EP3160667A1 - Verfahren und umformwerkzeug zum warmumformen sowie entsprechendes werkstück - Google Patents
Verfahren und umformwerkzeug zum warmumformen sowie entsprechendes werkstückInfo
- Publication number
- EP3160667A1 EP3160667A1 EP15729852.2A EP15729852A EP3160667A1 EP 3160667 A1 EP3160667 A1 EP 3160667A1 EP 15729852 A EP15729852 A EP 15729852A EP 3160667 A1 EP3160667 A1 EP 3160667A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- tool component
- workpiece
- forming
- die
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for hot forming and in particular partial press hardening of a workpiece, in particular a board, made of sheet steel, in which the workpiece is heated before forming, in which then the heated workpiece in a forming tool, the two tool components in the form of a die and a stamp, is thermoformed by contact with both tool components hot, and in which then the formed workpiece is at least partially directly exposed to a surrounding the forming tool gas and thereby cooled.
- the invention relates to a forming tool for hot forming and in particular partial press hardening of a workpiece, in particular a board made of sheet steel, in particular for carrying out the method defined above, with two
- Tool components in the form of a die and a punch, between which the workpiece can be arranged and which are movable relative to each other.
- the invention relates to a workpiece, in particular a wheel rim for a vehicle rim, which / is produced by the method according to the invention.
- a vehicle wheel is a safety component and must therefore be high mechanical
- Steel wheels consist of a wheel disc, which ensures the connection to the wheel hub, and a rim tape for tire receiving, which is circumferentially connected to the wheel rim.
- the wheeled dishes are nowadays manufactured on step presses with up to eleven steps. Almost exclusively microalloyed and dual-phase steels with a strength of 400 to 600 MPa are used.
- the weight plays an essential role, which affects the material costs, unsprung masses, rotationally moving masses and fuel consumption.
- the foregoing also applies to a large number of other components, in particular cyclically stressed components, preferably in the chassis area.
- the present invention therefore relates to the manufacture of any components.
- the production of a wheel dish is therefore only mentioned as an example in the following.
- Hot forming can meet the requirement for high formability and high strength of the resulting components.
- Forming processes which involve involving a prior heat treatment of the workpiece, for example in a separate oven, are well known in the art.
- the hot forming and press hardening is known here.
- the wheel is designed to load and therefore in the areas (zones) specific properties or in the component
- Ultrahigh-strength steels for producing press-hardened components take place, for example, in that the workpiece is brought to a temperature above the austenitizing temperature and the immediately subsequent forming is carried out in a forming tool which is equipped in at least one area with a heater for locally setting a softer microstructure.
- Partial press-hardening is based on the principle that the workpiece previously heated to a temperature above the austenitizing temperature is strongly cooled in the forming tool with the exception of one or more individual regions, in particular using a cooling device in the form of cooling channels in the die and the punch of the forming tool. Due to the rapid cooling, the microstructure at these points is completely converted into martensite and thus fully press-hardened. In the other areas of the workpiece is by the heater a much slower
- Cooling of the structure allows, whereby the structure in these areas is not completely converted into martensite, that is not completely press-hardened.
- a corresponding method for hot forming and a corresponding forming tool is known for example from DE 10 2006 019 395 A1.
- Forming tool for partial press hardening of a workpiece known, which is based on the principle after compression of the punch and die directly a moving punch member and an opposite die part to move apart again, so for the cooling process, a corresponding portion of the formed workpiece not with the tool components (die , Stamp) is in contact, but the ambient air is exposed.
- the formed workpiece is slowly cooled on both sides slowly over the air, whereas the adjacent portions, which are still in contact with the tool components in the compressed state, are rapidly cooled by means of cooling means in the form of cooling channels in the die and die ,
- the rapid cooling also leads here to a complete transformation of the microstructure into martensite.
- the slowly cooled areas of the workpiece are not fully converted into martensite.
- the object is achieved in a method for hot forming and partial press hardening of a workpiece, in particular a blank, of sheet steel, in which the workpiece is heated prior to forming (until the autenitic state is reached), in which then the heated workpiece in a forming tool, the having two tool components in the form of a die and a punch, by contact with both
- Tool components is hot formed, and in which then the formed workpiece at least partially a surrounding the forming tool gas, in particular air, preferably ambient air, is directly exposed and thereby cooled, thereby achieved that after forming at least one
- a surrounding the forming tool gas in particular air, preferably ambient air
- Tool component facing side of the formed workpiece is moved away, while facing away from this tool component side of the deformed
- At least one tool component part means that, on the one hand, one or more tool component parts of the one tool component, for example the punch, are moved away from the formed workpiece while the other one or the other Parts (tool component parts) of this tool component are not moved away, so stay in contact with the formed workpiece.
- the entire tool component for example the entire punch
- the respective other tool component for example, the die
- the respective other tool component for example, the die
- Hot forming and partial (but not complete) press-hardening takes place, whereby zone-specific microstructural properties are created in the workpiece, which result in high fatigue strength and low weight.
- at least one unilateral tool cooling takes place in the entire workpiece, wherein in sections a double-sided tool cooling is also conceivable. In the case of a one-sided tool cooling only, there is no global, ie over the entire workpiece
- Tool components remains and is cooled by means of the cooling device and at the same time at least a second portion of the formed workpiece to the
- Umformwerkmaschinetician surrounding gas is exposed directly and thereby slower than the at least one first section is cooled. Slower means that the
- Tool component defined tool component is the die in this case.
- the reverse case namely that the die is formed in several parts and has a movable tool component part, whereas then the stamp remains after forming for cooling on the corresponding side with the workpiece in contact.
- the tool components are both not formed in several parts, that is not have as defined previously movable tool components, in particular conceivable that the tool component, which is completely moved away from the tool component side facing the formed workpiece, the punch is and the other tool component is the die.
- the reverse case is also conceivable here, namely that the die is the tool component part which is moved away from the workpiece after forming, while the punch is the tool component part which remains on the workpiece.
- the deformed workpiece or the at least one second section on the side which is remote from the tool component with the movable tool component part, that is in contact with the respective other tool component is not cooled by means of the cooling device.
- the at least one first section is cooled on both sides by means of the cooling device, that is to say both on the side which the Tool component facing the movable tool component part, as well as on the side facing away from this tool component.
- a liquid coolant for example oil, water, ice water, saline solution
- a liquid coolant for example oil, water, ice water, saline solution
- the tool component which remains in contact with the at least one second section of the workpiece after forming, should also have a cooling function in the tool component section adjacent to the second section.
- this is
- These sheet thicknesses are in the chassis area such as in the manufacture of a wheel for a
- Vehicle rim used The relatively large strengths are particularly advantageous because the heat introduced, for example, in a the forming tool
- heat introduced in front of the oven can be stored for a particularly long time in thick metal sheets, so that a one-sided tool contact for heat dissipation and the
- Tempering hardening
- the workpiece made of sheet steel may have a uniform thickness and be monolithic. Are also conceivable
- the workpiece is formed into a wheel rim for a vehicle rim, wherein the wheel flange of the wheel is cooled by the direct contact with the gas surrounding the forming (relatively slow), while the entire remaining part of the wheel by means of the
- the gas surrounding the forming tool has a temperature in a range of 20 to 30 ° C, in particular a temperature in a range of 22 to 26 ° C, and in particular is air.
- a temperature in a range of 20 to 30 ° C in particular a temperature in a range of 22 to 26 ° C
- air in particular is air.
- the workpiece is heated to a temperature in a range of 750 ° C to 1000 ° C before forming and / or after the
- Forming is cooled in the first section with a cooling rate in a range of 25 to 35 K / s.
- the tool component which has a tool component part that is movable relative to the rest of the tool component, in particular the stamp, wherein the respective other tool component is then the die.
- the die has a relative to the rest of the die moving part.
- Tool component runs with the movable tool component part.
- the direction of movement is in particular the direction in which the punch is moved towards the die (pressing direction).
- the center axis of the movable tool component part extends in this direction.
- Tool component part is particularly suitable for producing in the production of the above-mentioned wheel by cooling zone-specific microstructural properties, namely an incomplete transformation into martensite, especially in the region of the wheel flange (the holes for the wheel bolts).
- the forming tool further comprises a cooling device, in particular a cooling device formed by cooling channels in the die and / or in the stamp, wherein the movable
- Tool component part is not connected to the cooling device and in particular is free of cooling channels.
- Wheel rim for a vehicle rim made by the previously defined method.
- Steel materials with high material strength with a tensile strength of, for example, more than 800 MPa or high matensite content can fail just under cyclic load at high stress peaks, which occur for example at holes, notches or machined edges early, so that the high material strength is not on the
- the workpiece or the wheel disc according to the invention produced by the method according to the invention or the device according to the invention is not completely press-hardened in the heavily loaded areas, such as the wheel flange, which rests on the wheel hub on the vehicle side.
- the complete wheel disc can not be completely press-hardened and thus the structure of the entire component is not completely homogeneous in martensite
- Fig. 1 a shows a forming tool 2 with a first in the open state
- the die 3 is fixed here and the punch 4 can be moved for the purpose of forming the workpiece 1 in its entirety on the die 3 until the punch 4th the corresponding shape or depression in the die 3 fills.
- the latter state is shown in Fig. 1 b), whereby up to a
- austenitic state heated workpiece 1 receives the shape of the wheel dish. This state is also referred to as a compressed state of the tool components 3 and 4.
- the punch 4 is formed substantially in three parts, namely with an outer circumferential tool component part 4.2, arranged therein, also circumferential tool component part 4.1, which is annular, and in turn arranged therein another Tool component part 4.3.
- the annular tool component part 4.1 also referred to as a stamp part, is movably mounted relative to the other tool component parts 4.2 and 4.3, ie relative to the rest of the stamp, and can be moved independently of the rest of the stamp against the direction of movement or pressing direction X, as shown in Fig. 1 c). is shown.
- the annular tool component part 4.1 is moved away from the surface 1 a of the workpiece 1 facing the punch 4, ambient air penetrates the surface 1 a of the workpiece 1, but only in the annular portion 1 .3, which forms the later wheel flange or area with the holes for the wheel bolts.
- the stamp parts 4.2 and 4.3 are initially not moved away from the compressed state, but these tool component parts remain with the top 1 a of the workpiece 1 in contact. Also, the entire die 3 remains at this time in contact with the complete workpiece 1, namely with its underside 1 b.
- the workpiece previously shaped in the heated state according to FIGS. 1 a) and 1 b) is then cooled as follows, as shown in FIG. 1 c).
- the section 1 .3 of the workpiece 1 is no longer in contact with the punch 4 on the upper side, since the punch parts 4.1 have been retracted immediately after forming. In this section 1 .3 takes place a relatively slow cooling of the workpiece 1 by a heat transfer to the
- the remaining areas 1 .1 and 1.2 of the formed workpiece 1 are both the top 1 a and the bottom 1 b out with the die 3 and the punch 4 in contact, so that no ambient air, at least not to a significant extent, to the sections 1.1 and 1 .2 arrives.
- the cooling takes place via a heat transfer to the die 3 and the corresponding stamp parts 4.2 and 4.3, which are still interspersed for an increased heat transfer of cooling channels 5, which form a cooling device 5.
- Cooling channels 5 are flushed, for example, with oil or ice water, whereby the
- Cool sections 1.1 and 1 .2 of the workpiece 1 relatively quickly.
- the rapid cooling of the sections 1 .1 and 1 .2 of the workpiece 1 leads to a complete transformation of the microstructure into martensite.
- the cooling of the annular region 1 .3 of the workpiece 1 via the ambient air is so slow that complete conversion of the microstructure into martensite can not take place here. This area is thus not completely press-hardened.
- the tool component 4.1 is shown here as an example as part of the punch 4.
- the die 3 it is also conceivable alternatively to form the die 3 with a movable part, in which case, however, the die 4 would abut against the workpiece 1 during cooling over the entire surface 1a.
- the workpiece 1 is thus exposed during cooling always only one side of the ambient air or another heat-dissipating gas.
- the movable tool component part 4.1 is designed here by way of example only around the central axis M annular.
- other forms of moving tool component sections 4.1 may be conceivable.
- a single movable tool component section is shown here.
- two stamp parts 4.2 and 4.3 are also conceivable that no part of the punch 4 at all (or exactly one tool component part or more than two tool component parts) remains in contact with the deformed workpiece 1 for cooling.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014108901.4A DE102014108901B3 (de) | 2014-06-25 | 2014-06-25 | Verfahren und Umformwerkzeug zum Warmumformen sowie entsprechendes Werkstück |
PCT/EP2015/063747 WO2015197469A1 (de) | 2014-06-25 | 2015-06-18 | Verfahren und umformwerkzeug zum warmumformen sowie entsprechendes werkstück |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3160667A1 true EP3160667A1 (de) | 2017-05-03 |
EP3160667B1 EP3160667B1 (de) | 2019-10-16 |
Family
ID=53433209
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15729852.2A Active EP3160667B1 (de) | 2014-06-25 | 2015-06-18 | Verfahren und umformwerkzeug zum warmumformen sowie entsprechendes werkstück |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3160667B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN107000018B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102014108901B3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2763101T3 (de) |
MX (1) | MX2016017267A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2015197469A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014221997A1 (de) * | 2014-10-29 | 2016-05-04 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Formwerkzeug zur Herstellung von warmumgeformten Bauteilen |
CN105537414B (zh) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-12-29 | 东风商用车有限公司 | 一种带冷却水道的热冲压模具及其制造工艺 |
DE102016202381B4 (de) | 2016-02-17 | 2022-08-18 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Fahrzeugrad |
CN110199034A (zh) | 2017-01-18 | 2019-09-03 | 蒂森克虏伯钢铁欧洲股份公司 | 以板材构造方式生产车轮的方法 |
WO2018141391A1 (de) | 2017-02-02 | 2018-08-09 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung eines fahrzeugrades in blechbauweise |
DE102017223374A1 (de) | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-27 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Profilbauteils sowie Profilbauteil |
WO2019145032A1 (de) | 2018-01-25 | 2019-08-01 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung einer radschüssel |
DE102018205773A1 (de) | 2018-04-17 | 2019-10-17 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Verfahren und Werkzeug zur Herstellung eines Fahrzeug-Rades |
DE102018205772A1 (de) | 2018-04-17 | 2019-10-17 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Felge |
DE102018209879A1 (de) | 2018-06-19 | 2019-12-19 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Radschüssel |
DE102018209878A1 (de) | 2018-06-19 | 2019-12-19 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Radschüssel |
CN111390033A (zh) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-07-10 | 首钢集团有限公司 | 一种热成形零件制备装置以及制备方法 |
CN112427520A (zh) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-03-02 | 上海凌云汽车模具有限公司 | 一种非常规截型金属件热成型方法和环形工件 |
CN114289629A (zh) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 浙江金固股份有限公司 | 轮辋的成型方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10323833B4 (de) * | 2003-05-23 | 2007-01-25 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Ag | Fahrzeugrad in Blechbauweise, insbesondere aus Stahlblech |
DE102006019395A1 (de) * | 2006-04-24 | 2007-10-25 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Umformen von Platinen aus höher- und höchstfesten Stählen |
CN201231286Y (zh) * | 2008-07-31 | 2009-05-06 | 钢铁研究总院 | 汽车车身零件用热冲压成型模具 |
DE102010011188A1 (de) * | 2010-03-11 | 2012-01-12 | Thyssenkrupp Sofedit S.A.S | Formwerkzeug mit innerhalb von Werkzeugteilen verzweigten Kühlkanalbohrungen |
SE1000236A1 (sv) * | 2010-03-16 | 2011-02-22 | Gestamp Hardtech Ab | Presshärdningsanläggning och sätt att presshärda |
DE102010027554A1 (de) * | 2010-07-19 | 2012-01-19 | Thyssenkrupp Umformtechnik Gmbh | Umformwerkzeug und Verfahren zum Warmumformen und partiellen Presshärten eines Werkstückes aus Stahlblech |
DE102011108912A1 (de) * | 2011-07-28 | 2013-01-31 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Segmentiertes Presshärtewerkzeug |
DE102011053118C5 (de) * | 2011-08-30 | 2021-08-05 | Kirchhoff Automotive Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines pressgehärteten Formteils sowie Presshärtwerkzeug |
CN102319835A (zh) * | 2011-10-17 | 2012-01-18 | 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 | 一种变强度热冲压件的成形方法及模具 |
CN102672054B (zh) * | 2012-05-30 | 2015-04-01 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司杭州分公司 | 热成形方法及热成形模具 |
-
2014
- 2014-06-25 DE DE102014108901.4A patent/DE102014108901B3/de active Active
-
2015
- 2015-06-18 MX MX2016017267A patent/MX2016017267A/es unknown
- 2015-06-18 EP EP15729852.2A patent/EP3160667B1/de active Active
- 2015-06-18 ES ES15729852T patent/ES2763101T3/es active Active
- 2015-06-18 CN CN201580034702.4A patent/CN107000018B/zh active Active
- 2015-06-18 WO PCT/EP2015/063747 patent/WO2015197469A1/de active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN107000018A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
WO2015197469A1 (de) | 2015-12-30 |
CN107000018B (zh) | 2019-09-10 |
MX2016017267A (es) | 2017-05-08 |
ES2763101T3 (es) | 2020-05-27 |
DE102014108901B3 (de) | 2015-10-01 |
EP3160667B1 (de) | 2019-10-16 |
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