EP3173239B1 - Verfahren zur überwachung einer strahleinheit - Google Patents

Verfahren zur überwachung einer strahleinheit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3173239B1
EP3173239B1 EP16200094.7A EP16200094A EP3173239B1 EP 3173239 B1 EP3173239 B1 EP 3173239B1 EP 16200094 A EP16200094 A EP 16200094A EP 3173239 B1 EP3173239 B1 EP 3173239B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jetting
receiving medium
dot
physical property
sensor arrangement
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Active
Application number
EP16200094.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3173239A1 (de
Inventor
Mircea V. Rasa
Roel M.P. HEIJNEN
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Canon Production Printing Netherlands BV
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Canon Production Printing Netherlands BV
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3173239A1 publication Critical patent/EP3173239A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/135—Nozzles
    • B41J2/165—Prevention or detection of nozzle clogging, e.g. cleaning, capping or moistening for nozzles
    • B41J2/16579—Detection means therefor, e.g. for nozzle clogging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/21—Ink jet for multi-colour printing
    • B41J2/2132—Print quality control characterised by dot disposition, e.g. for reducing white stripes or banding
    • B41J2/2142—Detection of malfunctioning nozzles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of monitoring a jetting unit in a jetting device in which a droplet of a liquid is jetted out onto a receiving medium, the method comprising a step of measuring a physical property of the droplet of liquid.
  • the invention relates to a method of monitoring the state of jetting nozzles in an ink jet print head.
  • nozzle failures may occur because the ink tends to dry out in the nozzle when the jetting unit is not used for a certain time, so that the nozzle becomes clogged. It is desirable to be able to detect such nozzle failures so that appropriate counter measures may be taken, which may consist for example in moving the print head to a maintenance station where the nozzles are cleaned.
  • the nozzle failure can be detected in real time, it may even be possible to compensate for the nozzle failure. For example, when it is detected that a nozzle has failed and a gap is left at a corresponding pixel position in the printed image, it may be possible to activate another nozzle of the print head in order to fill the gap or at least in order to camouflage the defect. For example, when the print head scans the receiving medium, e.g. a sheet of paper, in a multi-pass mode, and a nozzle failure is detected in a first pass, it is possible to activate another nozzle of the print head in a second pass at suitable timing for replacing a missing dot on the receiving medium.
  • the receiving medium e.g. a sheet of paper
  • US 7 657 093 B2 discloses a check processing device having an ink jet print head for printing characters onto a check with magnetic ink, and a magnetic ink character reader (MICR) for reading the magnetic information from the check.
  • MICR magnetic ink character reader
  • the character reader is capable, in principle, of detecting defects in a printed image and thereby indirectly detecting also nozzle failures, it is not possible to monitor the condition of the jetting units of the ink jet printer in real time because the ink jet printer and the character reader are disposed at different locations in the device.
  • US 7 396 102 B2 discloses a method of monitoring an ink jet print head wherein the droplets ejected from the nozzles are electrically charged, and the electric charge of the droplets is measured when the droplet has left the nozzle and passes through an annular electrode before it hits the receiving medium.
  • This method requires, however, that a sufficient space is available between the nozzle and the surface of the receiving medium.
  • a large distance between the nozzles and the surface of the receiving medium compromises the accuracy with which the droplets can be positioned on the receiving medium.
  • US2015/0273913 discloses a method wherein a test pattern is printed on a substrate and the printed test pattern is scanned with an optical sensor arranged at a side of the substrate opposite to a side where the test pattern is provided.
  • the method requires a special substrate, like a thermal substrate.
  • the physical property is measured at a time and position when and where the droplet settles on a first surface of the receiving medium and forms a dot thereon, the measurement being carried out from a second side of the receiving medium opposite to the side where the dot is formed.
  • the space between the nozzle and the first side of the receiving medium can be made as small as desired. Nevertheless, the measurement can be carried out at the very moment when the droplet is jetted out and settles on the receiving medium and forms the dot. Thus, it is possible to monitor the condition of the jetting unit in real time.
  • the physical property being measured may be a magnetisation of the dot formed by the liquid.
  • the liquid to be jetted out may be a magnetic ink similar to or identical with the magnetic inks that are presently being used in MICR.
  • the ink may contain ferromagnetic micro-particles, e.g. particles of magnetite, which may optionally be encapsulated in a resin coating in order to avoid an adverse effect on the colour of the ink.
  • a magnetic sensor e.g. a planar hall effect (PHE) sensor may be disposed at the back side of the receiving medium for detecting the magnetisation of the dot or rather the magnetic particles dispersed therein by detecting a magnetic field that emanates from the dot of cured or curing liquid and penetrates the receiving medium.
  • PHE planar hall effect
  • one and the same matrix of magnetic sensors may be used for the monitoring method according to the invention and for conventional MICR applications.
  • the ink jet printer it may be advantageous to provide not just one sensor for monitoring a single jetting unit or nozzle, but rather a sensor array comprising two or more sensors for measuring the physical property with a spatial resolution that is higher than the print resolution of the print head.
  • This offers the possibility to detect a larger variety of defects that result from malfunction states of the jetting units. For example, when parts of the nozzle surface in which the nozzle orifices of the jetting units are formed have become wetted with liquid, this may change the direction in which the droplets are jetted out, resulting in a deviation of the position of the dot on the receiving medium from the target position. If the sensor arrangement is capable of detecting such deviations, it is possible to detect defects of this type even when the nozzle does not fail completely.
  • the method according to the invention may be carried out while the print head is busy with printing an image.
  • the method is carried out while the print head is at rest in a home position in the printer.
  • a test procedure may include printing dots onto a test receiving medium and measuring the physical properties of the dots on the test receiving medium. If the test reveals that one or more jetting units of the print head are not functioning properly, a cleaning operation may be initiated before the print head is put to use again.
  • a droplet jetting device suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention has been specified in an independent device claim.
  • a jetting device 10 which forms for example an ink jet print head of an ink jet printer in a combined MICR reader and writer comprises a plurality of jetting units 12 forming a linear array of nozzles 14 for jetting out droplets of liquid ink so as to form ink dots 16 on a first (top) surface 18 of a receiving medium 20.
  • Each jetting unit 12 has a pressure chamber 22 to which liquid ink is supplied from a feed line 24 and which is delimited on one side (the bottom side in this example) by a flexible membrane 26.
  • a piezoelectric actuator 28 is attached to the surface of the membrane 26 outside of the pressure chamber 22 so as to cause the membrane 26 to deform in a bending mode when a voltage is applied to the actuator.
  • One end of the pressure chamber 22 is connected to the nozzle 14.
  • the actuator 28 When the actuator 28 is energized, the deformation of the membrane 26 creates an acoustic pressure wave in the liquid ink in the pressure chamber 22, and the pressure wave propagates to the nozzle 14, so that an ink droplet is jetted out.
  • the pressure chambers 22 of the jetting units 12 are filled with magnetic ink, i.e. a liquid in which ferromagnetic particles have been dispersed.
  • a sensor arrangement 30 forming a matrix of magnetic sensors 32 is disposed at a second (bottom) side of the receiving medium 20 so as to be opposed to the nozzles 14.
  • the sensors 32 are arranged in a row that is aligned with the line of nozzles 14 but with a pitch that is only half the pitch of the nozzles 14, so that only every second sensor 32 is arranged exactly opposite to one of the nozzles 14, whereas the other sensors are disposed half way between the nozzles.
  • two or more further rows of sensors 32 may be provided in parallel with the row that has been shown here, so as to form a regular matrix in which the sensors 32 are arranged in a square grid. This permits to measure the magnetisation of the dots 16 of magnetic ink with a spatial resolution that is twice the printing resolution of the print head.
  • the design and function of the sensors 32 will now be explained in conjunction with Fig. 2 , where two of the sensors 32 have been shown on a larger scale.
  • the sensors 32 are PHE sensors and each have a sensitive layer 34 capable of sensing a magnetic field H that has a component in the plane of the layer 34 which is parallel to the receiving medium 20.
  • the magnetising field H 0 is approximately a dipole field one lobe of which penetrates the receiving medium 20 and is oriented parallel to the top surface of the receiving medium 20 at the position where an ink dot 16 is to be formed.
  • the ink dot 16 has only been shown in phantom lines, indicating that no dot has actually been formed. Consequently, the magnetising field H 0 is not disturbed. However, when a dot 16 is formed, magnetic particles 40 that are dispersed in the ink will be magnetised by the magnetising field H 0 , and the ink dot 16 will itself become a magnet. This has been shown in the right part of Fig. 2 . Thus, the dot 16 becomes itself the source of a magnetic field H i which penetrates the receiving medium 20 and is detectable in the sensitive layer 34 of the sensor 32.
  • the magnetic field H i superposes the magnetising field H 0 and, as shown, is oriented to be opposite to the magnetising field in the sensitive layer 34.
  • the total magnetic field that is detected by the sensor 32 is weakened when the dot 16 is present, and this weakening of the magnetic field is reflected in an electronic sensing signal that is output by the sensor 32.
  • the permanent magnets 36 and 38 may be replaced by two pairs of permanent magnets with opposite polarities, so that a magnetising field H 0 would still be generated at the position of the ink dot 16 but the magnetising field would be approximately zero in the sensitive layer 34, which permits a higher sensitivity in the detection of the ink dot 16.
  • each sensor 32 has its own permanent magnets 36, 38 for generating the magnetising field H 0 .
  • permanent magnets may be arranged to create a substantially homogenous magnetising field H 0 extending over the entire area of the sensor arrangement 30.
  • electromagnetic coils may also be provided for generating the magnetising field H 0 .
  • Fig. 3 shows, in a plan view, another possible arrangement of magnetic sensors 32 along with a row of ink dots 16 which have been printed with the line of nozzles 14. Target positions of the ink dots 16 have been designated by letters a to I.
  • each target position is surrounded by four sensors 32 in the configuration of a square, but two adjacent target positions share a common pair of sensors 32.
  • the two sensors 32 that are located between the target positions a and b shall be labelled as “a1” and “a2”.
  • the sensors between the target positions b and c shall be labelled as “b1” and “b2", and so on.
  • a1 and a2 are indicated in Fig. 3 .
  • Fig. 3 also shows curves Ha - Hl which represent the measured magnetic field H i ( Fig. 2 ) as a function of time t. All curves Ha - Hl show a sudden rise at a time t0 which is the time when the ink droplet hits the top surface of the receiving medium 20 and settles there to form the dot 16. Then, the curve reaches a certain peak value and then decays gradually because the receiving medium 20 will be moved relative to the sensors 32.
  • the jetting device 10 is a stationary page-wide print head and the receiving medium 20 is moved relative to the stationary sensors 32 along a transport path in the direction y in Fig. 1 , 3 and 4 .
  • the ink dots 16 have hit the receiving medium exactly at the required target positions and the dots have the required size, i.e. the ink droplets had exactly the required volume. Consequently, the curve Ha, as measured with the sensors a1 and a2 between these target positions, reaches a peak value that corresponds to a target value Ht.
  • the target position d As for the target position d, an ink dot has been formed at the correct position so that the curve Hd reaches (almost) the target value. However, in the next target position e, a slight aberration of the ink droplet has occurred, so that the dot 16 is shifted somewhat towards the next target position f and, consequently, is at a larger distance from the sensor with the label d2. This is the reason why the curve Hd does not quite reach the target value. In contrast, the curve He exceeds the target value, because the dot 16 is closer to the sensor labelled e2.
  • the curve Hf for the next target position f has approximately the normal shape, indicating that the dot has been formed and is in the correct position.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates yet another example of a sensor arrangement.
  • each of the nozzles 14 ( Fig. 1 ) and, consequently, each target position for the ink dots is associated with an internal sensor 32i which has a circular foot print, and an external sensor 32e having an annular foot print and surrounding the internal sensor 32i.
  • the ink dot 16 has been formed exactly at the correct position and in the correct size. Consequently, a curve Hai representing the magnetic field measured with the internal sensor 32i (the second letter "a" being the label of the target position) has a peak value corresponding to a first target value Hti. Similarly, a curve Hae for the external sensor 32e has a peak value corresponding to a (lower) second target value Hte.
  • the ink dot 16 has the same aberration as in Fig. 3 , and the curve Hdi for the internal sensor is slightly below the target value Hti.
  • the dot 16 now overlaps with the annular foot print of the external sensor 32e, the corresponding curve Hde is above the target value Hte.
  • Curves Hgi and Hge with the same shapes are found also for the target position g because this sensor arrangement is not sensitive to the direction of the aberration.
  • the beading has resulted in curves Hii and Hie below their target values, whereas curves Hki and Hke for the target position k (centre of the bead 16') exceed their target values.
  • Fig. 5 shows an example of a jetting device 42 configured as an ink jet printer wherein a print head 44 (having the jetting units 12 and the nozzles 14 in the bottom face) is mounted on a carriage 46 that is arranged to move along guide rails 48 across a transport path 50 for recording media 52.
  • the transport path 50 is constituted for example by an endless conveyer belt 54 that is passed around conveyer rollers 56 and moves over a platen 58 disposed underneath a portion of the guide rails 48 that constitutes a printing zone 60.
  • a cleaning station 62 for cleaning the print head 44 is formed at an opposite end of the guide rails 48.
  • the cleaning station 62 comprises a cleaning device 64 for cleaning a nozzle face of the print head 44 as well as a collecting tank 66 arranged to collect cleaning liquid and/or ink that is jetted out from the nozzles of the print head 14 in order to scavenge the nozzles.
  • a portion of the guide rails 48 intervening between the printing zone 60 and the cleaning station 62 constitutes a test zone 68 where the jetting units of the print head may be tested.
  • another transport path 70 is formed by a number of conveyer rollers 72 arranged to advance a receiving medium 74 over a stationary magnetic sensor arrangement 76 of any of the types that have been described in conjunction with Figs. 1 to 4 .
  • Fig. 5 the carriage 46 is shown in a home position within the test zone 68.
  • the receiving medium 74 is a test receiving medium on which a test pattern can be printed by appropriately actuating the print head 44 in the home position.
  • the distance between the nozzle face of the print head 44 and the receiving medium 74 at the test station is the same as the distance between the print head and the recording sheet 52 in the printing zone.
  • the sensor arrangement 76 is capable of capturing the test pattern and of identifying any possible nozzle failures in the same way as has been described in conjunction with Figs. 3 and 4 .
  • a test may be performed whenever the print head 44 is in the home position, and when no inacceptable nozzle failures are detected, the printer is ready for printing. On the other hand, when substantial nozzle failures are detected, the carriage 46 is moved into the cleaning station 62 for cleaning the print head. When the cleaning operation has been completed, the carriage 46 is moved back to the test zone 68 where the result of the cleaning operation may be checked.
  • the sensor arrangement 46 extends over the entire width of the print head 44 when the same is held in the test station.
  • the sensor arrangement 76 may extend only over a narrow portion of the print head 44, and the tests may be performed by moving the carriage 46 so as to move the print head 44 over the sensor arrangement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Strahleinheit (12) in einer Strahlvorrichtung (10; 42), in der ein Tröpfchen einer Flüssigkeit auf ein Empfangsmedium (20; 74) ausgestoßen wird, welches Verfahren einen Schritt der Messung einer physikalischen Eigenschaft des Tröpfchens der Flüssigkeit aufweist, wobei die physikalische Eigenschaft zu einer Zeit und an einer Position gemessen wird, wo das Tröpfchen sich auf einer ersten Oberfläche (18) des Empfangsmediums (20; 74) niederschlägt und darauf einen Punkt (16) bildet, wobei die Messung von einer zweiten Seite des Empfangsmediums (20, 74) her ausgeführt wird, die der Seite entgegengesetzt ist, auf welcher der Punkt (16) gebildet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ausgestoßene Flüssigkeit eine magnetische Flüssigkeit ist und die gemessene physikalische Eigenschaft eine Magnetisierung des Punktes auf dem Empfangsmedium (20; 74) ist.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem eine Änderung in der physikalischen Eigenschaft zu einer Zeit (t0) gemessen wird, wenn der Punkt (16) auf der ersten Oberfläche (18) des Empfangsmediums (20; 74) gebildet wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, bei dem ein Fehler einer Strahleinheit (12) detektiert wird, wenn die Strahleinheit aktiviert worden ist und innerhalb eines bestimmten Zeitintervalls, nachdem die Strahleinheit aktiviert worden ist, keine Änderung in der physikalischen Eigenschaft gemessen wird.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, bei dem eine räumliche Verteilung der physikalischen Eigenschaft von Punkten (16) auf dem Empfangsmedium (20; 74) in Bezug auf Positionen einer Vielzahl von Strahleinheiten (12) gemessen wird, mit denen die Punkte (16) gebildet worden sind.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüchen, bei dem das Empfangsmedium (20; 74) relativ zu einer stationären Sensoranordnung (30, 76) bewegt wird, mit der die physikalisch Eigenschaft des Punktes (16) gemessen wird.
  6. Strahlvorrichtung (10; 42) mit:
    - einer Strahleinheit (12) zum Ausstoßen eines Tröpfchens einer magnetischen Flüssigkeit auf eine erste Seite (18) eines Empfangsmediums (20; 74);
    - einem Transportpfad (70) für das Empfangsmedium (74); und
    - einer Sensoranordnung (30; 76) zur Messung einer physikalischen Eigenschaft eines Punktes (16), der durch das Tröpfchen aus Flüssigkeit gebildet wird, wenn sich das Tröpfchen auf dem Empfangsmedium (20; 74) niedergeschlagen hat, wobei die physikalische Eigenschaft eine Magnetisierung des Punktes (16) auf dem Empfangsmedium (20; 74) ist,
    wobei die Sensoranordnung (30; 76) an dem Transportpfad (70) in einer Position gegenüberliegend zu der Strahleinheit (12) und auf einer Seite des Transportpfades angeordnet ist, die von der Strahleinheit abgewandt ist.
  7. Strahlvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, mit einer Vielzahl von Strahleinheiten (12), bei der die Sensoranordnung (30) eine Vielzahl von Sensoren (32) zur Messung der physikalischen Eigenschaft einer Vielzahl von Punkten (16) aufweist, die von den Strahleinheiten (12) erzeugt wurden.
  8. Strahlvorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, bei der die Strahleinheiten (12) einen Druckkopf (44) bilden, der dazu eingerichtet ist, ein Bild mit einer bestimmten Druckauflösung auf das Empfangsmedium (20; 74) zu drucken, und die Sensoren (32) dazu eingerichtet sind, die physikalische Eigenschaft mit einer räumlichen Auflösung zu messen, die höher ist als die Druckauflösung.
  9. Strahlvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, bei der die Strahleinheiten (12) und die Sensoranordnung (30) stationär relativ zueinander gehalten sind.
  10. Strahlvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, bei der die Strahleinheiten (12) auf einem Wagen (46) montiert sind, der relativ zu der Sensoranordnung (76) beweglich ist.
  11. Strahlvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10, bei die Sensoranordnung einen Halleffekt-Sensor aufweist.
EP16200094.7A 2015-11-27 2016-11-22 Verfahren zur überwachung einer strahleinheit Active EP3173239B1 (de)

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EP15196828 2015-11-27

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EP3173239B1 true EP3173239B1 (de) 2021-01-06

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Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7396102B2 (en) 2004-02-19 2008-07-08 Seiko Epson Corporation Method for inspecting liquid ejection, apparatus for inspecting liquid ejection, liquid ejecting apparatus, inkjet printer, and computer-readable medium
JP2006126956A (ja) 2004-10-26 2006-05-18 Seiko Epson Corp 文字認識装置及び方法
CN104070861B (zh) * 2013-03-26 2016-10-12 精工爱普生株式会社 图像处理装置以及图像处理装置的漏点检测方法
JP6232861B2 (ja) * 2013-09-04 2017-11-22 株式会社リコー 画像形成装置及び吐出検知装置
US9302518B2 (en) * 2014-03-31 2016-04-05 Xerox Corporation System for detecting inoperative inkjets in three-dimensional object printing using an optical sensor and reversible thermal substrates

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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