EP3175545B1 - Procédé de commande de moteur d'une machine électrique à réluctance synchrone pour une pompe avec une machine électrique à réluctance synchrone - Google Patents

Procédé de commande de moteur d'une machine électrique à réluctance synchrone pour une pompe avec une machine électrique à réluctance synchrone Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3175545B1
EP3175545B1 EP15744905.9A EP15744905A EP3175545B1 EP 3175545 B1 EP3175545 B1 EP 3175545B1 EP 15744905 A EP15744905 A EP 15744905A EP 3175545 B1 EP3175545 B1 EP 3175545B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
motor
synchronous reluctance
variable
frequency converter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15744905.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3175545A1 (fr
Inventor
Daniel Gontermann
Jochen Schaab
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KSB SE and Co KGaA
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KSB SE and Co KGaA
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Application filed by KSB SE and Co KGaA filed Critical KSB SE and Co KGaA
Publication of EP3175545A1 publication Critical patent/EP3175545A1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/08—Reluctance motors
    • H02P25/092—Converters specially adapted for controlling reluctance motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D1/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0066—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by changing the speed, e.g. of the driving engine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/08—Reluctance motors
    • H02P25/086—Commutation
    • H02P25/089—Sensorless control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for motor control of a synchronous reluctance motor for a pump, in particular a centrifugal pump, with a frequency converter.
  • the invention relates to a pump for carrying out the method.
  • the WO 2005/050021 A1 discloses a method for controlling a drive motor of a vacuum displacement pump with a relationship between the process variable pressure to speed.
  • the DE 10 2011 086 572 A1 shows a method and a control device for variable-speed control of a positive displacement pump unit, which is controlled without the use of sensors to the desired value.
  • the EP 0 812 052 A1 discloses a frequency converter for a drive device to be integrated into an AC motor without significant structural changes thereof.
  • the DE 41 13 068 A1 shows a method for determining or controlling the speed of an asynchronous, in which the actual speed of the rotor of the asynchronous machine is determined by the fact that the transition range from engine to generator operation or vice versa. The thus determined actual speed is used for the speed control of the machine.
  • the DE 29 39 090 A1 discloses a method and arrangement for controlling the speed of asynchronous or reluctance motors.
  • the DE 18 06 838 shows a circuit arrangement for controlling the rotational speed of an AC motor fed by a static converter.
  • the DE 103 43 460 A1 discloses a device for spinning and winding at least one synthetic thread.
  • a control unit on a variable voltage / Hertz ratio.
  • the DE 20 2005 001 746 U1 shows an apparatus for controlling a fluid flow machine.
  • the change in the speed of a three-phase asynchronous motor can be carried out by changing a mains frequency by means of a frequency converter.
  • the flow-forming and torque-forming component of the current is controlled separately from one another via the converter, specifically as a function of the rotor position.
  • the position can be determined on the one hand with sensors or alternatively sensorless based on various methods, such as the Inform method according to Schrödel, the injection method according to REEL or according to the arbitrary injection method of TU Kunststoff, Kennel.
  • the above methods do without the use of sensors for rotor position measurement and thus reduce the susceptibility of the system, but this procedure requires an elaborate analysis of the variables.
  • For measuring the rotor position by means of the inverter at least two current measurements at the output of the inverter are necessary in order to determine the current motor position on the basis of the determined current values.
  • the converter requires a high computing power for modeling.
  • the inverter is usually equipped with a digital signal processor (DSP) hardware technology.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • the idea of the present invention is now to significantly reduce the effort in the inverter for controlling a synchronous reluctance motor for a pump.
  • a method for motor control of a synchronous reluctance motor for a pump, in particular a centrifugal pump, using a frequency converter is proposed.
  • the synchronous reluctance motor is controlled by the frequency converter in U / f operation.
  • the motor is therefore no longer operated as previously regulated depending on the current variables, but instead only controlled, in particular controlled by means of an open loop. Due to the U / f control of the synchronous reluctance motor, the previously required current measurement and the associated calculation of the motor model can be omitted.
  • the use of high-quality DSPs can be dispensed with and a more cost-effective converter alternative can be installed.
  • the characteristic curve required for the V / f operation is created as a function of the pump application in order to achieve the most energy-efficient and effective control of the synchronous reluctance machine.
  • the U / f ratio has a static-quadratic relationship, in such a way as to ensure that the starting torque is overcome and that no energy-consuming over-magnetization of the motor is produced at low speeds of the synchronous reluctance machine.
  • a corresponding ratio is particularly useful when the pump application is characterized by a low dynamics, i. especially in applications that are characterized only by small changes in torque within a short period of time.
  • the ratio of torque requirement and speed is subject to a quadratic relationship, which is why a corresponding relationship can also be defined for the U / f ratio of the converter.
  • the setpoint speed for the V / f converter is determined as a function of the actual engine speed and / or an indirectly controlled via the engine speed process variable of the pump application.
  • the setpoint speed serves as the default for the V / f converter, which determines the appropriate U / f ratio as a function of the setpoint speed. From the nominal frequency and voltage level, the corresponding pulse-width-modulated voltage pulses for driving the inverter in the PWM modulator are generated.
  • the differential pressure is preferably measured, in particular between the end and suction pressure of the pump.
  • the pressure at the discharge nozzle of the pump and / or in a pressure line near the pump and / or at the worst of a heating system in which the pump is used, is measured.
  • the present invention also relates to a pump, in particular a centrifugal pump, with at least one synchronous reluctance motor and a frequency converter for motor control.
  • the frequency converter of the pump used is a U / f converter.
  • a more cost effective U / f converter is used instead, which merely performs control of the synchronous reluctance motor.
  • the used U / f converter can be internally integrated into the pump or connected to it as an external U / f converter.
  • the pump has means for carrying out the method according to the invention, for example a differential pressure transducer or communication means for communication with an external differential pressure transducer.
  • An evaluation unit can be installed in Dependence of the detected differential pressure generate a corresponding setpoint speed for the U / f converter of the pump.
  • the invention is directed to the use of a U / f converter for driving a synchronous reluctance motor, preferably a synchronous reluctance machine for driving a pump, in particular a pump according to the present invention.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a pump according to the present invention as a heating circulation pump and / or service water circulation pump and / or wet rotor.
  • the pump of the invention can be used in applications that are characterized by a low dynamics of the load behavior and also require only a low starting torque.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a conventional motor control of a synchronous reluctance motor 10 for stable operation according to the prior art.
  • the alternating voltage applied to the synchronous reluctance motor 10 is rectified in block 1 and smoothed by means of the capacitor 2.
  • the DSP 12 of the frequency converter receives as inputs the rectified voltage U and the provided by the block 7 set speed ⁇ , which is determined in block 7 on the basis of the measured differential pressure Ap.
  • the differential pressure ⁇ p is measured by the differential pressure sensor 6.
  • the DSP 12 receives as input two measured current components i 1 , i 2 which are measured at the output of the converter, ie at the input of the synchronous reluctance motor 10. Due to the measured current variables i 1 , i 2 , the position of the rotor can be calculated sensorless in the DSP 12. For this purpose, however, the motor model 8 is necessary as a further input variable.
  • the DPS 12 sends the regulated PWM signal to the inverter 3 of the synchronous reluctance motor 10, wherein the PWM signal is obviously controlled in dependence of the detected currents i 1 , i 2 and the motor voltage U and the target speed ⁇ .
  • the frequency converter according to FIG. 1 is a high-quality DSP 12 with sufficient computing power required.
  • FIG. 2 shows the inventive method for driving a synchronous reluctance motor 10 for a pump. Same components of FIGS. 1 . 2 are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the synchronous reluctance motor 10 is only driven by the U / f converter used.
  • the frequency converter 70 receives a setpoint speed ⁇ determined in block 80 as a function of a measured differential pressure ⁇ p or of an individual pressure value p 1 . Starting from the setpoint speed ⁇ , a PWM signal is generated according to a V / f characteristic and used for the control of the synchronous reluctance machine 40.
  • control method can be found in particular in centrifugal pumps application, since these from a drive technology point of view as a good-natured component with low starting torque and low dynamics, ie only small change in torque within a short time periods apply.
  • the ratio of torque requirement and speed is subject to a quadratic relationship. This opens up the possibility of setting the U / f ratio of the converter 70 to a static quadratic relationship, so that overcoming the starting torque is ensured, but at low speeds no energy-consuming over-magnetization in the motor is caused.
  • the inverter in the centrifugal pump application is not used for speed control as an end in itself, but for the implementation of a pressure control.
  • the pressure is measured via a pressure sensor 6 on the discharge nozzle or in the pressure line near the pump or at the negative point.
  • the converter 70 detects the pressure drop and switches off the motor 10 briefly.
  • the pumped medium brakes the engine 10 and brings it to a standstill after a short time. After this short, predefined time, the restart takes place from standstill.
  • heating / cooling a short stoppage due to the relatively slow temperature changes is not critical.
  • Motor control shown is preferably used in heating circulation pumps, domestic water circulation pumps or wet rotors.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de commande de moteur d'un moteur à réluctance synchrone (10) pour une pompe, notamment une pompe centrifuge, comprenant un convertisseur de fréquence (70),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le convertisseur de fréquence (70) commande le moteur à réluctance synchrone (10) en régime U/f, la vitesse de rotation de consigne pour le convertisseur U/f étant déterminée en fonction de la vitesse de rotation réelle du moteur et/ou d'une grandeur de processus de l'application de la pompe régulée indirectement par le biais de la vitesse de rotation du moteur, le convertisseur U/f interrompant l'excitation du moteur à réluctance synchrone (10) pendant une période définie lorsqu'une perte de synchronisme du moteur est reconnue à l'aide de la vitesse de rotation réelle du moteur et/ou de la grandeur de processus régulée indirectement.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le convertisseur U/f fonctionne en boucle de régulation ouverte.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le rapport entre la tension et la fréquence du convertisseur U/f est adapté à l'application du moteur à réluctance synchrone (10).
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le rapport U/f prévoit une corrélation statique-quadratique.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la grandeur de processus régulée indirectement est une pression, de préférence une pression différentielle, notamment de préférence la pression différentielle entre la pression en sortie et la pression d'aspiration de la pompe, la pression étant idéalement mesurée au niveau du raccord de refoulement et/ou dans une conduite de pression à proximité de la pompe et/ou au point le plus défavorable d'un système de chauffage.
  6. Pompe, notamment pompe centrifuge, comprenant au moins un moteur à réluctance synchrone (10) et un convertisseur de fréquence (70) destiné à commander le moteur, caractérisée en ce que le convertisseur de fréquence (70) est un convertisseur U/f et comprenant des moyens pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5.
  7. Utilisation d'un convertisseur U/f pour l'excitation d'une machine à réluctance synchrone conformément à un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, de préférence une machine à réluctance synchrone destinée à entraîner une pompe, notamment une pompe selon la revendication 6.
  8. Utilisation d'une pompe selon la revendication 6 en tant que pompe de circulation de chauffage et/ou pompe de circulation d'eau sanitaire et/ou rotor noyé.
EP15744905.9A 2014-07-30 2015-07-29 Procédé de commande de moteur d'une machine électrique à réluctance synchrone pour une pompe avec une machine électrique à réluctance synchrone Active EP3175545B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014214952.5A DE102014214952A1 (de) 2014-07-30 2014-07-30 Verfahren zur Motorsteuerung eines Synchron-Reluktanzmotors für eine Pumpe und Pumpe mit Synchron-Reluktanzmotor
PCT/EP2015/067380 WO2016016304A1 (fr) 2014-07-30 2015-07-29 Procédé de commande motrice d'un moteur synchrone à réluctance pour une pompe et pompe avec moteur synchrone à réluctance

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3175545A1 EP3175545A1 (fr) 2017-06-07
EP3175545B1 true EP3175545B1 (fr) 2019-10-02

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ID=53765195

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EP15744905.9A Active EP3175545B1 (fr) 2014-07-30 2015-07-29 Procédé de commande de moteur d'une machine électrique à réluctance synchrone pour une pompe avec une machine électrique à réluctance synchrone

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US10033320B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3175545B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2017523757A (fr)
CN (1) CN106537763A (fr)
BR (1) BR112017001752B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014214952A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016016304A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022271854A1 (fr) * 2021-06-22 2022-12-29 Nidec Motor Corporation Système de moteur à réluctance synchrone d'entraînement à fréquence variable à commande de volts par hertz

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN106537763A (zh) 2017-03-22
DE102014214952A1 (de) 2016-02-04
US10033320B2 (en) 2018-07-24
BR112017001752A2 (pt) 2018-02-14
WO2016016304A1 (fr) 2016-02-04
JP2017523757A (ja) 2017-08-17
US20170214352A1 (en) 2017-07-27
BR112017001752B1 (pt) 2022-07-19
EP3175545A1 (fr) 2017-06-07
BR112017001752A8 (pt) 2018-07-31

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