EP3172429B1 - Fuel injector - Google Patents

Fuel injector Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3172429B1
EP3172429B1 EP15736450.6A EP15736450A EP3172429B1 EP 3172429 B1 EP3172429 B1 EP 3172429B1 EP 15736450 A EP15736450 A EP 15736450A EP 3172429 B1 EP3172429 B1 EP 3172429B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
needle
injector
valve body
control chamber
electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15736450.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3172429A1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Legrand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delphi International Operations Luxembourg SARL
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Delphi International Operations Luxembourg SARL
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Priority to EP18152426.5A priority Critical patent/EP3346124B1/en
Publication of EP3172429A1 publication Critical patent/EP3172429A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3172429B1 publication Critical patent/EP3172429B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
    • F02M65/005—Measuring or detecting injection-valve lift, e.g. to determine injection timing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/005—Arrangement of electrical wires and connections, e.g. wire harness, sockets, plugs; Arrangement of electronic control circuits in or on fuel injection apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector provided with a device for detecting the position of the needle.
  • a fuel injector conventionally comprises a needle controlled opening and closing depending on the pressure in a control chamber, which pressure is a function of the position of a control solenoid valve. These small displacements are carried out at high speed and, the regularly increased performances now require for an optimal control a feedback as to the real position of the needle.
  • Devices are known in which a sensor is arranged on the injector or an injector in which the surfaces of the components of the body are electrically insulated so that a measurement of electrical resistance can be made between two elements of the body of the injector as described in the document DE102004015745 A1 . These complex and expensive devices have not yet proven their industrial realism and should be offered a simple and effective device.
  • the present invention proposes to solve at least partially these problems by proposing a fuel injector comprising an injector body in which are arranged a movable needle between a fully open position and a closed position and a spring constantly urging the needle to the closed position, the injector being arranged so that in use the injector body is in electrical contact with the electrical ground.
  • the injector is further provided with a device for locating the position of the needle in which an electrical circuit is closed when the needle is in the fully open position and also when the needle is in the closed position. The needle is then in electrical contact with the mass, the circuit being open in any other intermediate position of the needle, the needle not being grounded.
  • the circuit comprises the injector body, the needle and the spring and an electrical connection extending from the spring to an end outside the injector, such as a terminal of a connector.
  • an electrical measurement can be made between said outer end and the ground.
  • the injector includes, inter alia, a nozzle and a control valve, the nozzle itself including a nozzle body, a top guide and a bottom guide, a valve body seat, and pilot holes. injection.
  • the nozzle also includes the needle which extends between a first end provided with a needle seat and a second end forming the head of the needle, the needle being slidably arranged between the top guide and the bottom guide and able to move between the closed position in which the needle seat is in contact with the valve body seat, the fuel injection being prevented and, the fully open position in which the needle seat is moved away from the seat of valve body the injection being possible.
  • the nozzle also comprises the compressed metal spring between a support surface integral with the nozzle body and a shoulder of the needle.
  • the control valve comprises a valve body arranged fixed on the nozzle body so as to define together a control chamber in which the head of the needle is located, the movements of the needle being a function of the pressure variations in the nozzle. control chamber so that in the fully open position, the top of the needle head is in contact with a wall of the control chamber, said wall forming the ceiling of the control chamber.
  • the injector body includes, inter alia, the nozzle body and the valve body.
  • the device for locating the position of the needle makes it possible to generate a variable electrical signal representative of the position of the needle.
  • the device comprises electrical isolation of the surfaces of the needle, or surfaces of the injector body, which may be in contact with each other, except for the needle seat and the body seat valve, the top of the needle head and the ceiling of the control chamber and, the shoulder support of the spring on the needle.
  • the other spring support face, bearing surface integral with the nozzle body is electrically insulated.
  • the invention consists in that the high guide is integrated in the nozzle body, the interface between the nozzle body and the valve body being plane.
  • the electrical circuit further includes a flat disk-shaped member arranged between the nozzle body and the valve body.
  • the disc is provided with an opening arranged just above the control chamber, the opening being slightly smaller than the control chamber so that the disc penetrates slightly into the control chamber and extends to the periphery. from the ceiling of the control room.
  • the disk is formed of a metal disc provided on its two opposite faces with an electrical insulating coating except for the periphery of the opening located at the periphery of the ceiling surface without insulation against which the spring is supported.
  • the insulating coating can be obtained via the deposition of a layer of material or via a suitable surface treatment
  • the planar disk is provided with positioning apertures and protuberances extending perpendicularly to the plane of the disk from the periphery of said positioning apertures so as to complementably fit into blind positioning holes provided in the valve body and in the nozzle body.
  • the protuberances are obtained by folding at right angles cut portions of the disk.
  • the disk may be flat and centering means, such as pins, may be reported on the disk.
  • the electrical connection further comprises an intermediate connection link passing through a sealed conduit passing through the valve body.
  • the connection link extends from an end connected to the metal disk to said outer end, for example a terminal of a connector.
  • the high guide is an independent piece arranged fixed between the nozzle body and the valve body, the spring is compressed between a bearing face integrated with the needle and a face. solidarity support of the high guide.
  • the electrical connection includes an annular disc interposed between the spring and the high guide, the interface between the annular disk and the top guide being electrically insulated, the needle passing through a central opening of the annular disk.
  • the top guide is then provided with a conduit passing through it, a connecting lug being shaped to extend from the annular disk into said conduit.
  • the electrical connection includes an intermediate connection link extending through an electrically insulated and sealed conduit extending through the valve body to an end connected to the annular disc.
  • the electrical resistance between the needle and the ground is less than 1kOhms when the circuit is closed and is greater than 100 kOhms, or 400 kOhms, when the circuit is open.
  • the important thing is that there is a big difference between the open circuit and closed circuit resistance values so that the discrimination is easy.
  • FIG. 1 a first embodiment of the invention relating to a fuel injector 10, here a diesel injector although the invention is fully transferable to a fuel injector or other fuel, the injector 10 generally an injection system 12 comprising several injectors 10.
  • the description will detail the elements of the invention and will remain more succinct and general as to the surrounding elements.
  • the injector 10 extends along a main axis A and comprises, from the bottom upwards, according to the conventional and nonlimiting direction of the figures, a nozzle 14 comprising a needle 16 arranged in a nozzle body 18 and then a control valve 20 arranged in a valve body 22 and an actuator 24 arranged in an actuator body 26.
  • the nozzle bodies 18, valve body 22 and actuator body 26 are held integral with one another by an injector nut. 28 which bears on a shoulder of the nozzle body 18 and is screwed on the actuator body 26, the valve body 22 being sandwiched between the two other bodies, the three bodies and the nut forming the body of the injector 29.
  • the nozzle body 18 comprises an inner axial bore extending from an upper end, where it widens slightly in a deep counterbore to define in part a control chamber 32, to a low end 34 closing in a point so as to form a tapered valve body seat 36 for controlling access of fuel to injection holes 38 extending through the conical wall of the nozzle body 18.
  • the bore 30 forms a high cylindrical guide 40 and a low cylindrical guide 42 between which the needle 16 is arranged axially sliding.
  • the terms "high” and "low” are used here not only in reference to the orientation of the figure, but also in reference to the usual name given to these elements by professionals.
  • the needle 16 is generally cylindrical and extends axially A between a needle head 44, at the top of the figure, and a pointed end 46, at the bottom of the figure, forming a needle seat 48 cooperating with the seat of valve body 36 of the body 18.
  • the needle head 44 opens into the control chamber 32.
  • the head 44 has a diameter d44, smaller than the rest of the needle 16, and extends upwardly from a shoulder 50 to a surface of top of head 52.
  • the body of the control valve 22 is conventionally arranged above the nozzle body 18 so that the lower face 54 of the valve body forms in its central part the ceiling 56 of the control chamber 32.
  • a metal spring 58 bears against the shoulder 50 of the needle so as to permanently urge the needle 16 towards a closed position PF in which the needle seat 48 is in contact sealed against the valve body seat 36 of the body.
  • the valve body 22 is, moreover, conventionally provided with a bore 60 opening on a wide space 62, a magnetic armature assembly and valve stem 64 being conventionally slidably mounted in the bore 60, said assembly 64 having generally the shape a T, the upper bar representing a magnetic armature and the vertical leg representing a valve stem.
  • valve body 22 Parallel to the bore 60, the valve body 22 is traversed from one side by a conduit 66 opening shown to the right in the section of the figure 3 although, as will be explained further the conduit could be made at another location of the valve body 22, provided it opens through.
  • the actuator body 26 conventionally arranged above the control valve 20 is provided with a complementary conduit 68 arranged to align with the opening conduit 66 of the valve body and to extend to a connector 70 arranged at the top of the actuator body 26.
  • the injector 10 is moreover conventionally provided with a circulation circuit 72 of the fuel which on the one hand allows the supply of the high pressure fuel via a high pressure circuit 74, brought from an inlet mouth to the d injection 38 and, on the other hand, recirculation of fuel to a low pressure tank via a low pressure circuit 76.
  • the high pressure circuit 74 comprises in particular a bypass channel 78 leading to the control chamber 32, chamber 32 where the low-pressure circuit 76 is restarted via an evacuation channel 80 controlled in opening and closing by the control valve 20.
  • the actuator 24 When the actuator 24, typically an electromagnet, is electrically powered, it attracts the magnetic armature 64 which opens the evacuation channel 80 and allows the trapped fuel of the control chamber 32 to evacuate to the low pressure circuit 76.
  • the pressure in the control chamber 36 then drops and the needle 16 moves in the bore 30 of the nozzle body 18 to a fully open position PO in which the needle seat 48 is moved away from the body seat. valve 36, so as to allow the injection of fuel via the injection holes 38, and wherein, the top 52 of the needle head is in contact with the ceiling surface 56 of the control chamber 32.
  • the magnetic armature assembly and valve stem 64 is pushed by a valve spring to a position in which the exhaust channel 80 is closed which holds in the control chamber 32 the high pressure fuel that arrives there.
  • the pressure in the control chamber 32 then rises and, the needle 16, pushed back by the spring 58 and by the pressure in the control chamber 32 moves towards the closed position PF in which the needle seat 48 is in position. sealing contact against the valve body seat 36, so as to prohibit the injection of fuel and wherein, the top 52 of the needle head is remote from the ceiling surface 58 of the control chamber.
  • the injector 10 further comprises a device 82 for identifying the extreme positions of the needle.
  • the device 82 is an electrical circuit 84 making it possible to carry out an electrical measurement ME between a lug 86 of the connector and the mass M to which the nozzle body 18, the valve body 22, the actuator body 26 and the injector nut 28.
  • the electrical circuit 84 comprises an electrical connection 88 which extends from the lug 86 to the spring 58, then the spring 58 itself, then the needle 16 to the needle seat 48 and finally the nozzle body 18 from the valve body seat 36 to the ground M.
  • the electrical circuit 84 comprises the electrical connection 88 of the lug 84 to the spring 58, then the spring 58 itself, then the needle 16 to its top 52 of the head, then the valve body 22 from the ceiling 56 from the control chamber to the mass M.
  • An injection cycle includes not only a main opening in which the needle 16 traverses the entire displacement between the two extreme positions, but also short openings during which the needle 16 leaves the closed position PF but n does not reach the fully open position PO and stops at an intermediate position Pi, said ballistic position.
  • the needle seat 48 is away from the valve body seat 36 and the top 52 of the needle head is away from the ceiling 56 of the control chamber so that the electrical circuit 84 is open.
  • the electrical measurement ME performed is then different from that performed when the circuit 84 is closed.
  • the electrical measurement made is related to the electrical control of the actuator.
  • the circuit 84 when the circuit 84 is closed, if the actuator is electrically powered then the needle is in fully open position PO and if the actuator is not powered, the needle 16 is in the closed position PF and, if the actuator is electrically powered only to control a short opening, then the circuit 84 initially closed, opens when the needle leaves the closed position PF and then the circuit 84 closes again which indicates that the needle 16 has returned to the closed position PF without opening fully.
  • the injector 10 is schematized according to an electrical circuit 84 comprising, between the lug 86 and the mass M, the needle 16 schematically as a switch in parallel which is placed an insulation resistance Ri.
  • the insulation resistance Ri has a value typically greater than 100 kOhms so that in the closed position PF the electrical resistance of the circuit 84 is zero and, in the open position PO, the electrical resistance of the circuit 84 is worth the insulation resistance Ri.
  • the injector 10 is connected to an ECU computer comprising a fixed electrical resistance Re, much lower than the insulation resistance Ri, it may for example be chosen a fixed resistor Re whose value is between 10 and 50 kOhms for example 20 kOhms, two other electrical resistors R1, R2, and a voltage comparator.
  • the comparator terminals of the voltage comparator arrive firstly a first reference voltage whose level is a function of the combination of the two other electrical resistors R1, R2, and secondly, a second voltage varying according to the open or closed state of the circuit 84.
  • the comparator terminal is also connected to the terminal 86 of the injector 10.
  • this terminal receives a zero voltage because it is connected to the ground M and, in the open position PO, the same terminal receives a non-zero voltage and greater than the reference electrical voltage. .
  • the change thus perceived by the voltage comparator informs of the position of the needle 16.
  • the electrical circuit 84 comprises on the one hand the electrical insulation of the surfaces of the needle 16 likely to be in contact with the nozzle body 18.
  • the surfaces S1 and S2 guided respectively in the top 40 and bottom guides 42 are coated with an insulating surface coating Rie.
  • insulating surface coating Rie Among the known deposits are aluminum nitride, aluminum oxide, amorphous carbon "DLC", there are also plastic materials with high mechanical properties, alternatively electrical insulation of the surfaces can be achieved by methods surface oxidation or surface nitriding. Additional sleeves arranged around the needle, or in the injector body, may also be envisaged.
  • the needle seat 48, the top 52 of the head and the shoulder 50 against which the spring 58 rests remain electrically conductive and devoid of an insulating coating Rie, but these surfaces may have other surface coatings both They are electrically conductive.
  • the insulating coating Rie coats the corresponding surfaces of the nozzle body 18, including the top 40 and bottom 42 guides, or even the surfaces of the nozzle body and the surfaces of the needle. In this case, the deposit, it will sometimes be preferred the arrangement of insulating sleeves reported in the bores.
  • the electrical connection 88 of the electrical circuit 84 comprises a high link 90 which extends through the actuator body 26 into the complementary conduit 68 and, through the valve body 22 into the emerging conduit 66, then a disc-shaped member 92 arranged between the valve body 22 and the nozzle body 18.
  • the disc 92 is provided with an opening 94 arranged just above the control chamber 32, the opening 94 being central in the example of the figure 3 .
  • the opening 94 is slightly smaller than the control chamber 32 so that the disk extends towards the inside of the control chamber, around the ceiling 56.
  • This peripheral extension 96 is sufficient for its lower face 98 to serve as a face resting the spring 58 which is compressed between the bearing face 98 and the shoulder 50 of the needle.
  • the opening 94 is sufficiently wide that, in the fully open position PO of the needle 16, the head 44 can pass through the opening 90 without touching its edge and coming into contact with the ceiling 56 of the control room 32.
  • the disc 92 is a metal disc whose two opposite faces are electrically insulated with the exception of the bearing face 98 of the spring and of course the connection with the high link 90 which remain electrically conductive.
  • the opposite faces of the disk 92 may be electrically conductive but in this case are the faces of the valve body and the nozzle body in contact with the disk 92 which must be electrically insulated.
  • the disk 92 is provided with other complementary openings in particular not to close the high pressure circuit 74 leading to the control chamber 32 or to the injection holes 38. It is possible to distinguish the openings necessary for the fuel circulation circuits as well as two symmetrical openings 120 for positioning the nozzle body 18 with respect to the valve body 22. It is known to precisely position the valve body and the nozzle body by means of centering pins. This solution can be extended in the context of the present invention, the pins passing through said positioning openings 120 to be arranged in the nozzle body and in the valve body in complementary blind bores. These pins must then be electrically isolated from the disk 92. However, as shown in FIG.
  • the side walls of the control chamber can be electrically insulated so as not to risk creating a short circuit between an intermediate coil of the spring 58 and said wall.
  • the principle of the example is identical to that of the first mode, however, the example is distinguished mainly by the very structure of the injector 10 in which the top guide 40 is an independent piece 100 arranged between the nozzle body 18 and the valve body 22 and held fixed by the compression exerted by the injector nut 28.
  • the high guide 100 guides the needle head 44 through a guide bore 102 and, in combination with the body of the valve 22, said guide bore 102 defines the control chamber 32.
  • the bottom guide 42 is close to the needle seats 48 and the valve seat 36, and the electrically insulated surfaces are, in the nonlimiting example chosen, limited to the guide surfaces S1, S2.
  • the needle 16 is provided with an annular protuberance whose upper face, directed towards the needle head, plays a role similar to the shoulder 50 of the first embodiment, shoulder 50 against which the spring 58 is in support and urges the needle 16 to the closed position PF.
  • the spring 58 is thus arranged under the top guide 100, and no longer in the control chamber 32, and is pressed against said shoulder 50.
  • the top guide 100 is further provided with a through duct substantially parallel to the guide bore 102, through which extends an intermediate connecting link 104 which can be either integrated with the high link 90 and simply extend it to under the high guide 100, be independent of the high link 90 and be connected thereto.
  • the electrical circuit 84 comprises a disc piece 106 comprising a disc 108 provided with a central opening 110, annular disc 108 which outwardly extends a connecting lug 112.
  • the annular disc 108 is arranged between the top guide 100 and the spring 58, the needle 16 extending through the opening 110.
  • the lower face 114 of the disc serves as a support surface for the spring 58 while the connecting lug 112 is conform to the profile of the top guide 100, as shown on the figure 5 , to join the intermediate connecting link 104 under the high guide 100.
  • the disc piece 106 is metallic and coated with an electrical insulating coating Rie, with the exception of the bearing surface 114 of the spring and the end of the lug 112 electrically connected to the intermediate connection link 104.
  • the intermediate connecting link 104 takes the form of a rigid pin extending in a straight line parallel to the main axis A and the lug 112 is only a small protrusion of the annular disk 108.
  • the washer is devoid of tab.
  • the electrical circuit 84 is closed and comprises the high link 90 and the intermediate connecting link 104, then the disc piece 106, then the spring 58, then the needle 16 to needle seat 48 and finally the nozzle body 18 from the valve body seat 36 to the mass M.
  • the electrical circuit 84 is also closed and it comprises the high link 90 and the intermediate connection link 104, then the disc piece 106, then the spring 58, then the needle until at the top 52 of the head, then the valve body 22 from the ceiling 56 of the control chamber to the mass M.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUETECHNICAL AREA

L'invention est relative à un injecteur de carburant pourvu d'un dispositif de détection de la position de l'aiguille.The invention relates to a fuel injector provided with a device for detecting the position of the needle.

ARRIERE-PLAN TECHNOLOGIQUE DE L'INVENTIONBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Un injecteur de carburant comprend classiquement une aiguille pilotée en ouverture et en fermeture en fonction de la pression régnant dans une chambre de contrôle, laquelle pression est fonction de la position d'une électrovanne de contrôle. Ces petits déplacements s'effectuent à grande vitesse et, les performances régulièrement accrues nécessitent maintenant pour un pilotage optimal un retour d'information quant à la position réelle de l'aiguille. On connait des dispositifs dans lesquels un capteur est agencé sur l'injecteur, voire un injecteur dans lequel les surfaces des composants du corps sont électriquement isolées de sorte qu'une mesure de résistance électrique puisse être réalisée entre deux éléments du corps de l'injecteur, comme décrit dans le document DE102004015745 A1 . Ces dispositifs complexes et couteux n'ont pas encore prouvés leur réalisme industriel et il convient de proposer un dispositif simple et efficace.A fuel injector conventionally comprises a needle controlled opening and closing depending on the pressure in a control chamber, which pressure is a function of the position of a control solenoid valve. These small displacements are carried out at high speed and, the regularly increased performances now require for an optimal control a feedback as to the real position of the needle. Devices are known in which a sensor is arranged on the injector or an injector in which the surfaces of the components of the body are electrically insulated so that a measurement of electrical resistance can be made between two elements of the body of the injector as described in the document DE102004015745 A1 . These complex and expensive devices have not yet proven their industrial realism and should be offered a simple and effective device.

RESUME DE L'INVENTIONSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

La présente invention se propose de résoudre au moins partiellement ces problèmes en proposant un injecteur de carburant comprenant un corps d'injecteur dans lequel sont agencés une aiguille mobile entre une position entièrement ouverte et une position fermée et, un ressort sollicitant en permanence l'aiguille vers la position fermée, l'injecteur étant agencé de sorte qu'en utilisation le corps d'injecteur soit en contact électrique avec la masse électrique.The present invention proposes to solve at least partially these problems by proposing a fuel injector comprising an injector body in which are arranged a movable needle between a fully open position and a closed position and a spring constantly urging the needle to the closed position, the injector being arranged so that in use the injector body is in electrical contact with the electrical ground.

L'injecteur est de plus pourvu d'un dispositif de repérage de la position de l'aiguille dans lequel un circuit électrique est fermé lorsque l'aiguille est en position entièrement ouverte et également lorsque l'aiguille est en position fermée. L'aiguille est alors en contact électrique avec la masse, le circuit étant ouvert en toute autre position intermédiaire de l'aiguille, l'aiguille n'étant pas à la masse électrique.The injector is further provided with a device for locating the position of the needle in which an electrical circuit is closed when the needle is in the fully open position and also when the needle is in the closed position. The needle is then in electrical contact with the mass, the circuit being open in any other intermediate position of the needle, the needle not being grounded.

Plus particulièrement, le circuit comprend le corps d'injecteur, l'aiguille et le ressort ainsi qu'une liaison électrique s'étendant du ressort à une extrémité extérieure à l'injecteur, telle une cosse d'un connecteur. Ainsi une mesure électrique peut être réalisée entre ladite extrémité extérieure et la masse.More particularly, the circuit comprises the injector body, the needle and the spring and an electrical connection extending from the spring to an end outside the injector, such as a terminal of a connector. Thus an electrical measurement can be made between said outer end and the ground.

Plus en détail, l'injecteur comprend, entre autre, une buse et une vanne de contrôle, la buse comprenant elle-même un corps de buse, un guide haut et un guide bas, un siège de corps de vanne et des trous d'injection. La buse comprend également l'aiguille qui s'étend entre une première extrémité pourvue d'un siège d'aiguille et une seconde extrémité formant la tête de l'aiguille, l'aiguille étant agencée coulissante entre le guide haut et le guide bas et pouvant se déplacer entre la position fermée dans laquelle le siège d'aiguille est en contact avec le siège de corps de vanne, l'injection de carburant étant empêchée et, la position entièrement ouverte dans laquelle le siège d'aiguille est éloigné du siège de corps de vanne l'injection étant possible. La buse comprend également le ressort métallique comprimé entre une surface d'appui solidaire du corps de buse et un épaulement de l'aiguille.In more detail, the injector includes, inter alia, a nozzle and a control valve, the nozzle itself including a nozzle body, a top guide and a bottom guide, a valve body seat, and pilot holes. injection. The nozzle also includes the needle which extends between a first end provided with a needle seat and a second end forming the head of the needle, the needle being slidably arranged between the top guide and the bottom guide and able to move between the closed position in which the needle seat is in contact with the valve body seat, the fuel injection being prevented and, the fully open position in which the needle seat is moved away from the seat of valve body the injection being possible. The nozzle also comprises the compressed metal spring between a support surface integral with the nozzle body and a shoulder of the needle.

La vanne de contrôle comprend un corps de vanne agencé fixe sur le corps de buse de sorte à définir ensemble une chambre de contrôle dans laquelle se trouve la tête de l'aiguille, les déplacements de l'aiguille étant fonction des variations de pression dans la chambre de contrôle de sorte qu'en position entièrement ouverte, le sommet de la tête de l'aiguille est en contact avec une paroi de la chambre de contrôle, ladite paroi formant le plafond de la chambre de contrôle.The control valve comprises a valve body arranged fixed on the nozzle body so as to define together a control chamber in which the head of the needle is located, the movements of the needle being a function of the pressure variations in the nozzle. control chamber so that in the fully open position, the top of the needle head is in contact with a wall of the control chamber, said wall forming the ceiling of the control chamber.

Le corps d'injecteur comprend entre autres le corps de buse et le corps de vanne.The injector body includes, inter alia, the nozzle body and the valve body.

Le dispositif de repérage de la position de l'aiguille permet de générer un signal électrique variable et représentatif de la position de l'aiguille. Le dispositif comprend l'isolation électrique des surfaces de l'aiguille, ou des surfaces du corps d'injecteur, pouvant se trouver en contact l'une avec l'autre, à l'exception du siège d'aiguille et du siège de corps de vanne, du sommet de la tête de l'aiguille et du plafond de la chambre de contrôle et, de l'épaulement d'appui du ressort sur l'aiguille. Par contre, l'autre face d'appui de ressort, face d'appui solidaire du corps de buse est, quant à elle électriquement isolée. L'invention consiste en ce que le guide haut est intégré au corps de buse, l'interface entre le corps de buse et le corps de vanne étant plan. Le circuit électrique comprend de plus un membre en forme de disque plan agencé entre le corps de buse et le corps de vanne. Le disque est pourvu d'une ouverture agencé juste au-dessus de la chambre de contrôle, l'ouverture étant légèrement plus petite que la chambre de contrôle de sorte que le disque pénètre légèrement dans la chambre de contrôle et s'étende à la périphérie du plafond de la chambre de contrôle. Le disque est formé d'un disque métallique pourvu sur ses deux faces opposées d'un revêtement isolant électrique à l'exception du pourtour de l'ouverture située à la périphérie du plafond surface dépourvue d'isolant contre laquelle le ressort est en appui. Ainsi en position entièrement ouverte, la tête de l'aiguille s'étend au travers de l'ouverture et, son sommet est en contact avec le plafond de la chambre de contrôle. Notons que le revêtement isolant peut être obtenu via le dépôt d'une couche de matériau ou bien via un traitement de surface adaptéThe device for locating the position of the needle makes it possible to generate a variable electrical signal representative of the position of the needle. The device comprises electrical isolation of the surfaces of the needle, or surfaces of the injector body, which may be in contact with each other, except for the needle seat and the body seat valve, the top of the needle head and the ceiling of the control chamber and, the shoulder support of the spring on the needle. On the other hand, the other spring support face, bearing surface integral with the nozzle body, is electrically insulated. The invention consists in that the high guide is integrated in the nozzle body, the interface between the nozzle body and the valve body being plane. The The electrical circuit further includes a flat disk-shaped member arranged between the nozzle body and the valve body. The disc is provided with an opening arranged just above the control chamber, the opening being slightly smaller than the control chamber so that the disc penetrates slightly into the control chamber and extends to the periphery. from the ceiling of the control room. The disk is formed of a metal disc provided on its two opposite faces with an electrical insulating coating except for the periphery of the opening located at the periphery of the ceiling surface without insulation against which the spring is supported. Thus in the fully open position, the needle head extends through the opening and its top is in contact with the ceiling of the control chamber. Note that the insulating coating can be obtained via the deposition of a layer of material or via a suitable surface treatment

Le disque plan est pourvu d'ouvertures de positionnement et de protubérances s'étendant perpendiculairement au plan du disque depuis le pourtour desdites ouvertures de positionnement de sorte à s'agencer de manière complémentaire dans des trous borgnes de positionnement pourvus dans le corps de vanne et dans le corps de buse. Selon un mode de réalisation du disque plan, les protubérances sont obtenues en repliant à angle droit des parties découpées du disque. Dans un autre mode de réalisation, le disque peut être plan et des moyens de centrage, tels des pions, peuvent être rapportés sur le disque.The planar disk is provided with positioning apertures and protuberances extending perpendicularly to the plane of the disk from the periphery of said positioning apertures so as to complementably fit into blind positioning holes provided in the valve body and in the nozzle body. According to one embodiment of the flat disk, the protuberances are obtained by folding at right angles cut portions of the disk. In another embodiment, the disk may be flat and centering means, such as pins, may be reported on the disk.

La liaison électrique comprend de plus un lien de connexion intermédiaire passant au travers d'un conduit étanche traversant le corps de vanne. Le lien de connexion s'étend depuis une extrémité connectée au disque métallique jusqu'à ladite extrémité extérieure, par exemple une cosse d'un connecteur. Selon un exemple ne faisant pas partie de l'invention, le guide haut est une pièce autonome agencée fixe entre le corps de buse et le corps de vanne, le ressort est comprimé entre une face d'appui intégrée à l'aiguille et une face d'appui solidaire du guide haut. La liaison électrique comprend un disque annulaire interposé entre le ressort et le guide haut, l'interface entre le disque annulaire et le guide haut étant électriquement isolée, l'aiguille passant au travers d'une ouverture centrale du disque annulaire.The electrical connection further comprises an intermediate connection link passing through a sealed conduit passing through the valve body. The connection link extends from an end connected to the metal disk to said outer end, for example a terminal of a connector. According to an example not forming part of the invention, the high guide is an independent piece arranged fixed between the nozzle body and the valve body, the spring is compressed between a bearing face integrated with the needle and a face. solidarity support of the high guide. The electrical connection includes an annular disc interposed between the spring and the high guide, the interface between the annular disk and the top guide being electrically insulated, the needle passing through a central opening of the annular disk.

Le guide haut est alors pourvu d'un conduit le traversant de part en part, une patte de liaison étant conformée pour s'étendre depuis le disque annulaire jusque dans ledit conduit.The top guide is then provided with a conduit passing through it, a connecting lug being shaped to extend from the annular disk into said conduit.

Dans une alternative, la liaison électrique comprend un lien de connexion intermédiaire s'étendant au travers d'un conduit étanche et électriquement isolé traversant le corps de vanne jusqu'à une extrémité connectée au disque annulaire.In an alternative, the electrical connection includes an intermediate connection link extending through an electrically insulated and sealed conduit extending through the valve body to an end connected to the annular disc.

Quel que soit le mode de réalisation, la résistance électrique entre l'aiguille et la masse est inférieure à 1kOhms lorsque le circuit est fermé et est supérieure à 100 kOhms, voire 400 kOhms, lorsque le circuit est ouvert. L'important étant que la différence soit grande entre les valeurs de résistance circuit ouvert et circuit fermé de sorte que la discrimination soit facile.Whatever the embodiment, the electrical resistance between the needle and the ground is less than 1kOhms when the circuit is closed and is greater than 100 kOhms, or 400 kOhms, when the circuit is open. The important thing is that there is a big difference between the open circuit and closed circuit resistance values so that the discrimination is easy.

DESCRIPTION DES FIGURESDESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Un mode de réalisation de l'invention est maintenant décrit par l'intermédiaire des figures suivantes.

  • La figure 1 est une section axiale d'un injecteur selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'injecteur étant en position fermée.
  • La figure 2 est l'injecteur de la figure 1 en position ouverte.
  • La figure 3 est une section axiale magnifiée de l'injecteur de la figure 1.
  • La figure 4 est une section axiale magnifiée d'un injecteur selon un exemple ne faisant pas partie de l'invention.
  • Les figures 5 et 6 sont deux alternatives de réalisation d'un composant de l'injecteur de la figure 4.
  • La figure 7 est une vue isométrique du disque agencé dans l'injecteur de la figure 3.
  • La figure 8 est un schéma électrique représentatif de l'invention.
An embodiment of the invention is now described through the following figures.
  • The figure 1 is an axial section of an injector according to a first embodiment of the invention, the injector being in the closed position.
  • The figure 2 is the injector of the figure 1 in open position.
  • The figure 3 is a magnified axial section of the injector of the figure 1 .
  • The figure 4 is a magnified axial section of an injector according to an example not forming part of the invention.
  • The Figures 5 and 6 are two alternative embodiments of a component of the injector of the figure 4 .
  • The figure 7 is an isometric view of the disk arranged in the injector of the figure 3 .
  • The figure 8 is a representative electrical diagram of the invention.

DESCRIPTION DES MODES DE REALISATION PRÉFÉRÉSDESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Selon les figures 1, 2 et 3, est décrit un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention se rapportant à un injecteur 10 de carburant, ici un injecteur diesel bien que l'invention soit intégralement transposable à un injecteur essence ou de tout autre carburant, l'injecteur 10 faisant généralement parti d'un système d'injection 12 comprenant plusieurs injecteurs 10. La description détaillera les éléments de l'invention et restera plus succincte et générale quant aux éléments environnants.According to Figures 1, 2 and 3 is described a first embodiment of the invention relating to a fuel injector 10, here a diesel injector although the invention is fully transferable to a fuel injector or other fuel, the injector 10 generally an injection system 12 comprising several injectors 10. The description will detail the elements of the invention and will remain more succinct and general as to the surrounding elements.

L'injecteur 10 s'étend selon un axe principal A et comprend, de bas en haut, selon le sens conventionnel et non limitatif des figures, une buse 14 comprenant une aiguille 16 agencée dans un corps de buse 18 puis, une vanne de contrôle 20 agencée dans un corps de vanne 22 puis un actionneur 24 agencé dans un corps d'actionneur 26. Les corps de buse 18, corps de vanne 22 et corps d'actionneur 26 sont maintenus solidaires les uns des autres par un écrou d'injecteur 28 qui prend appui sur un épaulement du corps de buse 18 et se visse sur le corps d'actionneur 26, le corps de vanne 22 étant pris en sandwich entre les deux autres corps, les trois corps et l'écrou formant le corps de l'injecteur 29.The injector 10 extends along a main axis A and comprises, from the bottom upwards, according to the conventional and nonlimiting direction of the figures, a nozzle 14 comprising a needle 16 arranged in a nozzle body 18 and then a control valve 20 arranged in a valve body 22 and an actuator 24 arranged in an actuator body 26. The nozzle bodies 18, valve body 22 and actuator body 26 are held integral with one another by an injector nut. 28 which bears on a shoulder of the nozzle body 18 and is screwed on the actuator body 26, the valve body 22 being sandwiched between the two other bodies, the three bodies and the nut forming the body of the injector 29.

Le corps de buse 18 comprend un alésage axial 30 intérieur s'étendant depuis une extrémité supérieure, où il s'élargit légèrement en un lamage profond pour définir en parti une chambre de contrôle 32, jusqu'à une extrémité basse 34 se refermant en pointe de sorte à former un siège de corps de vanne 36 conique permettant de contrôler l'accès de carburant à des trous d'injection 38 s'étendant au travers de la paroi conique du corps de buse 18. Entre la chambre de contrôle 32 et le siège de corps de vanne 36, l'alésage 30 forme un guide cylindrique haut 40 et un guide cylindrique bas 42 entre lesquels l'aiguille 16 est agencée axialement coulissante. Les termes « haut » et « bas » sont ici utilisés non seulement en référence à l'orientation de la figure, mais également en référence au nom habituel attribué à ces éléments par les professionnels.The nozzle body 18 comprises an inner axial bore extending from an upper end, where it widens slightly in a deep counterbore to define in part a control chamber 32, to a low end 34 closing in a point so as to form a tapered valve body seat 36 for controlling access of fuel to injection holes 38 extending through the conical wall of the nozzle body 18. Between the control chamber 32 and the seat valve body 36, the bore 30 forms a high cylindrical guide 40 and a low cylindrical guide 42 between which the needle 16 is arranged axially sliding. The terms "high" and "low" are used here not only in reference to the orientation of the figure, but also in reference to the usual name given to these elements by professionals.

L'aiguille 16 est globalement cylindrique et s'étend axialement A entre une tête d'aiguille 44, en haut de la figure, et une extrémité pointue 46, en bas de la figure, formant un siège d'aiguille 48 coopérant avec le siège de corps de vanne 36 du corps 18. Tel qu'observable sur la figure 3, la tête d'aiguille 44 débouche dans la chambre de contrôle 32. La tête 44 a un diamètre d44, plus faible que le reste de l'aiguille 16, et s'étend vers le haut depuis un épaulement 50 jusqu'à une surface de sommet de tête 52.The needle 16 is generally cylindrical and extends axially A between a needle head 44, at the top of the figure, and a pointed end 46, at the bottom of the figure, forming a needle seat 48 cooperating with the seat of valve body 36 of the body 18. As observed on the figure 3 , the needle head 44 opens into the control chamber 32. The head 44 has a diameter d44, smaller than the rest of the needle 16, and extends upwardly from a shoulder 50 to a surface of top of head 52.

Le corps de la vanne de contrôle 22 est classiquement agencé au-dessus du corps de buse 18 aussi la face inférieure 54 du corps de vanne forme-t-elle en sa partie centrale le plafond 56 de la chambre de contrôle 32.The body of the control valve 22 is conventionally arranged above the nozzle body 18 so that the lower face 54 of the valve body forms in its central part the ceiling 56 of the control chamber 32.

Dans la chambre de contrôle 32, un ressort 58 métallique est en appui contre l'épaulement 50 de l'aiguille de sorte à solliciter en permanence l'aiguille 16 vers une position fermée PF dans laquelle le siège d'aiguille 48 est en contact étanche contre le siège de corps de vanne 36 du corps.In the control chamber 32, a metal spring 58 bears against the shoulder 50 of the needle so as to permanently urge the needle 16 towards a closed position PF in which the needle seat 48 is in contact sealed against the valve body seat 36 of the body.

Le corps de vanne 22 est, par ailleurs, classiquement pourvu d'un alésage 60 ouvrant sur un espace large 62, un ensemble armature magnétique et tige de vanne 64 étant classiquement monté coulissant dans l'alésage 60, ledit ensemble 64 ayant globalement la forme d'un T, la barre supérieure représentant une armature magnétique et la jambe verticale représentant une tige de vanne.The valve body 22 is, moreover, conventionally provided with a bore 60 opening on a wide space 62, a magnetic armature assembly and valve stem 64 being conventionally slidably mounted in the bore 60, said assembly 64 having generally the shape a T, the upper bar representing a magnetic armature and the vertical leg representing a valve stem.

Parallèlement à l'alésage 60, le corps de vanne 22 est traversé de part en part par un conduit débouchant 66 représenté à droite dans la section de la figure 3 bien que, comme cela sera expliqué plus avant le conduit pourrait être réalisé en un autre endroit du corps de vanne 22, pourvu qu'il débouche de part en part.Parallel to the bore 60, the valve body 22 is traversed from one side by a conduit 66 opening shown to the right in the section of the figure 3 although, as will be explained further the conduit could be made at another location of the valve body 22, provided it opens through.

Le corps d'actionneur 26 classiquement agencé au-dessus de la vanne de contrôle 20 est pourvu d'un conduit complémentaire 68 agencé de sorte à s'aligner sur le conduit débouchant 66 du corps de vanne et à s'étendre jusqu'à un connecteur 70 agencé en haut du corps d'actionneur 26.The actuator body 26 conventionally arranged above the control valve 20 is provided with a complementary conduit 68 arranged to align with the opening conduit 66 of the valve body and to extend to a connector 70 arranged at the top of the actuator body 26.

L'injecteur 10 est de plus classiquement pourvu d'un circuit de circulation 72 du carburant qui d'une part permet l'amenée du carburant haute pression via un circuit haute pression 74, amenée depuis une bouche d'entrée jusqu'aux trous d'injection 38 et, d'autre part la recirculation de carburant vers un réservoir basse pression via un circuit basse pression 76. Le circuit haute pression 74 comprend notamment un canal de dérivation 78 conduisant à la chambre de contrôle 32, chambre 32 d'où repart le circuit basse pression 76 via un canal d'évacuation 80 contrôlé en ouverture et fermeture par la vanne de contrôle 20.The injector 10 is moreover conventionally provided with a circulation circuit 72 of the fuel which on the one hand allows the supply of the high pressure fuel via a high pressure circuit 74, brought from an inlet mouth to the d injection 38 and, on the other hand, recirculation of fuel to a low pressure tank via a low pressure circuit 76. The high pressure circuit 74 comprises in particular a bypass channel 78 leading to the control chamber 32, chamber 32 where the low-pressure circuit 76 is restarted via an evacuation channel 80 controlled in opening and closing by the control valve 20.

Lorsque l'actionneur 24, typiquement un électroaimant, est électriquement alimenté, il attire l'armature magnétique 64 ce qui ouvre le canal d'évacuation 80 et permet au carburant prisonnier de la chambre de contrôle 32 de s'évacuer vers le circuit basse pression 76. La pression dans la chambre de contrôle 36 baisse alors et l'aiguille 16 se déplace dans l'alésage 30 du corps de buse 18 vers une position entièrement ouverte PO dans laquelle le siège d'aiguille 48 est éloigné du siège de corps de vanne 36, de sorte à permettre l'injection de carburant via les trous d'injection 38, et dans lequel, le sommet 52 de la tête d'aiguille est en contact avec la surface plafond 56 de la chambre de contrôle 32.When the actuator 24, typically an electromagnet, is electrically powered, it attracts the magnetic armature 64 which opens the evacuation channel 80 and allows the trapped fuel of the control chamber 32 to evacuate to the low pressure circuit 76. The pressure in the control chamber 36 then drops and the needle 16 moves in the bore 30 of the nozzle body 18 to a fully open position PO in which the needle seat 48 is moved away from the body seat. valve 36, so as to allow the injection of fuel via the injection holes 38, and wherein, the top 52 of the needle head is in contact with the ceiling surface 56 of the control chamber 32.

Lorsque l'actionneur 24 n'est pas alimenté, l'ensemble armature magnétique et tige de vanne 64 est repoussé par un ressort de vanne vers une position dans laquelle le canal d'évacuation 80 est fermé ce qui retient dans la chambre de contrôle 32 le carburant haute pression qui y arrive. La pression dans la chambre de contrôle 32 remonte alors et, l'aiguille 16, repoussée par le ressort 58 et par la pression dans la chambre de contrôle 32 se déplace vers la position fermée PF dans laquelle, le siège d'aiguille 48 est en contact étanche contre le siège de corps de vanne 36, de sorte à interdire l'injection de carburant et dans lequel, le sommet 52 de la tête de l'aiguille est éloigné de la surface plafond 58 de la chambre de contrôle.When the actuator 24 is not powered, the magnetic armature assembly and valve stem 64 is pushed by a valve spring to a position in which the exhaust channel 80 is closed which holds in the control chamber 32 the high pressure fuel that arrives there. The pressure in the control chamber 32 then rises and, the needle 16, pushed back by the spring 58 and by the pressure in the control chamber 32 moves towards the closed position PF in which the needle seat 48 is in position. sealing contact against the valve body seat 36, so as to prohibit the injection of fuel and wherein, the top 52 of the needle head is remote from the ceiling surface 58 of the control chamber.

L'injecteur 10 comprend de plus un dispositif 82 de repérage des positions extrêmes de l'aiguille.The injector 10 further comprises a device 82 for identifying the extreme positions of the needle.

Le dispositif 82 est un circuit électrique 84 permettant de réaliser une mesure électrique ME entre une cosse 86 du connecteur et la masse M à laquelle se trouvent le corps de buse 18, le corps de vanne 22, le corps d'actionneur 26 et l'écrou d'injecteur 28.The device 82 is an electrical circuit 84 making it possible to carry out an electrical measurement ME between a lug 86 of the connector and the mass M to which the nozzle body 18, the valve body 22, the actuator body 26 and the injector nut 28.

Lorsque l'aiguille 16 est en position fermée PF, figure 1, le circuit électrique 84 comprend une liaison électrique 88 qui s'étend de la cosse 86 au ressort 58, puis le ressort 58 lui-même, puis l'aiguille 16 jusqu'au siège d'aiguille 48 et enfin, le corps de buse 18 depuis le siège de corps de vanne 36 jusqu'à la masse M.When the needle 16 is in the closed position PF, figure 1 the electrical circuit 84 comprises an electrical connection 88 which extends from the lug 86 to the spring 58, then the spring 58 itself, then the needle 16 to the needle seat 48 and finally the nozzle body 18 from the valve body seat 36 to the ground M.

Lorsque l'aiguille 16 est en position entièrement ouverte PO, figure 2, le circuit électrique 84 comprend la liaison électrique 88 de la cosse 84 au ressort 58, puis le ressort 58 lui-même, puis l'aiguille 16 jusqu'à son sommet 52 de tête, puis le corps de vanne 22 depuis le plafond 56 de la chambre de contrôle jusqu'à la masse M.When the needle 16 is in the fully open position PO, figure 2 the electrical circuit 84 comprises the electrical connection 88 of the lug 84 to the spring 58, then the spring 58 itself, then the needle 16 to its top 52 of the head, then the valve body 22 from the ceiling 56 from the control chamber to the mass M.

Dans ces deux positions extrêmes PO, PF, le circuit électrique 84 est fermé et une mesure électrique peut être réalisée, ladite mesure étant significative d'une position extrême. Un cycle d'injection comprend non seulement une ouverture principale au cours de laquelle l'aiguille 16 parcours l'intégralité du déplacement entre les deux positions extrêmes, mais également des ouvertures brèves au cours desquelles l'aiguille 16 quitte la position fermée PF mais n'atteint pas la position entièrement ouverte PO et s'arrête en une position intermédiaire Pi dite position balistique.In these two extreme positions PO, PF, the electrical circuit 84 is closed and an electrical measurement can be made, said measurement being significant of an extreme position. An injection cycle includes not only a main opening in which the needle 16 traverses the entire displacement between the two extreme positions, but also short openings during which the needle 16 leaves the closed position PF but n does not reach the fully open position PO and stops at an intermediate position Pi, said ballistic position.

En position balistique le siège d'aiguille 48 est éloigné du siège de corps de vanne 36 et le sommet 52 de la tête d'aiguille est éloigné du plafond 56 de la chambre de contrôle de sorte que, le circuit électrique 84 est ouvert. La mesure électrique ME réalisée est alors différente de celle réalisée lorsque le circuit 84 est fermé.In the ballistic position the needle seat 48 is away from the valve body seat 36 and the top 52 of the needle head is away from the ceiling 56 of the control chamber so that the electrical circuit 84 is open. The electrical measurement ME performed is then different from that performed when the circuit 84 is closed.

Pour distinguer les positions d'aiguille, la mesure électrique réalisée est mise en relation avec la commande électrique de l'actionneur. Ainsi, lorsque le circuit 84 est fermé, si l'actionneur est électriquement alimenté alors l'aiguille est en positon entièrement ouverte PO et si, l'actionneur n'est pas alimenté, l'aiguille 16 est en position fermée PF et, si l'actionneur n'est électriquement alimenté que pour ne commander qu'une ouverture brève, alors, le circuit 84 initialement fermé, s'ouvre lorsque l'aiguille quitte la position fermée PF puis, le circuit 84 se ferme à nouveau ce qui indique que l'aiguille 16 est revenue en position fermée PF sans s'ouvrir entièrement.To distinguish the needle positions, the electrical measurement made is related to the electrical control of the actuator. Thus, when the circuit 84 is closed, if the actuator is electrically powered then the needle is in fully open position PO and if the actuator is not powered, the needle 16 is in the closed position PF and, if the actuator is electrically powered only to control a short opening, then the circuit 84 initially closed, opens when the needle leaves the closed position PF and then the circuit 84 closes again which indicates that the needle 16 has returned to the closed position PF without opening fully.

Selon la figure 8 est maintenant succinctement décrit un exemple de circuit électrique permettant l'acquisition et la mesure du signal représentatif de la position de l'aiguille 16.According to figure 8 is now briefly described an example of an electrical circuit for acquiring and measuring the signal representative of the position of the needle 16.

L'injecteur 10 est schématisé selon un circuit électrique 84 comprenant, entre la cosse 86 et la masse M, l'aiguille 16 schématisée telle un interrupteur en parallèle duquel est placée une résistance d'isolation Ri. La résistance d'isolation Ri a une valeur typiquement supérieure à 100 kOhms de sorte qu'en position fermée PF la résistance électrique du circuit 84 est nulle et, qu'en position ouverte PO la résistance électrique du circuit 84 vaut la résistance d'isolation Ri.The injector 10 is schematized according to an electrical circuit 84 comprising, between the lug 86 and the mass M, the needle 16 schematically as a switch in parallel which is placed an insulation resistance Ri. The insulation resistance Ri has a value typically greater than 100 kOhms so that in the closed position PF the electrical resistance of the circuit 84 is zero and, in the open position PO, the electrical resistance of the circuit 84 is worth the insulation resistance Ri.

De plus, l'injecteur 10 est connecté à un calculateur ECU comprenant une résistance électrique fixe Re, nettement inférieure à la résistance d'isolation Ri, il pourra par exemple être choisi une résistance fixe Re dont la valeur de situe entre 10 et 50 kOhms, par exemple 20 kOhms, deux autres résistances électriques R1, R2, et, un comparateur de tension électrique.In addition, the injector 10 is connected to an ECU computer comprising a fixed electrical resistance Re, much lower than the insulation resistance Ri, it may for example be chosen a fixed resistor Re whose value is between 10 and 50 kOhms for example 20 kOhms, two other electrical resistors R1, R2, and a voltage comparator.

Aux bornes du comparateur de tension arrivent d'une part une première tension électrique de référence dont le niveau est fonction de la combinaison des deux autres résistances électriques R1, R2, et, d'autre part, une seconde tension variant en fonction de l'état ouvert ou fermé du circuit 84. Pour faire varier cette seconde tension électrique, la borne du comparateur est également reliée à la cosse 86 de l'injecteur 10. Ainsi, en positon fermée PF cette borne reçoit une tension nulle car elle se trouve reliée à la masse M et, en position ouverte PO cette même borne reçoit une tension non nulle et supérieure à la tension électrique de référence. Le changement ainsi perçu par le comparateur de tension informe de la position de l'aiguille 16.At the terminals of the voltage comparator arrive firstly a first reference voltage whose level is a function of the combination of the two other electrical resistors R1, R2, and secondly, a second voltage varying according to the open or closed state of the circuit 84. To vary this second voltage, the comparator terminal is also connected to the terminal 86 of the injector 10. Thus, in closed position PF this terminal receives a zero voltage because it is connected to the ground M and, in the open position PO, the same terminal receives a non-zero voltage and greater than the reference electrical voltage. . The change thus perceived by the voltage comparator informs of the position of the needle 16.

De manière alternative une mesure du courant passant dans le circuit électrique de l'injecteur permettrait d'identifier la position ouverte PO ou fermée PF de l'aiguille.Alternatively a measurement of the current flowing in the electric circuit of the injector would identify the open position PO or closed PF of the needle.

Le circuit électrique 84 est maintenant détaillé. Il comprend d'une part l'isolation électrique des surfaces de l'aiguille 16 susceptibles d'être en contact avec le corps de buse 18. Ainsi les surfaces S1 et S2 guidées respectivement dans les guides haut 40 et bas 42 sont revêtues d'un revêtement de surface isolant Rie. Parmi les dépôts connus se trouvent le nitrure d'aluminium, l'oxyde d'aluminium, le carbone amorphe « DLC », on trouve également des matériaux plastiques à hautes propriétés mécaniques, alternativement l'isolation électrique des surfaces peut être réalisée par des procédés d'oxydation de surface ou nitruration de surface. On peut également envisager des douilles additionnelles agencées autour de l'aiguille, ou dans le corps d'injecteur. Par contre, le siège d'aiguille 48, le sommet 52 de tête et l'épaulement 50 contre laquelle s'appuie le ressort 58 restent conducteurs électriques et dépourvus de revêtement isolant Rie mais, ces surfaces peuvent avoir d'autres revêtements de surface tant qu'ils sont électriquement conducteurs.. Une alternative possible est d'isoler la quasi-totalité de l'aiguille en ne réservant que les trois surfaces ci-dessus mentionnées. Dans une autre alternative le revêtement isolant Rie revêt les surfaces correspondantes du corps de buse 18, notamment les guides haut 40 et bas 42, voire les surfaces du corps de buse et les surfaces de l'aiguille. Dans ce cas, au dépôt, il sera parfois préféré l'agencement de douilles isolantes rapportées dans les alésages. D'autre part, la liaison électrique 88 du circuit électrique 84 comprend un lien haut 90 qui s'étend au travers du corps d'actionneur 26 dans le conduit complémentaire 68 et, au travers du corps de vanne 22 dans le conduit débouchant 66, puis un membre en forme de disque 92 agencé entre le corps de vanne 22 et le corps de buse 18. Le disque 92 est pourvu d'une ouverture 94 agencée juste au-dessus de la chambre de contrôle 32, l'ouverture 94 étant centrale dans l'exemple de la figure 3. L'ouverture 94 est légèrement moins grande que la chambre de contrôle 32 de sorte que le disque s'étend vers l'intérieur de la chambre de contrôle, au pourtour du plafond 56. Cette extension périphérique 96 est suffisante pour que sa face inférieure 98 serve de face d'appui au ressort 58 qui est donc comprimé entre cette face d'appui 98 et l'épaulement 50 de l'aiguille. Par ailleurs l'ouverture 94 est suffisamment large pour qu'en position entièrement ouverte PO de l'aiguille 16, la tête 44 puisse passer au travers de l'ouverture 90 sans en toucher le bord et venir en contact avec le plafond 56 de la chambre de contrôle 32.The electrical circuit 84 is now detailed. It comprises on the one hand the electrical insulation of the surfaces of the needle 16 likely to be in contact with the nozzle body 18. Thus the surfaces S1 and S2 guided respectively in the top 40 and bottom guides 42 are coated with an insulating surface coating Rie. Among the known deposits are aluminum nitride, aluminum oxide, amorphous carbon "DLC", there are also plastic materials with high mechanical properties, alternatively electrical insulation of the surfaces can be achieved by methods surface oxidation or surface nitriding. Additional sleeves arranged around the needle, or in the injector body, may also be envisaged. On the other hand, the needle seat 48, the top 52 of the head and the shoulder 50 against which the spring 58 rests remain electrically conductive and devoid of an insulating coating Rie, but these surfaces may have other surface coatings both They are electrically conductive. A possible alternative is to isolate almost all the needle by reserving only the three surfaces mentioned above. In another alternative, the insulating coating Rie coats the corresponding surfaces of the nozzle body 18, including the top 40 and bottom 42 guides, or even the surfaces of the nozzle body and the surfaces of the needle. In this case, the deposit, it will sometimes be preferred the arrangement of insulating sleeves reported in the bores. On the other hand, the electrical connection 88 of the electrical circuit 84 comprises a high link 90 which extends through the actuator body 26 into the complementary conduit 68 and, through the valve body 22 into the emerging conduit 66, then a disc-shaped member 92 arranged between the valve body 22 and the nozzle body 18. The disc 92 is provided with an opening 94 arranged just above the control chamber 32, the opening 94 being central in the example of the figure 3 . The opening 94 is slightly smaller than the control chamber 32 so that the disk extends towards the inside of the control chamber, around the ceiling 56. This peripheral extension 96 is sufficient for its lower face 98 to serve as a face resting the spring 58 which is compressed between the bearing face 98 and the shoulder 50 of the needle. Furthermore, the opening 94 is sufficiently wide that, in the fully open position PO of the needle 16, the head 44 can pass through the opening 90 without touching its edge and coming into contact with the ceiling 56 of the control room 32.

Plus spécifiquement, le disque 92 est un disque métallique dont les deux faces opposées sont électriquement isolées Rie à l'exception de la face d'appui 98 du ressort et, bien sûr de la connexion avec le lien haut 90 qui demeurent électriquement conductrices. Alternativement, les faces opposées du disque 92 peuvent être électriquement conductrices mais, dans ce cas, se sont les faces du corps de vanne et du corps de buse en contact avec le disque 92 qui doivent être électriquement isolées.More specifically, the disc 92 is a metal disc whose two opposite faces are electrically insulated with the exception of the bearing face 98 of the spring and of course the connection with the high link 90 which remain electrically conductive. Alternatively, the opposite faces of the disk 92 may be electrically conductive but in this case are the faces of the valve body and the nozzle body in contact with the disk 92 which must be electrically insulated.

Tel que cela est particulièrement visible sur l'exemple non limitatif de la figure 7, le disque 92 est pourvu d'autres ouvertures complémentaires notamment pour ne pas obturer le circuit haute pression 74 conduisant à la chambre de contrôle 32 ou aux trous d'injection 38. On peut distinguer des ouvertures nécessaires aux circuits de circulation du carburant ainsi que deux ouvertures symétriques 120 de positionnement du corps de buse 18 par rapport au corps de vanne 22. Il est connu de positionner avec précision le corps de vanne et le corps de buse au moyen de pions de centrage. Cette solution peut être reconduite dans le cadre de la présente invention, les pions passant au travers desdites ouvertures de positionnement 120 pour s'agencer dans le corps de buse et dans le corps de vanne dans des alésages borgnes complémentaires. Ces pions doivent alors être électriquement isolés du disque 92. Cependant, tel que cela est représenté sur la figure 7, il est possible de réaliser lesdites ouvertures de positionnement 120 en pratiquant des découpes diagonales puis en rabattant perpendiculairement et de part et d'autre du disque 92 des portions triangulaires formant des coins de centrage 122 aptes à s'engager complémentairement dans lesdits alésages borgnes et remplaçant ainsi avantageusement les pions de centrage. Ces coins de centrages doivent également être isolés électriquement de sorte à ne pas créer de liaison électrique entre le disque 92 et le corps de vanne ou le corps de buse. Alternativement, d'autres découpes peuvent amener à réaliser d'autres formes de protubérances de centrage.As is particularly visible on the non-limiting example of the figure 7 , the disk 92 is provided with other complementary openings in particular not to close the high pressure circuit 74 leading to the control chamber 32 or to the injection holes 38. It is possible to distinguish the openings necessary for the fuel circulation circuits as well as two symmetrical openings 120 for positioning the nozzle body 18 with respect to the valve body 22. It is known to precisely position the valve body and the nozzle body by means of centering pins. This solution can be extended in the context of the present invention, the pins passing through said positioning openings 120 to be arranged in the nozzle body and in the valve body in complementary blind bores. These pins must then be electrically isolated from the disk 92. However, as shown in FIG. figure 7 , it is possible to realize said positioning openings 120 by making diagonal cuts and then folding perpendicularly and on either side of the disc 92 triangular portions forming centering wedges 122 able to engage complementarily in said blind bores and thus advantageously replacing the centering pins. These centering wedges must also be electrically isolated so as not to create an electrical connection between the disc 92 and the valve body or the nozzle body. Alternatively, other cuts may lead to other forms of centering protuberances.

De plus, compte tenu des très hautes pressions, plusieurs milliers de bars, susceptibles de régner dans l'injecteur, il est également possible d'améliorer l'étanchéité autour du disque 92 en réalisant dans le disque 92 de larges ouvertures 124 permettant ainsi de réduire la surface du disque 92 soumise aux efforts de serrage entre le corps de buse 18 et le corps de vanne 22 et, en conséquence, d'augmenter les pressions de contact permettant d'avoir une meilleure étanchéité autour des canaux haute pression et de la chambre de contrôle.In addition, given the very high pressures, several thousand bars, likely to reign in the injector, it is also possible to improve the seal around the disk 92 by making in the disk 92 wide openings 124 thus allowing reducing the area of the disk 92 subjected to the clamping forces between the nozzle body 18 and the valve body 22 and, consequently, increasing the contact pressures to have a better seal around the high pressure channels and the Control Chamber.

Dans ce cas les détourages qui qu'il est connu de réaliser dans le même but dans les faces du corps de vanne et du corps de buse sont avantageusement remplacés par ces larges ouvertures 124 dans le disque 92.In this case the cutouts which it is known to achieve for the same purpose in the faces of the valve body and the nozzle body are advantageously replaced by these large openings 124 in the disk 92.

Dans une alternative complémentaire, les parois latérales de la chambre de contrôle peuvent être isolées électriquement de sorte à ne pas risquer de créer de court-circuit entre une spire intermédiaire du ressort 58 et ladite paroi. Un exemple ne faisant pas partie de l'invention est maintenant décrit, en référence aux figures 4, 5 et 6, et par voie de différence avec le premier mode en conservant les numéros de référence des éléments communs.In a complementary alternative, the side walls of the control chamber can be electrically insulated so as not to risk creating a short circuit between an intermediate coil of the spring 58 and said wall. An example not forming part of the invention is now described, with reference to figures 4 , 5 and 6 , and by way of difference with the first mode while keeping the reference numbers of the common elements.

Le principe de l'exemple est identique à celui du premier mode, cependant, l'exemple se distingue principalement par la structure même de l'injecteur 10 dans lequel le guide haut 40 est une pièce indépendante 100 agencée entre le corps de buse 18 et le corps de vanne 22 et maintenue fixe grâce à la compression exercée par l'écrou d'injecteur 28. Le guide haut 100 guide la tête d'aiguille 44 au travers d'un alésage de guidage 102 et, en combinaison avec le corps de vanne 22, ledit alésage de guidage 102 définit la chambre de contrôle 32.The principle of the example is identical to that of the first mode, however, the example is distinguished mainly by the very structure of the injector 10 in which the top guide 40 is an independent piece 100 arranged between the nozzle body 18 and the valve body 22 and held fixed by the compression exerted by the injector nut 28. The high guide 100 guides the needle head 44 through a guide bore 102 and, in combination with the body of the valve 22, said guide bore 102 defines the control chamber 32.

Comme cela est observable, le guide bas 42 est proche des sièges d'aiguille 48 et de vanne 36 et, les surfaces électriquement isolées sont dans, l'exemple non limitatif choisi, limitées aux surfaces de guidage S1, S2. Par ailleurs, l'aiguille 16 est pourvu d'une protubérance annulaire dont la face supérieure, dirigée vers la tête d'aiguille, joue un rôle similaire à l'épaulement 50 du premier mode de réalisation, épaulement 50 contre lequel le ressort 58 est en appui et sollicite l'aiguille 16 vers la position fermée PF. Le ressort 58 est donc agencé sous le guide haut 100, et non plus dans la chambre de contrôle 32, et il est comprimé contre ledit épaulement 50.As can be seen, the bottom guide 42 is close to the needle seats 48 and the valve seat 36, and the electrically insulated surfaces are, in the nonlimiting example chosen, limited to the guide surfaces S1, S2. Furthermore, the needle 16 is provided with an annular protuberance whose upper face, directed towards the needle head, plays a role similar to the shoulder 50 of the first embodiment, shoulder 50 against which the spring 58 is in support and urges the needle 16 to the closed position PF. The spring 58 is thus arranged under the top guide 100, and no longer in the control chamber 32, and is pressed against said shoulder 50.

Le guide haut 100 est de plus pourvu d'un conduit traversant substantiellement parallèle à l'alésage de guidage 102, conduit au travers duquel s'étend un lien de connexion intermédiaire 104 qui peut être soit intégré au lien haut 90 et simplement le prolonger jusque sous le guide haut 100, soit indépendant du lien haut 90 et être connecté à celui-ci.The top guide 100 is further provided with a through duct substantially parallel to the guide bore 102, through which extends an intermediate connecting link 104 which can be either integrated with the high link 90 and simply extend it to under the high guide 100, be independent of the high link 90 and be connected thereto.

En-deçà du guide haut 100, le circuit électrique 84 comprend une pièce discale 106 comprenant un disque 108 pourvu d'une ouverture centrale 110, disque annulaire 108 duquel s'étend vers l'extérieur une patte de liaison 112. Le disque annulaire 108 est agencé entre le guide haut 100 et le ressort 58, l'aiguille 16 s'étendant au travers de l'ouverture 110. La face inférieure 114 du disque sert de surface d'appui au ressort 58 tandis que la patte de liaison 112 se conforme au profil du guide haut 100, tel que montré sur la figure 5, pour rejoindre le lien de connexion intermédiaire 104 sous le guide haut 100. La pièce discale 106 est métallique et revêtue d'un revêtement isolant électrique Rie, à l'exception de la surface d'appui 114 du ressort et de l'extrémité de la patte 112 électriquement connectée au lien de connexion intermédiaire 104.Beyond the high guide 100, the electrical circuit 84 comprises a disc piece 106 comprising a disc 108 provided with a central opening 110, annular disc 108 which outwardly extends a connecting lug 112. The annular disc 108 is arranged between the top guide 100 and the spring 58, the needle 16 extending through the opening 110. The lower face 114 of the disc serves as a support surface for the spring 58 while the connecting lug 112 is conform to the profile of the top guide 100, as shown on the figure 5 , to join the intermediate connecting link 104 under the high guide 100. The disc piece 106 is metallic and coated with an electrical insulating coating Rie, with the exception of the bearing surface 114 of the spring and the end of the lug 112 electrically connected to the intermediate connection link 104.

Dans une alternative représentée en figure 6, le lien de connexion intermédiaire 104 prend la forme d'un pion rigide s'étendant en ligne droite parallèlement à l'axe principal A et la patte 112 n'est qu'une petite excroissance du disque annulaire 108. On pourrait même remplacer la pièce discale 106 par une rondelle simple dont le diamètre intérieur serait suffisant pour laisser passer l'aiguille 16 et, le diamètre extérieur serait suffisant grand pour recevoir la connexion intermédiaire 104 tout en conservant une section de passage suffisante pour le carburant ne générant pas de restriction et de chute de pression. Dans ce cas la rondelle est dépourvue de patte.In an alternative represented in figure 6 , the intermediate connecting link 104 takes the form of a rigid pin extending in a straight line parallel to the main axis A and the lug 112 is only a small protrusion of the annular disk 108. One could even replace the disc piece 106 by a single washer whose inner diameter would be sufficient to let the needle 16 and the outer diameter would be large enough to receive the intermediate connection 104 while maintaining a passage section sufficient for the fuel does not generate restriction and pressure drop. In this case the washer is devoid of tab.

Lorsque l'aiguille 16 est en position fermée PF, le circuit électrique 84 est fermé et comprend le lien haut 90 et le lien de connexion intermédiaire 104, puis la pièce discale 106, puis le ressort 58, puis l'aiguille 16 jusqu'au siège d'aiguille 48 et enfin le corps de buse 18 depuis le siège de corps de vanne 36 jusqu'à la masse M.When the needle 16 is in the closed position PF, the electrical circuit 84 is closed and comprises the high link 90 and the intermediate connecting link 104, then the disc piece 106, then the spring 58, then the needle 16 to needle seat 48 and finally the nozzle body 18 from the valve body seat 36 to the mass M.

Lorsque l'aiguille 16 est en position entièrement ouverte PO le circuit électrique 84 est également fermé et il comprend le lien haut 90 et le lien de connexion intermédiaire 104, puis la pièce discale 106, puis le ressort 58, puis l'aiguille jusqu'au sommet 52 de la tête, puis le corps de vanne 22 depuis le plafond 56 de la chambre de contrôle jusqu'à la masse M.When the needle 16 is in the fully open position PO the electrical circuit 84 is also closed and it comprises the high link 90 and the intermediate connection link 104, then the disc piece 106, then the spring 58, then the needle until at the top 52 of the head, then the valve body 22 from the ceiling 56 of the control chamber to the mass M.

Les références suivantes ont été utilisées dans la description.

10
injecteur
12
système d'injection
14
buse
16
aiguille
18
corps de buse
20
vanne de contrôle
22
corps de vanne
24
actionneur
26
corps d'actionneur
28
écrou d'injecteur
29
corps de l'injecteur
30
alésage
32
chambre de contrôle
34
extrémité basse
36
siège de corps de vanne
38
trous d'injection
40
guide haut
42
guide bas
44
tête d'aiguille
46
extrémité pointue
48
siège d'aiguille
50
épaulement
52
sommet de tête d'aiguille
54
face inférieure du corps de vanne
56
plafond de la chambre de contrôle
58
ressort
60
alésage principal du corps de vanne
62
espace plus large pour l'armature
64
ensemble armature magnétique et tige de vanne
66
conduit débouchant dans le corps de vanne
68
conduit complémentaire dans le corps d'actionneur
70
connecteur
72
circuit de circulation du carburant
74
circuit haute pression
76
circuit basse pression
78
canal de dérivation
80
canal d'évacuation
82
dispositif de repérage de la position de l'aiguille
84
circuit électrique
86
cosse
88
liaison électrique
90
lien de connexion
92
membre en forme de disque
94
ouverture centrale du disque
96
extension périphérique
98
face d'appui du ressort
100
guide haut indépendant
102
alésage de guidage du guide haut
104
lien de connexion intermédiaire
106
pièce discale
108
disque annulaire
110
ouverture centrale du disque
112
patte de liaison
114
surface d'appui du ressort
120
ouvertures de positionnement
122
coins de centrage
124
larges ouvertures
A
Axe principal
d44
diamètre de tête
PF
position fermée de l'aiguille
PO
position entièrement ouverte
Pi
position intermédiaire
M
masse
ME
mesure électrique
Rie
revêtement isolant électrique
ECU
calculateur
Valim
tension d'alimentation
Ri
résistance d'isolement
Re
résistance électrique
R1 / R2
autres résistances électriques
The following references were used in the description.
10
injector
12
injection system
14
buzzard
16
needle
18
nozzle body
20
control valve
22
valve body
24
actuator
26
actuator body
28
injector nut
29
injector body
30
bore
32
Control Chamber
34
low end
36
valve body seat
38
injection holes
40
guide up
42
low guide
44
needle head
46
pointed end
48
needle seat
50
shoulder
52
needle head
54
underside of the valve body
56
ceiling of the control room
58
spring
60
main bore of the valve body
62
wider space for the frame
64
magnetic armature assembly and valve stem
66
conduit opening into the valve body
68
complementary conduit in the actuator body
70
connector
72
fuel circulation system
74
high pressure circuit
76
low pressure circuit
78
diversion channel
80
evacuation channel
82
device for locating the position of the needle
84
electrical circuit
86
pod
88
electrical connection
90
connection link
92
disc-shaped member
94
central opening of the disc
96
peripheral extension
98
spring support face
100
independent top guide
102
guide boring of the high guide
104
intermediate link
106
disc piece
108
annular disc
110
central opening of the disc
112
link
114
spring support surface
120
positioning openings
122
centering corners
124
wide openings
AT
Main axis
d44
head diameter
PF
closed position of the needle
PO
fully open position
pi
intermediate position
M
mass
ME
electrical measurement
Rie
electrical insulation coating
ECU
calculating
Valim
supply voltage
Ri
insulation resistance
Re
electrical resistance
R1 / R2
other electrical resistors

Claims (4)

  1. Fuel injector (10) comprising a nozzle (14) and a control valve (20), the injector body (29) comprising inter alia the valve body (22) and the nozzle body (18), in which a needle (16) that can move between an entirely open position (PO) and a closed position (PF) and a metal spring (58) compressed between a bearing surface (98) secured to the nozzle body (18) and a shoulder (50) of the needle (16) are arranged, the spring (58) constantly pressing the needle (16) toward the closed position (PF), the injector (10) being arranged in a way that, during use of the injector body (29) is in electrical contact with the electrical ground (M),
    the nozzle (14) comprising the nozzle body (18), an upper guide (40) and a lower guide (42), a valve body seat (36) and injection holes (38), and also comprising the needle (16), which extends between a first end (46) provided with a needle seat (48) and a second end forming the head (44) of the needle, the needle (16) being arranged so as to slide between the upper guide (40) and the lower guide (42) and being capable of moving between the closed position (PF), in which the needle seat (48) is in contact with the valve body seat (36), fuel injection being prevented, and the entirely open position (PO), in which the needle seat (48) is separated from the valve body seat (36), injection being possible,
    the control valve (20) comprising the valve body (22) arranged fixed on the nozzle body (18) so as to define together a control chamber (32) in which the head (44) of the needle is located, the movements of the needle (16) being dependent on the pressure variations in the control chamber (32) so that, in the entirely open position (PO), the top (52) of the head (44) of the needle is in contact with a wall (56) of the control chamber, said wall forming the roof (56) of the control chamber,
    the injector (10) furthermore being provided with a device (82) for identifying the position of the needle, in which an electrical circuit (84) is closed when the needle (16) is in the entirely open position (PO) and also when the needle (16) is in the closed position (PF), the needle (16) then being in electrical contact with the ground (M), the circuit (84) being open in any other intermediate position (Pi) of the needle (16), the needle (16) not being grounded (M),
    characterized in that
    the device (82) for identifying the position of the needle makes it possible to generate a variable electrical signal (S) representing the position of the needle (16), the device (82) comprising
    the electrical insulation (Rie) of the surfaces of the needle (16), or of the injector body (29), which may be in contact with one another, except for the needle seat (48) and the valve body seat (36), the top (52) of the head of the needle and the roof (56) of the control chamber (32), and the bearing shoulder (50) of the spring (58) on the needle (16) and the bearing face (98) of the spring secured to the nozzle body, and wherein
    the upper guide (40) is integrated with the nozzle body (18), the interface between the nozzle body (18) and the valve body (22) being planar, the electrical device (82) furthermore comprising a member in the form of a planar disk (92) arranged between the nozzle body (18) and the valve body (22), the disk (92) being provided with an opening (94) located just above the control chamber (32), the opening (94) being slightly smaller than the control chamber (32) so that the disk (92) extends at the periphery (96) of the roof (56) of the control chamber, the disk (92) being formed by a metal disk provided with an electrically insulating coating (Rie) on its two opposite faces, except for the perimeter of the opening located at the periphery (96) of the roof, an insulator-free surface against which the spring (58) bears, so that in the entirely open position (PO) the head (44) of the needle extends through the opening (94) and its top (52) is in contact with the roof (56) of the control chamber.
  2. Injector (10) according to Claim 1, wherein the planar disk (92) is provided with positioning openings (120) and with protuberances (122) extending perpendicularly to the plane of the disk (92) from the perimeter of said positioning openings (120), so as to be arranged in a complementary fashion in blind positioning holes provided in the valve body (22) and in the nozzle body (18) .
  3. Injector (10) according to either of Claims 1 and 2, wherein the electrical connection furthermore comprises an intermediate connection link passing through a leaktight conduit (66) crossing the valve body (22), the connection link (90) extending from an end connected to the metal disk (92) to said external end (86).
  4. Fuel injector (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the circuit (84) furthermore comprises an electrical connection (84, 90, 92, 104, 106) extending from the spring (58) to an end (86) external to the injector, such as a lug (86) of a connector (70), so that an electrical measurement (ME) can be carried out between said external end (86) and the ground (M).
EP15736450.6A 2014-07-22 2015-07-08 Fuel injector Active EP3172429B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18152426.5A EP3346124B1 (en) 2014-07-22 2015-07-08 Fuel injector

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1457078A FR3024183B1 (en) 2014-07-22 2014-07-22 FUEL INJECTOR
PCT/EP2015/065583 WO2016012242A1 (en) 2014-07-22 2015-07-08 Fuel injector

Related Child Applications (2)

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EP18152426.5A Division EP3346124B1 (en) 2014-07-22 2015-07-08 Fuel injector
EP18152426.5A Division-Into EP3346124B1 (en) 2014-07-22 2015-07-08 Fuel injector

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3172429A1 EP3172429A1 (en) 2017-05-31
EP3172429B1 true EP3172429B1 (en) 2018-06-06

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EP15736450.6A Active EP3172429B1 (en) 2014-07-22 2015-07-08 Fuel injector
EP18152426.5A Active EP3346124B1 (en) 2014-07-22 2015-07-08 Fuel injector

Family Applications After (1)

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EP18152426.5A Active EP3346124B1 (en) 2014-07-22 2015-07-08 Fuel injector

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US10502172B2 (en)
EP (2) EP3172429B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6516386B2 (en)
CN (1) CN106662055B (en)
FR (1) FR3024183B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2016012242A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3024183B1 (en) * 2014-07-22 2019-07-26 Delphi Technologies Ip Limited FUEL INJECTOR
GB201511007D0 (en) * 2015-06-23 2015-08-05 Delphi Int Operations Lux Srl Nozzle assembly with adaptive closed signal
GB2547684A (en) * 2016-02-26 2017-08-30 Delphi Int Operations Luxembourg Sarl Fuel injector for a combustion engine
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EP3172429A1 (en) 2017-05-31
FR3024183B1 (en) 2019-07-26
CN106662055A (en) 2017-05-10
FR3024183A1 (en) 2016-01-29
EP3346124B1 (en) 2020-06-17
US20170268473A1 (en) 2017-09-21
EP3346124A1 (en) 2018-07-11
WO2016012242A1 (en) 2016-01-28
JP2017524864A (en) 2017-08-31
CN106662055B (en) 2019-04-23
JP6516386B2 (en) 2019-05-22
US10502172B2 (en) 2019-12-10

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