EP3176768A1 - Procédé de transformation d'une commande de commutation en une position de signal d'un groupe de signaux - Google Patents
Procédé de transformation d'une commande de commutation en une position de signal d'un groupe de signaux Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3176768A1 EP3176768A1 EP16201853.5A EP16201853A EP3176768A1 EP 3176768 A1 EP3176768 A1 EP 3176768A1 EP 16201853 A EP16201853 A EP 16201853A EP 3176768 A1 EP3176768 A1 EP 3176768A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- time
- release
- blocking
- minimum
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/07—Controlling traffic signals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/07—Controlling traffic signals
- G08G1/081—Plural intersections under common control
- G08G1/083—Controlling the allocation of time between phases of a cycle
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/07—Controlling traffic signals
- G08G1/085—Controlling traffic signals using a free-running cyclic timer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/097—Supervising of traffic control systems, e.g. by giving an alarm if two crossing streets have green light simultaneously
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for converting a switching command into a signal image of a signal group according to claim 1, a control unit according to claim 13 and a program product according to claim 14.
- Signaling systems for controlling road traffic have several signal groups that can control competing traffic flows.
- a control device is provided which provides a switching command for enabling or disabling a traffic flow in signal images of the signal groups, e.g. a red, green or yellow traffic light converts.
- the switching commands can come from a variety of sources such as a fixed-time signal program or a traffic-dependent control program.
- the object of the invention is to avoid erroneous signaling of the signal groups.
- the object of the invention is achieved by the method according to claim 1, by the control unit according to claim 13 and by the program product according to claim 14.
- An advantage of the method described is that a traffic-reliable, in particular accident-free implementation of the switching commands in signal images of the signal groups is achieved for the traffic flow. In this way, avoidance of dangerous situations, especially collisions of enemy traffic flows is achieved.
- the traffic-safe implementation of the switching commands in Signal images of the signal groups are achieved by checking, before the conversion of a switching command into at least one signal image, whether the conversion violates a minimum time for a blocking or a release of a signal group. If this is the case, the conversion of the switching command is changed, in particular delayed or prevented.
- An interim time is the time required to ensure that no dangerous traffic situations occur between blocking a first signal group and releasing a second signal group.
- the minimum time for enabling and / or disabling a signal group is dependent on and / or the minimum time for the interim time of the signal groups to be switched depends on a signal group type.
- a signal group type designates the traffic group that is controlled using the signal group.
- a vehicle, a pedestrian, a bicycle, a tram, a public transport, a special-purpose vehicle such as e.g. For example, a police vehicle or an ambulance are different signal group types.
- the minimum times for the signal group types are e.g. stored in a memory.
- the minimum time for the release and / or the blocking of a signal group is dependent on and / or the minimum time for the intermediate time to switching signal groups depending on a current signal image and / or depending on a newly switched signal image. In this way, different reaction times of the road users can be taken into account, for example, from blocking into a release or from releasing into a blocking. In a further embodiment, the minimum times for the blocking and / or for the release of a signal group are fixed. Thus, a precise adherence to the minimum times can be achieved.
- the minimum release time is predetermined for all, in particular for each individual signal image. In a further embodiment, the minimum release time for a given sequence of multiple signal images may be predetermined. In this way, it is possible to discuss certain sequences of signal images and to achieve a more efficient control of the signal system.
- the intermediate times for predetermined signal groups are fixed and stored, in particular in a memory, for example in the form of a table. In this way, a precise adherence to the split times for predetermined, certain signal group pairs can be achieved.
- an actually present time duration for a blocking and / or for a release and / or an actually existing intermediate time between a blocking and a release of signal groups is measured.
- the conversion of the switching command is changed in such a way that a predetermined time due to the switching command time of a current signal image and / or a newly switched signal image is changed, so that the minimum time for blocking and / or release and / or for a meantime be respected can.
- an end of a current signal image of a signal group can be moved.
- a start and / or an end of a signal pattern to be switched a signal group can be moved.
- a traffic-proof control of the signal system can be improved.
- an actual measurement of the release time and / or the blocking time and / or the intermediate time can be advantageous for a precise control of the signal system.
- the implementation of at least one switching command with compliance with the minimum time for blocking and / or release and / or an intermediate time is possible.
- It may be a switching command or a sequence of switching commands e.g. be converted into signal images in the form of a phase transition. Since the simulation can be carried out quickly in terms of time, the result of the simulation can be taken into account for the actual implementation of the switching command. If the simulation shows that a violation of a minimum time for blocking and / or release and / or for an intermediate time occurs, the conversion of the switching command can either be changed or omitted.
- a change in the implementation of the switching command may consist in that the time of implementation of the switching command is changed from the predetermined time. For example, the time of implementation of the switching command can be brought forward or moved backwards compared to the predetermined time.
- a simulation is used to check at what time or within which period of time a conversion of a predetermined switching command enables compliance with the minimum time for blocking and / or release and / or the intermediate time.
- the determined time or period during which the implementation of the switching command without injury the minimum time for the blocking and / or the release and / or the intermediate time is possible, can be taken into account by the controller to implement at this time or within this period, the predetermined switching command in the at least one new signal image.
- the predetermined switching command can be implemented within a period of time or at a time that the minimum time is respected for an interim period and / or a blocking and / or a release.
- the result of the simulation can be taken into account when implementing the specified switching command.
- the duration of the current signal image can be shortened or extended or the duration of the signal image to be switched newly shortened or extended in order to comply with the minimum periods for blocking, release and / or the interim time.
- the simulation offers the possibility to check the more complex situation during the runtime of the control system of the signaling system and to change the switching command in real time without causing a time delay of the conversion.
- FIG. 1 shows in a schematic representation of an intersection 2 of roads 3, 4, 5, 6.
- Each road has two lanes.
- the roads 3, 4, 5, 6 meet at the intersection 2.
- a signal system 1 with four signal groups 7, 8, 9, 10 are provided.
- Each signal group can represent at least one signal image 11.
- the signal image may, for example, in the form of a traffic light, represent a red circular area, a yellow circular area and / or a green circular area or no sign. Even a dark traffic light, ie a non-active traffic light is a signal image with which a blockage or release of the traffic flow takes place.
- the signal image 11 may also have other shapes and / or colors, such as arrows, rectangles or.
- a signal group can represent different signal images for different traffic flows. For example, different signal images may be provided for a left turn, a right turn and a straight ahead.
- a control unit 12 For controlling the signal images of the signal groups, a control unit 12 is provided.
- the control unit 12 is connected to the signal groups 7, 8, 9, 10 in connection.
- the connection can be wired or wireless.
- each signal group 7, 8, 9, 10 have their own control unit.
- the function of the control unit 12 is realized by the various control units of the respective signal groups.
- the control unit 12 is designed to change at least one current signal image of a signal group depending on a switching command.
- the shift command may be from a traffic-dependent control method and / or from a fixed-time control method and / or from a prioritization method for special vehicles such as e.g. Police vehicles, rescue vehicles are specified.
- the control methods and the prioritization method can run on the control unit or on another control unit.
- the control unit 12 may be configured to change in the present example, the signal image 11 of the first and the third signal group 7, 9 from green, that is from a release of a traffic stream to red, that is, to a blocking of the traffic flow.
- the control unit 12 designed to switch, depending on the switching command, the signal image 11 of the second and the third signal group 8, 10 from one of red, that is to say of a blocking, to green, that is to say to a release.
- the control unit 12 may include a timer for measuring the actual period of inhibiting and / or releasing a signal group and / or an actual interim time between disabling a first signal group and enabling a second signal group, the first and second signal groups controlling hostile traffic streams.
- minimum times for a blocking and / or a release of a signal group can be provided.
- a minimum lock time for a signal group may be one second.
- a minimum release time can be five seconds.
- other values for the minimum blocking time and / or the minimum release time may also be provided.
- the minimum blocking time and / or the minimum release time and / or the minimum intermediate time may depend on further parameters such as the traffic volume, the time of day, the week time or the weather such as rain or snow.
- the minimum disable time and / or the minimum enable time may depend on the signal group type of the signal group.
- a minimum time for a traffic-technical state can be specified, regardless of whether one or more signal images are displayed in succession for the traffic-technical state.
- a minimum time for a release of a signal group may be predetermined by a sequence of a green Signal, a dark signal and a green flashing signal takes place.
- the minimum time does not have to be met by a signal image but can be maintained by a sequence of multiple signal images.
- the minimum time can also be defined for the traffic-technical state of a blockage.
- a sequence of several signal images can also be used to maintain the minimum blocking time, such as a red signal, a red flashing signal and a red and yellow signal at the same time.
- the minimum times and the definition of which minimum time and in particular whether a minimum time is to be used for signal images or a minimum time for traffic conditions is stored in the memory 13 of the control unit 14.
- the minimum times for the lock time and release time are e.g. chosen in such a way that a traffic optimization of the traffic flow is achieved. Too short minimum times for the blocking time and release time are inefficient, since they lead to an overload of the respective traffic flow. In addition, frequent traffic-related state changes can lead to a high proportion of loss times, e.g. caused by the switching between red and green of the individual signal groups lead. At high loss times, only a few vehicles can pass the intersection in a fixed time interval in total.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a course of a signal image 11 for a signal group over time t.
- a signal image for a blocking ie for example a red signal of a traffic light is represented by a cross.
- the signal image is displayed in units of time in the form of boxes.
- a time unit is, for example, a second.
- a transition signal between a block and a release ie, for example, a yellow signal of a traffic light is shown schematically with a slash.
- a signal image for a release of the traffic flow ie, for example, a green signal of a traffic light is shown schematically with a circle.
- the traffic-technical state 14 defines the meaning of the signal image for the road users.
- the traffic-technical condition is hereinafter referred to as condition only.
- the traffic-technical state 14 represents a blockage of the traffic flow with a dark field and a release of the traffic flow with a bright field, which is controlled by the signal group. From the zeroth time t0 to the first time t1, the signal image 11 indicates a blockage. Between the first time t1 and a second time t2, a minimum time for a release 16 is shown.
- the signal image 11 displays a green signal between the first time t1 and the third time t3, that is, a release of the traffic stream.
- the signal image 11 displays a yellow signal, that is, a switching state. Between the fourth time t4 and a fifth time t5, a minimum time for blocking 15 is shown. The signal image 11 ends at a sixth time t6. Between the third time t3 and the sixth time t6 there is a locked state 14. A yellow signal or yellow and red signals represent transient signals. Transient signals are considered a locked state 14 in this example.
- a table for the signal images can be stored in the memory 13, wherein the individual signal images are divided into two groups.
- the duration of a single signal image is considered in each case for checking the observance of the minimum time.
- an order of signal images of the second group is considered to check the minimum time compliance.
- the further parameter to be adhered to is the intermediate time, which lies between a blocking of a first signal group and a release of a second signal group if the two signal groups Switching competing traffic flows, which could lead to dangerous traffic situations with simultaneous release, intersect in particular.
- a split-time error occurs when a predetermined minimum intermediate time between a release end of the first signal group and a release start of the second signal group is exceeded.
- An examination of compliance with the minimum time of the interim period is based on the traffic conditions of the two signal groups. To check compliance with the minimum time of the interim period, the traffic condition must be taken into account due to the signal images.
- a table can be stored in the memory 13, which is shown schematically in FIG FIG. 3 is shown.
- five traffic streams for different signal images are shown in one line.
- five traffic streams for different signal images are also shown in the column.
- the signal images of the line respectively represent the first signal image and the signal images of the column represent the second signal image.
- the columns represent the signal images of the incoming signal groups.
- the lines represent the signal images of the clearing signal groups.
- An intermediate time is always in pairs between an incoming signal group and a clearing signal group specified.
- a clearing signal group is the signal group whose release end is either in the past or has not yet taken place. As incoming signal group, the signal group is designated whose release start has not yet taken place or is still to be switched to release.
- FIG. 4 shows in a schematic representation of the time course of a signal image 11 and the time course of a traffic-technical state 14 of a clearing signal group 17. Including temporally synchronous time course a signal image 11 and a time course of a traffic-technical state 14 of an incoming signal group 18 shown.
- the current time 28 is shown schematically in the form of a line in FIG.
- the traffic-technical states 14 of the signal groups 17, 18 are derived from the signal images 11 of the entering and clearing signal groups 17, 18.
- the effectively switched intermediate time is the time difference between an end of a released state 14 of the clearing signal group 17 and a beginning of an unlocked state 14 of the incoming signal group 18.
- FIG. 4 shows at the first time t1 the end of the enabled state 14 of the clearing signal group 17. At the second time t2, the beginning of the enabled state 14 of the incoming signal group 18 is shown.
- the time interval between the first time t1 and the second time t2 defines the intermediate time 19 between the clearing signal group 17
- a function of the present method is that it is checked at runtime of the program for controlling the signaling system 1, whether the minimum time for the blocking of a signal group and / or the release of a signal group and / or the intermediate time between a blocking of a first signal group and the release a second signal group is respected when converting a switching command in the corresponding signal images.
- an error signal can be stored and / or output.
- a correction of the conversion of the switching command into at least one signal image can be carried out in such a way that the minimum time of blocking and / or release and / or the intermediate time is maintained. Therefore, a minimum duration does not have to be calculated in advance and stored as qualification data, but the minimum duration may be at the time of the control procedure, especially in the case of a traffic-dependent Control method dynamically calculated or queried.
- Another alternative approach is to use the online correction algorithm so that the right time to change the signal image is determined at runtime. The right time is then characterized by the fact that no corrections of the signaling are required.
- phase transition is a signaling sequence from an output signal image into a target signal image for at least two, in particular all signal groups of a signal system 1.
- This method can be advantageous in particular in various control engineering interventions such as special interventions for a prioritization of a public transport vehicle or a special vehicle.
- the described method enables an on-line correction for a phase transition from any output signal image to a target signal image at runtime of the control method.
- a further object of the method can be that switching commands arriving in the control unit, regardless of their source, are checked for traffic-related errors before the switching commands are converted into signal images of the signal groups.
- the checking and correction can take into account the errors that would lead to a shutdown of the signal system without a correction.
- a minimum release time violation and / or a minimum blocking time violation and / or a minimum intermediate time violation can be checked.
- a minimum period for the release and / or the blocking and / or the intermediate time can be monitored and in particular corrected for each signal group and traffic-technical condition.
- the effective enable times and / or lock times are extracted from the signal sequence.
- the minimum times are defined on the basis of traffic-technical condition 14 and not directly on the basis of the duration of the signal images.
- the minimum duration check is performed for all the signal images that do not represent transient signal images, such as yellow at the traffic light or red and yellow at the same time.
- the first step is to check which type of minimum time requirement is to be met. As already explained above, a minimum time or for a series of signal images can be checked for each individual signal image. Which of the two checks is used may be selected by the control unit 12 or is set in the memory 13 or by a corresponding input from an operator. Furthermore, depending on the current signal image and the signal image in which is to be switched due to the switching command, various tests can be performed.
- the minimum duration of an intermediate time can be checked and, in particular, a correction of an intermediate time before a switching between two signal images can be carried out on the basis of a switching command.
- compliance with the minimum time offset between the release time end of a clearing signal group and the release time start of a retracting signal group can be checked.
- the traffic-technical state 14 is derived from the signal images 11 of the signal groups. If a violation of the meantime is detected, an error signal can be stored or output, and in particular the conversion of the switching command can be changed against the switching command.
- the switching commands can be provided in one embodiment that certain parts of the signal groups for the incoming signal group and the clearing signal group can not be changed. Due to the minimum times and transition times of the individual signal groups, signal images for specific time ranges can be specified as unchangeable.
- the fixed time ranges of the signal images are referred to below as the atomic block.
- FIG. 5 shows for a signal group a time course of a signal image 11 and synchronous thereto the traffic technical state 14.
- an atomic block 27 is shown for a fixed time range of the signal image.
- the atomic block 27 in this example comprises a yellow / red signal and four time units of a green signal.
- FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of a time sequence of a signal image 11 of a signal group and the associated traffic engineering state 14.
- the atomic block 27 comprises three time units of a yellow signal and three time units of a red signal.
- the traffic condition and the atomic block can be used instead of time units.
- the atomic block denotes a blocking time range of a signal image, which must be complied with, since otherwise a minimum time violation would occur.
- FIG. 7 shows a signal image 11 of a clearing signal group 17 and a signal image 11 of an incoming signal group 18 as a function of the time course due to a predetermined switching command.
- the current time is marked with 28.
- the release end of the clearing signal group is no longer changeable, as it has in the past lies.
- the predetermined switching command only an interim period of six seconds.
- FIG. 9 shows time profiles of signal images 11 of a clearing signal group 17 and a retracting signal group 18, which would be due to a switching command obtained.
- the intermediate time 19 which in the present case is set to -1 second, would be fallen below the value -2 seconds.
- a correction by an extension of the blocking time of the incoming signal group 18 is required, as in FIG. 10 is shown.
- the clearing signal group 17 at the time of consideration 28 still in the minimum release time, so that the release times of the clearing signal group 17 can not be shortened.
- a cancellation of the clearing signal group can basically be carried out to correct for the implementation of the switching command.
- a continuous release of an incoming signal group can not be changed if the minimum time has not expired, as in FIG. 11 is shown.
- FIG. 11 shows time profiles of the signal images 11 a clearing signal group 17 and a retracting signal group 18.
- the current time 28 is also shown.
- the clearing signal group 17 can cancel the current release, as in FIG. 12 is shown.
- the ongoing release of the clearing signal group 17 is aborted from the current time 28 and a red or yellow signal in Signal picture switched. Since the incoming signal group 18 is already in the atomic block area 27 at the present time 28, only a change of the signal state or of the signal image 11 of the clearing signal group 17 can take place.
- both the incoming and the evacuating signal groups may be altered to avoid interim violations, as in US Pat FIG. 13, 14 and FIG. 15 is shown.
- FIG. 13 shows a time course of the signal images 11 of an entering and the clearing signal group 18,17 at a given switching command at the current time 28.
- the present switching command at the current time 28 or the near future is not by an atomic block 27 for the clearing or the incoming Signal group 17, 18 restricted.
- suppression of the incoming signal group may be preferred.
- the emergence of insoluble intermediate time violations can be avoided.
- a minimum time for the interim period of one second must be observed.
- the incoming signal group 18 would like to switch to a red-yellow signal image, that is to say into a blocking state, at the present time 28.
- FIG. 15 shows another possible correction of FIG. 13 in which the signal image 11 of the clearing signal group 17 is switched from the current instant 28 into a yellow signal image, ie into a blocking state.
- the ongoing release of the clearing signal group 17 is aborted.
- the case described here also includes the monitoring of hostility. In this case, enemy green must be checked for both signal groups.
- a correction of a phase duration during operation in a phase-based control method can be performed.
- An advantage of this method is that a phase-based control method can query whether a phase change is possible with a change of a first signal image of at least one signal group to a second signal image of the signal group at a specific time or within a certain period of time without a correction of the predetermined periods of the signal images or the phases is required.
- the input data for the test may include the signaling of the point in time at which the phase change is to take place and the signaling that took place up to that point in time.
- the control unit simulates the signaling at the phase change to be tested at the given time or at a possible time.
- the correction mechanism can be part of the simulation, which runs faster than the control method in real time.
- the simulation starts the phase transition to be tested.
- the signaling of the signal groups for each second of the transition can be passed to the correction mechanism as an input signal. If the correction mechanism results in a violation of a minimum time of release and / or blocking and / or the intermediate time, the triggering of the phase change at the current time would lead to a correction during operation. Thus, the simulation determines that the Control method at the desired time can not perform the desired phase transition.
- the simulation can check in which period of time the desired phase transition can be performed without violating a minimum time of release and / or blocking and / or the intermediate time.
- the simulation described is carried out for several future start times of the phase transition.
- the start times or the start time range can be determined, to which can be changed from the current phase to the new target phase.
- the earliest possible time for the phase transition without correction is particularly interesting.
- a test algorithm for different possible phase changes can be simulated. As a result of the simulation, a list can be obtained indicating at what time which phase change is possible without having to perform a correction of the given phase durations.
- the method described can be used to calculate signaling sequences in the ongoing operation of the control method.
- the goal here is to have a controlling phase and / or signal group-oriented method for a signaling sequence of an output signal image to be calculated in a target signal image, without the correction of the time periods of the signal images of the signal groups is required in the implementation.
- the input data for the simulation or the calculation are the signaling of the point in time at which the signaling change should take place and the signaling that has taken place up to this point in time.
- the signaling can now be simulated in the phase change to be tested.
- the correction mechanism described above can be part of the simulation, the faster than the control process in real time. If necessary, this results in a signaling sequence through ongoing corrections, which can be implemented without a correction.
- the described methods enable an optimization of the traffic flow, in particular with a prioritization of public transport vehicles or emergency vehicles.
- An advantage of using the described correction method during operation is the creation of the traffic-dependent control.
- the described method has the advantage that a fixed-time signal program before commissioning does not have to be comprehensively checked for minimum and intermediate-time errors for the configuration tool. This is particularly advantageous in the context of a platform strategy, for example if the control unit should also be configurable with simpler software tools from third-party manufacturers. This applies analogously to the creation of traffic-dependent controls. There is the additional benefit of simplification.
- An optimization algorithm of the traffic-dependent control only has to decide when and for what duration a traffic stream receives a release. Restrictions on the minimum or intermediate time are determined by the described method, i. ensured the correction algorithm. This is the case in particular when the correction algorithm is integrated into the traffic-dependent control in regular operation.
- phase-based traffic-dependent control methods and fixed-time signal programs can be simplified.
- the automatic determination of a signaling frequency in online mode allows a faster change, especially with synchronized signal program change.
- the traffic flow can be better optimized, since a new optimized signal program can be activated quickly, in particular, this also applies to a mode change.
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Cited By (4)
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CN108221524A (zh) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-06-29 | 夏季芳 | 一种十字路口车道设置及通行方法 |
CN108898840A (zh) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-27 | 江苏理工学院 | 一种基于视频监控的智能交通信号灯控制方法 |
EP3564922A1 (fr) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-11-06 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Système et procédé à base de chaîne de blocs permettant d'assurer le fonctionnement correcte des installations de signalisation lumineuse |
US11915308B2 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2024-02-27 | Miovision Technologies Incorporated | Blockchain data exchange network and methods and systems for submitting data to and transacting data on such a network |
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AT510247A1 (de) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-02-15 | Andreas Dr Kuhn | Verfahren zur regelung einer signalanlge |
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DE10146398A1 (de) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-04-17 | Siemens Ag | System zum Steuern von Lichtsignalgebern an Kreuzungen |
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CN108221524A (zh) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-06-29 | 夏季芳 | 一种十字路口车道设置及通行方法 |
EP3564922A1 (fr) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-11-06 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Système et procédé à base de chaîne de blocs permettant d'assurer le fonctionnement correcte des installations de signalisation lumineuse |
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US11915308B2 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2024-02-27 | Miovision Technologies Incorporated | Blockchain data exchange network and methods and systems for submitting data to and transacting data on such a network |
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