameter of less than 2.5 ⁇ , where ⁇ represents the central wavelength, in a vacuum, of the frequency band of use.
  • the document FR 3012917 proposes a solution comprising a compact bipolarization power distributor comprising four asymmetrical orthomode OMT transducers coupled in phase with an orthogonal double polarization power source. These four OMTs are networked via two dedicated power distributors for each polarization. This power distributor has a very thin thickness when the OMTs and the two power distributors are located in the same plane.
  • this solution has the disadvantage of a poor insulation, of the order of 15 dB, between the two orthogonal modes of each OMT, which results in insufficient performance for the power splitter.
  • This lack of isolation between the two orthogonal modes of each OMT is essentially due to the asymmetry of each OMT which has only two lateral access ports angularly spaced 90 ° around a main waveguide.
  • the object of the invention is to solve the problems of the existing solutions and to propose an alternative solution to the existing radiating elements, having a radiating aperture diameter of average size between 2.5 ⁇ and 5 ⁇ , including good isolation between the modes. orthogonal, low losses and being compatible with high power applications.
  • the invention relates to a bipolarisation compact excitation assembly consisting of an OMT orthomode transducer comprising two transmission channels respectively dedicated to two orthogonal polarizations, a first and a second power splitter respectively connected to the two paths. of the OMT, and a first and a second connection waveguide, the OMT consisting of a cross junction having a central waveguide parallel to a Z axis and four lateral ports respectively coupled to the central waveguide and oriented in two X and Y directions orthogonal to each other and to the Z axis, the first power splitter consisting of an input waveguide adapted to be connected to a first source power supply unit operating in a first polarization P1 and two output ports respectively coupled to a first and second lateral ports of the OMT, oriented in the direction X, through area of the first and second respective connection waveguides.
  • the OMT orthomode transducer comprising two transmission channels respectively dedicated to two orthogonal polarizations, a first and a second power splitter respectively connected to the
  • the first power splitter is located on a first lateral side of the OMT, the input waveguide having a sidewall orthogonal to the X direction and extending in height parallel to the Z axis.
  • the two ports upper and lower output of the first power distributor are arranged one above the other in the height of said side wall of the input waveguide, the port of upper outlet being placed in front of the first lateral port of the OMT to which it is connected by the first connection waveguide, and the first and second connection waveguides have different electrical lengths, the difference in electrical length between the first and second connection waveguides being equal to half a wavelength ⁇ / 2, where ⁇ is the central operating wavelength.
  • the excitation assembly may comprise several levels stacked parallel to the XY plane, the OMT and the first connection waveguide being located in a first level, the second connection waveguide being constituted by a a linear section located in a second level, under the orthomode transducer, and a 180 ° angled section connected to the second lateral port of the OMT.
  • the second power distributor may be identical to the first power distributor and located on a second lateral side of the OMT, orthogonal to the Y direction.
  • the second power distributor may consist of an input waveguide adapted to be connected to a second power source operating in a second polarization P2 and two output ports arranged one above on the other in a side wall of the input waveguide and respectively coupled to third and fourth lateral ports of the OMT, oriented in the Y direction, via a third and a fourth respective connection waveguides, and the third and fourth connection waveguides have different electrical lengths, the electric length difference between the third and fourth connection waveguides being equal to half a length of wave ⁇ / 2.
  • the fourth connection waveguide may consist of a linear section located in a third level, under the orthomode transducer, and of a 180 ° angled section connected to the fourth lateral port of the OMT.
  • the OMT may comprise a symmetrical pyramid located at the center of the cross junction.
  • the second power splitter may be a septum splitter consisting of an input waveguide provided with an inner wall, called a septum, defining two output waveguides parallel to the input waveguide and stacked in a fourth level beneath the OMT, parallel to the XY plane, the two output waveguides of the septum power splitter being respectively connected to the first and second side ports of the OMT by fifth and sixth waveguides. respective connection waves located in a third level, under the OMT, the electrical lengths of the fifth and sixth connection waveguides being equal.
  • the OMT may include an asymmetrical pyramid located in the center of the cross-connection.
  • the invention also relates to a compact network comprising at least four compact excitation assemblies coupled together by two common power distributors, which are independent of one another, orthogonal to each other, and respectively dedicated to the two orthogonal polarizations.
  • the figure 1 represents a first example of compact bipolarization excitation assembly, according to the invention.
  • the excitation assembly made in waveguide technology, comprises several levels stacked one above the other, parallel to an XY plane.
  • the excitation assembly comprises an orthomode transducer OMT 10 and two power distributors 20, 30 respectively connected to the orthomode transducer, by dedicated connection waveguides.
  • the OMT orthomode transducer 10 located in a first level, consists of a cross junction, known as a "turnstile" junction, comprising a central waveguide 11, for example with a cylindrical geometry, having an axis of revolution.
  • the central waveguide 11 is provided with an axial access port 13 and the four lateral waveguides are respectively provided with four lateral ports oriented along the X or Y directions.
  • the four lateral ports are input ports and the axial port is an output port. In reception, the input and output ports are inverted and the operation of the OMT is reversed.
  • the two lateral waveguides oriented in the X direction and the two lateral waveguides oriented in the Y direction constitute two OMT channels respectively dedicated to two orthogonal polarizations P1, P2.
  • the two paths generate two different propagation modes in the central waveguide 11 of the OMT.
  • the OMT may further comprise an adaptation element, for example cone-shaped or pyramid-shaped 14, placed in the center of the cross-junction and having a vertex penetrating into the central waveguide 11, so as to to improve the junction adaptation over a predetermined operating frequency band and to improve the isolation between the two polarizations.
  • the pyramid 14, or the cone makes it possible to accompany the electric field E transmitted by each lateral waveguide of the OMT towards the central waveguide 11 and constitutes an obstacle to the passage of the electric field E towards the waveguides. perpendicular side waves.
  • the two lateral waveguides of each OMT channel must be powered by electric fields E of the same amplitude but in phase opposition, as shown by the Figures 2a, 2b , 3a, 3b .
  • the power splitters operate as a divisor on transmission and conversely as a combiner on reception.
  • the operation of each power splitter at the receiving end being reversed with respect to the transmission, the remainder of the description is limited to operation on transmission.
  • the first power splitter 20 comprises, on transmission, an input waveguide, of rectangular section, comprising an input port 21 adapted to be connected to a power source operating in a first polarization P1 and two output ports 22, 23, respectively upper and lower, arranged in a side wall of the input waveguide.
  • Said side wall is orthogonal to the input port 21 and extends in height parallel to the Z axis, the two output ports being respectively connected to a first and a second lateral ports 15, 16, diametrically opposite, of the transducer orthomode as shown in the figure 2a .
  • the two output ports of the first power splitter 20 are arranged one below the other, in the height of the side wall of the input waveguide which constitutes a first output plane parallel to the Z-axis and orthogonal to the X direction.
  • the electric fields E on the two output ports 22, 23 of the first power distributor 20 are in phase opposition.
  • the first power distributor 20 is located on a lateral side of the orthomode transducer 10, so that the upper output port 22 is placed in the XY plane, in front of a first lateral port 15 of the orthomode transducer to which it is connected by a first connection waveguide 25.
  • the lower output port 23 of the first power divider 20 is connected to a second lateral port 16 of the orthomode transducer, diametrically opposed to the first lateral port, by a second guide Connection wave 26.
  • the second connection waveguide 26 consists of a linear section located in a second level, under the orthomode transducer, in a plane parallel to the XY plane, and of a bent section, forming a turn 180 °, connected to the second side port 16 of the OMT.
  • the second connection waveguide 26 has a total electrical length greater than the electrical length of the first waveguide.
  • the difference in electrical length between the first and the second connection waveguide being equal to half a wavelength ⁇ / 2, where ⁇ is the central wavelength of the operating frequency band of the excitation set.
  • ⁇ is the central wavelength of the operating frequency band of the excitation set.
  • the structure of the second power splitter 30 is chosen according to the desired application. Either the two channels of the OMT operate in the same frequency band, for example transmission Tx, or they operate in two different frequency bands, for example transmission Tx and reception Rx.
  • the second power distributor 30 may be identical to the first power distributor 20, the two power distributors extending in height parallel to the Z axis and being respectively arranged perpendicularly to the two directions X and Y.
  • the second power distributor 30 then comprises an input waveguide and two output ports arranged one above the other in a sidewall of said input waveguide.
  • the two output ports 32, 33, upper and lower, are respectively connected to a third and fourth lateral ports 17, 18 of the OMT, dedicated to the second polarization P2, via a third and a second fourth waveguide connection.
  • the two output ports 32, 33 of the second power splitter 30 are arranged one below the other in the direction of the height of the second power splitter, in a second parallel output plane. Z-axis and orthogonal to the Y direction.
  • the upper output port 32 of the second power distributor is placed in the XY plane, opposite a third lateral port 17 of the orthomode transducer to which it is connected by a third guide of connection 27.
  • the lower output port 33 of the second power distributor is connected to a fourth lateral port 18 of the orthomode transducer, diametrically opposed to the third lateral port, by a fourth connection waveguide 28.
  • the fourth waveguide connection 28 is located in a third level located under the second connection waveguide 26, in a plane parallel to the XY plane, and comprises a first linear section and a second third section. 180 ° angle connected to the fourth lateral port 18 of the OMT.
  • the fourth connection waveguide 28 has a total electrical length greater than the electrical length of the third waveguide. connection wave 27, the difference in electrical length between the third and the fourth connection waveguide being equal to half a wavelength ⁇ / 2.
  • the two paths of the OMT operate in orthogonal polarizations P1, P2 and in the same frequency band.
  • the geometry of the pyramid 14 of the OMT is symmetrical, its four faces being identical and having dimensions optimized according to the desired operating frequency.
  • the waveguides, lateral and connection, with rectangular section have identical widths.
  • This very compact excitation assembly realized in the technology of rectangular or cylindrical metallic waveguides, makes it possible, in a small space, to excite, in double polarization, a radiating element coupled to the axial access port 13 of the OMT and presents the advantages of operate at high radiofrequency RF power and have a compatible bandwidth of the transmitting frequency band between 3.7 GHz and 4.2 GHz and corresponding to the C-band.
  • the compact excitation unit according to this first embodiment can operate only in frequency bands close to each other for the two channels, or in a single frequency band common to both channels of UNWTO.
  • the second power splitter 30 may have a different structure from the first power splitter 20.
  • the two frequency bands may correspond to a transmission band Tx and respectively to a reception band Rx.
  • the second power splitter is a septum splitter 40 mounted in a fourth level, under the OMT.
  • the septal distributor 40 comprises an input waveguide provided with an inner wall 41, called a septum, delimiting two output waveguides 42, 43.
  • the septum 41 can be resistive to improve the insulation between the two output waveguides.
  • the two output waveguides 42, 43 are parallel to the input waveguide and stacked parallel to the XY plane.
  • the two output waveguides of the septum power splitter are respectively connected to the third and fourth lateral ports 17, 18 of the OMT by respective fifth and sixth connection waveguides 47, 48 located in a third level, under the OMT, the electrical lengths of the fifth and sixth connecting waveguides being equal.
  • the transmission frequency band being different from the reception frequency band
  • the widths of the waveguides, lateral and connection, dedicated to the broadcast are different from the widths of the guides dedicated to the reception.
  • the reception operating wavelength is less than transmission wavelength and the widths of the waveguides dedicated to the transmission path are therefore greater than the widths of the waveguides dedicated to the reception path.
  • the geometry of the OMT pyramid 14 is asymmetrical, as shown by the Figures 3a and 3b , two of its four faces having smaller dimensions, optimized for operation in the receiving frequency band and the other two faces having larger dimensions, optimized for operation in the transmit frequency band.
  • the pyramid is wider in emission than in reception.
  • Each compact excitation unit can be used alone to power an individual radiating element coupled at the output of the axial waveguide of the OMT.
  • several compact excitation units can be coupled together in a network, for example by four or sixteen, using two orthogonal power distributors, independent of each other, and nested one above the other, both power distributors being respectively dedicated to the two orthogonal polarizations P1 and P2 and common to all the OMTs of the network.
  • FIG 5 is illustrated a first example of assembly of two orthogonal power splitters in which the two power splitters 51, 52 are not identical because they are dedicated to two different frequency bands, for example Rx and Tx.
  • the figure 6 illustrates a second example of an assembly of two orthogonal power splitters in which the two power splitters 51, 55 are identical because they are dedicated to two identical frequency bands, for example Tx.
  • the two different power splitters 51, 52, or identical 51, 55 are respectively connected to the four OMTs of the network via the connection waveguides and ensure the distribution and division, or combination, of the power. between the different OMTs of the compact network thus formed.
  • the compact network comprises four distinct OMTs coupled together by two Orthogonal power splitters, common to all OMTs, including eight power splitters / combiners.
  • the different individual power distributors corresponding to the same polarization and dedicated to each OMT of the network are thus grouped together and integrated into the common power distributor corresponding to said polarization.
  • Each power splitter is respectively connected to all the OMTs of the network by the respective connection waveguides dedicated to each of the corresponding compact excitation assemblies.
  • the compact network may be for supplying a four-port radiating source 50 having an opening four times larger than an individual radiating element and operating in a C-band or, alternatively, feeding four individual radiating sources.
  • Each power distributor 51, 52, 55 has a respective input port 53, 54, 56 capable of being connected to a respective power source.
  • the radiating source 50 coupled on the output ports of the central waveguides 11 of the OMTs of the different excitation sets of the network, may for example be a Fabry-Perot cavity as on the figure 4 in the case of a network of four compact excitation sets.
  • an even larger aperture excitation arrays can be achieved by connecting sixteen array arrays by two orthogonal power splitters including thirty-two power splitters.

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EP16202268.5A 2015-12-11 2016-12-05 Kompakteinheit zur doppelpolarisierten ansteuerung für ein strahlungselement einer antenne, und kompaktes netz, das mindestens vier kompakte ansteuerungseinheiten umfasst Active EP3179551B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1502571A FR3045220B1 (fr) 2015-12-11 2015-12-11 Ensemble d'excitation compact bipolarisation pour un element rayonnant d'antenne et reseau compact comportant au moins quatre ensembles d'excitation compacts

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP3179551A1 true EP3179551A1 (de) 2017-06-14
EP3179551B1 EP3179551B1 (de) 2021-02-24

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US (1) US10381699B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3179551B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2950993A1 (de)
FR (1) FR3045220B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3071672A1 (fr) * 2017-09-28 2019-03-29 Thales Repartiteur de puissance pour antenne comportant quatre transducteurs orthomodes identiques
US20210249748A1 (en) * 2020-02-12 2021-08-12 European Space Agency Waveguide power divider

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ES2909240T3 (es) * 2017-11-06 2022-05-05 Swissto12 Sa Transductor ortomodo
CN108123202A (zh) * 2017-12-18 2018-06-05 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 一种宽带等相位输出正交模耦合器
CN110380161A (zh) * 2019-07-23 2019-10-25 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 一种同轴波导结构的微波频段的omt
US11081766B1 (en) * 2019-09-26 2021-08-03 Lockheed Martin Corporation Mode-whisperer linear waveguide OMT
CN111293424B (zh) * 2020-02-25 2022-05-13 深圳大学 一种高隔离度的双极化腔体辐射单元
CN111799572B (zh) * 2020-09-08 2020-12-18 星展测控科技股份有限公司 双极化开口波导阵列天线及通信装置
CN112290213B (zh) * 2020-09-10 2024-04-30 星展测控科技股份有限公司 双极化开口波导阵列天线及通信装置

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US6087908A (en) * 1998-09-11 2000-07-11 Channel Master Llc Planar ortho-mode transducer
US20050040914A1 (en) * 2001-11-07 2005-02-24 Philippe Chambelin Frequency-separator waveguide module with double circular polarization
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3071672A1 (fr) * 2017-09-28 2019-03-29 Thales Repartiteur de puissance pour antenne comportant quatre transducteurs orthomodes identiques
EP3462532A1 (de) * 2017-09-28 2019-04-03 Thales Leistungsverteiler für antenne, der vier identische orthomode transducer umfasst
CN109616729A (zh) * 2017-09-28 2019-04-12 泰勒斯公司 包括四个相同的正交模转换器的用于天线的功率分配器
US10673118B2 (en) 2017-09-28 2020-06-02 Thales Power divider for an antenna comprising four identical orthomode transducers
US20210249748A1 (en) * 2020-02-12 2021-08-12 European Space Agency Waveguide power divider
US11791530B2 (en) * 2020-02-12 2023-10-17 European Space Agency Waveguide power divider

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CA2950993A1 (en) 2017-06-11
US20170170570A1 (en) 2017-06-15
EP3179551B1 (de) 2021-02-24
FR3045220B1 (fr) 2018-09-07
FR3045220A1 (fr) 2017-06-16
US10381699B2 (en) 2019-08-13

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