EP3160689B1 - Handheld machine tool and control method - Google Patents

Handheld machine tool and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3160689B1
EP3160689B1 EP15731912.0A EP15731912A EP3160689B1 EP 3160689 B1 EP3160689 B1 EP 3160689B1 EP 15731912 A EP15731912 A EP 15731912A EP 3160689 B1 EP3160689 B1 EP 3160689B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheel
speed
machine tool
hand
measurement signal
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EP15731912.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3160689A1 (en
Inventor
Erwin Manschitz
Walter Wissmach
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Hilti AG
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Hilti AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D16/00—Portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
    • B25D16/003—Clutches specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D11/06—Means for driving the impulse member
    • B25D11/12—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a crank mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/001—Gearings, speed selectors, clutches or the like specially adapted for rotary tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2211/00—Details of portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D2211/06—Means for driving the impulse member
    • B25D2211/068—Crank-actuated impulse-driving mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/195—Regulation means
    • B25D2250/205—Regulation means for torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/221—Sensors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a portable power tool having a locking body coupling for interrupting a rotary drive of a tool, as shown in FIG US 2013/240230 A1 and the preamble of claim 1.
  • a hand tool has a tool holder for receiving a tool along a working axis, a motor and a blocking body coupling.
  • the lock body coupling has a drive-side wheel and a driven-side wheel and a number N of locking bodies arranged between the drive-side wheel and the driven-side wheel.
  • the locking bodies are movable relative to one of the wheels.
  • a spring force holds the lock bodies in engagement with the one wheel for transmitting torque from the drive-side wheel to the driven-side wheel.
  • the movable lock bodies interrupt the transmission of the torque.
  • a sensor serves to record a measurement signal as a measure of accelerations within the handheld power tool.
  • a bandwidth filter has a passband in which a frequency is equal to the product of the number of revolutions of the drive-side wheel with the number N of the blocking bodies.
  • An evaluation unit is supplied with the measurement signal filtered by the bandwidth filter. The evaluation unit reduces the speed of the motor when a limit value is exceeded by the filtered measurement signal.
  • the control method records a measurement signal as a measure of accelerations within the handheld power tool.
  • the accelerations In particular, spin accelerations or a change in a rotational speed about the working axis of the handheld power tool may be.
  • the signal strength of the measurement signal is determined in a frequency band by a frequency equal to the product of the rotational speed of the drive-side wheel with the number of blocking bodies.
  • the filter selects accelerations and vibrations associated with the lock body clutch due to their periodic occurrence.
  • the power consumption of the power tool is reduced when the signal strength in the frequency band exceeds a threshold.
  • the user receives in the usual way a feedback through the spinning blocking body coupling that an applied torque exceeds a set limit.
  • the subsequent automatic reduction of engine power increases the life of the locking body coupling.
  • the hand tool can measure the speed of the drive-side wheel and adjust the frequency band to the measured speed.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a hammer drill 1 as an example of a chiseling hand tool .
  • the hammer drill 1 has a tool holder 2 , in which a shank end 3 of a tool, for example one of the drill 4 , can be used.
  • a primary drive of the hammer drill 1 is a motor 5 , which drives a striking mechanism 6 and an output shaft 7 .
  • a battery pack 8 or a power line supplies the motor 5 with power.
  • a user can guide the hammer drill 1 by means of a handle 9 and be by means of a system switch 10 to the hammer drill 1 is in operation. In operation, the hammer drill 1 rotates the drill 4 continuously about a working axis 11 and can beat the drill 4 in the direction of impact 12 along the working axis 11 in a substrate.
  • the percussion 6 is a pneumatic percussion 6.
  • An exciter piston 13 and a racket 14 are movably guided in a guide tube 15 in the striking mechanism 6 along the working axis 11 .
  • the excitation piston 13 is coupled via an eccentric 16 to the motor 5 and forced to a periodic, linear movement.
  • a connecting rod 17 connects the eccentric 16 with the excitation piston 13.
  • An air spring formed by a pneumatic chamber 18 between the excitation piston 13 and the racket 14 couples a movement of the racket 14 to the movement of the exciter piston 13 .
  • the racket 14 can strike directly on a rear end of the drill 4 or indirectly transmit a portion of its pulse to the drill 4 via a substantially resting intermediate racket 19 .
  • the striking mechanism 6 and preferably the further drive components are arranged within a machine housing 20 .
  • the output shaft 7 is coupled via a mechanical locking body coupling 21 to the motor 5 .
  • the exemplary lock body coupling 21 has a bevel gear 22 which rotates about the work axis 11 .
  • a driven by the motor 5 bevel gear 23 meshes with the bevel gear 22 of the locking body coupling 21.
  • the bevel gear 22 is coupled via locking bodies 24 with a hub 25 .
  • the rotary sprocket 25 is rotatably mounted about the same axis as the bevel gear 23 , here about the working axis 11.
  • the rotary disk 25 is movable along the working axis 11 .
  • the turntable 25 is in a first position so close to the bevel gear 23 that the locking body 24 engage both the bevel gear 22 and the turntable 25 .
  • the torque from the bevel gear 22 is transmitted to the rotary disk 25 .
  • the turntable 25 can move away from the bevel gear 22 as far along the working axis 11 into a second position that the blocking bodies 24 no longer engage in the turntable 25 .
  • the locking body coupling 21 is open.
  • a spring 26 counteracts the deflection of the hub 25 from the first position.
  • the blocking bodies 24 are exemplary balls that can be caught in pockets in the bevel gear 22 and engage in pockets in the turntable 25 .
  • the locking body coupling 21 is closed when engaging the balls in the pockets and transmits a torque.
  • the illustrated blocking body coupling is exemplary.
  • the hub may be disposed within the bevel gear, the locking bodies are spring-loaded movable in the radial direction.
  • the hammer drill 1 reduces the torque when the locking body coupling 21 responds, for example because the drill 4 blocks in the ground.
  • the hammer drill 1 has a sensor 27 which detects vibrations occurring in the machine housing.
  • the sensor 27 may be a gyrosensor which detects rotational movements about an axis parallel to the working axis 11 .
  • the blocking body clutch 21 generates the transition from the open position to the closed position, a jerk in the drive train by the coupling of the drill 4 to the motor 5.
  • the jerk as a single event little specific and, for example, depending on the size of the drill 4 and the material of the substrate.
  • the locking body coupling 21 opens and closes periodically.
  • the duration between two closing operations is determined by the speed of the driving bevel gear 22 and the angle by which the bevel gear 23 must be rotated until the locking body 24 can engage again.
  • the angle is inversely proportional to the number of blocking bodies 24.
  • the measuring signal 28 of the sensor 27 is fed to a bandwidth filter 29 .
  • the bandwidth filter 29 is tuned in its characteristic to the Sperranalysiskupplung 21 .
  • the center frequency of the bandwidth filter 29 is preferably equal to the product of the rotational speed of the driven bevel gear 22 and the number of locking bodies 24.
  • the number of locking bodies 24 is deposited as a fixed size in the evaluation unit 30 .
  • the speed of the bevel gear 22 is due to the fixed gear reduction in a known manner proportional to the engine speed, which is detected by sensor or queried in a speed-controlled motor 5 of the corresponding speed control 31 .
  • the triggering frequency of the blocking body clutch 21 may be lower than the calculated frequency, because the drive spindle continues to rotate due to its angular momentum. As a rule, however, the angular momentum decreases rapidly, in particular with a load on the drill 4 .
  • the frequency band is in a range of 75% to 150% of the calculated center frequency.
  • the evaluation unit 30 outputs an interference signal 32 when the filtered measurement signal 33 exceeds a limit value.
  • the interference signal 32 is forwarded to the motor controller 31 , which then reduces the speed of the motor 5 .
  • the speed is preferably reduced until the filtered measurement signal 33 is below the limit value.
  • the engine controller 31 reduces the speed only when the limit has been exceeded for a predetermined duration, eg, at least 2 seconds. The user realizes the triggering of the blocking body clutch 21 and in this way receives clear feedback as to why the engine power has been reduced or set to zero.
  • the bandwidth filter 29 preferably has an adjustable center frequency.
  • the bandwidth filter 29 detects the rotational speed of the bevel gear 22 and advances the center frequency.
  • the bandwidth filter 29 is preferably implemented as a digital filter, eg as a software routine in a signal processor.
  • the signal processor can determine signal strength in parallel in several frequency bands.
  • the evaluation unit 30 is the signal strength of the frequency band supplied, the center frequency of the product of the number of locking body 24 and speed comes closest.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Description

GEBIET DER ERFINDUNGFIELD OF THE INVENTION

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Handwerkzeugmaschine, die eine Sperrkörperkupplung zum Unterbrechen eines drehenden Antriebs eines Werkzeugs aufweist, wie aus US 2013/240230 A1 und dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 bekannt.The present invention relates to a portable power tool having a locking body coupling for interrupting a rotary drive of a tool, as shown in FIG US 2013/240230 A1 and the preamble of claim 1.

Beispielsweise beschreibt die US 2009/008115 einen Bohrhammer mit einer mechanischen Sperrkörperkupplung. Die Sperrkörperkupplung löst aus, wenn ein an dem Bohrer anliegendes Drehmoment ein Auslösemoment überschreitet. Die Sperrkörperkupplung wird dabei hohen mechanischen Belastungen ausgesetzt, wenn der Anwender fortgesetzt versucht seine Arbeit fortzusetzen.For example, this describes US 2009/008115 a hammer drill with a mechanical locking body coupling. The locking body coupling triggers when a torque applied to the drill exceeds a triggering torque. The Sperrkörperkupplung is exposed to high mechanical loads, as the user continues to try to continue his work.

OFFENBARUNG DER ERFINDUNGDISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

Eine erfindungsgemäße Handwerkzeugmaschine hat eine Werkzeugaufnahme zum Aufnehmen eines Werkzeugs längs einer Arbeitsachse, einen Motor und eine Sperrkörperkupplung. Die Sperrkörperkupplung hat ein antriebsseitiges Rad und ein abtriebsseitiges Rad und eine Anzahl N von zwischen dem antriebsseitigen Rad und dem abtriebsseitigen Rad angeordneter Sperrkörper. Die Sperrkörper sind relativ zu einem der Räder beweglich. Eine Federkraft hält die Sperrkörper in Eingriff mit dem einen Rad zum Übertragen eines Drehmoments von dem antriebsseitigen Rad auf das abtriebsseitige Rad. Bei Anliegen eines einen Schwellwert überschreitenden Drehmoments unterbrechen die beweglich gehaltenen Sperrkörper das Übertragen des Drehmoments. Ein Sensor dient zum Aufzeichnen eines Messsignals als Maß für Beschleunigungen innerhalb der Handwerkzeugmaschine. Ein Bandbreitenfilter hat einen Durchlassbereich, in dem eine Frequenz gleich dem Produkt der Drehzahl des antriebsseitigen Rads mit der Anzahl N der Sperrkörper liegt. Einer Auswertungseinheit wird das von dem Bandbreitenfilter gefilterte Messsignal zugeführt. Die Auswertungseinheit reduziert bei Überschreiten eines Grenzwertes durch das gefilterte Messsignal die Drehzahl des Motors.A hand tool according to the invention has a tool holder for receiving a tool along a working axis, a motor and a blocking body coupling. The lock body coupling has a drive-side wheel and a driven-side wheel and a number N of locking bodies arranged between the drive-side wheel and the driven-side wheel. The locking bodies are movable relative to one of the wheels. A spring force holds the lock bodies in engagement with the one wheel for transmitting torque from the drive-side wheel to the driven-side wheel. When a torque exceeding a threshold is applied, the movable lock bodies interrupt the transmission of the torque. A sensor serves to record a measurement signal as a measure of accelerations within the handheld power tool. A bandwidth filter has a passband in which a frequency is equal to the product of the number of revolutions of the drive-side wheel with the number N of the blocking bodies. An evaluation unit is supplied with the measurement signal filtered by the bandwidth filter. The evaluation unit reduces the speed of the motor when a limit value is exceeded by the filtered measurement signal.

Das erfindungsgemäße Steuerungsverfahren zeichnet ein Messsignal als Maß für Beschleunigungen innerhalb der Handwerkzeugmaschine auf. Die Beschleunigungen können insbesondere Drehbeschleunigungen oder eine Änderung einer Drehgeschwindigkeit um die Arbeitsachse der Handwerkzeugmaschine sein. Die Signalstärke des Messsignals wird in einem Frequenzband um eine Frequenz gleich dem Produkt der Drehzahl des antriebsseitigen Rads mit der Anzahl der Sperrkörper ermittelt. Der Filter selektiert Beschleunigen und Vibrationen, die aufgrund ihres periodischen Auftretens der Sperrkörperkupplung zugeordnet werden. Die Leistungsaufnahme der Handwerkzeugmaschine wird reduziert, wenn die Signalstärke in dem Frequenzband einen Schwellwert überschreitet. Der Anwender erhält in gewohnter Weise eine Rückmeldung durch die durchdrehende Sperrkörperkupplung, dass ein anliegendes Drehmoment eine eingestellte Grenze überschreitet. Das nachträgliche automatische Verringern der Motorleistung erhöht die Lebensdauer der Sperrkörperkupplung.The control method according to the invention records a measurement signal as a measure of accelerations within the handheld power tool. The accelerations In particular, spin accelerations or a change in a rotational speed about the working axis of the handheld power tool may be. The signal strength of the measurement signal is determined in a frequency band by a frequency equal to the product of the rotational speed of the drive-side wheel with the number of blocking bodies. The filter selects accelerations and vibrations associated with the lock body clutch due to their periodic occurrence. The power consumption of the power tool is reduced when the signal strength in the frequency band exceeds a threshold. The user receives in the usual way a feedback through the spinning blocking body coupling that an applied torque exceeds a set limit. The subsequent automatic reduction of engine power increases the life of the locking body coupling.

Die Handwerkzeugmaschine kann die Drehzahl des antriebsseitigen Rads messen und das Frequenzband an die gemessene Drehzahl anpassen.The hand tool can measure the speed of the drive-side wheel and adjust the frequency band to the measured speed.

KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER FIGURENBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Die nachfolgende Beschreibung erläutert die Erfindung anhand von exemplarischen Ausführungsformen und Figuren. In den Figuren zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Bohrhammer
The following description explains the invention with reference to exemplary embodiments and figures. In the figures show:
Fig. 1
a hammer drill

Gleiche oder funktionsgleiche Elemente werden durch gleiche Bezugszeichen in den Figuren indiziert, soweit nicht anders angegeben.Identical or functionally identical elements are indicated by the same reference numerals in the figures, unless stated otherwise.

AUSFÜHRUNGSFORMEN DER ERFINDUNGEMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Fig. 1 zeigt als Beispiel einer meißelnden Handwerkzeugmaschine schematisch einen Bohrhammer 1. Der Bohrhammer 1 hat eine Werkzeugaufnahme 2, in welche ein Schaftende 3 eines Werkzeug, z.B. eines des Bohrers 4, eingesetzt werden kann. Einen primären Antrieb des Bohrhammers 1 bildet ein Motor 5, welcher ein Schlagwerk 6 und eine Abtriebswelle 7 antreibt. Ein Batteriepaket 8 oder eine Netzleitung versorgt den Motor 5 mit Strom. Ein Anwender kann den Bohrhammer 1 mittels eines Handgriffs 9 führen und mittels eines Systemschalters 10 den Bohrhammer 1 in Betrieb nehmen. Im Betrieb dreht der Bohrhammer 1 den Bohrer 4 kontinuierlich um eine Arbeitsachse 11 und kann dabei den Bohrer 4 in Schlagrichtung 12 längs der Arbeitsachse 11 in einen Untergrund schlagen. Fig. 1 schematically shows a hammer drill 1 as an example of a chiseling hand tool . The hammer drill 1 has a tool holder 2 , in which a shank end 3 of a tool, for example one of the drill 4 , can be used. A primary drive of the hammer drill 1 is a motor 5 , which drives a striking mechanism 6 and an output shaft 7 . A battery pack 8 or a power line supplies the motor 5 with power. A user can guide the hammer drill 1 by means of a handle 9 and be by means of a system switch 10 to the hammer drill 1 is in operation. In operation, the hammer drill 1 rotates the drill 4 continuously about a working axis 11 and can beat the drill 4 in the direction of impact 12 along the working axis 11 in a substrate.

Das Schlagwerk 6 ist ein pneumatisches Schlagwerk 6. Ein Erregerkolben 13 und ein Schläger 14 sind in einem Führungsrohr 15 in dem Schlagwerk 6 längs der Arbeitsachse 11 beweglich geführt. Der Erregerkolben 13 ist über einen Exzenter 16 an den Motor 5 angekoppelt und zu einer periodischen, linearen Bewegung gezwungen. Ein Pleuel 17 verbindet den Exzenter 16 mit dem Erregerkolben 13. Eine Luftfeder gebildet durch eine pneumatische Kammer 18 zwischen dem Erregerkolben 13 und dem Schläger 14 koppelt eine Bewegung des Schlägers 14 an die Bewegung des Erregerkolbens 13 an. Der Schläger 14 kann direkt auf ein hinteres Ende des Bohrers 4 aufschlagen oder mittelbar über einen im Wesentlichen ruhenden Zwischenschläger 19 einen Teil seines Impuls auf den Bohrer 4 übertragen. Das Schlagwerk 6 und vorzugsweise die weiteren Antriebskomponenten sind innerhalb eines Maschinengehäuses 20 angeordnet.The percussion 6 is a pneumatic percussion 6. An exciter piston 13 and a racket 14 are movably guided in a guide tube 15 in the striking mechanism 6 along the working axis 11 . The excitation piston 13 is coupled via an eccentric 16 to the motor 5 and forced to a periodic, linear movement. A connecting rod 17 connects the eccentric 16 with the excitation piston 13. An air spring formed by a pneumatic chamber 18 between the excitation piston 13 and the racket 14 couples a movement of the racket 14 to the movement of the exciter piston 13 . The racket 14 can strike directly on a rear end of the drill 4 or indirectly transmit a portion of its pulse to the drill 4 via a substantially resting intermediate racket 19 . The striking mechanism 6 and preferably the further drive components are arranged within a machine housing 20 .

Die Abtriebswelle 7 ist über eine mechanische Sperrkörperkupplung 21 an den Motor 5 angekoppelt. Die beispielhafte Sperrkörperkupplung 21 hat ein Kegelrad 22, das um die Arbeitsachse 11 dreht. Ein von dem Motor 5 angetriebenes Kegelrad 23 kämmt mit dem Kegelrad 22 der Sperrkörperkupplung 21. Das Kegelrad 22 ist über Sperrkörpern 24 mit einer Drehscheibe 25 gekoppelt. Die Drehschreibe 25 ist um die gleiche Achse wie das Kegelrad 23 drehbar gelagert, hier um die Arbeitsachse 11. Die Drehscheibe 25 ist längs der Arbeitsachse 11 beweglich. Die Drehscheibe 25 ist in einer ersten Stellung so nahe an dem Kegelrad 23, dass die Sperrkörper 24 sowohl in das Kegelrad 22 als auch die Drehscheibe 25 eingreifen. Das Drehmoment von dem Kegelrad 22 wird auf die Drehscheibe 25 übertragen. Die Drehscheibe 25 kann sich von dem Kegelrad 22 soweit längs der Arbeitsachse 11 in eine zweite Stellung entfernen, dass die Sperrkörper 24 nicht mehr in Drehscheibe 25 eingreifen. Die Sperrkörperkupplung 21 ist geöffnet. Eine Feder 26 wirkt der Auslenkung der Drehscheibe 25 aus der ersten Stellung entgegen. Die Sperrkörper 24 sind beispielhaft Kugeln, welche in Taschen im Kegelrad 22 gefangen und in Taschen in die Drehscheibe 25 eingreifen können. Die Sperrkörperkupplung 21 ist beim Eingriff der Kugeln in die Taschen geschlossen und überträgt ein Drehmoment. Die dargestellte Sperrkörperkupplung ist exemplarisch. Bei einer alternativen Sperrkörperkupplung kann die Drehscheibe innerhalb des Kegelrades angeordnet sein, die Sperrkörper sind in radialer Richtung federbelastet beweglich.The output shaft 7 is coupled via a mechanical locking body coupling 21 to the motor 5 . The exemplary lock body coupling 21 has a bevel gear 22 which rotates about the work axis 11 . A driven by the motor 5 bevel gear 23 meshes with the bevel gear 22 of the locking body coupling 21. The bevel gear 22 is coupled via locking bodies 24 with a hub 25 . The rotary sprocket 25 is rotatably mounted about the same axis as the bevel gear 23 , here about the working axis 11. The rotary disk 25 is movable along the working axis 11 . The turntable 25 is in a first position so close to the bevel gear 23 that the locking body 24 engage both the bevel gear 22 and the turntable 25 . The torque from the bevel gear 22 is transmitted to the rotary disk 25 . The turntable 25 can move away from the bevel gear 22 as far along the working axis 11 into a second position that the blocking bodies 24 no longer engage in the turntable 25 . The locking body coupling 21 is open. A spring 26 counteracts the deflection of the hub 25 from the first position. The blocking bodies 24 are exemplary balls that can be caught in pockets in the bevel gear 22 and engage in pockets in the turntable 25 . The locking body coupling 21 is closed when engaging the balls in the pockets and transmits a torque. The illustrated blocking body coupling is exemplary. In an alternative locking body coupling, the hub may be disposed within the bevel gear, the locking bodies are spring-loaded movable in the radial direction.

Der Bohrhammer 1 reduziert das Drehmoment, wenn die Sperrkörperkupplung 21 anspricht, beispielsweise weil der Bohrer 4 im Untergrund blockiert. Der Bohrhammer 1 hat einen Sensor 27, der in dem Maschinengehäuse auftretende Vibrationen erfasst. Der Sensor 27 kann insbesondere ein Gyrosensor sein, der Drehbewegungen um eine Achse parallel zu der Arbeitsachse 11 erfasst. Während des Betriebs des Bohrhammers 1 treten unterschiedliche Beschleunigungen auf, z.B. aufgrund des Schlagwerks 6 und des drehenden Motors 5. Die Sperrkörperkupplung 21 erzeugt beim Übergang von der geöffneten Stellung in die geschlossene Stellung einen Ruck im Antriebsstrang durch die Ankopplung des Bohrers 4 an dem Motor 5. Der Ruck als einzelnes Ereignis ist wenig spezifisch und beispielsweise abhängig von der Größe des Bohrers 4 und dem Material des Untergrunds. Sofern die Blockade des Bohrers 4 andauert, öffnet und schließt sich die Sperrkörperkupplung 21 periodisch. Die Dauer zwischen zwei Schließvorgängen bestimmt sich durch die Drehzahl des antreibenden Kegelrads 22 und den Winkel, um welchen das Kegelrad 23 gedreht werden muss, bis die Sperrkörper 24 wieder einrasten können. Der Winkel ist invers proportional zu der Anzahl der Sperrkörper 24. Das Messsignal 28 des Sensors 27 wird einem Bandbreitenfilter 29 zugeführt. Das Bandbreitenfilter 29 ist in seiner Charakteristik auf die Sperrkörperkupplung 21 abgestimmt. Die Mittenfrequenz des Bandbreitenfilters 29 ist vorzugsweise gleich dem Produkt aus der Drehzahl des angetriebenen Kegelrads 22 und der Anzahl der Sperrkörper 24. Die Anzahl der Sperrkörper 24 ist als feste Größe in der Auswertungseinheit 30 hinterlegt. Die Drehzahl des Kegelrads 22 ist aufgrund der festen Getriebeuntersetzung in bekannter Weise proportional zu der Motordrehzahl, welche per Sensor erfasst oder bei einem drehzahl-geregelten Motor 5 von der entsprechenden Drehzahlregelung 31 abgefragt wird. Die Auslösefrequenz der Sperrkörperkupplung 21 kann niedriger als die berechnete Frequenz sein, weil sich die Antriebsspindel aufgrund ihres Drehimpulses weiterdreht. In der Regel nimmt der Drehimpuls, insbesondere bei einer Last an dem Bohrer 4, jedoch rasch ab. Das Frequenzband liegt in einem Bereich von 75 % bis 150 % der berechneten Mittenfrequenz.The hammer drill 1 reduces the torque when the locking body coupling 21 responds, for example because the drill 4 blocks in the ground. The hammer drill 1 has a sensor 27 which detects vibrations occurring in the machine housing. In particular, the sensor 27 may be a gyrosensor which detects rotational movements about an axis parallel to the working axis 11 . During operation of the hammer drill 1 step different accelerations on, for example, due to the percussion mechanism 6 and the rotating motor 5. The blocking body clutch 21 generates the transition from the open position to the closed position, a jerk in the drive train by the coupling of the drill 4 to the motor 5. The jerk as a single event little specific and, for example, depending on the size of the drill 4 and the material of the substrate. If the blockage of the drill 4 continues, the locking body coupling 21 opens and closes periodically. The duration between two closing operations is determined by the speed of the driving bevel gear 22 and the angle by which the bevel gear 23 must be rotated until the locking body 24 can engage again. The angle is inversely proportional to the number of blocking bodies 24. The measuring signal 28 of the sensor 27 is fed to a bandwidth filter 29 . The bandwidth filter 29 is tuned in its characteristic to the Sperrkörperkupplung 21 . The center frequency of the bandwidth filter 29 is preferably equal to the product of the rotational speed of the driven bevel gear 22 and the number of locking bodies 24. The number of locking bodies 24 is deposited as a fixed size in the evaluation unit 30 . The speed of the bevel gear 22 is due to the fixed gear reduction in a known manner proportional to the engine speed, which is detected by sensor or queried in a speed-controlled motor 5 of the corresponding speed control 31 . The triggering frequency of the blocking body clutch 21 may be lower than the calculated frequency, because the drive spindle continues to rotate due to its angular momentum. As a rule, however, the angular momentum decreases rapidly, in particular with a load on the drill 4 . The frequency band is in a range of 75% to 150% of the calculated center frequency.

Die Auswertungseinheit 30 gibt ein Störsignal 32 aus, wenn das gefilterte Messsignal 33 einen Grenzwert überschreitet. Das Störsignal 32 wird an die Motorsteuerung 31 weitergeleitet, welche daraufhin die Drehzahl des Motors 5 reduziert. Die Drehzahl wird vorzugsweise soweit reduziert, bis das gefilterte Messsignal 33 unterhalb des Grenzwerts liegt. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform, reduziert die Motorsteuerung 31 die Drehzahl erst wenn der Grenzwert für eine vorbestimmte Dauer, z.B. wenigstens 2 Sekunden, überschritten wurde. Der Anwender realisiert das Auslösen der Sperrkörperkupplung 21 und bekommt auf diese Weise eine klare Rückmeldung, weshalb die Motorleistung reduziert oder auf Null gesetzt wurde.The evaluation unit 30 outputs an interference signal 32 when the filtered measurement signal 33 exceeds a limit value. The interference signal 32 is forwarded to the motor controller 31 , which then reduces the speed of the motor 5 . The speed is preferably reduced until the filtered measurement signal 33 is below the limit value. In a preferred embodiment, the engine controller 31 reduces the speed only when the limit has been exceeded for a predetermined duration, eg, at least 2 seconds. The user realizes the triggering of the blocking body clutch 21 and in this way receives clear feedback as to why the engine power has been reduced or set to zero.

Das Bandbreitenfilter 29 hat vorzugsweise eine einstellbare Mittenfrequenz. Das Bandbreitenfilter 29 erfasst die Drehzahl des Kegelrads 22 und passt vorlaufend die Mittenfrequenz an. Das Bandbreitenfilter 29 ist vorzugsweise als digitales Filter implementiert, z.B. als Softwareroutine in einem Signalprozessor. Der Signalprozessor kann parallel in mehreren Frequenzbändern die Signalstärke ermitteln. Der Auswertungseinheit 30 wird die Signalstärke des Frequenzbands zugeführt, dessen Mittenfrequenz dem Produkt aus Anzahl der Sperrkörper 24 und Drehzahl am nächsten kommt.The bandwidth filter 29 preferably has an adjustable center frequency. The bandwidth filter 29 detects the rotational speed of the bevel gear 22 and advances the center frequency. The bandwidth filter 29 is preferably implemented as a digital filter, eg as a software routine in a signal processor. The signal processor can determine signal strength in parallel in several frequency bands. The evaluation unit 30 is the signal strength of the frequency band supplied, the center frequency of the product of the number of locking body 24 and speed comes closest.

Claims (7)

  1. Hand-held machine tool with
    a tool holder (2) for receiving a tool (4) along a working axis (11),
    a motor (5),
    a locking body coupling (21), which has a wheel on the drive side (22) and a wheel on the output side (25) and a number (N) of locking bodies (24) arranged between the wheel on the drive side and the wheel on the output side (25), in which the locking bodies (24) may move in relation to one of the wheels (22) and are held in engagement with the one wheel (22) through a spring force for transferring a torque from the wheel on the drive side (22) to the wheel on the output side (25) and for interrupting transfer of the torque when close to a torque exceeding a threshold value,
    a sensor (27) for recording a measurement signal (28) from movements of the hand-held machine tool (1),
    characterised by
    a bandwidth filter (29), in the passband of which the product of the speed of the wheel on the drive side (22) with the number (N) of locking bodies (24) lies, and
    an evaluation unit (30), to which the measurement signal (28) filtered by the bandwidth filter (29) is supplied and which reduces the speed of the motor (5) in response to the filtered measurement signal (33) exceeding a limit value.
  2. Hand-held machine tool according to claim 1, characterised in that the sensor (27) is a gyrosensor for detecting a measurement signal (28) as a measurement for rotations around the working axis.
  3. Control method for a hand-held machine tool with the characteristics of claim 1 with the steps:
    recording a measurement signal (28) as a measurement for movements of the hand-held machine tool (1),
    determining the signal strength of the measurement signal (28) in a frequency band around a frequency equal to the product of the speed of the wheel on the drive side (22) with the number (N) of locking bodies (24),
    reducing a power input of the hand-held machine tool (1), if the signal strength exceeds a threshold value in the frequency band.
  4. Control method according to claim 3, characterised in that the frequency band lies within 75% to 150% of the product of the number of locking bodies (24) and the speed of the wheel on the drive side (22).
  5. Control method according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the speed is not reduced until after an amplitude exceeds the limit value for a minimum duration.
  6. Control method according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the speed of the wheel on the drive side (22) is measured and the frequency band is adjusted to the measured speed.
  7. Control method according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterised in that the measurement signal is a measurement for rotations around the working axis of the hand-held machine tool.
EP15731912.0A 2014-06-27 2015-06-25 Handheld machine tool and control method Active EP3160689B1 (en)

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EP14174696.6A EP2960021A1 (en) 2014-06-27 2014-06-27 Handheld machine tool and control method
PCT/EP2015/064353 WO2015197753A1 (en) 2014-06-27 2015-06-25 Hand-held power tool and control method

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EP3160689B1 true EP3160689B1 (en) 2018-12-12

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EP (2) EP2960021A1 (en)
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Publication number Publication date
EP3160689A1 (en) 2017-05-03
EP2960021A1 (en) 2015-12-30
US20170129089A1 (en) 2017-05-11
US11123854B2 (en) 2021-09-21
WO2015197753A1 (en) 2015-12-30
CN106457541A (en) 2017-02-22
US10751866B2 (en) 2020-08-25
US20190337137A1 (en) 2019-11-07

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