EP3156733A1 - Installation mobile de combustion à combustible solide - Google Patents

Installation mobile de combustion à combustible solide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3156733A1
EP3156733A1 EP16020402.0A EP16020402A EP3156733A1 EP 3156733 A1 EP3156733 A1 EP 3156733A1 EP 16020402 A EP16020402 A EP 16020402A EP 3156733 A1 EP3156733 A1 EP 3156733A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet
metal plate
solid fuel
mobile solid
sheet metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16020402.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3156733B1 (fr
Inventor
Johannes LANDRICHINGER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lasco Heutechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Lasco Heutechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lasco Heutechnik GmbH filed Critical Lasco Heutechnik GmbH
Priority to SI201630714T priority Critical patent/SI3156733T1/sl
Publication of EP3156733A1 publication Critical patent/EP3156733A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3156733B1 publication Critical patent/EP3156733B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B7/00—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating 
    • F24B7/005—Flue-gas ducts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/02—Closed stoves
    • F24B1/022—Closed stoves easily collapsible or easily removable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/18—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces
    • F24B1/185—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion
    • F24B1/188—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by use of heat exchange means , e.g. using a particular heat exchange medium, e.g. oil, gas  
    • F24B1/1885—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by use of heat exchange means , e.g. using a particular heat exchange medium, e.g. oil, gas   the heat exchange medium being air only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/027—Air heaters with forced circulation using solid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
    • F24H3/10—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by plates
    • F24H3/107—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by plates using solid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0081—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by a single plate-like element ; the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being integrated in one single plate-like element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/006—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements with variable shape, e.g. with modified tube ends, with different geometrical features
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2230/00—Solid fuel fired boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/06—Fastening; Joining by welding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mobile solid fuel firing system with a combustion chamber and a hot air plate heat exchanger.
  • a mobile solid fuel burning plant can be used for drying hay, for drying a building, for heating a tent or a building or for similar purposes.
  • the solid fuel firing system is driven to its place of use, parked there and put into operation. After the end of the intended operation, the solid fuel firing system is moved back to a warehouse or to a next operating location.
  • solid fuel is burned in the combustion chamber, with the heat released being supplied with the flue gas to a heat exchanger.
  • a cooling air flow which dissipates the heat from the heat exchanger and passes in an air flow into the building, the tent, a Heutrocknungsraum or the like.
  • a mobile solid fuel combustion system of the type mentioned in which the hot air plate heat exchanger a plate channel with two Sheet metal formed flat sides and a cooling air guide and a hot gas guide, wherein the hot gas guide extends in the length direction through the sheet metal plate channel and the cooling air duct in the width direction around the sheet metal plate channel and the sheet flat sides face each other in the height direction.
  • a hot air plate heat exchanger allows large volumes of cooling air to be passed through them to heat them and along thin sheet metal walls so that the hot air plate heat exchanger can be made relatively small and light in proportion to the volume of cooling air.
  • the hot air plate heat exchanger is expediently a flue gas-air heat exchanger with a vertical or horizontal hot gas duct and a horizontal cooling air duct through the heat exchanger.
  • the directions refer to a solid fuel firing system that is parked and ready for use on a flat, horizontal plane.
  • the metal plate channel channels the hot gas and shields the cooling air duct from the hot gas duct. It runs in the length direction, wherein the direction of flow of the hot gas expediently extends in the length direction through the metal plate channel.
  • the flow direction of the cooling air around the sheet-metal plate channel is at least in the region of the sheet-metal flat sides in the width direction, ie in the direction of the width of the sheet-metal plate channel.
  • the height direction is in the direction of the thickness of the metal plate channel and extends perpendicular to the length direction and perpendicular to the width direction.
  • the firing system is a mobile firing system, which is therefore intended to be transported by a vehicle to its place of use, operated there and later operated again at another site.
  • the furnace system expediently comprises a load-bearing construction and a lifting element, which is prepared to lift the entire furnace by means of a lifting device on the lifting element.
  • the lifting element may be an insert for a forklift, an upper attachment for a cable suspension of a crane or the like, so that the furnace can be raised and parked, for example, on a loading area.
  • inserts for standardized forks of a forklift are advantageous.
  • the load-bearing construction expediently comprises a support frame with supports to which side walls are fixed in a housing-like manner.
  • the carrier are formed by folds of housing-forming wall panels.
  • the firing system has its own drive unit with wheels. Practical are four wheels. For a safe stand during operation wheels are only on one side of the system, eg two wheels, sufficient, connected to a non-rolling support unit, such as a radeless support leg. With one or more handles, such as a grab bar on the ambient air inlet side, the furnace can easily be moved manually.
  • the solid fuel burning plant is expediently a combustion plant prepared for the combustion of a biofuel, ie a non-fossil fuel.
  • a wood-burning plant for use with, for example, wood chips or pellets.
  • the solid fuel burner for burning solid, in particular wood made and includes a fuel supply with an automatic feed unit for automatically supplying fuel into the combustion chamber, eg on the firing floor.
  • a feed motor of the feed unit can be controlled by a control unit, in particular in dependence a combustion parameter such as the combustion temperature, the exhaust gas temperature and / or the hot air temperature.
  • the solid fuel firing system includes a hot gas guide in which the hot flue gas is passed from the combustor through the hot side of the hot air plate heat exchanger to a gas outlet.
  • the solid fuel firing system is suitably a hot air plant for heating ambient air and includes an ambient air flow from an ambient air inlet in the housing of the furnace through the cold side of the hot air plate heat exchanger to an ambient air outlet.
  • the ambient air inlet or at a distance to a fan radius to - the ambient air blower is expediently arranged, which pushes the ambient air into the housing of the furnace and back out of this.
  • the ambient air duct expediently extends at least laterally around the combustion chamber in order to cool it as well.
  • the ambient air inlet and the ambient air outlet are expediently arranged in opposite sides of a housing of the furnace.
  • a turbulator is arranged with a vortex element in the metal plate channel in the hot gas guide, which is arranged between the sheet metal flat sides.
  • This heat transfer can be significantly increased if the laminarity is broken and the hot gas is vortexed. This can be achieved by the arranged in the metal plate channel vortex element. The heat transfer can be improved and thus the hot air plate heat exchanger can be reduced in size overall, so that further weight can be saved.
  • the vortex element In order to hold the vortex element stable in a desired orientation in the hot gas flow, it is advantageous if it is held or suspended at at least two locations, in particular at exactly two locations. As a result, it can be aligned with its at least predominant length, in particular with its entire length, transversely to the hot gas stream and be kept stable there.
  • the vortex element extends at least over more than half the width direction of the interior of a metal plate channel. It is also advantageous if it extends over more than half the height direction of the interior of a metal plate channel.
  • the vortex element is designed as a sheet metal strip or comprises a sheet metal strip.
  • This is expediently arranged obliquely to the length direction and in particular also obliquely to the width direction. He can lie parallel to the height direction.
  • the bevel angle is advantageously between 5 ° and 30 ° to the width direction and between 60 ° and 85 ° to the length direction.
  • an element with a flat side aligned in the direction indicated can be used. The area side can be even.
  • the hot gas stream strikes the vortex element and becomes oblique to it Distracted length direction. As a result, an initial turbulence can already be achieved in a simple manner.
  • a particularly good turbulence of the hot gas within the metal plate channel can be achieved if the vortex element is arranged in each case at a distance from one of the two sheet-metal flat sides and in particular from both sheet-metal flat sides. There is thus a gap between the vortex element and the sheet metal flat sides through which the hot gas can flow between the sheet metal flat side and the vortex element. As a result, a hot gas flow is created on the vortex element, which discharges in a vortex next to and behind the vortex element.
  • a trapping of fly ash on the vortex element can be counteracted if the vortex element is arranged at a distance from a longitudinal inner throat of the sheet metal plate channel, in particular from both oppositely arranged longitudinal inner grooves of the sheet metal plate channel.
  • the longitudinal inner throat may in this case be arranged on the inside of a leading edge or trailing edge of the sheet-metal plate channel, against which the cooling air flows or from which the heated cooling air flows again.
  • the turbulator on a plurality of vortex elements which are arranged in the length direction one behind the other.
  • the turbulence can be repeated several times in the course of the hot gas flow through the plate channel, so that an effective turbulence is achieved.
  • the vortex elements are arranged offset in the width direction to each other, for example, alternately offset from one another. In this way, the hot gas is forced to flow past on one side and the other on the other side of the vortex elements, so that at least for a part of the hot gas flow, an S-shaped gas guide is achieved.
  • this also makes it possible to achieve a circulation of the hot gas so that hot gas is pressed from the inner region of the sheet-metal plate channel to the outer region and thus to the sheet-metal flat sides.
  • the turbulator has a plurality of vortex elements, which are arranged in the length direction one after another and the width direction differently tilted to each other.
  • the tilting can be, for example, alternating, so that the flowing in the longitudinal direction hot gas is deflected in one direction and sometimes in the other direction of the vortex elements. This also favors an S-shaped flow guidance.
  • Very fine fly ash has the tendency to settle on smooth surfaces, where the hot gas stream flows along. In this way, heat transfer to these surfaces can be reduced. Cleaning of such a surface is therefore desirable. This can be achieved if the vortex element is movably mounted in the metal plate channel. By virtue of its movement, the vortex element can strip off or deflect fly ash from a surface or inner edge and thus keep it clean.
  • a movable mounting of the vortex element can be achieved in a simple manner, when the vortex element is movably mounted in the length direction and / or height direction in the sheet metal plate channel, in particular pendulum. This is particularly suitable for a vertical longitudinal direction, ie a vertically oriented heat exchanger.
  • a plurality of swirl elements can be held with at least two metal bars between the sheet-metal flat sides of the sheet-metal plate channel. These can be arranged in the length direction and are in particular parallel to one another. With such a construction, a mobility of the vertebral elements can be easily achieved, for example, characterized in that the metal rods are suspended over an upper edge of at least one of the two sheet metal flat sides. For mounting or cleaning, the vortex elements on the metal rods can be easily pulled out of the sheet metal plate channel upwards.
  • the vortex elements may be suspended on at least two metallic cables between the sheet metal sides, e.g. Steel cables.
  • Metallic cables have the advantage that the turbulator is less likely to get caught between the sheet metal sides. Large temperature fluctuations between periods of operation and rest may cause metal rods to warp, causing the turbulator to become distorted between the flat sides of the sheet and unable to move. When suspended on ropes, no distortion of the turbulator occurs, so that a mobility of the vortex elements is maintained.
  • a cleaning effect of the sheet metal surfaces by the vortex elements can be further improved if a drive for rhythmically moving an element of the sheet metal plate channel is present.
  • a drive for moving the turbulator for example in the longitudinal direction.
  • the vortex elements move along the metal plates and clean them.
  • the drive may be a motor drive, for example an eccentric drive, which raises and lowers the turbulator rhythmically.
  • a drive for moving a metal plate for example for vibration of the metal plate. Fly ash can be shaken off from the sheet metal plate or its flat sheet side.
  • Simple mounting of the turbulator can be achieved if the vortex elements are suspended from one or more carriers, e.g. a metal rod or a metal rope attached to a crossbar.
  • the cross bar can rest on an upper edge of the plate channel, so that the turbulator is hooked from above into the plate channel.
  • the cross bar can positively engage in one or both metal plates, e.g. in a recess or recess, so that an undesired slippage is counteracted.
  • the flow resistance can be kept low when the metal plate channel forms a leading edge for flowing in the direction of width cooling air in the cooling air flow and the Metal plate channel widening in the cooling air flow behind the leading edge in the width direction wedge-shaped, so in the height direction is getting thicker.
  • the cooling air flow is separated by the wedge and separated. By wedge-shaped separation, a cooling air-side turbulence and thus a flow resistance can be kept low. It is also favorable in terms of flow when the metal plate channel in the cooling air guide forms an inflow edge for cooling air flowing in the width direction and widens on both sides in the cooling air flow behind the leading edge, so that the cooling air flow is diverged on both sides, in particular symmetrically separated on both sides.
  • the hot gas Due to the flow of the hot gas through the plate channel, the hot gas releases heat, so that the hot gas cools and contracts.
  • a uniform flow velocity and thus a low flow resistance within the sheet-metal plate channel can be achieved if the flow cross-section of the hot gas guide decreases in the plate channel in the length direction.
  • the flow direction of the hot gas in this case expediently extends in the length direction. Since the flow rate of the hot gas through the plate channel is greatest in a full load operation of the mobile solid fuel furnace, it is preferable that the decrease of the flow area is equal to the decrease in the temperature of the hot gas flowing through the plate passage at full load.
  • the temperature is expediently to be understood here in Kelvin.
  • a reduction of the flow cross-section can be produced by a narrowing of the channel walls, which approach each other in the flow direction in the passageway. It is also advantageous if the flow cross section through a in the Metal plate channel arranged vortex element is reduced.
  • the vortex element may be an element of the turbulator.
  • cooling air duct is passed between two sheet-metal plate ducts and has a flow cross-section between these sheet-metal plate ducts which increases in the width direction, ie in the flow direction of the cooling air flow.
  • Both sheet-metal flat sides of the sheet-metal plate channel can each be formed by a metal sheet, which are connected to one another at a leading edge and / or a trailing edge, for example by welding.
  • the production cost of the plate heat exchanger can be reduced if the metal plate channel has a both sheet metal flat sides forming sheet with a bevel, which forms in particular a leading edge or trailing edge of the sheet metal plate channel in the cooling air flow for cooling air. On a welding of two sheets on one edge can be dispensed with.
  • leading edge and its surroundings or the trailing edge and its surroundings have a plurality of at least substantially parallel bends, in particular three such bends.
  • the Kantraumen these edgings are expediently the same, so that the edges are aligned parallel to each other.
  • an intensification of the contact of the flue gas or hot gas desired from the inside with the metal plates is also an intensification of the contact of the cooling air from the outside with the metal plates advantageous.
  • This can be achieved by a cooling air guide around the sheet metal plate channel for directing cooling air in an S-shape around the sheet metal plate channel.
  • the flow path of the air along the plates is increased and in addition a turbulence of the air can be achieved at the plates.
  • the cooling air guide may have sheet metal elements between two sheet metal plate channels, which direct the air in S-shape.
  • This compound is particularly useful applicable to an S-shaped cooling air duct, in which a Blechplattenkanalende is exposed to strong temperature differences.
  • the plate heat exchanger heats up or cools down.
  • the flat metal sides expand or contract.
  • sheet metal surfaces move from a plane into a curved surface or from a curved surface into a plane or an area with at least one straight line. This can lead to unwanted beating or popping of the sheet in question.
  • the satisfactionnkantung runs obliquely to the width direction and obliquely to the longitudinal direction.
  • Particularly advantageous are at least two edgings in the sheet metal flat side, in particular at least two intersecting felicitnkantungen.
  • the edge angle of such mecanicnkantungen is suitably low and is less than 10 °, in particular less than 5 °.
  • one or more elements of the cooling air duct can counteract hitting by being connected to a metal plate so as to stiffen it.
  • the invention is also directed to a hot air plate heat exchanger for a mobile solid fuel firing system as described above.
  • the hot air plate heat exchanger may have one or more details of the subclaims and / or the foregoing description.
  • the invention is directed to a method for heating ambient air in a hot air plate heat exchanger of a mobile solid fuel firing system wherein flue gas resulting from the combustion of solid in a combustion chamber of the mobile solid fuel firing system is passed through a sheet metal plate channel at least partially forming the hot side of the hot air plate heat exchanger.
  • flue gas there flows around a vortex element of a turbulator and is swirled by this.
  • Mobile solid fuel firing systems are driven on vehicles from a storage location to a job site or from site to site. They are moved and jolted on the vehicle so that fly ash on a metal plate in the plate channel is partially shaken off. This effect can be amplified if, due to the driving movements, a vortex element strikes against at least one metal plate of the metal plate channel and from this flys down fly ash which has accumulated on the metal plate in a preceding operation. In this way, a sufficient cleaning of the plate channel can be achieved, so that a manual cleaning between two operational operations can be omitted.
  • a vortex element is moved during operation by passing flue gas in such a way that the vortex element against at least one metal plate of the sheet metal plate channel beats and this down this fly ash.
  • a suspension of the vortex element on a metal cable is particularly useful for this purpose.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a mobile solid fuel burning plant 2, which is prepared for transport to several different sites.
  • the furnace 2 comprises a combustion chamber 4 and a hot air plate heat exchanger 6, which are mounted in a frame 8 having at its lower end lifting elements 10 in the form of insertion openings for inserting a fork of a forklift.
  • Laterally and above the transport frame 8 is formed by folds of the lateral side plates or the plant ceiling formed together with the ground a transport-stable and weatherproof outer housing or system housing 12.
  • the plant 2 is equipped with a four wheel 14 wheel system 14, of which the two rear wheels 14 have a pivot mechanism 16 for rotating the wheels 14 about a vertical axis.
  • a handle 18 is provided above an ambient air blower 20, which preferably extends over the entire width of the rear wall of the outer housing 12.
  • FIG. 1 shows the solid fuel combustion system 2 in a highly simplified and schematic manner in which essential elements, which are not essential to the explanation of the invention, has been omitted for clarity.
  • the mobile solid fuel combustion system 2 has a rated power of 150 kW in this embodiment and is fueled with solid fuel 22, in particular wood, such as wood pellets.
  • a non-illustrated fuel storage can be connected to the solid fuel burning plant 2 via a solid fuel channel, through which the solid fuel 22 reaches a delivery unit 24, the in FIG. 1 only schematically indicated.
  • the conveyor unit 24 comprises a screw conveyor through which the fuel 22 is automatically conveyed into the combustion chamber 4, controlled by an electrical control unit and driven by a motor.
  • the resulting from the combustion of the solid fuel 22 hot flue gases are discharged upward from the combustion chamber 4 and fed by a hot gas guide 26 a hot side of the hot air plate heat exchanger 6 from above.
  • the hot gas is flue gas from the combustion and is passed from top to bottom through the hot side of the hot air plate heat exchanger 6 and then passes to a Saugzuggebläse 28.
  • the cooled in the heat exchanger 6 flue gas is from this by a flue gas discharge 30 from the solid fuel burning plant 2 blown out.
  • a cooling air flow 34 is guided in a cooling air flow in a countercurrent flow to the hot gas stream 32 through the Festbrennstofffeuerungsstrom 2, so it first meets cooler system parts and then hotter system parts, so that the heated air at the cooler system parts to the hotter system parts is reheated.
  • the cooling air is sucked as outside air or ambient air through the ambient air blower 20 directly from the environment of the system 2 and blown into the outer housing 12 of the furnace 2.
  • the ambient air blower 20 is arranged on an ambient air inlet 36 of the outer housing 12. Within the outer housing 12 - and thus also within the cold side of the warm air plate heat exchanger 6 - so there is an overpressure relative to the environment of the furnace 2.
  • the ambient air is blown from the ambient air inlet 36 in a cooling air duct to the cold side of the heat exchanger 6, passed through this in a cooling air duct and heated there. It then flows around the outer shell of the combustion chamber 4 and is further heated there before it leaves the furnace 2 through a hot air outlet 38 in the further course of the cooling air flow.
  • the heated ambient air blown out of the hot air outlet 38 is available with a maximum rated output of 150 kW, for example for drying the building, for tent heating or for hay drying.
  • the combustion chamber 4 is characterized by the cooling air flow 34 cooled so that their outside temperature remains relatively cool and suitable for mobile use.
  • FIG. 2 shows the hot air plate heat exchanger 6 in a schematic sectional view from the front along the section line II-II FIG. 1 and from FIG. 3 , Six sheet metal plate ducts 40 can be seen, the hot air plate heat exchanger 6 having further sheet metal plate ducts 40, which are not shown in the figures for the sake of clarity.
  • the line of sight in FIG. 2 corresponds to the cooling air flow direction, wherein the cooling air flows through between the sheet metal plate channels 40 in cooling air passages 42 through the heat exchanger 6.
  • the hot gas stream 32 flows from top to bottom through the sheet metal plate channels 40, as indicated by three dotted arrows exemplified in FIG FIG. 2 you can see.
  • the hot gas flows in the longitudinal direction L and the cooling air in the width direction B through the heat exchanger 6 (see FIG. 3 ).
  • a height direction H is perpendicular to the length direction L and the width direction B.
  • FIG. 3 shows the hot air plate heat exchanger 6 in a schematic plan view from above along the cutting plane III-III FIG. 2 .
  • Each of the sheet metal plate channels 40 is formed by a sheet that is folded over at the front leading edge 44 at an angle ⁇ 90 °, so that the sheet extends from the trailing edge 46 to the leading leading edge 44 and from there back to the trailing edge 46.
  • the sheet metal plate thus forms both sheet metal flat sides 48 of their sheet metal plate channel 40 in one piece.
  • the sheet is brought together at the rear trailing edge 46 and welded together, so that a gas-tight trailing edge 46 is formed.
  • the sheet is placed on one side around the other side and welded with a weld, so that the three sheet thicknesses are connected to each other gas-tight.
  • this weld is complemented by two additional welds along the sheet metal ends, so that the gas-tightness is ensured even at high mechanical loads the sheet metal plate channel 40 forming sheet.
  • the welds are, for example, rolled seams, the welding so a Rollnahtsch spaung, with other continuous welds are possible and advantageous.
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternative connection of the two sheet edges of the sheet. Both edges are stacked with an offset, so that a sheet edge is located further inside and a sheet edge protrudes further outward. Then, the sheet edge projecting further outward is folded 180 ° around the other edge, so that a connection is formed, as in FIG. 3 is shown. Then both sheet edges are folded over by 180 ° in the same direction of rotation, so now five layers of sheet metal lie on each other, as in FIG. 5 is shown. These are pressed together by pressure, so that they rest tightly against each other. This is in FIG. 5 Not shown. There, the sheet edges or sheet metal sections at the sheet edges are slightly spaced apart from each other to make the multi-layer structure visible. In addition, a spot weld with multiple welds can be placed in the plate plate channel 40 facing throat of the laminated core.
  • the two sheet edges or sheet metal plate sections on the sheet edges remain firmly connected to one another by the mutual mesh, so that a sufficient gastightness is maintained even after a long service life.
  • FIG. 2 shows the attachment of the sheet metal plate channels 40 to a top plate 50 and a base plate 52 of the hot air plate heat exchanger 6.
  • the base plate 52 is also in FIG. 3 to see and surrounds the metal plate channels 40 each completely so that they are held in the base plate 52 as in a frame. This is in FIG. 2 only simplified and shown schematically, since there only the webs of the top plate 50 and the base plate 52 are shown between the metal plate channels 40 and on the further representation of the two plates 50, 52 has been omitted for clarity.
  • the sheet metal of the sheet metal plate channels 40 is guided at both ends of the sheet metal flat sides 48 in a kind of collar to the outside, which bears against the top plate 50 and the base plate 52 and is welded to the corresponding plate 50, 52.
  • the base plate 52 lies on the lower collars of the sheet metal plate channels 40, so that they do not come into contact with condensate coming down from the sheet metal plate channels 40.
  • the top plate 50 may be placed around the metal plate channels 40, analogous to the base plate 52, wherein in FIG. 2 the top plate 50 placed on the collars of the sheet metal plate channels 40 and welded to them, so that a slightly different geometry than the foot plate 52 is shown.
  • hot flue gas flows through the heat exchanger 6 through the sheet metal plate channels 40, from top to bottom in this example. It is also possible to see the plate heat exchanger rotated by 90 ° degrees, so that the hot gas flows horizontally through the heat exchanger 6. In any case, it is advantageous if the cooling air flow 34 is guided horizontally or at least substantially horizontally through the heat exchanger 6. In this way, the horizontal flow through the solid fuel combustion system 2 with cooling air or ambient air can be maintained largely without large deflections, so that the flow can take place with a low flow resistance vonstatten.
  • the hot gas cools and contracts due to the temperature reduction substantially in proportion to the temperature reduction - measured in Kelvin - together.
  • the flow rate within the sheet-metal plate channels 40 would be reduced in accordance with the temperature or volume reduction.
  • the flow cross section of the hot gas guide 26 in the sheet-metal plate channel 40 is reduced continuously, as is shown FIG. 2 you can see.
  • the reduction in this case corresponds to the decrease in temperature of the hot gas through the sheet metal plate channel 40 at full load operation of the solid fuel firing system 2.
  • the hot gas thereby flows through the heat exchanger 6 or through the corresponding metal plate channel 40 substantially at a continuous rate.
  • the flow cross section of the cooling air duct between the sheet metal plate ducts 40 increases in the flow direction of the cooling air flow 34. This is in FIG. 3 indicated by the widthwise continuously widening cooling air channel 42 between the sheet metal sides 48 of adjacent sheet metal plate channels 40. Also, this increase in the flow cross section corresponds to the increase in temperature of the cooling air during their flow along the sheet metal flat sides 48 of the two sheet metal plate channels 40, also measured in Kelvin.
  • the metal plate channel 40 forming sheet thus includes the front edge of the leading edge 44 to two more flat edges symmetrically about the leading edge 44 around, each of which is performed with an angle> 90 degrees. This results in the wedge shape of the front portion of the sheet metal plate channel 40, which is flowed by the cooling air flow 34.
  • each plate channel 40 at which the cooling air flow 34 leaves the plate channel 40 at the trailing edge 46 is constructed in an analogous manner and includes two parallel edges, which bring together the sheet in a wedge shape at the trailing edge 46 or even a little before to allow the parallel stacked sheet metal sections for welding. This also reduces the flow resistance of the cooling air flow 34 when flowing away from the sheet metal plate ducts 40.
  • the hot flue gas flows much slower in the hot gas stream 32 through the hot gas guide 26, which is formed within the heat exchanger 6 through the sheet metal plate channels 40.
  • the risk of a very laminar flow of the hot gas within the sheet metal plate channels 40 is thus much higher than in the faster cooling air flow 34 to the sheet metal plate channels 40 around. The more laminar the flow, the lower the heat transfer from the hot gas to the cooling air.
  • a turbulator 54 is arranged in each case inside the sheet metal plate channels 40.
  • a turbulator comprises a plurality of, here four, swirl elements 56, which are respectively fastened to two supports 58.
  • a carrier 58 may be a metal bar or a metallic rope, eg a steel cord.
  • the two supports 58 are each secured to a cross bar 59, which is hung over the upper edge of the metal plate channel 40 forming sheet, as in FIG. 5 can be seen from above in the plan view.
  • FIG. 4 It can be seen that the suspension of a cross bar 59 takes place in a positive fit in a recess of the sheet, so that slippage in the width direction B is avoided.
  • FIG. 5 shows a metal plate channel 40 from above in a plan view, wherein the upper and lower collar for attachment of the metal plate channel on the top plate 50 and foot plate 52 has been omitted for clarity.
  • the carrier 58 has at its upper end a cross bar 59 which is hung on both sides over the upper edge of the metal plate channel 40 forming sheet.
  • the two carriers 58 are together at four Spaced so that a stable storage of the turbulator 54 takes place within the metal plate channel 40.
  • the turbulator 54 can be easily inserted from above into the interior of the sheet-metal plate channel 40 and thus hooked there.
  • the hot gas flow 32 is forced past the vortex elements 56.
  • the vortex elements 56 are arranged obliquely or inclined relative to the width direction B and the length direction L. Relative to the height direction H, ie perpendicular to the paper plane FIG. 4 , the vortex elements can be aligned without tilting, ie parallel to each other and to the height direction H.
  • the hot gas stream 32 is deflected in a threefold manner. Due to the slope of the hot gas flow from the length direction L is partially deflected in or against the width direction B. How out FIG.
  • the vortex elements 56 are arranged one behind the other in the length direction L and arranged tilted alternately to each other to the width direction.
  • the hot gas stream 32 is initially deflected counter to the width direction B, then a distance in the width direction B, then by the third vortex element 56 again against the width direction B and finally a bit further in the width direction B.
  • a slight meandering Flow guidance of the hot gas stream 32 is also achieved in that the vortex elements 56 are arranged alternately offset in the width direction to each other.
  • every second vortex element 56 is arranged closer to the outflow edge 46 and alternately arranged every second vortex element 56 closer to the leading edge 44.
  • a second deflection takes place by the spacing of the vortex elements 56 in the vertical direction H to the right and left of the flat sheet side 48 FIG. 5 through the gap 60 between the respective flat sheet side 48 and the vortex elements 56 are shown.
  • the hot gas stream 32 is guided past both sides of the vortex element 56 and in this way significantly swirled, so that a good heat transfer from the hot gas to the sheet metal flat side 48 or its sheet and thus to the cooling air flow 34 is transmitted.
  • a third deflection of the hot gas stream 32 takes place at the front and rear of the vortex elements 56. Between these and the front and rear end of the plate channel 40, so the inner edge of the leading edge 44 and the inner edge of the trailing edge 46 within the metal plate channel 40, there is a distance and thus a WegströmungsLiteer from the hot gas cross-section. Also through this, the hot gas is forced through, so that an ash deposit in the two grooves is counteracted. In addition, the hot gas is particularly well swirled there.
  • the vortex elements 56 Due to the distance of the turbulator 54 or its vortex elements 56 on both sides in the corresponding direction, ie on both sides in the vertical direction H through the gap 60 and on both sides in the width direction B by the distance to the respective throat, the vortex elements 56 are movably mounted in the plate channel 40.
  • a force is exerted on the vortex elements 56, through which they can easily swing on the carriers 58.
  • ash deposits on the inner walls of the sheet-metal plate channel 40 are counteracted.
  • this swinging is favored.
  • a particularly effective cleaning effect has a transport of solid fuel burning plant 2 on or in a vehicle.
  • the vortex elements 56 are moved back and forth and hit against the inner walls of the sheet-metal plate channel 40, so that fly ash deposited on the inner walls will thereby cut off.
  • the solid fuel combustion system 2 is moved by a vehicle to a different location after a plurality of operating hours, for example more than 200 operating hours.
  • a cleaning can also be done by the vortex elements 56 are passed by lifting the turbulator 54 on the inner walls of the sheet metal plate channel 40, so that attached fly ash is scraped. This can be done either by hand during maintenance or by a mechanical, automatic unit.
  • FIG. 6 Such a unit in the form of a drive 62 is in FIG. 6 shown.
  • FIG. 6 shows the metal plate channel 40 from the outside and does not represent the vortex elements 56.
  • the drive 62 may comprise a motor with an eccentric drive, which rhythmically moves a connecting element 64, which connects the two supports 58 together.
  • the movement can be a lifting, as in FIG. 6 is represented by the two arrows, wherein the lowering can be done in the same speed as the lifting or by a fall.
  • all turbulators 54 of all existing sheet-metal plate channels 40 are expediently mechanically connected to one another, so that they can be lifted together on a composite element.
  • the composite element may be an extension of the connecting element 64 in the height direction. This allows All metal plate channels 40 are regularly automated in a simple manner or cleaned manually.
  • the two sheet-metal flat sides 48 When the two sheet-metal flat sides 48 are heated or cooled, their sheet metal expands or contracts. This can cause a beating of the sheet and thus a loud and unwanted noise.
  • the two sheet-metal flat sides 48 are provided with a ceremoninkantung 66, in the embodiment of FIG. 4 even two surface bends 66 are shown crossing each other.
  • the two mecanicnkantungen 66 have a chevron angle of less than 5 degrees and the two sheet metal sides each a piece far out to the outside, so that the gap 60 in the region of the Kantnchung is slightly larger than, for example, top and bottom of the sheet metal sides 48.
  • An expansion and a contraction of the sheet takes place through these ceremoninkantonne 66 into the ceremoniesnkantitch 66, so that a beating of the sheet surface is omitted in a cooling or contraction.
  • FIG. 6 shows a cooling air guide 68 outside of the sheet metal plate channel 40, which directs cooling air 70 in an S-shape around the sheet metal plate channel 40.
  • the cooling air guide 68 has two sheet-metal elements 72, which are arranged extending in the width direction between two sheet-metal plate channels 40 and thus limit the cooling air channel 42. They are supplemented by two outer plates 74, which limit the cooling air channel 42 in the width direction.
  • the sheet metal elements 72 may be connected to the sheets of the sheet metal plate channel 40 so that they serve as a stiffener and a beating of the sheet with temperature change, in particular in conjunction with a in FIG. 4 shown fold, prevent.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP16020402.0A 2015-10-14 2016-10-14 Installation mobile de combustion à combustible solide et méthode d'utilisation Active EP3156733B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201630714T SI3156733T1 (sl) 2015-10-14 2016-10-14 Mobilna naprava za sežig trdega goriva in postopek uporabe

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202015105427.0U DE202015105427U1 (de) 2015-10-14 2015-10-14 Mobile Festbrennstofffeuerungsanlage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3156733A1 true EP3156733A1 (fr) 2017-04-19
EP3156733B1 EP3156733B1 (fr) 2020-02-19

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ID=54432265

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EP (1) EP3156733B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202015105427U1 (fr)
HU (1) HUE049640T2 (fr)
SI (1) SI3156733T1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106196255A (zh) * 2016-07-08 2016-12-07 浙江工贸职业技术学院 火炕结构
ES1224127Y (es) * 2018-08-06 2019-04-23 Barros Miguel Sanchez Insertable y estufa de leña o briquetas con intercambiador, turbuladores y tiro forzado

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2294403A1 (fr) * 1974-12-12 1976-07-09 Lambert Jean Atre-chaudiere combinant le chauffage au bois et la ventilation mecanique controlee double flux
GB2087064A (en) * 1980-10-22 1982-05-19 Eastwood John Heating apparatus
US4664180A (en) * 1984-11-26 1987-05-12 Stevenson Robert L Heat recovery unit for stoves
EP2541141A2 (fr) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-02 LASCO Heutechnik GmbH Installation mobile de combustion de carburant solide

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2294403A1 (fr) * 1974-12-12 1976-07-09 Lambert Jean Atre-chaudiere combinant le chauffage au bois et la ventilation mecanique controlee double flux
GB2087064A (en) * 1980-10-22 1982-05-19 Eastwood John Heating apparatus
US4664180A (en) * 1984-11-26 1987-05-12 Stevenson Robert L Heat recovery unit for stoves
EP2541141A2 (fr) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-02 LASCO Heutechnik GmbH Installation mobile de combustion de carburant solide

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3156733B1 (fr) 2020-02-19
DE202015105427U1 (de) 2015-10-21
HUE049640T2 (hu) 2020-09-28
SI3156733T1 (sl) 2020-06-30

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