EP3156651B1 - Pressure increasing device - Google Patents
Pressure increasing device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3156651B1 EP3156651B1 EP15190110.5A EP15190110A EP3156651B1 EP 3156651 B1 EP3156651 B1 EP 3156651B1 EP 15190110 A EP15190110 A EP 15190110A EP 3156651 B1 EP3156651 B1 EP 3156651B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- control device
- booster pump
- designed
- manner
- Prior art date
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
- E03B7/09—Component parts or accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/0027—Varying behaviour or the very pump
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B5/00—Use of pumping plants or installations; Layouts thereof
- E03B5/02—Use of pumping plants or installations; Layouts thereof arranged in buildings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
- E03B7/04—Domestic or like local pipe systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
- F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/0066—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by changing the speed, e.g. of the driving engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/008—Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B2205/00—Fluid parameters
- F04B2205/04—Pressure in the outlet chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B2205/00—Fluid parameters
- F04B2205/05—Pressure after the pump outlet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B2205/00—Fluid parameters
- F04B2205/06—Pressure in a (hydraulic) circuit
Definitions
- the invention relates to a pressure-increasing device for increasing the pressure of a liquid flowing through a line.
- Such pressure boosting devices are used, for example, in the drinking water supply of buildings, when the line-side pressure in a drinking water supply is not high enough, for example, to convey the drinking water to the top floors of a building.
- Such pressure increasing devices have one or more pressure increasing pumps which can be connected in parallel or in series and which are switched on when the pressure on the output side of the pressure increasing pumps falls below a predetermined limit value. Accordingly, the booster pumps are switched off again when a desired target pressure is reached. In addition to such a start-stop operation, it is possible, in particular with larger flow rates, to operate the booster pumps constantly and to regulate their speed in order to adapt the pressure in the desired manner.
- EP 2 778 296 A1 describes a pump system for a water supply network with a central pump which is arranged on the input side of a branched water supply network.
- the pressure-increasing device is regulated on the basis of a model of the supply network so that there is always a sufficiently high pressure at all points in the water supply network. This involves adjusting the output pressure of the pressure-increasing device.
- the object of the invention is to improve a pressure increasing device for increasing the pressure of a liquid flowing through a line in such a way that an automatic adaptation to the respective hydraulic system takes place in order to minimize the pressure fluctuations occurring.
- This object is achieved by a pressure increasing device with the features specified in claim 1.
- the pressure increasing device is used to increase the pressure of a liquid flowing through a line, for example drinking water in a drinking water line.
- the pressure increasing device has at least one pressure increasing pump.
- several booster pumps can also be connected in parallel and / or in series. If the term booster pump is used in the following, this also expressly includes such arrangements of several booster pumps.
- the pressure-increasing device also has a control device which controls the booster pump. For this purpose, there is at least one pressure sensor arranged on the output side of the pressure booster pump on or in the line, which is connected to the control device in such a way that measured pressure values recorded by the pressure sensor are transmitted to the control device.
- the control device is designed such that it controls the booster pump in a start-stop mode at least in one operating range. That is, the pump is when it reaches an upper Pressure limit switched off and switched on when a lower pressure limit is reached. In this way, the pressure in the line on the outlet side of the pressure increasing device is kept between the upper and lower pressure limit values.
- the control device is designed such that it automatically adjusts at least one pressure control parameter of the control device in this start-stop mode.
- a pressure control parameter is a parameter on which the control of the pressure booster pump by the control device is based, in particular a parameter which influences the switch-on and switch-off times in start-stop operation.
- the automatic adjustment of this at least one pressure control parameter takes place according to the invention on the basis of the time advance of at least one pressure value detected by the pressure sensor. In this way, a self-learning system is created that automatically adapts to the current conditions in the hydraulic system on the output side of the pressure increasing device.
- the control device is preferably designed such that the adaptation takes place in such a way that the pressure difference between the upper and lower pressure limit values is minimized without increasing the number of switch-on processes above a predetermined limit value. This ensures that the running time of the pressure booster pump in the start-stop mode is essentially not extended, while at the same time comfort is improved by minimizing pressure fluctuations in the system. In this way, comfort can be increased with simultaneous energy efficiency.
- the pressure increasing device or its control device is designed in such a way that the at least one pressure control parameter which is automatically adapted is the upper and / or the lower pressure limit value.
- the pressure control parameter can be the difference between the upper and the lower pressure limit, ie a hysteresis range.
- the adaptation of the pressure limit values or their difference enables an automatic adaptation of the pressure booster to the subsequent hydraulic system or the conditions prevailing in the system by adapting the pressure limit values so that the pressure difference is minimized during operation without the number of switch-on processes or . to significantly increase the total duty cycle of the booster pump. In this way a gain in comfort is achieved.
- the control device is designed in such a way that the adaptation of the at least one pressure control parameter, for example the upper and / or lower pressure limit value, takes place on the basis of the lead time of the at least one detected pressure value in such evaluation periods, in which is given a constant flow in the line.
- This has the advantage that pressure fluctuations, which result, for example, from the opening and closing of tapping points or consumers in the hydraulic system, have essentially no influence on the measurement and adaptation of the pressure control parameter. This ensures that essentially only influences that originate from the system itself are taken into account. If, for example, one or more taps in a drinking water pipe are opened, there is a sudden drop in pressure in the system with a sudden increase in flow. These changes in status do not come from the design of the system but from user behavior and should, if possible, be disregarded during the adjustment. This means that the evaluation should preferably take place in a stable operating state.
- control device is designed in such a way that it places the evaluation periods in those periods in which the pressure booster pump is switched on in the start-stop operation. That is to say, the pressure curve over time, on the basis of which the adjustment of the pressure control parameter takes place, is preferably recorded during the pressure increase by the pressure increase pump.
- control device is designed in such a way that the said evaluation periods are placed in time periods in which a speed of the pressure booster pump is increased or decreased by the control device.
- the control device is preferably designed in such a way that it monitors the pressure profile, that is, the profile of the pressure measured by the at least one pressure sensor in the system, in the evaluation periods and only adjusts the at least one pressure control parameter as long as the pressure profile is in predefined Limits a target pressure curve follows. If this is the case, it can be concluded from this that there are no changes in the stable operating state, which result, for example, from the fact that draw-off points are opened or closed. According to the invention, these influences should be excluded as far as possible.
- control device is designed such that it is used to adapt the at least a pressure control parameter uses a prediction error system identification method. As described above, the deviation from a predicted pressure value is considered and an adaptation is carried out in such a way that this deviation or this error is minimized.
- the control device preferably has a prediction system for predicting a pressure value on the basis of a prediction model.
- the prediction system is designed such that the prediction is made as a function of the speed of the pressure booster pump. That is, the prediction system predicts an expected pressure value in the system as a function of a current speed of the pressure booster pump.
- the prediction system adapts at least one system parameter in the prediction model on the basis of a predetermined algorithm. What is achieved thereby is that the prediction model is adapted to the actual system and the prediction error is minimized or becomes smaller.
- this system can also be used to detect changes in the hydraulic system, for example leaks. If larger changes in the at least one system parameter in the prediction model are required after a previously constant operation, this indicates a change in the system, for example a leak.
- the control device can be designed in such a way that, if it detects such a deviation, it indicates, for example, an error.
- the prediction system is preferably designed such that it uses a prediction model that is an autoregressive model (ARX model), in particular an autoregressive model (ARX model) of the first order.
- a prediction of the pressure values can be achieved in a simple manner on the basis of such a model.
- at least one system parameter used can be adapted in the manner described above in order to minimize the prediction error.
- control device is designed such that the at least one pressure control parameter is stored in the prediction model as a function of the at least one system parameter, in particular on the basis of a predetermined algorithm or a table, in particular a predetermined one and stored in the control device Table, is fixed.
- the pressure limit values described above can also be adapted as pressure control parameters as a function of the system parameter in the prediction model, which is adapted in the manner described above.
- the pressure control parameter which in start-stop operation preferably influences the switch-on and / or switch-off times of the pressure booster pump, is adapted as a function of the at least one adapted system parameter, so that in addition to minimizing the prediction error in the In the manner described above, the pressure difference between switching the pressure booster pump on and off can be minimized and thus a gain in comfort can be achieved.
- the control device preferably has a pressure regulator which regulates the pressure increasing pump to a pressure setpoint.
- the pressure setpoint is fed to the pressure regulator as an input variable.
- the pressure setpoint is preferably provided by the control device set on the basis of a desired pressure value specified by a user.
- the at least one pressure control parameter can be a control or regulating parameter in the pressure regulator.
- a pressure control parameter can be adapted alone or in addition to other pressure control parameters in the manner described above on the basis of the time profile of the pressure value.
- the pressure increasing device is designed such that a check valve is arranged on the outlet side of the pressure increasing pump.
- a check valve is advantageous in order to ensure, when the pressure increasing pump is switched off, that the liquid does not flow back and that the pressure is maintained on the outlet side of the pressure increasing pump, that is to say on the outlet side of the check valve.
- This check valve also closes at low flow rates. In such a state, a change in the speed of the pressure booster pump no longer has any influence on the actual pressure, which is measured by the pressure sensor downstream of the check valve.
- the pressure sensor is preferably arranged downstream of the check valve.
- the control device can switch the controller to the start-stop mode described. The described adaptation of the at least one pressure control parameter then takes place in this state.
- the control device is preferably designed so that it controls the booster pump in an operating range in which there is a low flow rate, in the described start-stop operation, and to reach the booster pump in at least one other operating range, preferably an operating range with a higher flow rate a desired pressure increase regulates their speed.
- the limit for the start-stop operation can be set in a known manner, for example in the from DE 38 24 293 A1 known manner. In particular, as described above, this can be recognized by the action of the check valve and by whether the actual pressure profile follows the predicted pressure profile within the desired limits.
- the pressure booster pump is preferably in continuous operation and the pressure is set in the desired manner by speed control or speed adjustment.
- the pressure increasing pump is preferably an electronically controlled pump, in particular a pump controlled via a frequency converter, so that the speed can be changed as required.
- the control device is preferably designed such that it detects the area of low flow.
- the control device can preferably have a flow detection model which is designed to detect the low flow operating range on the basis of at least one pressure value detected by the pressure sensor and on the basis of changes in the speed of the pressure booster pump.
- the pressure sensor is preferably arranged behind a check valve, as described above.
- the flow detection model can recognize the area of low flow from the fact that when the check valve is closed, which occurs at low flow, the measured pressure value no longer follows a change in the setpoint pressure. The That is, the limit for the low speed range in which the start-stop mode is switched on depends on the function of the check valve and preferably on its bias.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a pressure-increasing device in a drinking water supply line.
- the pressure increasing device has a pressure booster pump 2, to which a check valve 4 is connected further downstream on the output side.
- a buffer tank 6 is arranged on the outlet side of the check valve 4, which buffer tank can be designed in the usual way as a storage tank with a membrane and a closed air volume arranged above it.
- a pressure sensor 8 is arranged further downstream, which detects the pressure P on the output side of the pressure increasing pump 2 and on the output side of the check valve 4.
- a valve 10 is shown schematically, which is intended to represent one or more consumers, for example extraction points, and via which the flow in the line 5 is set on the outlet side of the check valve 4. It is to be understood that, instead of a valve 10, a branched network with a plurality of valves 10 can be connected to the line 5 in practice.
- control device 12 which controls or regulates the pressure increasing pump 2.
- the pressure booster pump 2 is switched on and off by the control device 12, on the one hand, but its speed is also regulated on the other.
- the pressure booster pump 2 can be controlled via a speed controller, in particular a frequency converter.
- the control device 12 is signal-connected to the pressure sensor 8, so that it receives the pressure values detected by the pressure sensor 8.
- booster pump 2 instead of a single pressure increasing pump 2, several pressure increasing pumps connected in parallel and / or in series could also be used, which are controlled or regulated by the control device 12. If a booster pump 2 is described here, it is to be understood that this also expressly includes an arrangement of a plurality of booster pumps 2.
- the pressure booster pump 2 When the pressure increasing device shown is in operation, there are preferably two operating states, namely an operating state of low flow and an operating state of high flow.
- the pressure booster pump 2 In the high flow operating state, the pressure booster pump 2 preferably runs continuously and its speed is regulated via the control device 12 as a function of the pressure value detected at the pressure sensor 8 in order to achieve or maintain a setpoint pressure value.
- the check valve 4 closes and the speed control of the pressure booster pump 2 no longer has any influence on reducing the pressure in the line 5.
- pressure control as described above can no longer be carried out.
- the pressure-increasing device switches to a start-stop mode in which the pressure-increasing pump 2 is switched on when the pressure P in the line 5 falls below a lower pressure limit value, and the pressure-increasing pump 2 is switched off when the pressure P in the line 5 has reached an upper pressure limit. This switching on and off of the pressure increasing pump 2 is accomplished by the control device 12.
- FIG. 2a and Figure 2b the pressure P in the line 5 is plotted against the time t in the upper diagram.
- the lower diagram shows the switch-on states of the pressure booster pump 2 over the time t. If the value is 1, the pressure increasing pump 2 is switched on;
- Fig. 2a shows in the upper curve the pressure curve over time t with a small tank volume and in the lower curve the associated switch-on states.
- the pressure booster pump 2 is always switched off when the upper pressure limit value P 1 is reached T A switched off. The pressure then falls to the lower pressure limit value P 2 .
- the upper pressure limit value P 1 is reduced to the pressure limit value P 1 'and the lower pressure limit value P 2 is increased to the lower pressure limit value P 2 ', ie the hysteresis range is reduced to P 1 '- P 2 '.
- the pressure difference between switching the pressure booster pump 2 off and on is thus reduced.
- the time interval between the switching-off times T A and the switching-on times T E is also shortened again.
- FIG. 7 which shows the pressure curve P over time t, similar to the upper curve in Figure 2b .
- a first operating state a there is a low flow rate with a small tank volume.
- the actual pressure P fluctuates around the pressure P u selected by the user in a relatively large range.
- the switching intervals are short.
- the operating state b in Fig. 7 represents a low flow condition with a larger tank volume.
- the pressure fluctuations remain the same, but the intervals between switching the pressure increasing pump 2 on and off lengthen.
- the operating range c represents a low flow rate with a large tank volume after the adjustment of the Pressure limit values P 1 and P 2 .
- the switching intervals are shortened again.
- the pressure fluctuation is reduced by the desired value P u .
- the operating range d corresponds to an operating range with a high flow rate, in which the pressure increasing pump 2 is no longer operated in start-stop operation but in constant operation with pressure regulation. There are essentially no pressure fluctuations in this operating range.
- Fig. 3 shows in a diagram the sequence of the regulation or control of the pressure booster pump 2 by the control device 12.
- the in Fig. 3 The control components shown are integrated in the control device 12 or run there in corresponding modules. These are in particular software modules.
- the physical system 14 and its influences on the control or regulation are shown in Fig. 3 indicated by the dashed line.
- An essential component of the physical system 14 is a transfer function 16 which represents the hydraulic system or is formed by the hydraulic system and on which the conversion of the speed n of the pressure increasing pump 2 into the pressure P in the line 5 depends.
- a user-dependent transfer function 18 which represents the influence of the position of the valve 10.
- the speed n is the output variable of a pressure regulator 20 which is integrated in the control device 12.
- the pressure regulator 20 is supplied with a setpoint pressure P S , from which the actual pressure P at the subtracter 22 is subtracted.
- the setpoint pressure P S is calculated or output by a state control or state regulating module 24.
- a pressure P u desired by the user is fed to the state control module 24 as an input variable.
- the difference between the upper pressure limit value P 1 and the lower pressure limit value P 2 , ie a hysteresis range P 1 -P 2 is determined in a parameter module 28. This takes place on the basis of the parameters a 1 and b 1 determined in a prediction module 26.
- a prediction model is used, which in the present example is an autoregressive model of the first order (ARX model). Its parameters a 1 and b 1 are determined in a prediction module 26.
- the prediction module 26 is supplied with the actual pressure P, the speed n and a status value Z as input variables, the status value Z representing the operating range, namely an operating range of low flow or an operating range of high flow, with the start-stop- Operation is applied.
- the regulation or control is adapted to the state of the physical system 14 by using the parameter module 28 the pressure control parameter in the form of the difference P 1 - P 2 of the pressure limit values P 1 and P 2 is adapted.
- the difference between the pressure limit values P 1 and P 2 is an example of a pressure control parameter to be adapted.
- pressure control parameters can also be adapted in a corresponding manner, for example parameters which flow into the pressure regulation.
- the actual pressure limit values P 1 and P 2 are set by the state control module 24 based on the desired pressure P U , so that the desired pressure P U is preferably located in the middle of the hysteresis range P 1 -P 2 .
- the control device 12 and in particular its status control module 24 have, in particular, an operating status recognition function in order to determine the area of low flow in which a start-stop operation is to take place. How this works is based on Fig. 4 explained.
- Fig. 1 the lower curve shows the speed n of the booster pump 2 over time t.
- the upper curve shows the pressure profile of the pressure P over time t, the solid line representing the actually measured pressure P at the pressure sensor 8 and the dashed line representing the setpoint pressure P S.
- the middle diagram in Fig. 4 shows the flow rate Q over time t.
- the three diagrams shown represent a chronologically parallel sequence. At time t1, the flow rate Q drops, so that the operating state changes from a state of high flow to the state of low flow or essentially no flow.
- the actual pressure P initially increases and falls again to the setpoint pressure P S due to the pressure control carried out in the pressure regulator 20.
- the detection takes place as to whether a state of lower flow is present.
- the setpoint pressure P S and thus the speed n are reduced and a check is made as to whether the actual pressure profile P follows the profile of the setpoint pressure P S.
- Fig. 4 clearly not the case.
- the system then switches to start-stop mode.
- the pressure increasing pump 2 is switched on between the times t3 and t4 and t5 and t6.
- the speed n and thus the pressure P increase.
- the pressure increasing pump 2 is switched off between times t4 and t5 and after time t6.
- the speed initially drops.
- the pressure P then drops more slowly, as shown in FIG Fig. 2 was explained.
- a 1 and b 1 represent two parameters.
- ⁇ represents a step size parameter and e the prediction error.
- the mode of operation of the prediction error model for adapting the predicted pressure P p is based on Fig. 5 explained.
- Fig. 5 shows in the upper diagram the pressure plotted against time t, the solid line showing the measured pressure P and the dashed line showing the predicted pressure P p .
- the second diagram shows the prediction error e versus time t and the two lower curves represent the parameters a 1 and b 1 versus time t. It can be seen that the predicted pressure P p initially deviates significantly from the actual pressure P. This results in a prediction error e, on the basis of which the parameters a 1 and b 1 are adapted in such a way that the predicted pressure P p and the actual pressure P are made to coincide, that is to say the prediction error e is essentially zero.
- this prediction error method is also used to adapt at least one pressure control parameter in the parameter module 28.
- the pressure control parameter is the difference P 1 - P 2 between the pressure limit values P 1 and P 2 .
- these pressure limit values are adapted on the basis of parameter b 1 .
- a table is stored in the control device 12, in particular in the parameter module 28, which defines pressure differences between the pressure limit values P 1 and P 2 , ie pressure hysteresis ranges, for certain parameters b 1 .
- pressure limit values P 1 and P 2 could also be stored directly in the table, but for this it would also be necessary to supply the desired pressure Pu to the parameter module 28 and to take this into account in the table.
- a table from which the pressure difference P 1 -P 2 result can for example as in Fig. 6 look shown.
- a pressure difference or a hysteresis range of 0.1 bar is provided between the pressure limit values P 1 and P 2
- a pressure difference or hysteresis range of 0.5 bar is provided. It is conceivable that the table is designed in more detail in even more printing steps in order to enable a finer adjustment.
- the described adaptation of the parameters a 1 and b 1 takes place preferably at operating points or in operating ranges of the pressure booster pump 2 in which a stable operating state, that is to say in particular a flow that is as constant as possible, is given.
- a stable operating state that is to say in particular a flow that is as constant as possible.
- the control device 12 is preferably designed in such a way that it recognizes these operating states. In particular, it recognizes a change in the flow rate from the fact that the Pressure suddenly changes or the actually measured pressure P deviates from the setpoint pressure P S.
- control device 12 can be designed so that, for example, whenever the pressure booster pump 2 is switched on in start-stop operation, a parameter adjustment of the parameters a 1 and b 1 is carried out, provided that there are no changes in the pressure curve due to a change in the position of the Valve is detected.
- the table, according to which the difference P 1 - P 2 of the pressure limit values P 1 and P 2 is adjusted, is predetermined in such a way that, depending on the parameter b 1, the pressure difference or pressure hysteresis range P 1 - P 2 is determined in such a way that the pressure difference is minimized without the number of switch-on operations of the booster pump 2 exceeding a certain limit. This is guaranteed by the predetermined table. Since the parameter b 1 is dependent on the course of the measured pressure P, the difference P 1 - P 2 of the pressure limit values P 1 and P 2 , which represents the pressure control parameter, are also calculated on the basis of the course of the measured pressure P adjusted.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung zur Druckerhöhung einer durch eine Leitung strömenden Flüssigkeit.The invention relates to a pressure-increasing device for increasing the pressure of a liquid flowing through a line.
Derartige Druckerhöhungseinrichtungen finden beispielsweise in der Trinkwasserversorgung von Gebäuden Verwendung, wenn der in einer Trinkwasserversorgung anstehende leitungsseitige Druck beispielsweise nicht ausreichend hoch ist, das Trinkwasser bis in die obersten Stockwerke eines Gebäudes zu fördern. Derartige Druckerhöhungseinrichtungen weisen eine oder mehrere Druckerhöhungspumpen auf, welche parallel oder in Reihe geschaltet werden können und welche eingeschaltet werden, wenn der Druck ausgangsseitig der Druckerhöhungspumpen einen vorbestimmten Grenzwert unterschreitet. Entsprechend werden die Druckerhöhungspumpen bei Erreichen eines gewünschten Zieldruckes wieder ausgeschaltet. Neben einem solchen Start-Stopp-Betrieb ist es insbesondere bei größeren Durchflüssen möglich, die Druckerhöhungspumpen konstant zu betreiben und in ihrer Drehzahl zu regeln, um den Druck in gewünschter Weise anzupassen.Such pressure boosting devices are used, for example, in the drinking water supply of buildings, when the line-side pressure in a drinking water supply is not high enough, for example, to convey the drinking water to the top floors of a building. Such pressure increasing devices have one or more pressure increasing pumps which can be connected in parallel or in series and which are switched on when the pressure on the output side of the pressure increasing pumps falls below a predetermined limit value. Accordingly, the booster pumps are switched off again when a desired target pressure is reached. In addition to such a start-stop operation, it is possible, in particular with larger flow rates, to operate the booster pumps constantly and to regulate their speed in order to adapt the pressure in the desired manner.
Wenn eine solche Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung im genannten Start-Stopp-Betrieb betrieben wird, besteht das Problem, dass die Zeitspanne zwischen Aus- und Einschalten der Druckerhöhungspumpen u.a. davon abhängig ist, wie groß das Volumen in dem sich anschließenden Leitungssystem ist und insbesondere in einem gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Puffertank ist. Ein großes Volumen führt zu großen Druckschwankungen über einen vergleichsweise langen Zeitraum. Bei gleicher Einschaltdauer der Druckerhöhungspumpen ließe sich in einem solchen System ein besserer Komfort mit geringeren Druckschwankungen erreichen. In bisherigen Systemen kann dies nur durch manuelle Anpassung erreicht werden.If such a pressure increasing device is operated in the aforementioned start-stop mode, there is the problem that the time span between switching the pressure increasing pumps off and on depends, among other things, on how large the volume is in the adjoining pipe system and in particular in a buffer tank that may be present is. A large volume leads to large pressure fluctuations over a comparatively long period of time. With the same duty cycle of the booster pumps, one such a system achieve better comfort with lower pressure fluctuations. In previous systems this can only be achieved through manual adjustment.
Im Hinblick auf die vorgenannte Problematik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung zur Erhöhung des Druckes einer durch eine Leitung strömenden Flüssigkeit dahingehend zu verbessern, dass eine automatische Anpassung an das jeweilige hydraulische System zur Minimierung der auftretenden Druckschwankungen erfolgt. Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung mit den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie den beigefügten Figuren.With regard to the aforementioned problem, the object of the invention is to improve a pressure increasing device for increasing the pressure of a liquid flowing through a line in such a way that an automatic adaptation to the respective hydraulic system takes place in order to minimize the pressure fluctuations occurring. This object is achieved by a pressure increasing device with the features specified in
Die erfindungsgemäße Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung dient zur Erhöhung des Druckes einer durch eine Leitung strömenden Flüssigkeit, beispielsweise von Trinkwasser in einer Trinkwasserleitung. Die Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung weist zumindest eine Druckerhöhungspumpe auf. Es können jedoch auch mehrere Druckerhöhungspumpen parallel und/oder in Reihe geschaltet sein. Wenn nachfolgend der Begriff Druckerhöhungspumpe verwendet wird, so schließt dies ausdrücklich auch derartige Anordnungen von mehreren Druckerhöhungspumpen mit ein. Die Druckerhöhungseinrichtung weist darüber hinaus eine Steuereinrichtung auf, welche die Druckerhöhungspumpe steuert. Dazu ist zumindest ein ausgangsseitig der Druckerhöhungspumpe an oder in der Leitung angeordneter Drucksensor vorhanden, welcher mit der Steuereinrichtung derart verbunden ist, dass von dem Drucksensor erfasste Druck-Messwerte an die Steuereinrichtung übertragen werden.The pressure increasing device according to the invention is used to increase the pressure of a liquid flowing through a line, for example drinking water in a drinking water line. The pressure increasing device has at least one pressure increasing pump. However, several booster pumps can also be connected in parallel and / or in series. If the term booster pump is used in the following, this also expressly includes such arrangements of several booster pumps. The pressure-increasing device also has a control device which controls the booster pump. For this purpose, there is at least one pressure sensor arranged on the output side of the pressure booster pump on or in the line, which is connected to the control device in such a way that measured pressure values recorded by the pressure sensor are transmitted to the control device.
Die Steuereinrichtung ist so ausgebildet, dass sie zumindest in einem Betriebsbereich die Druckerhöhungspumpe in einem Start-Stopp-Betrieb steuert. Das heißt die Pumpe wird bei Erreichen eines oberen Druckgrenzwertes ausgeschaltet und bei Erreichen eines unteren Druckgrenzwertes eingeschaltet. So wird der Druck in der Leitung ausgangsseitig der Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung zwischen dem oberen und dem unteren Druckgrenzwert gehalten.The control device is designed such that it controls the booster pump in a start-stop mode at least in one operating range. That is, the pump is when it reaches an upper Pressure limit switched off and switched on when a lower pressure limit is reached. In this way, the pressure in the line on the outlet side of the pressure increasing device is kept between the upper and lower pressure limit values.
Erfindungsgemäß ist die Steuereinrichtung derart ausgestaltet, dass sie in diesem Start-Stopp-Betrieb zumindest einen Druck-Steuer-Parameter der Steuereinrichtung automatisch anpasst. Ein solcher Druck-Steuer-Parameter ist ein Parameter, welcher der Steuerung der Druckerhöhungspumpe durch die Steuereinrichtung zugrundegelegt wird, insbesondere ein Parameter, welcher Einfluss auf die Ein- und Ausschaltzeitpunkte im Start-Stopp-Betrieb hat. Die automatische Anpassung dieses zumindest einen Druck-Steuer-Parameters erfolgt erfindungsgemäß auf Grundlage des zeitlichen Vorlaufs zumindest eines von dem Drucksensor erfassten Druckwertes. So wird ein selbstlernendes System geschaffen, welches sich an die aktuellen Bedingungen in dem hydraulischen System ausgangsseitig der Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung selbsttätig anpasst. Vorzugsweise ist die Steuereinrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass die Anpassung in der Weise geschieht, dass die Druckdifferenz zwischen dem oberen und dem unteren Druckgrenzwert minimiert wird, ohne die Zahl der Einschaltvorgänge über einen vorbestimmten Grenzwert zu erhöhen. So wird sichergestellt, dass die Laufzeit der Druckerhöhungspumpe in dem Start-Stopp-Betrieb im Wesentlichen nicht verlängert wird, gleichzeitig aber der Komfort verbessert wird, indem Druckschwankungen im System minimiert werden. So kann der Komfort bei gleichzeitiger Energieeffizienz gesteigert werden.According to the invention, the control device is designed such that it automatically adjusts at least one pressure control parameter of the control device in this start-stop mode. Such a pressure control parameter is a parameter on which the control of the pressure booster pump by the control device is based, in particular a parameter which influences the switch-on and switch-off times in start-stop operation. The automatic adjustment of this at least one pressure control parameter takes place according to the invention on the basis of the time advance of at least one pressure value detected by the pressure sensor. In this way, a self-learning system is created that automatically adapts to the current conditions in the hydraulic system on the output side of the pressure increasing device. The control device is preferably designed such that the adaptation takes place in such a way that the pressure difference between the upper and lower pressure limit values is minimized without increasing the number of switch-on processes above a predetermined limit value. This ensures that the running time of the pressure booster pump in the start-stop mode is essentially not extended, while at the same time comfort is improved by minimizing pressure fluctuations in the system. In this way, comfort can be increased with simultaneous energy efficiency.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung bzw. deren Steuereinrichtung derart ausgestaltet, dass der zumindest eine Druck-Steuer-Parameter, welcher automatisch angepasst wird, der obere und/oder der untere Druckgrenzwert ist. Insbesondere kann der Druck-Steuer-Parameter die Differenz zwischen dem oberen und dem unteren Druckgrenzwert, d.h. eine Hystrese-Spanne sein. Die Anpassung der Druckgrenzwerte bzw. deren Differenz ermöglicht eine automatische Anpassung der Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung an das sich anschließende hydraulische System bzw. die in dem System herrschenden Zustände, indem die Druckgrenzwerte so angepasst werden, dass die Druckdifferenz im Betrieb minimiert wird, ohne die Zahl der Einschaltvorgänge bzw. die gesamte Einschaltdauer der Druckerhöhungspumpe wesentlich zu erhöhen. So wird ein Komfortgewinn erzielt. Insbesondere ist eine Anpassung des Systems an ein Tankvolumen eines Puffertankes im System möglich. Bei großem Volumen ist es möglich die Druckdifferenz zu verkleinern, so dass insgesamt geringere Druckschwankungen im System auftreten.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pressure increasing device or its control device is designed in such a way that the at least one pressure control parameter which is automatically adapted is the upper and / or the lower pressure limit value. In particular, the pressure control parameter can be the difference between the upper and the lower pressure limit, ie a hysteresis range. The adaptation of the pressure limit values or their difference enables an automatic adaptation of the pressure booster to the subsequent hydraulic system or the conditions prevailing in the system by adapting the pressure limit values so that the pressure difference is minimized during operation without the number of switch-on processes or . to significantly increase the total duty cycle of the booster pump. In this way a gain in comfort is achieved. In particular, it is possible to adapt the system to a tank volume of a buffer tank in the system. In the case of large volumes, it is possible to reduce the pressure difference so that overall lower pressure fluctuations occur in the system.
Gemäß einer weiter bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Steuereinrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass die Anpassung des zumindest einen Druck-Steuer-Parameters, beispielsweise des oberen und/oder unteren Druckgrenzwertes, auf Grundlage des zeitlichen Vorlaufes des zumindest einen erfassten Druckwertes in derartigen Auswertezeiträumen erfolgt, in welchen ein konstanter Durchfluss in der Leitung gegeben ist. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass Druckschwankungen, welche beispielsweise durch das Öffnen und Schließen von Zapfstellen bzw. Verbrauchern im hydraulischen System herrühren, im Wesentlichen keinen Einfluss auf die Messung und die Anpassung des Druck-Steuer-Parameters haben. So wird sichergestellt, dass tatsächlich im Wesentlichen nur Einflüsse, welche aus dem System selber herrühren, berücksichtigt werden. Wenn beispielsweise ein oder mehrere Zapfstellen einer Trinkwasserleitung geöffnet werden, kommt es im System zu einem plötzlichen Druckabfall mit einer plötzlichen Erhöhung des Durchflusses. Diese Zustandsänderungen rühren nicht aus der Gestaltung des Systems sondern aus dem Nutzerverhalten her und sollen bei der Anpassung nach Möglichkeit unberücksichtigt bleiben. Das heißt die Auswertung soll vorzugsweise in einem stabilen Betriebszustand stattfinden.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the control device is designed in such a way that the adaptation of the at least one pressure control parameter, for example the upper and / or lower pressure limit value, takes place on the basis of the lead time of the at least one detected pressure value in such evaluation periods, in which is given a constant flow in the line. This has the advantage that pressure fluctuations, which result, for example, from the opening and closing of tapping points or consumers in the hydraulic system, have essentially no influence on the measurement and adaptation of the pressure control parameter. This ensures that essentially only influences that originate from the system itself are taken into account. If, for example, one or more taps in a drinking water pipe are opened, there is a sudden drop in pressure in the system with a sudden increase in flow. These changes in status do not come from the design of the system but from user behavior and should, if possible, be disregarded during the adjustment. This means that the evaluation should preferably take place in a stable operating state.
Gemäß einer weiter bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Steuereinrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass sie die Auwertzeiträume in solche Zeiträume legt, in welchen bei dem Start-Stopp-Betrieb die Druckerhöhungspumpe eingeschaltet ist. Das heißt der zeitliche Druckverlauf, auf dessen Grundlage die Anpassung des Druck-Steuer-Parameters erfolgt, wird bevorzugt während der Druckerhöhung durch die Druckerhöhungspumpe erfasst.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the control device is designed in such a way that it places the evaluation periods in those periods in which the pressure booster pump is switched on in the start-stop operation. That is to say, the pressure curve over time, on the basis of which the adjustment of the pressure control parameter takes place, is preferably recorded during the pressure increase by the pressure increase pump.
Gemäß einer weiter bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Steuereinrichtung so ausgebildet, dass die genannten Auswertezeiträume in Zeiträume gelegt werden, in welchen eine Drehzahl der Druckerhöhungspumpe von der Steuereinrichtung erhöht oder verringert wird. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Abhängigkeit der Veränderung des gemessenen Druckes im System von der Drehzahländerung betrachtet werden kann. Es kann beurteilt werden, ob der Druck der Drehzahländerung in erwarteter Weise folgt, das heißt die Änderung des tatsächlich erfassten Druckes einer vorbestimmten bzw. beabsichtigten Druckänderung folgt.According to a further preferred embodiment, the control device is designed in such a way that the said evaluation periods are placed in time periods in which a speed of the pressure booster pump is increased or decreased by the control device. This has the advantage that the dependence of the change in the measured pressure in the system on the change in speed can be observed. It can be assessed whether the pressure follows the change in rotational speed in the expected manner, that is to say whether the change in the actually detected pressure follows a predetermined or intended change in pressure.
So ist die Steuereinrichtung vorzugsweise derart ausgebildet, dass sie in den Auswertezeiträumen den Druckverlauf, das heißt den Verlauf des von dem zumindest einen Drucksensor im System gemessenen Druckes überwacht und eine Anpassung des zumindest einen Druck-Steuer-Parameters nur vornimmt, solange der Druckverlauf in vordefinierten Grenzen einem Soll-Druckverlauf folgt. Ist dies der Fall, so lässt sich daraus schließen, dass keine Veränderungen des stabilen Betriebszustandes vorliegen, welche beispielsweise daher rühren, dass Zapfstellen geöffnet oder geschlossen werden. Diese Einflüsse sollen erfindungsgemäß nach Möglichkeit ausgeschlossen werden.The control device is preferably designed in such a way that it monitors the pressure profile, that is, the profile of the pressure measured by the at least one pressure sensor in the system, in the evaluation periods and only adjusts the at least one pressure control parameter as long as the pressure profile is in predefined Limits a target pressure curve follows. If this is the case, it can be concluded from this that there are no changes in the stable operating state, which result, for example, from the fact that draw-off points are opened or closed. According to the invention, these influences should be excluded as far as possible.
Gemäß einer weiter bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Steuereinrichtung so ausgebildet, dass sie zur Anpassung des zumindest einen Druck-Steuer-Parameters eine Vorhersagefehler-Methode (prediction error system identification method) verwendet. Wie oben beschrieben, wird dabei die Abweichung von einem vorhergesagten Druckwert betrachtet und es wird eine Anpassung in der Weise durchgeführt, dass diese Abweichung bzw. dieser Fehler minimiert wird.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the control device is designed such that it is used to adapt the at least a pressure control parameter uses a prediction error system identification method. As described above, the deviation from a predicted pressure value is considered and an adaptation is carried out in such a way that this deviation or this error is minimized.
Die Steuereinrichtung weist vorzugsweise ein Vorhersagesystem zur Vorhersage eines Druckwertes auf Grundlage eines Vorhersagemodells auf. Dabei ist das Vorhersagesystem so ausgebildet ist, dass die Vorhersage in Abhängigkeit der Drehzahl der Druckerhöhungspumpe erfolgt. Das heißt das Vorhersagesystem sagt einen erwarteten Druckwert im System in Abhängigkeit von einer aktuellen Drehzahl der Druckerhöhungspumpe voraus. Bei einer erfassten Abweichung des tastsächlichen erfassten Druckwertes von dem vorhergesagten Druckwert passt das Vorhersagesystem zumindest einen System-Parameter in den Vorhersagemodell auf Grundlage eines vorgegebenen Algorithmus an. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass das Vorhersagemodell an das tatsächliche System angepasst wird, und der Vorhersagefehler minimiert wird bzw. kleiner wird.The control device preferably has a prediction system for predicting a pressure value on the basis of a prediction model. The prediction system is designed such that the prediction is made as a function of the speed of the pressure booster pump. That is, the prediction system predicts an expected pressure value in the system as a function of a current speed of the pressure booster pump. In the event of a detected deviation of the actually detected pressure value from the predicted pressure value, the prediction system adapts at least one system parameter in the prediction model on the basis of a predetermined algorithm. What is achieved thereby is that the prediction model is adapted to the actual system and the prediction error is minimized or becomes smaller.
Dieses System kann neben der Anpassung der Steuerung an die tatsächlichen Bedingungen im hydraulischen System auch dazu genutzt werden, Veränderungen im hydraulischen System, beispielsweise Leckagen zu erkennen. Wenn größere Veränderungen des zumindest einen System-Parameters in dem Vorhersagemodell nach einem vorher konstanten Betrieb erforderlich sind, lässt dies auf eine Veränderung im System, beispielsweise eine Leckage schließen. Die Steuereinrichtung kann so ausgebildet sein, dass, wenn sie eine solche Abweichung erkennt, beispielsweise einen Fehler anzeigt.In addition to adapting the control to the actual conditions in the hydraulic system, this system can also be used to detect changes in the hydraulic system, for example leaks. If larger changes in the at least one system parameter in the prediction model are required after a previously constant operation, this indicates a change in the system, for example a leak. The control device can be designed in such a way that, if it detects such a deviation, it indicates, for example, an error.
Das Vorhersagesystem ist vorzugsweise so ausgebildet, dass es ein Vorhersagemodell verwendet, welches ein autoregressives Modell (ARX-model), insbesondere ein autoregressives Model (ARX-model) erster Ordnung ist. Auf Grundlage eines solchen Modells lässt sich auf einfache Weise eine Vorhersage der Druckwerte erreichen. Ferner kann in einem solchen Modell zumindest ein verwendeter System-Parameter in der oben beschriebenen Weise angepasst werden, um den Vorhersagefehler zu minimieren.The prediction system is preferably designed such that it uses a prediction model that is an autoregressive model (ARX model), in particular an autoregressive model (ARX model) of the first order. A prediction of the pressure values can be achieved in a simple manner on the basis of such a model. Furthermore, in such a model, at least one system parameter used can be adapted in the manner described above in order to minimize the prediction error.
Gemäß einer weiter bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Steuereinrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass der zumindest eine Druck-Steuer-Parameter in Abhängigkeit des zumindest einen System-Parameters in dem Vorhersagemodel, insbesondere auf Grundlage eines vorgegebenen Algorithmus oder einer Tabelle, insbesondere eine vorgegebenen und in der Steuereinrichtung hinterlegten Tabelle, festgesetzt wird. So können insbesondere die oben beschriebenen Druckgrenzwerte als Druck-Steuer-Parameter in Abhängigkeit des System-Parameters in dem Vorhersagemodell, welcher in der oben beschriebenen Weise angepasst wird, ebenfalls angepasst werden. So wird der Druck-Steuer-Parameter, welcher im Start-Stopp-Betrieb vorzugsweise Einfluss auf die Ein- und/oder Ausschaltzeitpunkte der Druckerhöhungspumpe hat, in Abhängigkeit des zumindest einen angepassten System-Parameters angepasst, so dass neben der Minimierung des Vorhersagefehlers in der vorangehend beschriebenen Weise die Druckdifferenz zwischen Ein- und Ausschalten der Druckerhöhungspumpe minimiert werden kann und so ein Komfortgewinn erreicht werden kann.According to a further preferred embodiment, the control device is designed such that the at least one pressure control parameter is stored in the prediction model as a function of the at least one system parameter, in particular on the basis of a predetermined algorithm or a table, in particular a predetermined one and stored in the control device Table, is fixed. In particular, the pressure limit values described above can also be adapted as pressure control parameters as a function of the system parameter in the prediction model, which is adapted in the manner described above. The pressure control parameter, which in start-stop operation preferably influences the switch-on and / or switch-off times of the pressure booster pump, is adapted as a function of the at least one adapted system parameter, so that in addition to minimizing the prediction error in the In the manner described above, the pressure difference between switching the pressure booster pump on and off can be minimized and thus a gain in comfort can be achieved.
Die Steuereinrichtung weist vorzugsweise einen Druckregler auf, welcher die Druckerhöhungspumpe auf einen Drucksollwert regelt. Dem Druckregler wird der Drucksollwert als Eingangsgröße zugeführt. Dabei wird der Drucksollwert vorzugsweise von der Steuereinrichtung auf Grundlage eines von einem Nutzer vorgegebenen gewünschten Druckwertes eingestellt.The control device preferably has a pressure regulator which regulates the pressure increasing pump to a pressure setpoint. The pressure setpoint is fed to the pressure regulator as an input variable. The pressure setpoint is preferably provided by the control device set on the basis of a desired pressure value specified by a user.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann der zumindest eine Druck-Steuer-Parameter ein Steuer- bzw. Regelparameter in dem Druckregler sein. Ein solcher Druck-Steuer-Parameter kann allein oder zusätzlich zu anderen Druck-Steuer-Parametern in der oben beschriebenen Weise auf Grundlage des zeitlichen Verlaufes des Druckwertes angepasst werden.According to a further preferred embodiment, the at least one pressure control parameter can be a control or regulating parameter in the pressure regulator. Such a pressure control parameter can be adapted alone or in addition to other pressure control parameters in the manner described above on the basis of the time profile of the pressure value.
Weiter bevorzugt ist die Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung so ausgebildet, dass ausgangsseitig der Druckerhöhungspumpe ein Rückschlagventil angeordnet ist. Ein solches Rückschlagventil ist vorteilhaft, um bei ausgeschalteter Druckerhöhungspumpe sicherzustellen, dass keine Rückströmung der Flüssigkeit auftritt und der Druck ausgangsseitig der Druckerhöhungspumpe, das heißt ausgangsseitig des Rückschlagventils gehalten wird. Ferner schließt dieses Rückschlagventil bei geringen Durchflüssen. In einem solchen Zustand hat eine Drehzahländerung der Druckerhöhungspumpe keinerlei Einfluss mehr auf den tatsächlichen Druck, welcher von dem Drucksensor stromabwärts des Rückschlagventiles gemessen wird. Der Drucksensor ist vorzugsweise stromabwärts des Rückschlagventiles angeordnet. Wenn die Drehzahländerung keinen Einfluss mehr auf den tatsächlichen Druck hat, folgt der tatsächliche Druck bei einer Verringerung des Drucksollwertes, welchen die Pumpe durch die Drehzahländerung einzustellen versucht, nicht mehr dem vorhergesagten Druckwert. Hieran kann ein geringer Durchfluss erkannt werden und es kann die Steuereinrichtung die Steuerung in den beschriebenen Start-Stopp-Betrieb schalten. In diesem Zustand erfolgt dann die beschriebene Anpassung des zumindest einen Druck-Steuer-Parameters.More preferably, the pressure increasing device is designed such that a check valve is arranged on the outlet side of the pressure increasing pump. Such a check valve is advantageous in order to ensure, when the pressure increasing pump is switched off, that the liquid does not flow back and that the pressure is maintained on the outlet side of the pressure increasing pump, that is to say on the outlet side of the check valve. This check valve also closes at low flow rates. In such a state, a change in the speed of the pressure booster pump no longer has any influence on the actual pressure, which is measured by the pressure sensor downstream of the check valve. The pressure sensor is preferably arranged downstream of the check valve. If the change in speed no longer has any influence on the actual pressure, the actual pressure no longer follows the predicted pressure value if the pressure setpoint, which the pump tries to set by changing the speed, is reduced. A low flow rate can be recognized from this and the control device can switch the controller to the start-stop mode described. The described adaptation of the at least one pressure control parameter then takes place in this state.
So ist vorzugsweise die Steuereinrichtung so ausgebildet, dass sie die Druckerhöhungspumpe in einem Betriebsbereich, in welchem ein geringer Durchfluss herrscht, in dem beschriebenen Start-Stopp-Betrieb steuert und in zumindest einem anderen Betriebsbereich, vorzugsweise einem Betriebsbereich mit größerem Durchfluss, die Druckerhöhungspumpe zum Erreichen einer gewünschten Druckerhöhung in ihrer Drehzahl regelt. Die Grenze für den Start-Stopp-Betrieb kann in bekannter Weise, beispielsweise in der aus
Bei hohem Durchfluss ist die Druckerhöhungspumpe vorzugsweise im Dauerbetrieb und der Druck wird durch Drehzahlregelung bzw. Drehzahlanpassung in gewünschter Weise eingestellt. Die Druckerhöhungspumpe ist vorzugsweise eine elektronisch geregelte Pumpe, insbesondere eine über einen Frequenzumrichter geregelte Pumpe, so dass die Drehzahl beliebig verändert werden kann.With a high flow rate, the pressure booster pump is preferably in continuous operation and the pressure is set in the desired manner by speed control or speed adjustment. The pressure increasing pump is preferably an electronically controlled pump, in particular a pump controlled via a frequency converter, so that the speed can be changed as required.
Wir vorangehend beschrieben, ist die Steuereinrichtung vorzugsweise so ausgebildet, dass sie den Bereich geringen Durchflusses erkennt. Dazu kann die Steuereinrichtung bevorzugt ein Durchflusserkennungsmodell aufweisen, welches ausgebildet ist, auf Grundlage zumindest eines von dem Drucksensor erfassten Druckwertes und auf Grundlage von Drehzahländerungen der Druckerhöhungspumpe den Betriebsbereich geringen Durchflusses zu erkennen. Der Drucksensor ist dabei vorzugsweise hinter einem Rückschlagventil angeordnet, wie es oben beschrieben ist. Das Durchflusserkennungsmodell kann den Bereich geringen Durchflusses daran erkennen, dass bei geschlossenem Rückschlagventil, was bei geringem Durchfluss auftritt, der gemessene Druckwert einer Veränderung des Solldruckes nicht mehr folgt. Das heißt die Grenze für den Bereich geringer Drehzahl, in welcher in den Start-Stopp-Betrieb geschaltet wird, hängt von der Funktion des Rückschlagventils und vorzugsweise von dessen Vorspannung ab.As described above, the control device is preferably designed such that it detects the area of low flow. For this purpose, the control device can preferably have a flow detection model which is designed to detect the low flow operating range on the basis of at least one pressure value detected by the pressure sensor and on the basis of changes in the speed of the pressure booster pump. The pressure sensor is preferably arranged behind a check valve, as described above. The flow detection model can recognize the area of low flow from the fact that when the check valve is closed, which occurs at low flow, the measured pressure value no longer follows a change in the setpoint pressure. The That is, the limit for the low speed range in which the start-stop mode is switched on depends on the function of the check valve and preferably on its bias.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung beispielhaft anhand der beigefügten Figuren beschrieben. In diesen zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- schematisch eine Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung,
- Fig. 2a und Fig. 2b
- schematisch den Druckverlauf im Start-Stopp-Betrieb einer Druckerhöhungseinrichtung bei geringem Durchfluss,
- Fig. 3
- schematisch die Regelung einer erfindungsgemäßen Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung,
- Fig. 4
- schematisch den Start-Stopp-Betrieb bei geringen Durchflüssen,
- Fig. 5
- schematisch die Parameteranpassung in einer erfindungsgemäßen Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung,
- Fig. 6
- eine Tabelle zur Ermittlung der Druckdifferenz zwischen den Druckgrenzwerten, und
- Fig. 7
- den Druckverlauf über der Zeit für vier verschiedene Betriebszustände.
- Fig. 1
- schematically a pressure increasing device according to the invention,
- Figures 2a and 2b
- schematically the pressure curve in the start-stop mode of a pressure booster with a low flow rate,
- Fig. 3
- schematically the regulation of a pressure increasing device according to the invention,
- Fig. 4
- schematically the start-stop operation at low flow rates,
- Fig. 5
- schematically the parameter adjustment in a pressure increasing device according to the invention,
- Fig. 6
- a table for determining the pressure difference between the pressure limit values, and
- Fig. 7
- the pressure curve over time for four different operating states.
Ferner ist eine Steuereinrichtung 12 vorhanden, welche die Druckerhöhungspumpe 2 steuert bzw. regelt. Die Druckerhöhungspumpe 2 wird dazu von der Steuereinrichtung 12 zum einen ein- und ausgeschaltet zum anderen aber auch in ihrer Drehzahl geregelt. Dazu kann die Druckerhöhungspumpe 2 über einen Drehzahlsteller, insbesondere einen Frequenzumrichter angesteuert werden. Die Steuereinrichtung 12 ist mit dem Drucksensor 8 signalverbunden, so dass sie die von dem Drucksensor 8 erfassten Druckwerte empfängt.There is also a
Es ist zu verstehen, dass statt einer einzelnen Druckerhöhungspumpe 2 auch mehrere parallel und/oder in Reihe geschaltete Druckerhöhungspumpen Verwendung finden könnten, welche von der Steuereinrichtung 12 gesteuert bzw. geregelt werden. Wenn hier eine Druckerhöhungspumpe 2 beschrieben wird, so ist zu verstehen, dass dies ausdrücklich auch eine Anordnung mehrerer Druckerhöhungspumpen 2 mit umfasst.It is to be understood that instead of a single
Im Betrieb der gezeigten Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung gibt es bevorzugt zwei Betriebszustände, nämlich einen Betriebszustand geringen Durchflusses und einen Betriebszustand hohen Durchflusses. Im Betriebszustand hohen Durchflusses läuft die Druckerhöhungspumpe 2 bevorzugt im Dauerbetrieb und wird über die Steuereinrichtung 12 in Abhängigkeit des an dem Drucksensor 8 erfassten Druckwertes in ihrer Drehzahl geregelt, um einen Solldruckwert zu erreichen bzw. einzuhalten.When the pressure increasing device shown is in operation, there are preferably two operating states, namely an operating state of low flow and an operating state of high flow. In the high flow operating state, the
In dem Betriebszustand geringen Durchflusses schließt das Rückschlagventil 4 und die Drehzahlregelung der Druckerhöhungspumpe 2 hat keinerlei Einfluss mehr auf eine Verringerung des Druckes in der Leitung 5. Insofern kann eine Druckregelung, wie sie vorangehend beschrieben wurde, nicht mehr durchgeführt werden. In diesem Betriebszustand schaltet die Druckerhöhungsvorrichtung in einen Start-Stopp-Betrieb, bei welchem die Druckerhöhungspumpe 2 eingeschaltet wird, wenn der Druck P in der Leitung 5 unter einen unteren Druckgrenzwert fällt, und die Druckerhöhungspumpe 2 ausgeschaltet wird, wenn der Druck P in der Leitung 5 einen oberen Druckgrenzwert erreicht. Dieses Ein- und Ausschalten der Druckerhöhungspumpe 2 wird von der Steuereinrichtung 12 bewerkstelligt.In the low flow operating state, the
In diesem Start-Stopp-Betrieb ist die Größe des Puffertankes 6 von erheblicher Bedeutung, da von dieser die auftretenden Druckschwankungen abhängen, wie anhand von
Die Anpassung und Regelung wird nun anhand von
Der Solldruck PS wird von einem Zustandssteuer- bzw. Zustandsregelmodul 24 berechnet bzw. ausgegeben. Dem Zustandsregelmodul 24 wird als Eingangsgröße ein vom Nutzer gewünschter Druck Pu zugeführt. Die Differenz zwischen dem oberen Druckgrenzwert P1 und dem unteren Druckgrenzwert P2 , d.h. eine Hystresespanne P1 - P2, wird in einem Parametermodul 28 bestimmt. Dies erfolgt auf Grundlage der in einem Vorhersagemodul 26 bestimmten Parameter a1 und b1.In dem Vorhersagemodul 26 kommt ein Vorhersagemodell zur Anwendung, welches im vorliegenden Beispiel ein autoregressives Modell erster Ordnung (ARX-model) ist. Dessen Parameter a1 und b1 werden in einem Vorhersagemodul 26 ermittelt. Dem Vorhersagemodul 26 werden als Eingangsgrößen der tatsächliche Druck P, die Drehzahl n sowie ein Zustandswert Z zugeführt, wobei der Zustandswert Z den Betriebsbereich, nämlich einen Betriebsbereich kleinen Durchflusses oder einen Betriebsbereich hohen Durchflusses repräsentiert, wobei in dem Betriebsbereich kleinen Durchflusses der Start-Stopp-Betrieb zur Anwendung kommt. Auf Grundlage zumindest eines der Parameter a1 und b1, welche im Rahmen einer Vorhersagefehler-Methode (prediction error system identification method) angepasst werden, erfolgt eine Anpassung der Regelung bzw. Steuerung an den Zustand des physikalischen Systems 14, indem in dem Parametermodul 28 der Druck-Steuer-Parameter in Form der Differenz P1 - P2 der Druckgrenzwerte P1 und P2 angepasst wird. Die Differenz der Druckgrenzwerte P1 und P2 ist ein Beispiel für einen anzupassenden Druck-Steuer-Parameter. Es können auch andere Druck-Steuer-Parameter in entsprechender Weise angepasst werden, beispielsweise Parameter, welche in die Druckregelung einfließen. Die tatsächlichen Druckgrenzwerte P1 und P2 werden von dem Zustandsregelmodul 24 basierend auf dem gewünschten Druck PU festgesetzt, so dass der gewünschte Druck PU vorzugsweise in der Mitte der Hysteresespanne P1 - P2 gelegen ist.The setpoint pressure P S is calculated or output by a state control or
Die Steuereinrichtung 12 und insbesondere deren Zustandsregelmodul 24 weisen insbesondere eine Betriebszustand-Erkennungsfunktion auf, um den Bereich kleinen Durchflusses, in welchem ein Start-Stopp-Betrieb stattfinden soll, zu ermitteln. Wie dies funktioniert, wird anhand von
In dem Vorhersagemodell, welches in dem Vorhersagemodull 24 zur Anwendung kommt, wird beispielsweise ein ARX-model erster Ordnung in der nachfolgenden Form verwendet:
In dieser Gleichung ist P der Druck, k die Proben- bzw. Zyklusnummer, n die Drehzahl und a1 und b1 stellen zwei Parameter dar. Die Parameter a1 und b1 können über einen Algorithmus, beispielsweise in der nachfolgend dargestellten Weise ermittelt werden:
Dabei stellt λ einen Schrittgrößenparameter dar und e den Vorhersagefehler. Die Funktionsweise des Vorhersagefehlermodells zur Anpassung des vorhergesagten Druckes Pp wird anhand von
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Vorhersagefehler-Methode auch dazu genutzt, zumindest einen Druck-Steuer-Parameter in dem Parametermodul 28 anzupassen. In diesem Beispiel ist der Druck-Steuer-Parameter die Differenz P1 - P2 der Druckgrenzwerte P1 und P2. Die Anpassung dieser Druckgrenzwerte erfolgt in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel auf Grundlage des Parameters b1. In der Steuereinrichtung 12, insbesondere in dem Parametermodul 28 ist eine Tabelle hinterlegt, welche für bestimmte Parameter b1 Druckdifferenzen zwischen den Druckgrenzwerten P1 und P2, d.h. Druck-Hysterese-Spannen, definiert. Alternativ könnten auch direkt Druckgrenzwerte P1 und P2 in der Tabelle hinterlegt sein, dazu wäre es aber zusätzlich erforderlich, dem Parametermodul 28 den gewünschten Druck Pu zuzuführen und diesen in der Tabelle zu berücksichtigen. Eine Tabelle, aus der sich die Druckdifferenz P1 - P2 ergeben, kann beispielsweise wie in
Die beschriebene Anpassung der Parameter a1 und b1 erfolgt bevorzugt zu Betriebspunkten bzw. in Betriebsbereichen der Druckerhöhungspumpe 2, in welchen ein stabiler Betriebszustand, das heißt insbesondere ein möglichst konstanter Durchfluss gegeben ist. Dies ist in dem Diagramm gemäß
- 22
- DruckerhöhungspumpeBooster pump
- 44th
- Rückschlagventilcheck valve
- 55
- Leitungmanagement
- 66th
- PuffertankBuffer tank
- 88th
- DrucksensorPressure sensor
- 1010
- VentilValve
- 1212
- SteuereinrichtungControl device
- 1414th
- physikalisches Systemphysical system
- 1616
- ÜbertragungsfunktionTransfer function
- 1818th
- nutzerabhängige Übertragungsfunktionuser-dependent transfer function
- 2020th
- DruckreglerPressure regulator
- 2222nd
- SubstrahiererSubtractor
- 2424
- ZustandsregelmodulState control module
- 2626th
- Vorhersagemodul, VorhersagesystemPrediction module, prediction system
- 2828
- ParametermodulParameter module
- PP
- Druckpressure
- Pu P u
- gewünschter Druckdesired pressure
- Pp P p
- vorhergesagter Druckpredicted pressure
- PS P S
- SolldruckTarget pressure
- P1, P1'P 1 , P 1 '
- oberer Druckgrenzwertupper pressure limit
- P2, P2'P 2 , P 2 '
- unterer Druckgrenzwertlower pressure limit
- P1 - P2, P1' - P2'P 1 - P 2 , P 1 '- P 2 '
- Druckdifferenz bzw. HysteresespannePressure difference or hysteresis range
- tt
- Zeittime
- TA T A
- AusschaltzeitpunktSwitch-off time
- TE T E
- EinschaltzeitpunktSwitch-on time
- a1, b1 a 1 , b 1
- Parameterparameter
- ZZ
- ZustandswertState value
- DurchflussFlow
Claims (15)
- A pressure boosting device for increasing the pressure of a fluid flowing through a conduit (5), with at least one booster pump (2), a control device (12) which controls the booster pump (2), as well as at least one pressure sensor (8) which is arranged at the exit side of the booster pump (2) and is connected to the control device, wherein the control device (12) is designed in a manner such that at least in one operating region it controls the booster pump in such a manner in a start-stop operation, that its switches off the booster pump (2) when reaching an upper pressure limit value and switches it on when reaching a lower pressure limit value), characterised in that
the control device (12) is designed in a manner such that in the start-stop operation, it automatically adapts at least one pressure control parameter (P1, P2) of the control device (12) on the basis of the temporal course of at least one pressure value (P) detected by the pressure sensor. - A pressure boosting device according to claim 1, characterised in that the at least one pressure control parameter (P1, P2) is the upper and/or lower pressure limit value or a pressure difference (P1 - P2) between the upper and lower pressure limit value.
- A pressure boosting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the control device (12) is designed in a manner such that the adaptation of the at least one pressure control parameter (P1, P2) is effected on the basis of the temporal course of the at least one detected pressure value (P) in such evaluation time periods, in which a constant flow (Q) in the conduit (5) is given.
- A pressure boosting device according to claim 3, characterised in that the control device (12) is designed in a manner such that it puts the evaluation time periods into those time periods, in which the booster pump (2) is switched-on with the start-stop operation.
- A pressure boosting device according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the control device (12) is designed in a manner such that it puts the evaluation time periods into time periods, in which a speed (n) of the booster pump (2) is increased or reduced by the control device.
- A pressure boosting device according to one of the claims 3 or 5, characterised in that the control device (12) is designed in a manner such that it monitors the pressure course (P) in the evaluation time periods and only carries out an adaptation of the at least one pressure control parameter (P1, P2) as long as the pressure course (P) follows a desired pressure course (Ps) within predefined limits.
- A pressure boosting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the control device (12) is designed in a manner such that it applies a prediction error system identification method for adapting the at least one pressure control parameter (P1, P2) .
- A pressure boosting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the control device (12) is designed in a manner such that the control device (12) comprises a prediction system (26) for predicting a pressure value (Pp) on the basis of a prediction model in dependence on the speed (n) of the booster pump (2), and that in the case of a deviation of the actually detected pressure value (P) from the predicted pressure value (Pp), the prediction system (26) adapts at least one parameter (a1, b1) in the prediction model on the basis of a predefined algorithm.
- A pressure boosting device according to claim 8, characterised in that the prediction model is an autoregressive model (ARX model), in particular an autoregressive model (ARX-model) of the first order.
- A pressure boosting device according to claim 8 or 9, characterised in that the control device (12) is designed in a manner such that the at least one pressure control parameter (P1, P2) is set in dependence on the at least one parameter (a1, b1) in the prediction model, in particular on the basis of a predefined algorithm or a table.
- A pressure boosting device according to claim 8 to 10, characterised in that the control device (12) comprises a pressure controller (20) which regulates the booster pump (2) to a pressure setpoint (Ps).
- A pressure boosting device according to claim 11, characterised in that the at least one pressure control parameter is a control parameter in the pressure regulator (20).
- A pressure boosting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a non-return valve (4) is arranged at the exit side of the booster pump (2).
- A pressure boosting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the control device (12) is designed in a manner such that it controls the booster pump (2) in the start-stop operation in an operational region, in which a low flow (Q) prevails, and closed-loop controls the booster pump (2) in its speed (n) for achieving a desired pressure increase, in at least one other operating region.
- A pressure boosting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the control device (12) comprises a flow recognition module which is designed to recognise the operating region of a low flow (Q) on the basis of at least one pressure value (P) detected by the pressure sensor (8) and on the basis of changes of a desired pressure (Ps) of the booster pump (2).
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP15190110.5A EP3156651B1 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2015-10-16 | Pressure increasing device |
US15/293,708 US11326591B2 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2016-10-14 | Pressure boosting device |
RU2016140465A RU2658719C2 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2016-10-14 | Pressure increasing device |
CN201610902881.5A CN106869249B (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2016-10-17 | Supercharging device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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EP15190110.5A EP3156651B1 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2015-10-16 | Pressure increasing device |
Publications (2)
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EP3156651A1 EP3156651A1 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
EP3156651B1 true EP3156651B1 (en) | 2021-01-20 |
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EP15190110.5A Active EP3156651B1 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2015-10-16 | Pressure increasing device |
Country Status (4)
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US (1) | US11326591B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3156651B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN106869249B (en) |
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US11933317B2 (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2024-03-19 | Geyser Technologies, Llc | Low-flow fluid delivery system and low-flow device therefor |
BE1026577B1 (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2020-03-30 | Atlas Copco Airpower Nv | Compressor or pump provided with a control for the control of a control parameter and method for the control applied |
CN110454370B (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2020-11-10 | 蘑菇物联技术(深圳)有限公司 | Method for dynamically optimizing joint control pressure band of air compression station |
DE102019213530A1 (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2021-03-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for operating a water distribution system |
DE102020105670A1 (en) | 2020-03-03 | 2021-09-09 | KSB SE & Co. KGaA | Pressure booster system for increasing the supply pressure in the water supply to at least one extraction point or a hydraulic consumer |
US20220155117A1 (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2022-05-19 | Sensia Llc | System and method for quantitative verification of flow measurements |
CN115030904A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-09 | 朱志海 | Pressure control type circulating booster pump |
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DE3824293A1 (en) | 1988-07-18 | 1990-01-25 | Loewe Pumpenfabrik Gmbh | Method for adjusting desired values in regulated pump systems |
JP3414881B2 (en) * | 1995-04-17 | 2003-06-09 | 株式会社川本製作所 | Water supply device |
US5883489A (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 1999-03-16 | General Electric Company | High speed deep well pump for residential use |
JP3995227B2 (en) * | 1999-01-21 | 2007-10-24 | 株式会社スギノマシン | Liquid pressurizer |
US6701223B1 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2004-03-02 | Advantica, Inc. | Method and apparatus for determining optimal control settings of a pipeline |
CN101509268A (en) | 2009-03-14 | 2009-08-19 | 李锦洪 | Water storage apparatus |
US8564233B2 (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2013-10-22 | Sta-Rite Industries, Llc | Safety system and method for pump and motor |
SG188534A1 (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2013-04-30 | Amitsur Preis | System and method for water distribution modelling |
JP5775762B2 (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2015-09-09 | 株式会社日立産機システム | Cold / hot water circulation water pump system |
EP2778296B1 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2018-04-25 | Grundfos Holding A/S | Pump system |
CN203514400U (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2014-04-02 | 北京同力华盛环保科技有限公司 | Constant-pressure variable frequency water supply control system |
RU2551139C1 (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-05-20 | Государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Альметьевский государственный нефтяной институт" | Pump station electric drive automatic control method |
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US20170107702A1 (en) | 2017-04-20 |
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CN106869249A (en) | 2017-06-20 |
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