EP3178104A1 - Coupe-circuit à fusible pour dispositif à protéger - Google Patents

Coupe-circuit à fusible pour dispositif à protéger

Info

Publication number
EP3178104A1
EP3178104A1 EP15745221.0A EP15745221A EP3178104A1 EP 3178104 A1 EP3178104 A1 EP 3178104A1 EP 15745221 A EP15745221 A EP 15745221A EP 3178104 A1 EP3178104 A1 EP 3178104A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
fuse
fusible conductor
protected
potential
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15745221.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3178104B1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Durth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3178104A1 publication Critical patent/EP3178104A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3178104B1 publication Critical patent/EP3178104B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/143—Electrical contacts; Fastening fusible members to such contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/0241—Structural association of a fuse and another component or apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/12—Two or more separate fusible members in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/46—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the protective device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/12—Means structurally associated with spark gap for recording operation thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T2/00—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
    • H01T2/02—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/0241—Structural association of a fuse and another component or apparatus
    • H01H2085/0283—Structural association with a semiconductor device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H01H2085/388—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc using special materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a triggerable fuse for a device to be protected.
  • a fuse can then be triggered.
  • the current flowing through the fuse heats the fusible conductor so far that at least partial, if not complete, melting of the fusible conductor occurs.
  • This melting is usually associated with the occurrence of an arc whereby material of the fusible conductor evaporates. This steam settles elsewhere, with the arc cooling to the extent that the current is limited and eventually shut off.
  • the melting of the fusible conductor is determined by its material and geometry properties, so that depending on the material and / or geometry of the fusible conductor, a respective amount of heat Q for evaporation of the fusible conductor is necessary.
  • the reflow characteristics and associated trigger currents are described by the melt integral I 2 t.
  • this passage integral must actually be taken into account in order to avoid damage.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a fuse according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of an inventive
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail relating to embodiments of the invention
  • 4 shows a use of different embodiments of a fuse according to the invention with an exemplary overvoltage protection device.
  • Figures 1, 2 and 4 each show a schematic representation of a fuse according to the invention F.
  • the fuse F is connected in series with a device 8 to be protected, the series circuit being connected to a supply network having a first potential L and a second potential N different therefrom.
  • the potentials L and N may be any suitable DC or AC potential.
  • the potentials L and N thus form the supply network to which the series circuit is connected.
  • the fuse F has a first contact 1 and a second contact 2.
  • the second contact 2 is used for electrical contacting of the device 8 to be protected.
  • the fuse F further has a fuse element 5, which connects the first contact 1 with the second contact 2.
  • the fuse F at least one further contact 3, wherein the further contact 3 isolated to the first contact 1 and isolated to the second contact 2 is arranged. In a non-triggered state of the fuse F, the further contact 3 is in contact with the fusible conductor 5.
  • the first contact 1 is directly connected to the first potential L and the device 8 to be protected is directly connected to the second potential N. Furthermore, the further contact 3 is likewise directly connected to the second potential N during operation.
  • a fourth contact 4 which provides an external triggering, wherein upon triggering the fusible conductor 5 is caused directly or indirectly to melt. If an error occurs, for example as a result of an overcurrent or a short circuit, the fusible conductor 5 breaks down.
  • the arc which occurs occurs in the region of the further contact 3. This is favored, inter alia, by the fact that the further contact 3 essentially has the potential N, so that in this case the voltage between the fusible conductor 5, which essentially has the potential L, is greater than the potential of the second contact 2, which is essentially the one same potential as the fusible conductor 5, wherein here a reduction by the potential drop on the protective device 8 occurs.
  • This secondary arc will usually have a larger current, so that a safe separation of the fusible conductor and thus protection of the device 8 is ensured.
  • the fourth contact 4 for external triggering.
  • the fourth contact 4 - preferably as in the figures 1. 2 and 4 - in close proximity to the contact 2 and the further contact 3.
  • the sequence may be suitably chosen, e.g.
  • the further contact 3 and the second contact 2 may be adjacent to the fourth contact, or else the fourth contact is arranged above the further contact, and thus the further contact has the second contact 2 and the fourth contact 4 as neighbor.
  • the fourth contact 4 is also isolated in the fuse out.
  • the fourth contact 4 may serve as spark gaps for the area of approach of the contact 3 to the fusible conductor 5. Thus you get a triggerable fuse.
  • the fusible conductor 5 or the contact 3 are used, but without being limited thereto.
  • a further contact (not shown) may also be provided, which is insulated from the second contact 2, the further contact 3 and the fourth contact 4.
  • an ignition now occurs between the fourth contact 4 and the further contact 3, between the fourth contact 4 and the fusible conductor 5, or between the fourth contact 4 and the further contact, not shown.
  • the ignition can also be supported by a resistive support, as shown for example in DE 10146728 or by means of a transformer high-voltage pulse as shown in DE 50 2005 008 658 of the applicant.
  • a suitable triggering can be provided by means of a suitably designed trigger device 9. If, for example, the device 8 to be protected detects a malfunction, then the trigger device 9 can be triggered.
  • various monitoring mechanisms for electrical circuits and devices for controlling the trigger device 9 can be used. Examples include arc detection and temperature monitoring called.
  • the flow of current through the device 8 to be protected is interrupted. This ensures that the device 8 to be protected in the event of a fault only has to carry that energy corresponding to i 2 t, which is necessary for the melting and development of the first arc. If external triggering is provided by means of the triggering device 9, the current with respect to the device 8 to be protected is irrelevant. This energy is much lower than the energy that would flow through the device until the fuse (forward integral) is cleared. As a result, the fused circuit is greatly relieved.
  • the fusible conductor 5 has a predetermined breaking point in the region of the further contact 3. In a short circuit case of the electrical device to be protected, the fusible conductor 5 will now melt in the region of the predetermined breaking point 6.
  • the arc results in ionization, so that the arc can select the contact 3 as a new base point or due to the low resistance (eg with appropriate dimensioning) and / or arrangement relative to the second contact.
  • the flow of current through the device 8 to be protected is interrupted. This ensures that the device to be protected 8 in the event of a fault, only that energy must carry according to i 2 t, which is necessary for melting the predetermined breaking point 6 and the development of the first arc. This energy is much lower than the energy that would flow through the device until the fuse (forward integral) is cleared.
  • the fusible conductor 5 is filled with an extinguishing medium, in particular with sand and / or POM (polyoxymethylene).
  • an extinguishing medium in particular with sand and / or POM (polyoxymethylene).
  • POM polyoxymethylene
  • the switching characteristics in terms of the switching capacity and the speed are improved, since now an improved cooling of the arc is provided, whereby the switching capacity and the switching speed can be improved.
  • the further contact 3 is designed like a disk, wherein the fusible conductor 5 is guided in a recess or through an opening.
  • the contact may be configured as a disk having a substantially circular opening.
  • the fourth contact 4 is designed like a disk, wherein the fusible conductor 5 is guided in a recess or through an opening.
  • the contact may be configured as a disk having a substantially circular opening.
  • the fuse F may further comprise an auxiliary fusible conductor 10 which is in electrical connection with the first contact 1 and which is in electrical connection with the fourth contact 4.
  • auxiliary fusible conductor 10 which is in electrical connection with the first contact 1 and which is in electrical connection with the fourth contact 4.
  • Ignition circuits are usually in terms of their electrical parameters, e.g. their electrical cross-section, designed much smaller than the electrical main path of the spark gap, since the backup fuse is basically to be dimensioned for the maximum derived surge current pulse. Therefore, it may be necessary to secure ignition circuits by additional protective devices, which requires additional space. Furthermore, the triggering of a protective device in the ignition circuit must additionally signaled and given If extra be reported, since the spark gap with unusual ignition circuit typically provides reduced protection. Thus, there is a significant additional effort that can be minimized by the integration of the auxiliary fusible conductor as a backup for the ignition circuit in the backup, and in addition a gain in security is generated by the spark gap 8 is completely separated electrically.
  • the trigger device 9 for a spark gap can be designed as a device 8 to be protected, as shown in FIG.
  • the fusible conductor 5 and the auxiliary fusible conductor 10 different embodiments may be provided.
  • the fusible conductor 5 and the auxiliary fusible conductor can be guided in wire-like fashion at least in sections, or as shown in FIG. 3 on the left-hand side, the auxiliary fusible conductor 10 can be separated in sections from the fusible conductor 5.
  • the auxiliary fusible conductor 10 can be separated in sections by stamping, separating, milling or the like from the fusible conductor 5.
  • the auxiliary fusible conductor 10 may, as shown in FIG. 3 on the right, in sections also surround the fusible conductor 5 in a helical manner.
  • the auxiliary fusible conductor 10 should extend at least in the region of the approach of the contact 3 to the melting timer 5 insulated from the fusible conductor 5, so that a substantially defined ignition point is present.
  • the fusible conductor 5 and the auxiliary fusible conductor 10 can have one or more predetermined breaking points 6 in the region of the further contact 3 or in the region of the fourth contact 4.
  • the fuse F according to the invention in a fuse arrangement A, e.g. as shown in Figure 4, used in addition to the fuse F and the device to be protected 8 and a trigger device 9, which is connected to the fourth contact 4 and an "external" triggering, ie a triggering, not directly the Hauptleitpfad owed.
  • the device to be protected 8 may have an overvoltage protection device, for example a spark gap and / or a varistor and / or a transient voltage suppressor diode.
  • an overvoltage protection device for example a spark gap and / or a varistor and / or a transient voltage suppressor diode.
  • a wear monitoring device 12 which is e.g. is designed as protected with a degradable material protected contact.
  • the trigger 9 is then e.g. On the output side connected to the wear monitoring device 12 of the spark gap 8 to the fourth contact 4.
  • both the ignition circuit, as well as the wear monitoring device 12 is secured over the auxiliary fusible conductor 10, so that both the overload of the ignition circuit and an overload of the spark gap 8 in its interior by triggering the auxiliary fusible conductor 10 and subsequent burning of the main fusible conductor 5, the spark gap 8 completely disconnected from the mains.
  • An arc between the ends of the fired Hilfsschmelzleiters 10 is formed in the region of approach between the contact 4 and the fusible conductor 10 by overloading the auxiliary fusible conductor 10.
  • a second arc ignites the fusible conductor 5 and the contact 3, which is used to burn the fusible conductor 5, ie to trigger the fuse leads.
  • a predetermined breaking point 6 which breaks when overloading of the fuse conductor first, so that at this point a first arc is formed.
  • the auxiliary fusible conductor 10 can be energized and triggered by switching devices in the device to be protected or a trigger device 9. Thus one obtains a triggerable fuse F.
  • the usual mechanisms for the isolated implementation of potentials can be used.
  • Particularly advantageous is the layered structure of metal plates and insulating plates with a Sich ceremoniessendplatte for completion.
  • the various potentials can be introduced through the stacked insulated plates.
  • the disk stack may e.g. be bolted.
  • the triggering of the fuse can be signaled according to the usual mechanisms.
  • the presented invention can be used particularly advantageously in the field of electromobility as well as the generation of electrical energy by means of photovoltaics.
  • vehicles or equipment or devices should meet certain safety criteria, for example, in an accident or fire, no danger to occupants or helpers.
  • an automatically or externally triggerable and high-performance shutdown of the power source as an example of a device to be protected 8 can be provided by the invention readily.
  • Wear monitoring device 12 First potential L Second potential N Fuse arrangement A

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un coupe-circuit à fusible (F) pour un dispositif (8) à protéger qui est monté en série avec le coupe-circuit à fusible (F), le montage en série étant raccordé à un réseau d'alimentation à un premier potentiel (L) et un second potentiel (N) différent de celui-ci. Selon l'invention, le coupe-circuit à fusible (F) comporte un premier contact (1) et un deuxième contact (2), le deuxième contact (2) servant au contact électrique du dispositif (8) à protéger, le coupe-circuit à fusible (F) comportant un élément fusible (5) qui relie le premier contact (1) au deuxième contact (2), le coupe-circuit à fusible (F) comportant en outre un autre contact (3), cet autre contact (3) étant disposé de manière isolée par rapport au premier contact (1) et de manière isolée par rapport au deuxième contact (2) et étant sans contact par rapport à l'élément fusible (5) dans un état non déclenché. Le premier contact (1) est, en fonctionnement, relié directement au premier potentiel (L) et le dispositif (8) à protéger étant, en fonctionnement, relié directement au deuxième potentiel (N), l'autre contact (3) étant également relié en fonctionnement directement au deuxième potentiel (N). Selon l'invention, un quatrième contact (4) est en outre prévu et fournit un déclenchement externe, le déclenchement conduisant à un arc électrique qui entraîne l'élément fusible (5) à fondre directement ou indirectement.
EP15745221.0A 2014-08-04 2015-08-04 Coupe-circuit à fusible pour dispositif à protéger Active EP3178104B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014215279.8A DE102014215279A1 (de) 2014-08-04 2014-08-04 Schmelzsicherung für eine zu schützende Einrichtung
PCT/EP2015/067956 WO2016020381A1 (fr) 2014-08-04 2015-08-04 Coupe-circuit à fusible pour dispositif à protéger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3178104A1 true EP3178104A1 (fr) 2017-06-14
EP3178104B1 EP3178104B1 (fr) 2020-09-23

Family

ID=53773457

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15745221.0A Active EP3178104B1 (fr) 2014-08-04 2015-08-04 Coupe-circuit à fusible pour dispositif à protéger

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10134555B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3178104B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN106716591B (fr)
DE (1) DE102014215279A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016020381A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015225376B3 (de) 2015-12-16 2017-01-19 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzgerät vom Typ II
DE102017119285A1 (de) 2017-02-01 2018-08-02 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Triggerbare Schmelzsicherung für Niederspannungsanwendungen
DE102017126419A1 (de) 2017-02-08 2018-08-09 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Schmelzsicherung für Niederspannungsanwendungen
DE102017214035A1 (de) 2017-08-11 2019-02-14 Audi Ag Betreiben eines Bordnetzes eines Kraftfahrzeugs
FR3089052B1 (fr) * 2018-11-28 2020-12-11 Mersen France Sb Sas Dispositif de protection pour un circuit électrique et circuit électrique équipé d’un tel dispositif
JP6914375B2 (ja) * 2019-02-28 2021-08-04 東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社 保護継電装置、及び電力変換システム
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CZ309282B6 (cs) 2021-06-01 2022-07-13 Saltek S.R.O Zařízení pro ochranu proti nadproudu, zejména pro ochranu svodičů přepětí
US12106922B2 (en) * 2022-04-08 2024-10-01 Ripd Ip Development Ltd. Fuse assemblies and protective circuits and methods including same

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN106716591A (zh) 2017-05-24
CN106716591B (zh) 2019-09-27
US20170236674A1 (en) 2017-08-17
US10134555B2 (en) 2018-11-20
DE102014215279A1 (de) 2016-02-04
EP3178104B1 (fr) 2020-09-23
WO2016020381A1 (fr) 2016-02-11

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