EP3178990B1 - Track section and method for connecting of track components - Google Patents
Track section and method for connecting of track components Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3178990B1 EP3178990B1 EP16202155.4A EP16202155A EP3178990B1 EP 3178990 B1 EP3178990 B1 EP 3178990B1 EP 16202155 A EP16202155 A EP 16202155A EP 3178990 B1 EP3178990 B1 EP 3178990B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spacer
- track
- tubular element
- rail
- substance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
- E01B7/10—Frogs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
- E01B7/10—Frogs
- E01B7/12—Fixed frogs made of one part or composite
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
- Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Gleisabschnitt gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a track section according to the preamble of
Ferner nimmt die Erfindung Bezug auf ein Verfahren zum Verbinden einer Flügelschiene als erstes Gleisbauteil, mit einer Herzstückspitze oder mit einer in diese übergehende Anschlussschiene als zweites Gleisbauteil, mit einem zwischen diesen verlaufenden und diese zueinander beabstandenden Distanzstück , wie Futterstück, wobei das Distanzstück mit zumindest einem der einen Schienensteg aufweisenden Gleisbauteile in dessen Stegbereich stoffschlüssig verbunden wird.Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for connecting a wing rail as a first track component, with a frog point or with a connecting rail connecting them as a second track component, with a distance between them and this spaced spacer, such as lining piece, wherein the spacer with at least one the rail track having track components in the web area is materially connected.
Herzstücke ergeben sich bei Weichen oder Kreuzungen durch Überschneidungen von Schienensträngen, wobei im Herzstück die Fahrtkanten der sich kreuzenden Schienenstränge unterbrochen sind. Die sich von den Zungenschienen her fortsetzenden Schienenstränge werden im Herzstückbereich abgeknickt und als Flügelschienen bezeichnet.At the turnouts or intersections, intersections of rail tracks give rise to intersections, whereby the edges of the intersecting rail tracks are interrupted in the center. The rail strands continuing from the tongue rails are bent in the center piece area and called wing rails.
Der
Um mögliche Materialänderungen aufgrund des Schweißens zu vermeiden, wird das Herzstück, also nachdem die Flügelschiene über die Futterstücke mit dem Herzstückblock verschweißt worden ist, als Einheit vergütet.In order to avoid possible material changes due to welding, the core, ie after the wing rail has been welded to the core block via the lining pieces, is tempered as a unit.
Der
Bei einem Herzstück nach der
In der Praxis hat sich durchgesetzt, dass die Futterstücke mit der Herzstückspitze und den Flügelschienen hochfest verschraubt werden, da man davon ausgeht, dass eine diesbezügliche Konstruktion kostengünstig ist und zudem einen geringen Montageaufwand erfordert. Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, dass sich entsprechende Schraubverbindungen lösen können.In practice, it has been established that the lining pieces are bolted to the frog point and the wing rails with high strength, since it is assumed that a construction in this respect is inexpensive and also requires little installation effort. However, it has been shown that corresponding screw connections can be solved.
Ein gattungsgemäßer Gleisabschnitt ist der
Gegenstand der
Bei einer Weiche nach der
In der
Ein Herzstück klassischer Konstruktion ist aus der
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Gleisabschnitt sowie ein Verfahren zum Verbinden von Gleisbauteilen der eingangs genannten Art so weiterzubilden, dass bei einfacher Konstruktion eine auch hohen Belastungen standhaltende sichere Verbindung gegeben ist, durch die ein bleibender Abstand zwischen den Gleisbauteilen gewährleistet ist.The present invention has the object, a track section and a method for connecting track components of the type mentioned in such a way that with a simple design a high load-bearing secure connection is given by a permanent distance between the track components is guaranteed.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß im Wesentlichen durch einen Gleisabschnitt zuvor beschriebener Art dadurch gelöst, dass das rohrförmige Element mit dem Schienensteg durch Presspassung verbunden ist, und dass distanzstückseitige Stirnfläche des rohrförmigen Elements zur von der distanzstückseitig verlaufenden Schienenstegaußenfläche Innenfläche des Schienensteges aufgespannten Ebene zurückversetzt verläuft.The object is achieved according to the invention essentially by a track section of the type described above in that the tubular element is connected to the rail web by press-fitting, and that distanzstückseitige end face of the tubular member is set back to the plane extending from the distance piece side rail web outer surface inner surface of the rail web plane.
Erfindungsgemäß wird eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung genutzt, um das Distanzstück mit dem bzw. den Gleisbauteilen zu verbinden, wobei jedoch dem Grunde nach der Gefügezustand der Gleisbauteile unbeeinflusst bleibt, da die stoffschlüssige Verbindung ausschließlich zwischen dem rohrförrmigen Element und dem Distanzstück verlaufen sollte, das nach dem Stand der Technik auch geschweißt wird. Dabei kann bei einem Herzstück die Anzahl der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen der Anzahl üblicher Schraubverbindungen entsprechen.According to the invention a cohesive connection is used to connect the spacer with the track or the components, but the reason of the structural state of the track components remains unaffected, since the cohesive connection should extend exclusively between the tubular element and the spacer, according to the state The technology is also welded. In this case, the number of connections according to the invention can correspond to the number of conventional screw connections in the case of a centerpiece.
Durch das indirekte Schweißen, also das nicht direkte Schweißen zwischen Distanzstück und Schiene, können beliebige Schienengüten eingesetzt werden, ein besonderer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre.By indirect welding, so not direct welding between spacer and rail, any rail qualities can be used, a particular advantage of the teaching of the invention.
Es wird in Bezug auf die Schiene quasi ein indirektes Schweißen angewendet, da die Schiene nicht unmittelbar oder im Wesentlichen nicht unmittelbar geschweißt wird. Als Schweißverfahren kommen in Frage insbesondere Schutzgasschweißen, vorzugsweise Metall-Aktivgasschweißen, vorzugsweise MAG 135/136 nach DIN EN ISO 4063:2011-03, oder Lichtbogenschweißen, insbesondere Lichtbogenhandschweißen 111 nach DIN EN ISO 4063:2011-03.There is virtually indirect welding applied to the rail because the rail is not directly or substantially not directly welded. Suitable welding methods are in particular inert gas welding, preferably metal-active gas welding, preferably MAG 135/136 according to DIN EN ISO 4063: 2011-03, or arc welding, in particular manual metal arc welding 111 according to DIN EN ISO 4063: 2011-03.
Das rohrförmige Element, wie Buchse, durchsetzt die Durchgangsöffnung, wie Bohrung, in dem Schienensteg, so dass von der distanzstückabgewandten Seite des Stegs ausgehend die stoffschlüssige Verbindung, wie Schweißung, durchgeführt werden kann.The tubular element, such as bushing, passes through the passage opening, such as bore, in the rail web, so that from the distance piece facing away from the Stegs starting the cohesive connection, such as welding, can be performed.
Das rohrförmige Element - nachstehend auch als Buchse bezeichnet - weist auf seiner distanzstückabgewandten, also fernliegenden Seite einen quer zur Längsachse der Buchse verlaufenden Abschnitt wie Kragen, insbesondere umlaufenden Kragen, auf, der an der Außenseite des Stegs anliegt.The tubular element - hereinafter also referred to as a sleeve - has on its distance piece remote from, ie remote side extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the bushing portion such as collar, in particular circumferential collar, which bears against the outside of the web.
Die distanzstückseitig verlaufende Stirnfläche der Buchse verläuft zurückversetzt zur von der distanzstückseitig verlaufenden Steginnenfläche. Mit anderen Worten bildet sich ein Spalt zwischen der Buchse und dem Distanzstück, wenn dieses an dem Steg abgestützt ist bzw. gegen diesen sich drückt. Hierdurch können Eigenspannungen in der Verbindung, die durch das Einbringen der Schweißwärme entstehen, zu einer kraftschlüssigen Verbindung der Bauteile beitragen.The distance piece side extending end face of the bushing extends back to the distance piece side extending web inner surface. In other words, a gap forms between the bush and the spacer when it is supported on the web or presses against it. As a result, residual stresses in the connection, which arise through the introduction of the welding heat, contribute to a frictional connection of the components.
Ein Verfahren zum Verbinden einer Flügelschiene als erstes Gleisbauteil, mit einer Herzstückspitze oder einer in diese übergehende Anschweißschiene als zweites Gleisbauteil, mit einem zwischen diesen verlaufenden und diese zueinander beabstandenden Distanzstück, wie Futterstück, wobei das Distanzstück mit zumindest einem der einen Schienensteg aufweisenden Gleisbauteile in dessen Stegbereich stoffschlüssig verbunden wird, zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass in dem Schienensteg eine Durchgangsöffnung eingebracht wird, dass in die Durchgangsöffnung ein rohrförmiges Element eingesetzt wird, das eine distanzstückseitig verlaufende Stirnfläche aufweist, die zur von der distanzstückseitig verlaufenden Schienenstegaußenfläche aufgespannten Ebene zurückversetzt verläuft, und dass das rohrförmige Element in der Durchgangsöffnung durch Presspassung befestigt und stoffschlüssig mit dem Distanzstück verbunden wird.A method for connecting a wing rail as the first track component, with a frog point or a weld rail merging into this second track component, with a running between them and this spaced spacer, such as lining piece, wherein the spacer with at least one of a rail web track components in its Web portion is integrally connected, is characterized in that in the rail web, a through hole is inserted, that in the through hole, a tubular element is used, which has a distance piece side extending end face, which is set back to the spanned by the distance piece side rail web outer surface plane, and that the tubular element is fixed in the passage opening by press-fitting and connected in a material-locking manner with the spacer.
Des Weiteren sieht die Erfindung vor, dass der Steg und somit das Gleisbauteil zwischen dem Distanzstück und einem sich auf distanzstückabgewandter Seite des Stegs erstreckenden Abschnitt, wie Kragen, des rohrförmigen Elements gehalten wird.Furthermore, the invention provides that the web and thus the track component is held between the spacer and a distally facing away from the side of the web extending portion, such as collar, the tubular member.
Insbesondere zeichnet sich die Erfindung dadurch aus, dass von jedem der einen Steg aufweisenden Gleisbauteile ein rohrförmiges Element ausgeht und dass jedes rohrförmige Element mit einem die Gleisbauteile beabstandenden Distanzstück stoffschlüssig verbunden wird.In particular, the invention is characterized in that from each of the web components having a web emanates a tubular element and that each tubular element is connected in a material-locking manner with a spacer which separates the track components.
Als Materialien für die rohrförmigen Elemente bzw. Buchsen kommen vorzugsweise Stähle, insbesondere solche der Werkstoffgruppe 1.2 nach CEN ISO/TR 15608:2005, in Frage.As materials for the tubular elements or bushings are preferably steels, in particular those of material group 1.2 according to CEN ISO / TR 15608: 2005, in question.
Weitere Einzelheiten, Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines der Zeichnungen zu entnehmenden bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels.Further details, advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of one of the drawings to be taken preferred embodiment.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1:
- eine Draufsicht auf einen Herzstückbereich,
- Fig. 2:
- einen Schnitt entlang der Linien II-II in
Fig. 1 , - Fig. 3:
- einen Ausschnitt der
Fig. 2 und - Fig. 4:
- eine Schiene mit zugeordneter Kragenbuchse.
- Fig. 1:
- a plan view of a frog area,
- Fig. 2:
- a section along the lines II-II in
Fig. 1 . - 3:
- a section of the
Fig. 2 and - 4:
- a rail with associated collar bush.
In
Nach der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre werden die Flügelschienen 1, 11 mit der Herzstückblockspitze 9 sowie den Anschweißschienen 6, 12 sowie die Verbindung der Anschweißschienen 6, 12 untereinander verbunden.According to the teaching of the invention, the
Nach dem Stand der Technik werden entsprechende Befestigungen in starren Herzstücken durch Schraubverbindungen verwirklicht. Dabei wird zwischen den zu verbindenden Schienen bzw. Schiene und Blockspitze ein Distanzstück, ein Futterstück, positioniert. Durch Bohrungen in den zu verbindenden Bauteilen auf der Höhe des Schienenstegs wird eine Schraube eingebracht, mit der die Bauteile hochfest verspannt werden. Dabei zeigt sich jedoch der Nachteil, dass sich die Schraubverbindungen lösen können. Hier setzt die Erfindung ein. So wird erfindungsgemäß eine schraublose Verbindung vorgeschlagen, die schweißtechnisch durchgeführt wird, wobei die Schienen dem Grunde nach nicht geschweißt werden, so dass Gefügeänderungen in diesen vermieden bzw. weitgehend vermieden werden. Dies soll anhand der
So ist in der
Wie der
Zwischen den Schienen 1, 6 wird sodann ein Distanzstück bzw. Futterstück 4 positioniert, das aus einem blockartigen Basiskörper 38 mit Stirnflächen 40, 42 besteht, die an den Innenflächen 44, 46 der Stege 23, 28 anliegen und die Bohrungen 27, 34 verschließen. Ferner ragen radiale Abschnitte von dem Basiskörper 38 ab, um das Futterstück 4 an der Unterseite des Kopfes 21, 26 bzw. der Oberseite des Fußes 25, 30 abzustützen. Nach ordnungsgemäßer Positionierung des Futterstücks 4 zu den Schienen 1, 6 erfolgt eine Schweißverbindung 3 als stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen der jeweiligen Innenseite, und zwar zwischen der der jeweiligen Innenfläche 44, 46 der Stege 23, 28 naheliegenden Innenseite der Buchse 2, 5 und der zugeordneten Stirnfläche 40, 42 des Futterstücks 4, wie prinzipiell den
Der Kragen oder Flansch 14 der Hülse oder Buchse 2 verläuft erwähntermaßen entlang der Außenseite 29, 26 des Stegs 23, 28, also gegenüberliegend zu der Schweißnaht 3, so dass nach dem Schweißvorgang die Schiene 1, 6 gegen das Futterstück 4 gehalten wird. Dabei sind die Bauteile so geometrisch gestaltet, dass sich das Futterstück 4 gegen den Schienensteg 23, 28 drückt. Der Steg 23, 28 wird quasi zwischen dem Flansch oder Kragen 14 der Buchse 2, 5 und dem Futterstück 4 geklemmt, fixiert.The collar or
Insbesondere aus der
Im Bereich des Herzstückblocks 9 ist entsprechend der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre eine Buchse bzw. Hülse nur in der Flügelschiene 1, 11 vorgesehen, wohingegen das Futterstück 10 mit dem Herzstückblock 9 in gewohnter Weise verschweißt wird.In the area of the frog block 9, according to the teaching of the invention, a bush or sleeve is provided only in the
Anhand der
Dass die diesbezügliche Verbindung auch für die anderen Gleisbauteile gelten kann, wie diese der
Die Blockspitze 9 wird mit den Futterstücken in gewohnter Weise verschweißt.The block tip 9 is welded to the food pieces in the usual way.
Erfindungsgemäß wird an gewalzten Schienen 1, 6, 11, 12 nicht direkt geschweißt. Der bestehende Gefügezustand der Schienen 1, 6, 11, 12 wird durch das schweißtechnische schraubenlose Befestigungsverfahren dem Grunde nach nicht beeinflusst, da die Schweißverbindung nur indirekt in die Blockspitze 9 und die Futterstücke 4, 13, eingebracht wird, also Bauteile, die nach dem Stand der Technik geschweißt werden. Die Anzahl der Befestigungen kann denen eines Herzstücks mit Schraubverbindung gleich kommen.According to the invention is not directly welded to rolled
Erfindungsgemäß muss ein Verschweißen zwischen Schiene 1, 6, 11, 12 und Distanzstück 4, 13 nicht erfolgen.According to the invention, welding between
Als Materialien für die Buchse 2, 5 bzw. das rohrförmige Element kommen insbesondere Stähle mit einer Mindeststreckgrenze zwischen 275 N/mm2 und 360 N/mm2 in Frage.As materials for the
Claims (8)
- Track section comprising a spacer (4, 10), a wing rail (1, 11) as a first track component and a frog tip (9) or a point track (6, 12) merging into it as a second track component, the first and second track components (1, 6, 9, 11, 12) being connected to one another by the spacer (4, 10), at least one of the track components (1, 6, 9, 11, 12) having a rail web (23, 28), and a tubular element (2, 5) passing through a passage opening (27, 34) in the rail web (23, 28) and the tubular element (2, 5) being connected substance-to-substance to said spacer (4, 10),
wherein
the tubular element (2, 5) is connected to the rail web (23, 28) by press fitting, and an end face (48) of the tubular element (2, 5) on the side is set back from the plane formed by an inner face (44, 46) of the rail web (23, 28) on the spacer side. - Track section according to claim 1,
wherein
the tubular element (2, 5) such as a bush has in the area facing away from the spacer a section such as a collar (14) contacting an outer face (29, 36) of the rail web (23, 28). - Track section according to claim 1 or 2,
wherein
there is a gap (7) between the end face (48) of the tubular element (2, 5) on the spacer side, and a spacer (4, 10) contacting the inner face (44, 46) of the rail web (23, 28) on the spacer side. - Track section according to at least one of the preceding claims,
wherein
a tubular element (2, 5) extends from each first and second track component (1, 6, 11, 12) having a rail web (23, 28), and each tubular element (2, 5) is connected substance-to-substance to a spacer (4, 10) connecting the first and the second track component (1, 6, 9, 11, 12). - Method for connecting a wing rail (1, 11) as a first track component to a frog tip (9) or to a point track (6, 12) merging into it as a second track component, with a spacer (4, 10, 13), such as a distance block, extending between said track components and maintaining a distance between them, the spacer being connected substance-to-substance to at least one of the track components having a rail web (23, 28) in its web area, a passage opening (27, 34) being provided in the rail web (23, 28), and a tubular element (2, 5) being inserted into the said passage opening,
wherein
the tubular element (2, 5) has an end face (48) on the spacer side set back from the plane formed by an inner face (44, 46) of the rail web (23, 28) on the spacer side, and the tubular element is fastened in the passage opening by press fitting and is connected substance-to-substance to the spacer (4, 10, 13). - Method according to claim 5,
wherein
the rail web (23, 28) is held between the spacer (4, 10) and a section (14) such as a flange or collar of the tubular element (2, 5) extending on the side of the web facing away from the spacer. - Method according to claim 5 or 6,
wherein
a tubular element (2, 5) extends from each first and second track component (1, 6, 11, 12) having a rail web (23, 28), and each tubular element (2, 5) is connected substance-to-substance to a spacer (4, 10, 13) maintaining a distance between the first and second track components (1, 6, 9, 11, 12). - Method according to at least one of claims 5 - 7,
wherein
the substance-to-substance connection between the inside of the tubular element (2, 5) and the spacer (4, 10) or its end face (40, 42) on the tubular element side is performed by means of at least one welding method belonging to the arc welding or inert-gas welding category.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102015121273.0A DE102015121273A1 (en) | 2015-12-07 | 2015-12-07 | Track section and method for connecting track components |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3178990A1 EP3178990A1 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
EP3178990B1 true EP3178990B1 (en) | 2019-07-03 |
Family
ID=57482305
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16202155.4A Active EP3178990B1 (en) | 2015-12-07 | 2016-12-05 | Track section and method for connecting of track components |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3178990B1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR102016028676B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102015121273A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3178990T3 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI725084B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108755285B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2020-09-08 | 西南交通大学 | Method for designing and manufacturing fixed frog and fixed frog |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE552276C (en) * | ||||
DE1009656B (en) * | 1955-06-13 | 1957-06-06 | Kloeckner Georgsmarienwerke Ag | Simple heart in block formation |
DE1242663B (en) * | 1962-10-13 | 1967-06-22 | Gutehoffnungshuette Sterkrade | Welded Vignol heart |
AT249099B (en) * | 1964-09-11 | 1966-09-26 | Kloeckner Werke Ag | Centerpiece for switches and crossings |
DE4224156A1 (en) | 1992-07-22 | 1994-01-27 | Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Track section |
DE4442416C2 (en) | 1994-11-29 | 1997-11-20 | Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Lining between the rail sections or between the centerpiece and wing rail |
DE19507376C2 (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1998-01-22 | Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh | Connection between a tongue and a connecting bar |
AT410330B (en) * | 1999-04-27 | 2003-03-25 | Vae Ag | Tongue box for grooved rail switches |
FR2887898B1 (en) * | 2005-07-04 | 2009-06-05 | Vossloh Cogifer Sa | CROSSING HEART WITH MOBILE POINT FOR RAILWAY |
DE102007054213B4 (en) | 2007-11-12 | 2011-06-22 | Schreck-Mieves GmbH, 44225 | heart |
-
2015
- 2015-12-07 DE DE102015121273.0A patent/DE102015121273A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2016
- 2016-12-05 TW TW105140092A patent/TWI725084B/en active
- 2016-12-05 DK DK16202155.4T patent/DK3178990T3/en active
- 2016-12-05 EP EP16202155.4A patent/EP3178990B1/en active Active
- 2016-12-06 BR BR102016028676-0A patent/BR102016028676B1/en active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR102016028676A2 (en) | 2017-06-13 |
EP3178990A1 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
BR102016028676B1 (en) | 2022-10-04 |
DE102015121273A1 (en) | 2017-06-08 |
DK3178990T3 (en) | 2019-10-07 |
TWI725084B (en) | 2021-04-21 |
TW201727008A (en) | 2017-08-01 |
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