EP3173698B1 - Amortisseur de vibrations adaptatif - Google Patents

Amortisseur de vibrations adaptatif Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3173698B1
EP3173698B1 EP16197252.6A EP16197252A EP3173698B1 EP 3173698 B1 EP3173698 B1 EP 3173698B1 EP 16197252 A EP16197252 A EP 16197252A EP 3173698 B1 EP3173698 B1 EP 3173698B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
volume
helmholtz resonator
gas guide
resonator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16197252.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
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EP3173698A1 (fr
Inventor
Richard Richard Fischbuch
Lars Thum
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
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Vaillant GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3173698A1 publication Critical patent/EP3173698A1/fr
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Publication of EP3173698B1 publication Critical patent/EP3173698B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M20/00—Details of combustion chambers, not otherwise provided for, e.g. means for storing heat from flames
    • F23M20/005—Noise absorbing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2210/00—Noise abatement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
    • F23N2005/181—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
    • F23N2005/185—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/04—Memory
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an adaptive vibration damper.
  • the phenomenon is in DE 102004013584 A1 and the VDI progress report no. 364 of the series 6 for energy technology.
  • Self-excited vibration (SES) triggers interactions between the temporal release of the flame and the combustion chamber acoustics.
  • Condition for the emergence of the described phenomenon is the temporal power release of the flame at the time of a positive sound pressure amplitude (Rayleigh criterion). Remedies are off DE 19730254 C2 known.
  • the problem is usually solved by designing the geometry of the air and fuel gas-air mixture-carrying parts so that the system acoustically is detuned and therefore as possible no self-excited vibrations occur.
  • additional components are used in the air or exhaust gas path, which have the function to detune the system and thus to prevent or dampen self-excited vibrations.
  • intake pipes which increase the pressure loss upstream of the flame or a Helmholtz resonator are used.
  • Helmholtz resonator Depending on the geometrical characteristics of the Helmholtz resonator, it has a certain natural frequency at which it acts. Vibrations of the combustion system are damped or completely prevented.
  • Another possibility is to change the excess air or the heat load in an electronic fuel gas-air composite when vibrations occur.
  • the object of the invention is a device and a method for operating the same, with which self-excited vibrations can be turned off in vollvormischenden combustion systems.
  • the invention is preferably used in electronic fuel gas / air systems in which a mass flow sensor measuring a pressure difference between airway and fuel gas path is used.
  • Self-excited vibrations can not only be detected with the aid of the mass flow sensor, but can also be determined at a sufficiently high sampling rate with respect to the frequency of the oscillation.
  • the measured sensor signal is converted into the frequency domain.
  • the invention also relates to a Helmholtz resonator which can be adapted in terms of its frequency of action.
  • the frequency at which a Helmholtz resonator acts is defined by its geometric dimensioning. Influencing factors are, on the one hand, the damping volume in the actual body, and, on the other hand, the oscillating volume in the connection channel.
  • the change in a side length of the Helmholtz resonator can be adjusted by the position the bottom of the cylinder along the symmetry axis by means of suitable electromechanics (eg Stellmotor) can be changed. From the determined Frequency of the oscillation occurred, the required side length of the cylinder is calculated and changed so that adjusts this page length.
  • suitable electromechanics eg Stellmotor
  • the invention protects a control system that uses a sensor to determine the frequency of a self-excited oscillation and adjusts an adaptive Helmholtz resonator so that the oscillation is turned off.
  • the system requires a gas control valve, a controllable blower and a burner.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cylindrical Helmholtz resonator 2 with two cylindrical volumes.
  • the first cylindrical Helmholz resonator volume 17 has a length l 1 and a radius r 1 .
  • the first cylindrical Helmholz resonator volume 17 is open on both sides and opens on one side in the second cylindrical Helmholz resonator volume 18, which has a length l 2 and a radius r 2 .
  • f 0 c 2 ⁇ A 1 V 2 l 1 + 2 ⁇ ⁇ l 1
  • c is the speed of sound
  • V2 r 2 2 * ⁇ * l 2
  • 2 * ⁇ l 1 the orifice correction here: ⁇ l 1 ⁇ ⁇ 4 ⁇ r 1 ).
  • FIG. 2 shows a combustion system according to the invention with a burner 11 and a blower 10 in a fresh gas guide 14.
  • the blower 10 sucks combustion air and supplies it to the burner 11.
  • a fuel gas duct 15 opens into a venturi 3 in the fresh gas duct 14, in which a fuel gas control valve 9 is arranged in front of the mouth.
  • a mass flow sensor 1 is arranged between the fuel gas guide 15 and the fresh gas guide 14 and serves to adapt the fuel gas-air mixture.
  • Upstream of the Venturi 3 is an off FIG. 1 known cylindrical Helmholtz resonator 2 connected to the fresh gas guide 14. The connection of the Helmholtz resonator 2 must take place at a previously determined active site / active position.
  • the Helmholtz resonator 2 has a displaceable resonator cylinder 4 in the second cylindrical Helmholz resonator volume 18, so that its volume can be continuously adjusted.
  • a linear stepping motor 5 which can move via a drive shaft 6 in the form of a threaded rod and an internal thread 7 in the resonator cylinder 4 latter.
  • An ultrasonic or Laserwegmesser 8 serves to detect the current length of the second cylindrical Helmholz resonator volume 18.
  • the resonator 4 closes gas-tight to the side walls of the second cylindrical Helmholz resonator volume 18 from. The necessary seal can be performed for example as a lip seal or ring seal.
  • a controller 16 is connected to the blower 10, the fuel gas control valve 9, the mass flow sensor 1, the linear stepping motor 5 and the ultrasonic or Laserwegmesser 8.
  • N values of the sensor signal are recorded at a sampling rate f.
  • the sampling rate must be twice as high as the expected maximum frequency.
  • the number N of the values must correspond to a power of two.
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • the frequency with the highest deflection is set as the frequency of the self-excited oscillation and further processed. Subsequently, the required height of the resonator cylinder is determined from this determined frequency of the combustion oscillation.
  • f 0 c 2 ⁇ A 1 V 2 l 1 + 2 ⁇ ⁇ l 1
  • the controller 16 controls the linear stepper motor 5 such that the resonator cylinder 4 is shifted to the target position until the second cylindrical Helmholtz resonator volume 18 has this calculated length l 2 .
  • the ultrasonic or Laserwegmesser 8 serves the control 16 for control. Alternatively, starting from a stop position, a previously calculated number of steps can be moved. This results from the required path, the pitch of the thread and the number of steps per revolution of the motor.
  • an incremental encoder can be used to determine the position of the stepper motor and thus the height of the cylinder. This step losses can be compensated.
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment.
  • the Helmholtz resonator 2 is arranged between the blower 10 and burner 11.
  • a motor 12, which is connected to the control 16, moves via a threaded rod 13 the resonator cylinder 4 within the second cylindrical Helmholz resonator volume 18.
  • the threaded rod 13 is connected to the resonator cylinder 4 rigid or via a movable bearing.
  • a determination of the length of the second cylindrical Helmholz resonator volume 18 can be dispensed with by starting from an extreme position of the resonator cylinder 4 while the combustion oscillations occur, which is still detected by the mass flow sensor 1, in the direction of the other extreme position is until the self-excited combustion oscillations are turned off, and thus the correct side length is reached.
  • the vehicle will first be moved back to the start position, in order to continue to move until the correct height of the cylinder is reached.
  • the necessary position is determined from the mass flow sensor signal as described above. Then the calculated position is approached to a defined distance, and then slowly continue to move until the vibrations are turned off.
  • a critical frequency is known even before the start of the incineration plant, it can be stored in the memory and the corresponding size of the Helmholtz resonator can already be set before the start of the burner in order to prevent the vibrations from occurring.
  • the setting of the Helmholtz resonator remains after switching off the incinerator in the last set position and is available unchanged at the next start.
  • a system may each have a self-excited swing at two different frequencies.
  • the problem could be solved by using two Helmholtz resonators, which are tuned in their geometric properties to one of the two frequencies.
  • the Helmholtz resonator can be adapted so that it is able to cover both frequencies. If there is more than one frequency in the burner operating range, the control system can always set the resonator to the frequency that has just or previously been measured in the operating point just approached.
  • the frequencies and the operating points are stored in a memory. When changing from one operating point to another, it is read in the memory whether there is another critical frequency to the new operating point than that to which the resonator is currently set. If this is the case, the resonator geometry is already adapted during the modulation as described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Système de combustion avec un brûleur (11), une soufflante (10) pour le transport d'air de combustion et en option de gaz de combustion vers ledit brûleur (11), un guide de gaz frais (14), dans lequel la soufflante (14) est agencée, un guide de gaz de combustion (15), dans lequel une soupape de régulation de gaz (9) est agencée, dans lequel le guide de gaz de combustion (15) débouche dans le guide de gaz frais (14) ou directement dans le brûleur (11), ainsi qu'un résonateur de Helmholtz (2) est relié au guide de gaz frais (14), dans lequel le résonateur de Helmholtz (2) dispose d'un entraînement (4, 5, 6, 7) pour le réglage du volume du résonateur de Helmholtz (2), caractérisé en ce qu'un capteur de débit volumique ou massique (1) est agencé dans le guide de gaz de combustion (15) et/ou guide de gaz frais (14) ou entre le guide de gaz de combustion (15) et guide de gaz frais (14), dans lequel le capteur de débit volumique ou massique (1) est relié à un dispositif de régulation (16) et le dispositif de régulation (16) est relié à l'entraînement (5, 6, 7) pour le réglage du volume du résonateur de Helmholtz (2).
  2. Système de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le résonateur de Helmholtz (2) dispose de moyens de détection d'au moins une grandeur caractéristique du résonateur de Helmholtz (2).
  3. Système de combustion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la soufflante (10) dispose d'un dispositif de détection de vitesse de rotation.
  4. Procédé d'exploitation d'un système de combustion avec un brûleur (11), une soufflante (10) pour le transport d'air de combustion et en option de gaz de combustion vers ledit brûleur (11), un guide de gaz frais (14), dans lequel la soufflante (14) est agencée, un guide de gaz de combustion (15), dans lequel une soupape de régulation de gaz (9) est agencée, dans lequel le guide de gaz de combustion (15) débouche dans le guide de gaz frais (14) ou directement dans le brûleur (11), un capteur de débit volumique ou massique (1) est agencé dans le guide de gaz de combustion (15) et/ou guide de gaz frais (14) et/ou la soufflante (10) dispose d'un dispositif de détection de vitesse de rotation, un résonateur de Helmholtz (2) est relié au guide de gaz frais (14), dans lequel le résonateur de Helmholtz (2) dispose d'un entraînement (4, 5, 6, 7) pour le réglage du volume du résonateur de Helmholtz (2), caractérisé en ce que des oscillations de combustion auto-excitées et en option leur fréquence sont détectées au moyen du capteur de débit volumique ou massique (1) et ensuite le volume du résonateur de Helmholtz (2) est réglé en fonction de la fréquence déterminée et/ou l'entraînement (4, 5, 6, 7) pour le réglage du volume du résonateur de Helmholtz (2) est déplacé jusqu'à ce que les oscillations de combustion auto-excitées cessent.
  5. Procédé d'exploitation d'un système de combustion selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence est déterminée au moyen d'une transformée de Fourier.
  6. Procédé d'exploitation d'un système de combustion selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que lors de l'apparition d'oscillations de combustion auto-excitées, l'entraînement (4, 5, 6, 7) pour le réglage du volume du résonateur de Helmholtz (2) est déplacé continuellement d'une position extrême en direction d'une autre position extrême.
  7. Procédé d'exploitation d'un système de combustion selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement (4, 5, 6, 7) pour le réglage du volume du résonateur de Helmholtz (2) règle d'abord grossièrement le volume calculé et ensuite l'entraînement (4, 5, 6, 7) pour le réglage du volume du résonateur de Helmholtz (2) est déplacé jusqu'à ce que les oscillations de combustion auto-excitées cessent.
  8. Procédé d'exploitation d'un système de combustion selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce que des résultats de procédés de réglage précédents sont enregistrés dans une mémoire et le volume du résonateur de Helmholtz (2) est réglé en conséquence avant l'exploitation du système de combustion.
EP16197252.6A 2015-11-16 2016-11-04 Amortisseur de vibrations adaptatif Active EP3173698B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015222587.9A DE102015222587A1 (de) 2015-11-16 2015-11-16 Adaptiver Schwingungsdämpfer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3173698A1 EP3173698A1 (fr) 2017-05-31
EP3173698B1 true EP3173698B1 (fr) 2019-01-02

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EP (1) EP3173698B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN106705037B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015222587A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2716654T3 (fr)

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CN110857774B (zh) * 2018-08-24 2021-08-20 宁波方太厨具有限公司 一种降噪火排
DE102019119186A1 (de) * 2019-01-29 2020-07-30 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung eines Brenngas-Luft-Gemisches in einem Heizgerät
CN114483219A (zh) * 2020-10-26 2022-05-13 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 减涡器、减涡管及设置减涡管的方法
DE102022107984A1 (de) 2022-04-04 2023-10-05 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Gasregelventil zur elektronischen Druckregelung an einer Gastherme
DE102022116819A1 (de) * 2022-07-06 2024-01-11 Vaillant Gmbh Heizgerät, Verfahren zur Ausrüstung eines Heizgerätes mit einem Rückschlagventil, Schalldämpfer und Verwendung eines Rückschlagventils und einer Steuerleitung

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN106705037A (zh) 2017-05-24
DE102015222587A1 (de) 2017-05-18
CN106705037B (zh) 2020-01-17
EP3173698A1 (fr) 2017-05-31
ES2716654T3 (es) 2019-06-13

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