EP0151805B1 - Apparatus for electrically regulating the idle speed of a combustion engine - Google Patents

Apparatus for electrically regulating the idle speed of a combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0151805B1
EP0151805B1 EP84116363A EP84116363A EP0151805B1 EP 0151805 B1 EP0151805 B1 EP 0151805B1 EP 84116363 A EP84116363 A EP 84116363A EP 84116363 A EP84116363 A EP 84116363A EP 0151805 B1 EP0151805 B1 EP 0151805B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
idle
adjusting current
adjusting
true
transducer
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Expired
Application number
EP84116363A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0151805A3 (en
EP0151805A2 (en
Inventor
Harald Collonia
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Mannesmann VDO AG
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Mannesmann VDO AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D31/00—Use of speed-sensing governors to control combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D31/001—Electric control of rotation speed
    • F02D31/002—Electric control of rotation speed controlling air supply
    • F02D31/003—Electric control of rotation speed controlling air supply for idle speed control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D11/00—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated
    • F02D11/06—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance
    • F02D11/10—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance of the electric type
    • F02D2011/101—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance of the electric type characterised by the means for actuating the throttles
    • F02D2011/102—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance of the electric type characterised by the means for actuating the throttles at least one throttle being moved only by an electric actuator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2048—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit said control involving a limitation, e.g. applying current or voltage limits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2058—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using information of the actual current value

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for electrical idle control of internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the minimum air flow rate through a so-called first adjustment point of an actuator in the bypass to the throttle valve has been adjusted depending on the engine type. This was done, for example, by adjustment using an adjusting screw on the actuator. This process was time consuming.
  • Another possibility of specifying the minimum air flow rate was that the actuators were adjusted prior to installation by statistical recording of the minimum air flow rates required for a motor type. However, this adjustment increased the manufacturing outlay for the device for electrical idle control. Apart from this, a future change in the required minimum air flow rate could not be taken into account in both adjustment methods.
  • the minimum air throughput was carried out in particular by an electrical adjusting element on the speed controller or a downstream voltage current transformer.
  • the actuating current supplying an actuator could therefore not exceed the preset value. It is assumed, for example, that the maximum or minimum value of the actuating current sets the minimum air throughput with the actuator.
  • an electrical idle control device in which the actuating current must not exceed a constant upper value. Furthermore, from GB-A-20 85 619 an electrical idle control device is known, in which a limitation of the maximum actuating current or the minimum by-pass air quantity is described as a fixed function of the speed and temperature.
  • the present invention has for its object to develop a device for electrical idle control of the type mentioned so that the required minimum air flow is guaranteed without time-consuming and costly adjustment processes in the manufacture of the device for idle control and / or the vehicle, and even later changing operating conditions of the internal combustion engine.
  • the minimum air throughput is automatically adjusted when the internal combustion engine is idling and is checked and, if necessary, corrected in each subsequent idling state.
  • the modulation limiter device which is connected to the speed controller to influence its modulation limit, is connected.
  • the control limiter device a comparison is made of the idle actuating current which is stationary in the idling state at the controller output with a limiting signal formed by the actuation limiter device, a target distance or safety distance from the stationary idling actuating current and the actuation limit being taken into account. This enables the controller to deliver a slightly smaller actuating current than the stationary idling actuating current if necessary.
  • the device like the usual idle controller, is designed with electrical means, which are preferably arranged according to claim 2.
  • electrical means which are preferably arranged according to claim 2.
  • the automatically adjustable, storing limit signal generator which is automatically adjusted depending on the actuating current occurring in the idle state and taking into account the setpoint distance between the idling actuating current and the maximum actuating current such that it acts on the speed limiter in the sense of the specification of the maximum actuating current on the speed controller.
  • the limit signal generator thus stores an automatically set size of the limit signal.
  • the size of the limit signal is automatically controlled depending on the existing conditions in terms of an increase or a decrease.
  • the automatically adjustable limit signal generator is only automatically adjusted in a so-called real idle state depending on the actuating current reached in this state.
  • a discriminator is therefore provided according to claim 4, which is particularly advantageously set up according to claim 5 and with greater accuracy according to claim 6 for realizing a switching function that detects the real idle state.
  • the minimum air flow rate that can be achieved in the worst case is adjusted with great accuracy depending on the amount of air actually required during idling. Falsifications of the minimum air throughput by an insufficiently warm internal combustion engine or by switched on additional units of the air conditioning compressor are avoided.
  • the setting of the minimum air flow rate is not affected if the accelerator pedal is not actuated - which would correspond to the normal idling case - but the combustion engine is relieved or driven by the rolling vehicle.
  • slight throttle valve changes by the driver, in particular when maneuvering, are recognized, so that the influence of an arbitrary throttle valve change on the minimum air throughput is also eliminated.
  • the advantageous target distance between the modulation limit of the speed controller and the idle control current is advantageously introduced according to claim 6.
  • the fixed value transmitter in the signal flow direction before the further comparison point ensures that the limit signal transmitter is automatically set to a value which is lower by the fixed value than the idle current, which is also fed into the further comparator.
  • the modulation limiter itself which practically represents an actuator acting on the speed controller for changing its modulation limit, is expediently designed according to claim 7 as a control amplifier with PID time behavior in order to achieve a rapid but stable change in the modulation limit.
  • 1 denotes a speed-voltage converter, which converts the speed of an internal combustion engine, not shown, into a proportional voltage.
  • a reference junction 2 follows the speed-voltage converter in the signal flow direction.
  • the comparison point forms a control deviation signal on a line 4 from the actual speed signal, which is emitted by the speed voltage converter 1, and a set speed signal, which is defined by a speed setpoint generator 3.
  • the idle speed control deviation signal is converted into a speed controller via line 4 5 fed with PID behavior.
  • An output variable of the speed controller is converted via a voltage / current converter 6 into a control current corresponding to the idle speed control deviation signal, which is fed into an actuator 7.
  • the actuator 7 is located in a side path to a throttle valve of an internal combustion engine.
  • FIG. 2 A typical characteristic curve of the actuator 7 is shown in FIG. 2, namely the characteristic curve shows the dependence of the air flow through the actuator Q as a function of the actuating current in the actuator 7. It can be seen from FIG. that a minimum value of the idle control current results in the largest value of the air flow rate Q, while larger control currents control smaller air flow rates Q according to a linear characteristic.
  • Figure 2 shows that the modulation limit of the control amplifier is set so that the maximum value of the control current is 500 mA, for example, greater than the associated control current with real idling, which is, for example, 470 mA. The distance A between these two control currents is the so-called target or safety distance.
  • a device for influencing the modulation limit of the speed controller acts on it via a line 8.
  • a signal that can be set automatically is fed into a modulation limiter 11 via a comparator 10 via a comparison point 10.
  • the modulation limiter is designed as a PID control amplifier and feeds a limit signal into line 8.
  • the comparison point 10 is supplied with a signal corresponding to the actuating current via a line 13.
  • the further comparison point 12 receives an additive fixed value signal from a fixed value transmitter 14, which generates the target distance between the control limit and the actuating current with real idling.
  • a comparison signal at the output of the comparison point 12, which originates from the magnitude of the signal from the limit signal generator 9 which is increased by the fixed value of the fixed value transmitter 14, is fed into a discriminator 15 to detect whether the signal in the limit signal transmitter corresponds to the signal of the actuating current on line 13 9 stored size to be increased or decreased: lines 16, 17.
  • the limit signal transmitter is symbolized as an adjustable resistance, which can form a voltage signal corresponding to an electromotive adjustment of the grinder.
  • An electric motor - not shown - corresponds to signals on one of the lines 16, 17 driven one of its two possible directions of rotation.
  • a signal is formed in the further comparison point 12 from the current actuating current signal and the previously stored value (size) in the limit signal transmitter plus the setpoint distance - fixed value transmitter 14 9 stored size changed in the sense that the signal emitted corresponds to the signal of the idle control current reduced by the target distance.
  • the final limit signal for influencing the modulation limit of the speed controller 5 is derived from this signal.
  • FIG. 3 shows how, at time t o, the actuator opening assumed a certain amount in order to keep the idling speed of an internal combustion engine at a value predetermined by the target idling speed. Shortly thereafter, the actuator is opened even further by switching on the additional unit.
  • the actuator opening falls back to a value that already corresponds to the real idling mode.
  • the discriminator 19 recognizes the real idling mode only after a predetermined period of time, after which it can be certain that the accelerator pedal has not been arbitrarily adjusted by the driver.
  • the old control limit corresponding to the distance B at time t 2 was initially too large, so that the modulation limitation device must now automatically raise the control limit to the value A.
  • the target distance can also be lowered in the opposite direction if z. B.
  • the self-adjustment can thus - controlled by the discriminator 15 - in both directions.
  • the device for electrical idle control is practically always optimally set.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zur elektrischen Leerlaufregelung von Verbrennungsmotoren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for electrical idle control of internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei derartigen Einrichtungen, wie sie aus der EP-A 98 909 bekannt sind, muß gewährleistet sein, daß dem Verbrennungsmotor in jedem Fall ein Mindestluftdurchsatz zugeführt wird, damit eine befriedigende Regelstabilität und ein sicheres Abfangverhalten bei sogenanntem Sturzgas erzielt wird. Der Mindestluftdurchsatz hängt von dem Typ des jeweils zu regelnden Verbrennungsmotors ab, sowie von zeitlich veränderbaren Größen, wie einer Verschmutzung des Drosselklappenbereichs und des Stellglieds in einem Nebenweg (By-pass) zu der Drosselklappe, einer Veränderung des Reibwiderstands des Motors. Weiter wirken beispielsweise Änderungen von Lufttemperatur und Luftdruck auf den benötigten Mindestluftdurchsatz ein. Wird der Mindestluftdurchsatz auch im ungünstigsten Fall nicht erreicht, so besteht die Gefahr, daß bei Sturzgas, d. h. bei plötzlicher Zurücknahme der Fahrpedalstellung aufgrund seiner Trägheit der Verbrennungsmotor abstirbt und es zu einem Abfallen der Verbrennungsmotordrehzahl unter einen unteren Grenzwert kommt.In such devices, as they are known from EP-A 98 909, it must be ensured that a minimum air throughput is supplied to the internal combustion engine in any case, so that satisfactory control stability and safe interception behavior is achieved in the case of so-called fall gas. The minimum air flow rate depends on the type of internal combustion engine to be controlled, as well as on variables that can be changed over time, such as contamination of the throttle valve area and the actuator in a by-pass to the throttle valve, and a change in the frictional resistance of the engine. Furthermore, changes in air temperature and air pressure, for example, affect the required minimum air flow. If the minimum air flow rate is not reached even in the worst case, there is a risk that in the case of fall gas, ie. H. if the accelerator pedal position is suddenly withdrawn due to its inertia, the internal combustion engine dies and the internal combustion engine speed drops below a lower limit value.

Man hat bisher den Mindestluftdurchsatz durch einen sogenannten ersten Justierpunkt eines Stellglieds in dem Nebenweg zu der Drosselklappe motortypabhängig justiert. Dies erfolgte beispielsweise durch Justage über eine Einstellschraube an dem Stellglied. Dieser Vorgang war zeitintensiv. Eine andere Möglichkeit der Vorgabe des Mindestluftdurchsatzes bestand darin, daß durch statistische Erfassung der benötigten Mindestluftdurchsätze für einen Motortyp die Stellglider bereits vor dem Einbau justiert wurden. Diese Justierung erhöhte aber den Herstellaufwand der Einrichtung zur elektrischen Leerlaufregelung. Abgesehen davon konnte bei beiden Justageverfahren eine zukünftige Änderung des benötigten Mindestluftdurchsatzes grundsätzlich nicht berücksichtigt werden.So far, the minimum air flow rate through a so-called first adjustment point of an actuator in the bypass to the throttle valve has been adjusted depending on the engine type. This was done, for example, by adjustment using an adjusting screw on the actuator. This process was time consuming. Another possibility of specifying the minimum air flow rate was that the actuators were adjusted prior to installation by statistical recording of the minimum air flow rates required for a motor type. However, this adjustment increased the manufacturing outlay for the device for electrical idle control. Apart from this, a future change in the required minimum air flow rate could not be taken into account in both adjustment methods.

Bei der letztgenannten Justagemethode wurde der Mindestluftdurchsatz insbesondere durch ein elektrisches Stellelement an dem Drehzahlregler, bzw. einem nachgeschalteten Spannungsstromwandler durchgeführt. Damit konnte der ein Stellglied speisende Stellstrom den voreingestellten Wert nicht überschreiten. Dabei wird beispielsweise davon ausgegangen, daß der Größtwert bzw. Kleinstwert des Stellstroms den Mindestluftdurchsatz mit dem Stellglied einstellt.In the latter adjustment method, the minimum air throughput was carried out in particular by an electrical adjusting element on the speed controller or a downstream voltage current transformer. The actuating current supplying an actuator could therefore not exceed the preset value. It is assumed, for example, that the maximum or minimum value of the actuating current sets the minimum air throughput with the actuator.

Aus der GB-A-20 51 423 ist eine elektrische Leerlaufregeleinrichtung bekannt, bei der der Stellstrom einen konstanten oberen Wert nicht überschreiten darf. Weiterhin ist aus der GB-A-20 85 619 eine elekstrische Leerlaufregeleinrichtung bekannt, bei der eine Begrenzung des maximalen Stellstroms, bzw. der minimalen By-pass-Luftmenge als eine fest vorgegebene Funktion von der Drehzahl und der Temperatur beschrieben ist.From GB-A-20 51 423 an electrical idle control device is known in which the actuating current must not exceed a constant upper value. Furthermore, from GB-A-20 85 619 an electrical idle control device is known, in which a limitation of the maximum actuating current or the minimum by-pass air quantity is described as a fixed function of the speed and temperature.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Einrichtung zur elektrischen Leerlaufregelung der eingangs genannten Gattung so weiterzubilden, daß der erforderliche Mindestluftdurchsatz ohne zeitraubende und kostenintensive Justagevorgänge bei der Herstellung der Einrichtung zur Leerlaufregelung und/oder des Fahrzeugs gewährleistet ist, und zwar auch bei späteren sich ändernden Betriebsbedingungen des Verbrennungsmotors.The present invention has for its object to develop a device for electrical idle control of the type mentioned so that the required minimum air flow is guaranteed without time-consuming and costly adjustment processes in the manufacture of the device for idle control and / or the vehicle, and even later changing operating conditions of the internal combustion engine.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 angegebene Erfindung gelöst.This object is achieved by the invention specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Prinzip wird der Mindestluftdurchsatz selbsttätig im Leerlaufbetrieb des Verbrennungsmotors einreguliert und bei jedem anschließenden Leerlaufzustand überprüft und notwendigenfalls korrigiert. Hierzu dient die Aussteuerbegrenzereinrichtung, die auf den Drehzahlregler zur Beeinflussung dessen Aussteuergrenze in Verbindung steht. In der Ansteuerbegrenzereinrichtung wird ein Vergleich des im Leerlaufzustand sich stationär einstellenden Leerlaufstellstroms an dem Reglerausgang mit einem durch die Aussteuerbegrenzereinrichtung gebildeten Begrenzungssignal durchgeführt, wobei ein Sollabstand oder Sicherheitsabstand zu dem stationären Leerlaufstellstrom und der Aussteuergrenze berücksichtigt wird. Damit kann der Regler notwendigenfalls einen etwas kleineren Stellstrom als den stationären Leerlaufstellstrom abgeben.According to the principle according to the invention, the minimum air throughput is automatically adjusted when the internal combustion engine is idling and is checked and, if necessary, corrected in each subsequent idling state. For this purpose, the modulation limiter device, which is connected to the speed controller to influence its modulation limit, is connected. In the control limiter device, a comparison is made of the idle actuating current which is stationary in the idling state at the controller output with a limiting signal formed by the actuation limiter device, a target distance or safety distance from the stationary idling actuating current and the actuation limit being taken into account. This enables the controller to deliver a slightly smaller actuating current than the stationary idling actuating current if necessary.

Die Vorteile dieser Einrichtung bestehen also im wesentlichen darin, daß der Mindestluftdurchsatz, der durch den Steller ermöglicht wird, auf den motortypmäßig und nach den weiteren Betriebsparametern tatsächlich erforderlichen Wert ohne umständliche und zeitraubende Justiervorgänge einreguliert und aktualisiert wird. Damit ist es jetzt auch möglich, standardisierte Einrichtungen zur elektrischen Leerlaufreglungen für eine Vielzahl von Motortypen ohne typbezogene Einstell- und Justagevorgänge herzustellen. Die Herstellung und Lagerhaltung wird dadurch erheblich rationalisiert.The advantages of this device essentially consist in the fact that the minimum air throughput, which is made possible by the actuator, is adjusted and updated to the value actually required by the engine type and according to the other operating parameters without cumbersome and time-consuming adjustment processes. It is now also possible to produce standardized devices for electrical idle control for a large number of engine types without type-related adjustment and adjustment processes. This considerably streamlines production and warehousing.

Besonders zweckmäßig ist die Einrichtung ebenso wie der übliche Leerlaufregler mit elektrischen Mitteln ausgebildet, die vorzugsweise nach Anspruch 2 angeordnet sind. Wesentlich ist dabei der selbsttätig einstellbare speichernde Begrenzungssignalgeber, der abhängig von dem im Leerlaufzustand auftretenden Stellstrom und unter Berücksichtigung des Sollabstands zwischen Leerlaufstellstrom und maximalem Stellstrom selbsttätig so einreguliert wird, daß er über den Aussteuerbegrenzer im Sinne der Vorgabe des maximalen Stellstroms auf den Drehzahlregler einwirkt. Der Begrenzungssignalgeber speichert also eine selbsttätig eingestellte Größe des Begrenzungssignals.Particularly expediently, the device, like the usual idle controller, is designed with electrical means, which are preferably arranged according to claim 2. What is essential here is the automatically adjustable, storing limit signal generator, which is automatically adjusted depending on the actuating current occurring in the idle state and taking into account the setpoint distance between the idling actuating current and the maximum actuating current such that it acts on the speed limiter in the sense of the specification of the maximum actuating current on the speed controller. The limit signal generator thus stores an automatically set size of the limit signal.

Durch die in Anspruch 3 angegebenen Mittel wird die Größe des Begrenzungssignals selbsttätig je nach vorliegenden Bedingungen im Sinne einer Erhöhung oder einer Erniedrigung gesteuert.By the means specified in claim 3 the size of the limit signal is automatically controlled depending on the existing conditions in terms of an increase or a decrease.

Wesentlich ist, daß der selbsttätig einstellbare Begrenzungssignalgeber nur in einem sogenannten echten Leerlaufzustand in Abhängigkeit von dem in diesem Zustand erreichten Stellstrom automatisch justiert wird. Zur Erkennung des echten Leerlaufzustands ist daher nach Anspruch 4 ein Diskriminator vorgesehen, der besonders vorteilhaft nach Anspruch 5 und mit größerer Genauigkeit nach Anspruch 6 zur Realisierung einer Schaltfunktion eingerichtet ist, die den echten Leerlaufzustand erkennt.It is essential that the automatically adjustable limit signal generator is only automatically adjusted in a so-called real idle state depending on the actuating current reached in this state. To detect the real idle state, a discriminator is therefore provided according to claim 4, which is particularly advantageously set up according to claim 5 and with greater accuracy according to claim 6 for realizing a switching function that detects the real idle state.

Damit wird mit großer Genauigkeit der im ungünstigsten Betriebsfalle zu erreichende Mindestluftdurchsatz in Abhängigkeit von der tatsächlich im Leerlauf notwendigen Luftmenge eingestellt. Es werden Verfälschungen des Mindestluftdurchsatzes durch einen noch nicht ausreichend warmen Verbrennungsmotor oder durch eingeschaltete Zusatzaggregate Klimaanlagenkompressor - vermieden. Darüber hinaus wird nicht auf die Einstellung der Mindestluftdurchsatzmenge eingewirkt, wenn zwar das Fahrpedal nicht betätigt wird - was dem normalen Leerlauffall entsprechen würde - aber der Verbrennungsmotor durch das rollende Fahrzeug entlastet oder angetrieben wird. Weiterhin werden auch geringfügige Drosselklappenveränderungen durch den Fahrer, insbesondere beim Rangieren, erkannt, so daß der Einfluß einer willkürlichen Drosselklappenveränderung auf den Mindestluftdurchsatz ebenfalls beseitigt ist.The minimum air flow rate that can be achieved in the worst case is adjusted with great accuracy depending on the amount of air actually required during idling. Falsifications of the minimum air throughput by an insufficiently warm internal combustion engine or by switched on additional units of the air conditioning compressor are avoided. In addition, the setting of the minimum air flow rate is not affected if the accelerator pedal is not actuated - which would correspond to the normal idling case - but the combustion engine is relieved or driven by the rolling vehicle. Furthermore, slight throttle valve changes by the driver, in particular when maneuvering, are recognized, so that the influence of an arbitrary throttle valve change on the minimum air throughput is also eliminated.

Der, wie oben schon teilweise erörtert, vorteilhafte Sollabstand zwischen der Aussteuergrenze des Drehzahlreglers zu dem Leerlaufstellstrom wird vorteilhaft nach Anspruch 6 eingeführt. Der Festwertgeber in Signalflußrichtung vor der weiteren Vergleichsstelle sorgt dafür, daß der Begrenzungssignalgeber auf eine Größe selbsttätig eingestellt wird, die um den Festwert niedriger als der Leerlaufstellstrom ist, der ebenfalls in den weiteren Vergleicher eingespeist wird.The advantageous target distance between the modulation limit of the speed controller and the idle control current, as already partially discussed above, is advantageously introduced according to claim 6. The fixed value transmitter in the signal flow direction before the further comparison point ensures that the limit signal transmitter is automatically set to a value which is lower by the fixed value than the idle current, which is also fed into the further comparator.

Der Aussteuerbegrenzer selbst, der praktisch ein auf den Drehzahlregler zur Veränderung dessen Aussteuergrenze einwirkendes Stellglied darstellt, ist zweckmäßig nach Anspruch 7 als Regelverstärker mit PID-Zeitverhalten ausgeführt, um eine rasche, aber stabile Änderung der Aussteuergrenze zu erzielen.The modulation limiter itself, which practically represents an actuator acting on the speed controller for changing its modulation limit, is expediently designed according to claim 7 as a control amplifier with PID time behavior in order to achieve a rapid but stable change in the modulation limit.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand einer Zeichnung mit drei Figuren erläutert. Es zeigt :

  • Fig. 1 ein Blockschaltbild der Einrichtung,
  • Fig. 2 eine Reglerkennlinie, und
  • Fig. 3 den zeitlichen Verlauf eines typischen Stellstroms.
The invention is explained below with reference to a drawing with three figures. It shows :
  • 1 is a block diagram of the device,
  • Fig. 2 is a controller characteristic, and
  • Fig. 3 shows the time course of a typical control current.

In Figur 1 ist mit 1 ein Drehzahl-Spannungswandler bezeichnet, der die Drehzahl eines nicht dargestellten Verbrennungsmotors in eine proportionale Spannung umsetzt. In Signalflußrichtung schließt sich an den Drehzahlspannungswandler eine Vergleichsstelle 2 an. Die Vergleichsstelle bildet aus dem Ist-Drehzahlsignal, das von dem Drehzahlspannungswandler 1 abgegeben wird, und einem Soll-Drehzahlsignal, welches von einem Drehzahl-Sollwertgeber 3 definiert wird, ein Regelabweichungssignal auf einer Leitung 4. Über die Leitung 4 wird das Leerlaufdrehzahlregelabweichungssignal in einen Drehzahlregler 5 mit PID-Verhalten eingespeist. Eine Ausgangsgröße des Drehzahlreglers wird über einen Spannungs-/Stromwandler 6 in einen dem Leerlaufdrehzahlregelabweichungssignal entsprechenden Stellstrom umgewandelt, der in ein Stellglied 7 eingespeist wird. Das Stellglied 7 liegt in einem Nebenweg zu einer Drosselklappe eines Verbrennungsmotors.In Figure 1, 1 denotes a speed-voltage converter, which converts the speed of an internal combustion engine, not shown, into a proportional voltage. A reference junction 2 follows the speed-voltage converter in the signal flow direction. The comparison point forms a control deviation signal on a line 4 from the actual speed signal, which is emitted by the speed voltage converter 1, and a set speed signal, which is defined by a speed setpoint generator 3. The idle speed control deviation signal is converted into a speed controller via line 4 5 fed with PID behavior. An output variable of the speed controller is converted via a voltage / current converter 6 into a control current corresponding to the idle speed control deviation signal, which is fed into an actuator 7. The actuator 7 is located in a side path to a throttle valve of an internal combustion engine.

In Figur 2 ist eine übliche Kennlinie des Stellglieds 7 dargestellt, und zwar gibt die Kennlinie die Abhängigkeit des Luftdurchsatzes durch das Stellglied Q in Abhängigkeit von dem Stellstrom in dem Stellglied 7. Es ist aus Figur 2 ersichtlich. daß ein Kleinstwert des Leerlaufstellstroms den Größtwert des Luftdurchsatzes Q zur Folge hat, während größere Stellströme entsprechend einer lineare Kennlinie kleinere Luftdurchsätze Q steuern. Darüber hinaus zeigt Figur 2, daß die Aussteuergrenze des Regelverstärkers so eingestellt ist, daß der Größtwert des Stellstroms beispielsweise mit 500 mA größer ist als der zugehörige Stellstrom bei echtem Leerlauf, der beispielsweise 470 mA beträgt. Der Abstand A zwischen diesen beiden Stellströmen ist der sogenannte Soll- oder Sicherheitsabstand.A typical characteristic curve of the actuator 7 is shown in FIG. 2, namely the characteristic curve shows the dependence of the air flow through the actuator Q as a function of the actuating current in the actuator 7. It can be seen from FIG. that a minimum value of the idle control current results in the largest value of the air flow rate Q, while larger control currents control smaller air flow rates Q according to a linear characteristic. In addition, Figure 2 shows that the modulation limit of the control amplifier is set so that the maximum value of the control current is 500 mA, for example, greater than the associated control current with real idling, which is, for example, 470 mA. The distance A between these two control currents is the so-called target or safety distance.

Eine Einrichtung zur Beeinflussung der Aussteuergrenze des Drehzahlreglers wirkt auf diesen über eine Leitung 8 ein.A device for influencing the modulation limit of the speed controller acts on it via a line 8.

Hierzu wird von einem selbsttätig einstellbaren speichernden Begrenzungssignalgeber 9 ein Signal über eine Vergleichsstelle 10 in einen Aussteuerbegrenzer 11 eingespeist. Der Aussteuerbegrenzer ist als PID-Regelverstärker ausgebildet und speist ein Begrenzungssignal in die Leitung 8 ein.For this purpose, a signal that can be set automatically is fed into a modulation limiter 11 via a comparator 10 via a comparison point 10. The modulation limiter is designed as a PID control amplifier and feeds a limit signal into line 8.

Die Vergleichsstelle 10 wird ebenso wie eine weitere Vergleichsstelle 12 über eine Leitung 13 mit einem Signal entsprechend dem Stellstrom beaufschlagt. Außerdem erhält die weitere Vergleichsstelle 12 ein additives Festwertsignal von einem Festwertgeber 14, der den Sollabstand zwischen der Aussteuergrenze und dem Stellstrofm bei echtem Leerlauf erzeugt. Ein Vergleichssignal am Ausgang der Vergleichsstelle 12, welches aus der um den Festwert des Festwertgebers 14 erhöhten Größe des Signals von dem Begrenzungssignalgeber 9 herrührt, wird in einem Diskriminator 15 zur Erkennung eingespeist, ob entsprechend dem Signal des Stellstroms auf der Leitung 13 die in dem Begrenzungssignalgeber 9 eingespeicherte Größe zu erhöhen oder zu vermindern ist : Leitungen 16, 17.Like a further comparison point 12, the comparison point 10 is supplied with a signal corresponding to the actuating current via a line 13. In addition, the further comparison point 12 receives an additive fixed value signal from a fixed value transmitter 14, which generates the target distance between the control limit and the actuating current with real idling. A comparison signal at the output of the comparison point 12, which originates from the magnitude of the signal from the limit signal generator 9 which is increased by the fixed value of the fixed value transmitter 14, is fed into a discriminator 15 to detect whether the signal in the limit signal transmitter corresponds to the signal of the actuating current on line 13 9 stored size to be increased or decreased: lines 16, 17.

Der Begrenzungssignalgeber ist als einstellbarer Widerstand symbolisiert, der ein Spannungssignal entsprechend einer elektromotorischen Verstellung des Schleifers bilden kann. Ein Elektromotor - nicht dargestellt - wird dabei durch Signale auf einer der Leitungen 16, 17 entsprechend einer seiner beiden möglichen Drehrichtungen angetrieben.The limit signal transmitter is symbolized as an adjustable resistance, which can form a voltage signal corresponding to an electromotive adjustment of the grinder. An electric motor - not shown - corresponds to signals on one of the lines 16, 17 driven one of its two possible directions of rotation.

Eine selbsttätige Veränderung des speichernden Begrenzungssignalgebers erfolgt jedoch nur, wenn ein Schalter 18 geschlossen ist. Dieser Schalter wirde nur dann geschlossen, wenn ein echter Leerlaufbetriebsfall vorliegt, der durch einen Diskriminator 19 erkannt wird. Hierzu umfaßt der Diskriminator 19 Netzwerke, die mit Signalen entsprechend der Drosselklappenstellung DK, entsprechend der Motorwärme MT, entsprechend einer Stellstromänderung innerhalb einer vorbestimmten Zeit T, entsprechend der Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit V, und entsprechend der Einschaltung eines Zusatzaggregats KK beaufschlagt wird. Der Diskriminator bildet eine Schaltfunktion zur Erkennung des echten Leerlaufzustandes LL :

Figure imgb0001
worin ist:

  • LL echter Leerlaufzustand
  • V Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit Null
  • T Innerhalb einer vorbestimmten Zeit keine Stellstromänderungen (Stellgrößenänderungen)
  • DK Drosselklappe geschlossen
  • KK Klimakompressor aus
  • MT Motor warm
An automatic change in the storing limit signal transmitter, however, only takes place when a switch 18 is closed. This switch is only closed when there is a real idle operating case, which is recognized by a discriminator 19. For this purpose, the discriminator 19 networks, which are acted upon with signals corresponding to the throttle valve position DK, corresponding to the engine heat MT, corresponding to a change in the actuating current within a predetermined time T, corresponding to the vehicle speed V, and corresponding to the activation of an additional unit KK. The discriminator forms a switching function for recognizing the real idle state LL:
Figure imgb0001
 where is:
  • LL real idle state
  • V Vehicle speed zero
  • T No changes in the actuating current (manipulated variable changes) within a predetermined time
  • DK throttle valve closed
  • KK air conditioning compressor off
  • MT engine warm

Wenn ein echter Leerlaufzustand erkannt wird entsprechend der Bedingung LL = 1, wird aus dem aktuellen Stellstromsignal und dem bisher gespeicherten Wert (Größe) in dem Begrenzungssignalgeber zuzüglich des Sollabstands - Festwertgeber 14 - in der weiteren Vergleichsstelle 12 ein Signal gebildet, welches die in dem Begrenzungssignalgeber 9 gespeicherte Größe in dem Sinn verändert, daß das abgegebene Signal dem Signal des Leerlaufstellstroms vermdindert um den Sollabstand entspricht. Aus diesem Signal wird, wie oben weiter erläutert, das endgültige Begrenzungssignal zur Beeinflussung der Aussteuergrenze des Drehzahlreglers 5 abgeleitet.If a real idle state is recognized in accordance with the condition LL = 1, a signal is formed in the further comparison point 12 from the current actuating current signal and the previously stored value (size) in the limit signal transmitter plus the setpoint distance - fixed value transmitter 14 9 stored size changed in the sense that the signal emitted corresponds to the signal of the idle control current reduced by the target distance. As explained further above, the final limit signal for influencing the modulation limit of the speed controller 5 is derived from this signal.

In Figur 3 ist auf der waagrechten Achse der Zeitablauf und auf der senkrechten Achse der Stellstrom bzw. die Stellgliedöffnung im Nebenweg dargestellt. Eine Stellgliedöffnung von 100 % entspricht dabei einem Stellstrom von 0 mA. Mit der ausgezogenen Linie ist der zeitliche Verlauf des Stellstroms und der inverse Verlauf der Steilgliedöffnung markiert, während die unterbrochen gezeichnete Linie die Begrenzung der Regieraussteuerung, auch Regelgrenze genannt, dargestellt ist. Aus Figur 3 ist ersichtlich, wie zum Zeitpunkt to die Stellgliedöffnung einen bestimmten Betrag angenommen hat, um die Leerlaufdrehzahl eines Verbrennungsmotors auf eine durch die Soll-Leerlaufdrehzahl vorbestimmten Wert zu halten. Kurz anschließend wird das Stellglied durch Einschaltung des Zusatzaggregats noch weiter geöffnet Zum Zeitpunkt t1 fällt die Stellgliedöffnung auf einen Wert zurück, der bereits dem echten Leerlaufbetriebsfall entspricht. Der Diskriminator 19 erkennt jedoch den echten Leerlaufbetriebsfall erst nach einer vorbestimmten Zeitdauer, nach deren Ablauf er sicher sein kann, daß das Gaspedal nicht willkürlich durch den Fahrer verstellt wurde. Nach Ablauf der Zeitdauer T zum Zeitpunkt t2 ist die Bedingung LL = 1 erfüllt, und eine Justierung der Aussteuergrenze des Regelverstärkers kann erfolgen. Hierzu sei entsprechend der unterbrochen dargestellten Linie angenommen, daß die alte Regelgrenze entsprechend dem Abstand B zum Zeitpunkt t2 zunächst zu groß war, so daß die Aussteuerbegrenzungseinrichtung die Regelgrenze nun selbsttätig auf den Wert A anheben muß. Der Sollabstand kann aber auch in umgekehrter Richtung abgesenkt werden, wenn z. B. durch eine im Laufe der Zeit aufgetretene Verminderung der Reibwiderstände des Verbrennungsmotors zum Erreichen der Soll-Leerlaufdrehzahl ein geringerer Luftdurchsatz genügt. Die Selbstjustage kann also - gesteuert durch den Diskriminator 15 - in beiden Richtungen erfolgen. Die Einrichtung zur elektrischen Leerlaufregelung ist somit praktisch immer optimal eingestellt.In Figure 3, the time lapse is shown on the horizontal axis and the control current or the actuator opening in the bypass is shown on the vertical axis. An actuator opening of 100% corresponds to an actuating current of 0 mA. The solid line indicates the time curve of the actuating current and the inverse curve of the steep opening, while the broken line shows the limitation of the control modulation, also called the control limit. FIG. 3 shows how, at time t o, the actuator opening assumed a certain amount in order to keep the idling speed of an internal combustion engine at a value predetermined by the target idling speed. Shortly thereafter, the actuator is opened even further by switching on the additional unit. At time t 1 , the actuator opening falls back to a value that already corresponds to the real idling mode. The discriminator 19, however, recognizes the real idling mode only after a predetermined period of time, after which it can be certain that the accelerator pedal has not been arbitrarily adjusted by the driver. After the time period T at the time t 2 , the condition LL = 1 is fulfilled, and the modulation limit of the control amplifier can be adjusted. For this purpose, according to the broken line, it is assumed that the old control limit corresponding to the distance B at time t 2 was initially too large, so that the modulation limitation device must now automatically raise the control limit to the value A. The target distance can also be lowered in the opposite direction if z. B. by a decrease in the frictional resistance of the internal combustion engine over time to achieve the desired idle speed, a lower air flow is sufficient. The self-adjustment can thus - controlled by the discriminator 15 - in both directions. The device for electrical idle control is practically always optimally set.

Claims (7)

1. Apparatus for electrically regulating the idle speed of combustion engines in motor vehicles, having a comparator (2), in which an idle speed deviation signal is formed, which with an engine speed regulator (5) controls an adjusting current which can be supplied to an idle airflow rate final control element (7), and also having means for setting the adjusting current, characterised in that for influencing the operating limit of the engine speed regulator (5), a control adjustment limiting system (8-19) which is self-adjusting at true idle in response to the adjusting current communicates with said engine speed regulator (5) and to downwardly limit the minimum idle airflow quantity limits the maximum adjusting current to a value that is a preset amount (nominal interval A) over the idle adjusting current at true idle, said true idle being zero vehicle speed with the throttle valve closed and no variation in adjusting current within a predetermined time.
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that the control adjustment limiting system incorporates a self-adjusting, holding, limiting transducer (9), which activates a control adjustment limiter (11), if appropriate via a reference point (10) to which an adjusting current signal may be supplied, and via an additional reference point (12) to which the adjusting current signal may be supplied forms part of a closed loop and embraces means for constituting the nominal interval in each true idle state.
3. Apparatus according to Claim 2, characterised by a direction discriminator (15) arranged in a closed-loop branch between the additional reference point (12) and the self-adjusting, holding, limiting transducer (9), for determining the likely response of the limiting transducer.
4. Apparatus according to Claim 2 or 3, characterised by a discriminator (19) which recognises the true idle state for triggering the response of the limiting transducer (9).
5. Apparatus according to Claim 4, characterised in that the discriminator (19) is set up as follows for constituting the switching function :
Figure imgb0003
wherein :
LL = true idle state
V = zero vehicle speed
T = no variations in adjusting current (changes in control variables) within a predetermined time
DK = throttle valve closed
RK = air-conditioning compressor off
MT = engine warm
6. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that to constitute the nominal interval (A) of the control adjustment limit to the iddle adjusting current in the true idle phase there is arranged an additive fixed-value transducer (14) between the output of the limiting transducer (9) and the additional reference point (12).
7. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the control adjustment limiter (11) incorporates a regulator amplifier with PID time response.
EP84116363A 1984-02-03 1984-12-27 Apparatus for electrically regulating the idle speed of a combustion engine Expired EP0151805B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843403750 DE3403750A1 (en) 1984-02-03 1984-02-03 DEVICE FOR ELECTRICALLY IDLE CONTROL OF COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE3403750 1984-02-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0151805A2 EP0151805A2 (en) 1985-08-21
EP0151805A3 EP0151805A3 (en) 1987-06-16
EP0151805B1 true EP0151805B1 (en) 1988-09-28

Family

ID=6226669

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84116363A Expired EP0151805B1 (en) 1984-02-03 1984-12-27 Apparatus for electrically regulating the idle speed of a combustion engine

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US (1) US4616613A (en)
EP (1) EP0151805B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60198345A (en)
DE (2) DE3403750A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3515132A1 (en) * 1985-04-26 1986-10-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Method and device for controlling the idling speed in internal combustion engines
DE4215959C2 (en) * 1991-05-15 1997-01-16 Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Gain adjustment device for PID controllers
US6817338B2 (en) * 2002-02-04 2004-11-16 Cummins, Inc. Idle speed control system

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54162025A (en) * 1978-06-12 1979-12-22 Nippon Denso Co Ltd Engine revolution speed controlling apparatus
JPS5926782B2 (en) * 1978-06-17 1984-06-30 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Internal combustion engine rotation speed control method
JPS55160135A (en) * 1979-05-29 1980-12-12 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Suction air controller
JPS5612029A (en) * 1979-07-10 1981-02-05 Toyota Motor Corp Control method for speed of revolution in internal combustion engine
JPS6038544B2 (en) * 1979-10-17 1985-09-02 株式会社デンソー Engine speed control method
DE3039435C2 (en) * 1980-10-18 1984-03-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Device for regulating the idling speed of internal combustion engines
DE3149097A1 (en) * 1981-12-11 1983-06-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart DEVICE FOR REGULATING THE IDLE SPEED IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
DE3226283A1 (en) * 1982-07-14 1984-01-19 Vdo Adolf Schindling Ag, 6000 Frankfurt IDLE CONTROLLER, IN PARTICULAR FOR MOTOR VEHICLES
DE3235186A1 (en) * 1982-09-23 1984-03-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE IDLE SPEED OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS60198345A (en) 1985-10-07
EP0151805A3 (en) 1987-06-16
US4616613A (en) 1986-10-14
DE3474333D1 (en) 1988-11-03
DE3403750A1 (en) 1985-08-08
EP0151805A2 (en) 1985-08-21

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