EP2808532B1 - Fuel injector - Google Patents
Fuel injector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2808532B1 EP2808532B1 EP13169872.2A EP13169872A EP2808532B1 EP 2808532 B1 EP2808532 B1 EP 2808532B1 EP 13169872 A EP13169872 A EP 13169872A EP 2808532 B1 EP2808532 B1 EP 2808532B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- injector
- duct
- discharge duct
- return duct
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/03—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for reducing or avoiding stress, e.g. the stress caused by mechanical force, by fluid pressure or by temperature variations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a diesel fuel injector and more particularly to the arrangement of fuel return channels to the low pressure spaces.
- a diesel fuel injector includes a cylindrical body in which a control needle is driven to inject fuel through the holes of an injection nozzle, or to plug the nozzle and prohibit the passage of fuel.
- the fuel flows at high pressure to the injection nozzle part of the fuel is diverted to a control chamber in which opens the upstream end of the needle.
- a solenoid valve which opens or closes a discharge channel of very small section generally less than 1 mm in diameter by which the fuel of the control chamber can be discharged to the low pressure, see EP1284358 , DE19826719 and EP0449662 .
- the solenoid valve controls the pressure in the control chamber and thereby the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the needle which moves in function.
- the solenoid valve moves at a frequency of more than 100 Hz to open or close the small discharge channel in which the fuel can be at more than 2000 bar.
- the present invention aims to remedy the disadvantages mentioned above by proposing a simple and economical solution.
- the invention provides a diesel fuel injector having a body in which the pressurized fuel flows between an inlet and a needle-controlled injection nozzle.
- the needle moves axially under the influence of the pressure difference between a control chamber arranged upstream of the needle and the injection nozzle downstream.
- the injector further comprises a controlled valve controlling the pressure in said control chamber by opening or closing a discharge channel extending from the control chamber and opening into a cylindrical low-pressure return channel of greater section.
- the return channel is provided with an enlarged zone into which the discharge channel opens so that the mechanical stresses associated with the passage of the pressurized fuel C and the cycles of the valve are reduced.
- the widened zone of the return channel comprises a cylindrical section into which the discharge channel opens.
- the cylindrical section of the widened zone widens into a conical section into which the discharge channel also opens, the angle of the cone being substantially equal to the angle between the axis of the channel of the discharge and the axis of the return channel.
- the axis of the discharge channel is substantially parallel to a generatrix of the conical section.
- a radial surface joins the return channel to the conical section which connects with the conical section along a connecting surface into which also the discharge channel opens. More specifically, the connecting surface is a leave forming a toric surface.
- the return channel is widened only on a partial angular sector around the axis of the return channel, in which sector the discharge channel opens.
- the invention also relates to a fuel injection device comprising an injector produced according to the preceding paragraphs
- an injector 10 comprises a body 12 in which is arranged a solenoid valve 14 which controls the pressure in a control chamber 16 arranged upstream of the needle (not shown) of the injector 10.
- a discharge channel 18 of very small section, of the order of one millimeter squared, extends axially along a discharge axis D of the control chamber 16 to a low pressure return channel 20 which extends, as for him, along a return axis R.
- the return channel 20 of larger diameter than the discharge channel 18, is arranged axially sliding the shaft of the solenoid valve 14 which moves between a closed position in which it closes the discharge channel 18, and an open position in which it releases the outlet of the discharge channel 18, the high pressure fuel C can then flow to the return channel 20 in the direction of the arrows F of the figure 1 .
- the two channels 18, 20, are cylindrical of revolution and the two axes D, R, are concurrent forming between them an acute angle A1. In a construction alternative, the axes may not be concurrent.
- the section of the return channel 20 in the connection zone 22 of the two channels 18, 20 is increased relative to the section. base 24 of said channel 20.
- connection zone 22 comprises first a section cylindrical 26 then flaring out into a conical section 28, whose cone angle A2 is substantially equal to the acute angle A1, and which ends with a toric section 30 connecting to the base section 24.
- the toric section 30 firstly comprises a toric surface 32 of circular transverse profile connecting tangentially in "top” surface continuity with the conical section 26 and “below” with a radial surface 34 extending transversely to the return axis R to the base section 24. It will be noted on the figure 2 that said radial surface 34 may not be exactly transverse to the return axis R, but slightly inclined.
- the three sections 26, 28, 30 are coaxial along the return axis R and the discharge channel 18 opens into the return channel 20 having a common intersection with each of the three sections 26, 28, 30.
- the angle A2 of the conical section 26 is substantially equal to the acute angle A1 and the discharge channel 18 is arranged so that the discharge axis D is almost coincident with an edge of the conical section 30.
- one half of the cross section of the discharge channel 18, pictorially designated the “high half” 36 is “external” to the conical section 28 and extends parallel “above” the cone to join the cylindrical section 26.
- the "high” 36 and “low” halves 38 have been symbolically separated by a dashed line P.
- the discharge channel 18 enters the connection zone 22 according to a closed intersection curve 40, represented by a center line on the figure 2 , comprising in the conical portion two parallel lines, or quasi, joined "up” in the cylindrical section by a two-cylinder part and, “down” in the O-ring, by another two-cylinder curve.
- a closed intersection curve 40 represented by a center line on the figure 2 , comprising in the conical portion two parallel lines, or quasi, joined "up” in the cylindrical section by a two-cylinder part and, "down” in the O-ring, by another two-cylinder curve.
- the sharp edges are broken by forming chamfers or fillet of connections 42.
- the toric surface can be replaced by a conical surface forming a chamfer, or a surface of another shape, between the conical section and the radial surface.
- the enlarged area may comprise only a cylindrical section.
- connection zone 22 is a zone of complete revolution extending over 360 ° relative to the return axis R.
- the connecting zone 22 is widened only on a reduced angular sector A3 and limited to what is necessary to arrange the penetration of the discharge channel 18. In that case, the left half of the figure 1 remains unchanged while in the right part the return channel 20 is not widened.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un injecteur de carburant diesel et plus particulièrement l'agencement de canaux de retour du carburant vers les espaces basse pression.The present invention relates to a diesel fuel injector and more particularly to the arrangement of fuel return channels to the low pressure spaces.
Un injecteur de carburant diesel comprend un corps cylindrique dans lequel une aiguille de commande est pilotée pour injecter le carburant via les trous d'une buse d'injection, ou pour boucher la buse et interdire le passage du carburant. Dans le corps, le carburant circule à haute pression vers la buse d'injection une partie du carburant est déviée vers une chambre de commande dans laquelle débouche l'extrémité amont de l'aiguille. Dans le corps est également agencée une électrovanne qui ouvre ou ferme un canal de décharge de très faible section généralement inférieur à 1 mm de diamètre par lequel le carburant de la chambre de commande peut être évacué vers la basse pression, voir
L'électrovanne se déplace à une fréquence de plus de 100 Hz pour ouvrir ou fermer le petit canal de décharge dans lequel le carburant peut être à plus de 2000 bars. Ces paramètres conjugués génèrent des contraintes mécaniques élevées, cycliques et concentrées à la sortie du canal de décharge et qui fatiguent le matériau du corps.The solenoid valve moves at a frequency of more than 100 Hz to open or close the small discharge channel in which the fuel can be at more than 2000 bar. These conjugated parameters generate high mechanical stresses, cyclic and concentrated at the exit of the discharge channel and which fatigue the body material.
La présente invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients mentionnés précédemment en proposant une solution simple et économique.The present invention aims to remedy the disadvantages mentioned above by proposing a simple and economical solution.
Dans ce but, l'invention propose un injecteur de carburant diesel ayant un corps dans lequel le carburant sous pression circule entre une entrée et une buse d'injection contrôlée par une aiguille. L'aiguille se déplace axialement sous l'influence de la différence de pression entre une chambre de commande agencée en amont de l'aiguille et la buse d'injection en aval. L'injecteur comprend de plus une vanne pilotée contrôlant la pression dans ladite chambre de commande en ouvrant ou fermant un canal de décharge s'étendant de la chambre de commande et débouchant dans un canal cylindrique de retour basse pression de plus forte section. Le canal de retour est pourvu d'une zone élargie dans laquelle débouche le canal de décharge de sorte que soient diminuées les contraintes mécaniques liées au passage du carburant C sous pression et aux cycles de la vanne.For this purpose, the invention provides a diesel fuel injector having a body in which the pressurized fuel flows between an inlet and a needle-controlled injection nozzle. The needle moves axially under the influence of the pressure difference between a control chamber arranged upstream of the needle and the injection nozzle downstream. The injector further comprises a controlled valve controlling the pressure in said control chamber by opening or closing a discharge channel extending from the control chamber and opening into a cylindrical low-pressure return channel of greater section. The return channel is provided with an enlarged zone into which the discharge channel opens so that the mechanical stresses associated with the passage of the pressurized fuel C and the cycles of the valve are reduced.
Plus précisément, selon l'invention, la zone élargie du canal de retour comprend un tronçon cylindrique dans lequel débouche le canal de décharge. De plus, selon l'invention, le tronçon cylindrique de la zone élargie s'évase en un tronçon conique dans lequel débouche également le canal de décharge, l'angle du cône étant sensiblement égal à l'angle entre l'axe du canal de décharge et l'axe du canal de retour. Ainsi l'axe du canal de décharge est sensiblement parallèle à une génératrice du tronçon conique.More precisely, according to the invention, the widened zone of the return channel comprises a cylindrical section into which the discharge channel opens. In addition, according to the invention, the cylindrical section of the widened zone widens into a conical section into which the discharge channel also opens, the angle of the cone being substantially equal to the angle between the axis of the channel of the discharge and the axis of the return channel. Thus the axis of the discharge channel is substantially parallel to a generatrix of the conical section.
A l'extrémité de la zone élargie du canal de retour, une surface radiale joint le canal de retour au tronçon conique qui se raccorde avec le tronçon conique selon une surface de raccordement dans lequel débouche également le canal de décharge. Plus précisément, la surface de raccordement est un congé formant une surface torique.At the end of the widened zone of the return channel, a radial surface joins the return channel to the conical section which connects with the conical section along a connecting surface into which also the discharge channel opens. More specifically, the connecting surface is a leave forming a toric surface.
Dans un cas particuliers, le canal de retour n'est élargi que sur un secteur angulaire partiel autour de l'axe du canal de retour, secteur dans lequel débouche le canal de décharge.In a particular case, the return channel is widened only on a partial angular sector around the axis of the return channel, in which sector the discharge channel opens.
L'invention est également relative à un dispositif d'injection de carburant comprenant un injecteur réalisé selon les paragraphes précédentsThe invention also relates to a fuel injection device comprising an injector produced according to the preceding paragraphs
D'autres caractéristiques, buts et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, et en regard des dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemple non limitatif et sur lesquels:
- la
figure 1 est une vue en coupe de l'intersection entre un canal de décharge haute pression et un canal de retour basse pression. - la
figure 2 est un détail de lafigure 1 . - la
figure 3 est une coupe en vue de dessus de la pénétration du canal de décharge dans le canal de retour réalisée selon un autre mode de réalisation.
- the
figure 1 is a sectional view of the intersection between a high pressure discharge channel and a low pressure return channel. - the
figure 2 is a detail of thefigure 1 . - the
figure 3 is a sectional view from above of the penetration of the discharge channel in the return channel made according to another embodiment.
Notons que dans un but de clarté des figures et de netteté des traits facilitant l'interprétation du texte, le corps de l'injecteur dans lequel sont réalisés les canaux n'a pas été hachuré selon la convention habituelle.Note that for the sake of clarity of the figures and sharpness of the features facilitating the interpretation of the text, the body of the injector in which the channels are made has not been hatched according to the usual convention.
Dans un système d'injection 8 de carburant diesel, un injecteur 10 comprend un corps 12 dans lequel est agencée une électrovanne 14 qui contrôle la pression dans une chambre de commande 16 agencée en amont de l'aiguille (non représentée) de l'injecteur 10. Un canal de décharge 18 de très faible section, de l'ordre de un millimètre carré, s'étend axialement selon un axe de décharge D de la chambre de commande 16 à un canal de retour 20 basse pression qui s'étend, quant à lui, selon un axe de retour R. Dans le canal de retour 20, de plus fort diamètre que le canal de décharge 18, est agencé axialement coulissant l'arbre de l'électrovanne 14 qui se déplace entre une position fermée dans laquelle il obture le canal de décharge 18, et une position ouverte dans laquelle il libère la sortie du canal de décharge 18, le carburant C à haute pression pouvant alors circuler vers le canal de retour 20 dans le sens des flèches F de la
Les deux canaux 18, 20, sont cylindriques de révolution et les deux axes D, R, sont concourants formant entre eux un angle aigu A1. Dans une alternative de construction, les axes pourraient ne pas être concourants. Dans le but de diminuer les effets de la fatigue du matériau liés aux contraintes mécaniques engendrées par le passage cyclique du carburant, la section du canal de retour 20 dans la zone de raccordement 22 des deux canaux 18, 20, est augmentée relativement à la section de base 24 dudit canal 20.The two
En adoptant de manière conventionnelle et non limitative l'orientation de haut en bas des figures, c'est-à-dire à l'inverse du sens d'écoulement F du carburant C, la zone de raccordement 22 comprend d'abord un tronçon cylindrique 26 s'évasant ensuite en un tronçon conique 28, dont l'angle de cône A2 est sensiblement égal à l'angle aigu A1, et qui se termine par un tronçon torique 30 de raccordement à la section de base 24.By adopting in a conventional and nonlimiting manner the orientation from top to bottom of the figures, that is to say, contrary to the flow direction F of the fuel C, the
Le tronçon torique 30 comprend d'abord une surface torique 32 de profil transversal circulaire se raccordant tangentiellement en continuité de surface « en haut » avec le tronçon conique 26 et, « en bas » avec une surface radiale 34 s'étendant transversalement à l'axe de retour R jusqu'à la section de base 24. On remarquera sur la
Les trois tronçons 26, 28, 30, sont coaxiaux selon l'axe de retour R et, le canal de décharge 18 débouche dans le canal de retour 20 en ayant une intersection commune avec chacun des trois tronçons 26, 28, 30.The three
L'angle A2 du tronçon conique 26 est sensiblement égal à l'angle aigu A1 et le canal de décharge 18 est agencé de sorte que l'axe de décharge D soit quasiment confondu avec une arête du tronçon conique 30. Ainsi une moitié de la section transversale du canal de décharge 18, désignée de manière imagée la « moitié haute » 36, est « extérieure » au tronçon conique 28 et s'étend parallèlement « au-dessus » du cône jusqu'à rejoindre le tronçon cylindrique 26. La moitié « basse » 38 complémentaire rejoint, quant à elle, la zone de raccordement 22 en entrant en intersection avec le tronçon torique 30. Sur la
Le canal de décharge 18 pénètre la zone de raccordement 22 selon une courbe d'intersection 40 fermée, matérialisée par un trait d'axe sur la
Dans l'ensemble de cette construction et en particulier tout au long de la courbe d'intersection 40, les arêtes vives sont cassées en aménageant des chanfreins ou un congé de raccordements 42. Par ailleurs, la surface torique peut être remplacée par une surface conique formant un chanfrein, ou une surface d'une autre forme, entre le tronçon conique et la surface radiale. Enfin, dans une version simplifiée pouvant parfaitement convenir, la zone élargie peut ne comprendre qu'un tronçon cylindrique.Throughout this construction and in particular throughout the
Dans la construction précédemment décrite la zone de raccordement 22 est une zone de révolution complète s'étendant sur 360° relativement à l'axe de retour R. Dans une alternative, dont la
Claims (6)
- Diesel fuel injector (10) having a body (12) in which the pressurized fuel (C) circulates between an inlet and an injection nozzle controlled by a needle, the needle moving axially under the influence of the pressure difference between a control chamber (16) arranged upstream of the needle and the injection nozzle downstream, the injector (10) further comprising a controlled valve (14) which controls the pressure in said control chamber (16) by opening or closing a discharge duct (18) extending from the control chamber (16) and opening into a low-pressure cylindrical return duct (20) of larger cross section, characterized in that
the return duct (20) is provided with an enlarged region (22) into which the discharge duct (18) opens, with the result that the mechanical stresses linked with the passage of the pressurized fuel (C) and with the cycles of the valve (14) are reduced, and wherein
the enlarged region (22) of the return duct (20) comprises a cylindrical section (26) into which the discharge duct (18) opens, and wherein
the cylindrical section (26) of the enlarged region (22) widens into a conical section (28) into which the discharge duct (18) also opens, the angle (A2) of the cone being substantially equal to the angle (A2) between the axis (D) of the discharge duct and the axis (R) of the return duct, with the result that the axis (D) of the discharge duct (22) is substantially parallel to a generatrix of the conical section (28). - Injector (10) according to Claim 1, in which a radial surface (34) joins the return duct (20) to the conical section (28) at the end of the enlarged region (22) of the return duct (20).
- Injector (10) according to Claim 2, in which the conical section (28) and the radial surface (34) are connected along a connecting surface (32) into which the discharge duct (18) also opens.
- Injector (10) according to Claim 3, in which the connecting surface (32) is a fillet forming a toroidal surface (32).
- Injector (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the return duct (20) is enlarged only over a partial angular sector (A3) about the axis (R) of the return duct, the discharge duct (18) opening into said sector.
- Fuel injection device (8) comprising an injector (10) produced according to any one of the preceding claims.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13169872.2A EP2808532B1 (en) | 2013-05-30 | 2013-05-30 | Fuel injector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13169872.2A EP2808532B1 (en) | 2013-05-30 | 2013-05-30 | Fuel injector |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2808532A1 EP2808532A1 (en) | 2014-12-03 |
EP2808532B1 true EP2808532B1 (en) | 2017-08-16 |
Family
ID=48520803
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13169872.2A Active EP2808532B1 (en) | 2013-05-30 | 2013-05-30 | Fuel injector |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2808532B1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5192026A (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1993-03-09 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Fuel injectors and methods for making fuel injectors |
GB2285096B (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1997-12-03 | Caterpillar Inc | Method of operating a high-pressure apparatus such as a fuel injector |
DE19826719A1 (en) * | 1998-06-16 | 1999-12-23 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Valve control unit for a fuel injector |
ITTO20010814A1 (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2003-02-14 | Fiat Ricerche | FUEL INJECTOR FOR AN ENDOTHERMAL ENGINE AND RELATED MANUFACTURING METHODS. |
GB0602742D0 (en) * | 2005-06-06 | 2006-03-22 | Delphi Tech Inc | Machining method |
DE102006036103A1 (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2008-02-07 | Siemens Ag | Tube arrangement for fuel injection system of internal-combustion engine in motor vehicle, has fluid channel in slot wall section flowing in slot of another fluid channel so that axial direction is inclined around angle of inclination |
-
2013
- 2013-05-30 EP EP13169872.2A patent/EP2808532B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2808532A1 (en) | 2014-12-03 |
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