EP3164373A1 - Mit einer oberflächenbeschichtung beschichtetes teil und zugehörige verfahren - Google Patents

Mit einer oberflächenbeschichtung beschichtetes teil und zugehörige verfahren

Info

Publication number
EP3164373A1
EP3164373A1 EP15732611.7A EP15732611A EP3164373A1 EP 3164373 A1 EP3164373 A1 EP 3164373A1 EP 15732611 A EP15732611 A EP 15732611A EP 3164373 A1 EP3164373 A1 EP 3164373A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
silicon
alloy
cobalt
nickel
surface coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15732611.7A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Emilie Courcot
Eric Philippe
Eric Bouillon
Sébastien JIMENEZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Ceramics SA
Original Assignee
Safran Ceramics SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Safran Ceramics SA filed Critical Safran Ceramics SA
Publication of EP3164373A1 publication Critical patent/EP3164373A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/284—Selection of ceramic materials
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    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
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    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/611—Coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Definitions

  • the invention relates to ceramic matrix composite material (CMC) parts comprising a surface coating, their use in turbomachines and methods of manufacturing such parts.
  • CMC ceramic matrix composite material
  • Composite materials CMC are able to constitute parts intended to be exposed in service at high temperatures and have the advantage of maintaining good mechanical properties at high temperatures.
  • SiC silicon carbide
  • Oxide coatings used to improve corrosion resistance and smooth the surface can be developed by plasma spraying or flash sintering.
  • Carbide type coatings can, for their part, be made by powder coating technologies (paint, dipping dip-coating, injection or overmoulding, for example) followed by consolidation by gas.
  • phase of NiSi 2 and optionally a phase of Si, and / or
  • the thickness of the surface coating may, for example, be less than or equal to 300 ⁇ in the blade root area and / or be less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m. in the area of the blade.
  • the thickness of the surface coating may vary as one moves along the outer surface of the workpiece.
  • Such variation of the thickness advantageously allows to have a room whose coating has different functions depending on the area.
  • the thickness of the surface coating may be substantially constant as one moves along the outer surface of the workpiece.
  • the surface coating may further comprise fillers and / or ceramic material.
  • the charges present within the surface coating may be chosen from: SiC, S13N4 or BN, and mixtures thereof.
  • the ceramic material present within the surface coating may be chosen from ceramic materials derived from the pyrolysis of preceramic resins, the preceramic resins being for example chosen from: polycarbosilanes, polysilazanes, polyborosilanes, and mixtures thereof.
  • the surface coating may, in an exemplary embodiment, have substantially the same composition when moving along the outer surface of the workpiece.
  • the composition of the surface coating varies as one moves along the outer surface of the workpiece.
  • Such a variation of the composition advantageously allows to have a room whose coating has different functions depending on the area.
  • the fibers of the fibrous reinforcement are advantageously coated with an interphase layer.
  • an interphase is advantageous insofar as it makes it possible to increase the mechanical strength of the fibers constituting the fibrous reinforcement by allowing in particular a deflection of the possible cracks of the matrix so that these do not affect the integrity fibers.
  • the interphase layer may comprise, in particular, pyrocarbon (PyC), boron doped pyrocarbon or BN.
  • the interphase layer may be multi-sequenced or not, for example comprising a repetition of [PyC / Carbide], [BC / Carbide] or [BN / Carbide] sequences.
  • the fibers of the fibrous reinforcement are advantageously coated with a barrier layer, which is, for example, in the form of a self-healing carbide matrix.
  • the part may constitute an aeronautical engine blade having at least one blade root and a blade and may be such that the surface coating covers at least the blade root.
  • the part may constitute a turbine ring sector comprising one or more attachment portions to a metal ring support structure and may be such that the surface coating covers at least one or more attachment portions. .
  • the present invention also relates to a turbomachine wheel comprising:
  • a wheel disk comprising a blade attachment part, said fixing part comprising an alloy comprising nickel and / or cobalt, and
  • the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a part as defined above, comprising the following steps:
  • the method may further comprise, after step a) and before step b), a step c) of depositing on the external surface of the composite material part of a second set of charges and / or a preceramic resin and the process may be such that the alloy of silicon and nickel or the alloy of silicon and cobalt in the molten state infiltrates during step b) within the second set of charges and / or preceramic resin to form the surface coating.
  • the charges of the second set of charges may or may not be reactive.
  • the non-reactive charges of the second set of charges may, for example, be chosen from: SiC, S13IM4 or BN, and their mixtures.
  • the reactive charges of the second set of charges may, for example, be chosen from: C, B 4 C, SiB 6 , and mixtures thereof.
  • the method according to the invention can therefore implement two steps of infiltration in the molten state ("melt-infiltration"), the first to form the ceramic matrix and the second to form the surface coating.
  • the formation of the surface coating may comprise a step of contacting an alloy of silicon and nickel or a silicon and cobalt alloy in the molten state with fillers, for example reactive fillers or alternatively non-reactive fillers, and / or with a preceramic resin.
  • fillers for example reactive fillers or alternatively non-reactive fillers, and / or with a preceramic resin.
  • Non-reactive fillers may, for example, be selected from: SiC, Si 3 N 4 or BN, and mixtures thereof.
  • Reactive loads can, for example, be chosen from: C, B 4 C, SiB 6 , and mixtures thereof.
  • the part can be covered, before melting of the alloy of silicon and nickel or of the alloy of silicon and cobalt, on its external surface by a precursor coating layer comprising, on the one hand, the silicon alloy and nickel or the alloy of silicon and cobalt and, on the other hand, fillers, for example reactive fillers or alternatively non-reactive fillers, and / or preceramic resin.
  • a precursor coating layer comprising, on the one hand, the silicon alloy and nickel or the alloy of silicon and cobalt and, on the other hand, fillers, for example reactive fillers or alternatively non-reactive fillers, and / or preceramic resin.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of an exemplary method for preparing a part according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a more detailed flow chart of an exemplary method for preparing a part according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of an alternative method for preparing a part according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a part according to the invention constituting a turbomachine blade
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a turbomachine wheel according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section of a part 1 made of composite material comprising a fibrous reinforcement (not shown) densified by a ceramic matrix 2.
  • the part 1 has on its surface external 3 a surface coating in solid form 4 comprising a, in particular formed of a silicon alloy and nickel or an alloy of silicon and cobalt.
  • the surface coating 4 may further comprise fillers and / or ceramic material.
  • the surface coating 4 does not penetrate within the matrix 2.
  • the surface coating 4 remains, in fact, in the example shown entirely on the outer surface 3 of the piece 1. We do not leave the frame of the invention if the surface coating penetrates within the matrix as the majority of the mass of the latter remains on the outer surface of the part (and therefore outside thereof).
  • the thickness e of the surface coating 4 may, as illustrated, be substantially constant as one moves along the outer surface 3 of the part. In a variant not shown, the thickness e of the surface coating varies as one moves along the outer surface of the part.
  • the surface coating 4 can, as illustrated, take the shape of the piece 1.
  • the surface S of the surface coating located on the side opposite the piece 1 has the same shape as the external surface 3 of the piece 1 .
  • the son used may be silicon carbide (SiC) son provided under the name "Nicalon”, “Hi-Nicalon” or “Hi-Nicalon-S” by the Japanese company Nippon Carbon or “Tyranno SA3 "by the company UBE and having a titre (number of filaments) of 0.5K (500 filaments).
  • SiC silicon carbide
  • the liquid process consists of impregnating the preform with a liquid composition containing a precursor of the matrix material.
  • the precursor is usually in the form of a polymer, such as a resin, optionally diluted in a solvent.
  • the preform is placed in a mold which can be sealed with a housing having the shape of the molded end piece. Then, the mold is closed and the liquid matrix precursor (for example a resin) is injected throughout the housing to impregnate the entire fibrous portion of the preform.
  • the heat treatment comprises a step of pyrolysis of the precursor to form the ceramic matrix.
  • liquid precursors of ceramics in particular of SiC, may be polycarbosilane (PCS) or polytitanocarbosilane (PTCS) or polysilazane (PSZ) type resins.
  • PCS polycarbosilane
  • PTCS polytitanocarbosilane
  • PSZ polysilazane
  • the formation of an SiC matrix can be obtained with methyltrichlorosilane (MTS) giving SiC by decomposition of the MTS.
  • MTS methyltrichlorosilane
  • melt -infiltration it is possible to manufacture the part according to the invention by implementing other methods for densifying the fibrous reinforcement with a ceramic matrix such as in particular melt infiltration processes ("melt -infiltration ").
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 will now describe processes for preparing parts according to the invention which implement a step of infiltrating a fibrous preform in order to form the ceramic matrix.
  • the infiltration composition may consist of molten silicon or alternatively may be in the form of a molten silicon alloy and one or more other components.
  • the constituent (s) present at Within the silicon alloy may be selected from B, Al, Mo, Ti, and mixtures thereof.
  • the fibers of the fibrous reinforcement may, before infiltration of the infiltration composition, have been coated with an interphase layer, for example silicon-doped BN or BN, as well as with a carbide layer, for example made of SiC and / or S13N4, for example made by gas.
  • an interphase layer for example silicon-doped BN or BN
  • a carbide layer for example made of SiC and / or S13N4, for example made by gas.
  • step 20 it is then possible to proceed to an optional step of depositing charges and / or a preceramic resin on the outer surface of the part (step 20).
  • the alloy of silicon and nickel or silicon and cobalt in the molten state can infiltrate these charges and / or this resin during step 30.
  • FIG. 3 shows a more detailed flow chart of a method for manufacturing a part according to the invention according to the variant represented in FIG. 2.
  • This method may comprise the following steps: - Preparation of a fiber preform, for example based on Hi-Nicalon S fibers (step 5), for example by weaving and preforming liquid and / or gaseous, the fibers of the fiber preform being coated with a layer of interphase (step 6), for example PyC or BN, and a coating for (i) avoiding a reaction between the infiltration composition on the one hand and the fibers and the interphase on the other part and (ii) consolidate the fiber preform (step 7), the coating being for example carbide, for example SiC, B 4 C and / or SiBC, and may include a self-healing matrix, the coating can be deposited by CVI,
  • step 8 this step is optional in the embodiment considered
  • step 10 melt infiltration process
  • step 10 melt infiltration process
  • a second set of charges for example chosen from: SiC, SiO 4 , C, MO 2 C, B 4 C and mixtures thereof, and / or a preceramic resin, for example PCS, PSZ or a phenolic resin, the deposition being for example carried out by soaking ("dip-coating"), overmoulding or RTM, the deposition carried out being of variable thickness and / or variable composition when moving along the outer surface of the part, for example according to different functional areas of the part, in the example illustrated in FIG. 3, a deposition of SiC charges has been realized,
  • step 31 this step is optional in the exemplary embodiment considered).
  • a precursor coating layer comprising reactive fillers, for example selected from SiC, C, S13N4, Mo 2 C, B 4 C and mixtures thereof, and / or a preceramic resin, for example PCS, PSZ or a phenolic resin, and / or an alloy of silicon and nickel or silicon and cobalt, the coating precursor layer being formed for example after soaking ("dip-coating"), overmoulding or RTM, the precursor coating layer being be of variable thickness and / or variable composition when moving along the outer surface of the part, for example according to the different functional areas of the part, the precursor coating layer may, in addition, possibly smooth all or part of the area of the outer surface of the part on which it is formed, and
  • the invention is applicable to various types of turbomachine blades, in particular compressor and turbine blades of different gas turbine bodies, for example a low-pressure turbine wheel vane, such as that illustrated in FIG. 5. .
  • the blade 100 of FIG. 5 comprises, in a well-known manner, a blade 101, a foot 102 formed by a part of greater thickness, for example with a bulbous section, extended by a stilt 103, an inner platform 110 located between the stilt 103 and the blade 101 and an outer platform or heel 120 in the vicinity of the free end of the blade.
  • the blade root 102 is, in the example illustrated, covered by a surface coating comprising an alloy of silicon and nickel or an alloy of silicon and cobalt (not shown).
  • the blade root is coated with a first surface coating comprising an alloy of silicon and nickel or silicon and cobalt and the blade is coated with a second coating surface, identical or different from the first surface coating, for example to smooth the surface of said blade.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of a turbomachine wheel 200 according to the invention.
  • the parts according to the invention can be fixed on different types of turbine rotors, in particular compressor and compressor rotors.
  • turbine of different gas turbine bodies for example a low pressure turbine (LP) impeller, such as that illustrated in FIG.
  • LP low pressure turbine
  • FIG. 6 shows a turbomachine wheel 200 comprising a hub 130 on which are mounted a plurality of blades 100 according to the invention, each blade 100 comprising a base 102 formed by a part of greater thickness, for example with shaped section. bulb, which is engaged in a corresponding housing 131 formed at the periphery of the hub 130 and a blade 101.
  • the housing wall 131 comprises nickel and / or cobalt.
  • the wheel 200 further comprises a plurality of blade heel elements 120 mounted on each of the blades 100.
  • Parts according to the invention can be attached to turbines of low or high pressure turbojets.
  • the parts according to the invention can equip turbojets, for example CFM 56 type, LEAP X or M88.
  • the parts according to the invention can also equip gas turbines.
  • a slurry comprising an aqueous liquid medium loaded to 20% by volume of a silicon carbide powder was injected into the partially densified consolidated texture by a submicron powder suction process.
  • the silicon carbide powder used had a particle size d50 of 0.6 ⁇ .
  • the texture impregnated with the slurry was then placed in an oven and dried for three hours at 60 ° C. At the end of this step, the resulting texture had a density of 2.3 and a porosity of 23% by volume.
  • the densification of the texture thus obtained was then finalized by infiltration of silicon in the molten state.
  • a boron nitride anti-wetting composition was applied to the faces of the texture to prevent molten silicon from spilling out of the workpiece.
  • the texture was then infiltrated with silicon in the molten state.
  • the infiltration by the molten silicon was carried out under 5 mbar of argon with two consecutive temperature stages:

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
EP15732611.7A 2014-07-03 2015-06-24 Mit einer oberflächenbeschichtung beschichtetes teil und zugehörige verfahren Withdrawn EP3164373A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1456390A FR3023211B1 (fr) 2014-07-03 2014-07-03 Piece revetue par un revetement de surface et procedes associes
PCT/EP2015/064203 WO2016001026A1 (fr) 2014-07-03 2015-06-24 Piece revêtue par un revêtement de surface et procedes associes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3164373A1 true EP3164373A1 (de) 2017-05-10

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Country Link
US (1) US20170159459A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3164373A1 (de)
CN (1) CN107001162A (de)
FR (1) FR3023211B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2016001026A1 (de)

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US10465534B2 (en) 2015-06-05 2019-11-05 Rolls-Royce North American Technologies, Inc. Machinable CMC insert
US10472976B2 (en) * 2015-06-05 2019-11-12 Rolls-Royce Corporation Machinable CMC insert
US10458653B2 (en) * 2015-06-05 2019-10-29 Rolls-Royce Corporation Machinable CMC insert
EP3153666A1 (de) * 2015-10-06 2017-04-12 MTU Aero Engines GmbH Keramische hybrid-schaufel für strömungsmaschinen
FR3047988B1 (fr) * 2016-02-18 2018-03-16 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique Procede de fabrication d'une piece en materiau composite a matrice ceramique
FR3081156B1 (fr) * 2018-05-15 2021-03-19 Safran Ceram Procede de fabrication d'une piece cmc revetue
FR3081157B1 (fr) * 2018-05-15 2021-04-23 Safran Procede de fabrication d'une piece cmc
US11897816B2 (en) * 2018-05-15 2024-02-13 Safran Method for manufacturing a CMC part
RU2700222C1 (ru) * 2018-08-15 2019-09-13 Публичное акционерное общество "ОДК - Уфимское моторостроительное производственное объединение" (ПАО "ОДК-УМПО") Способ упрочнения элемента в виде тела вращения ротора турбомашины металломатричным композитом
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3023211B1 (fr) 2016-08-05
US20170159459A1 (en) 2017-06-08
FR3023211A1 (fr) 2016-01-08
CN107001162A (zh) 2017-08-01
WO2016001026A1 (fr) 2016-01-07

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