EP3152029A1 - Dispositif et procédé pour réchauffer des préformes de matière plastique avec un refroidissement de surface réglable - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour réchauffer des préformes de matière plastique avec un refroidissement de surface réglable

Info

Publication number
EP3152029A1
EP3152029A1 EP15728486.0A EP15728486A EP3152029A1 EP 3152029 A1 EP3152029 A1 EP 3152029A1 EP 15728486 A EP15728486 A EP 15728486A EP 3152029 A1 EP3152029 A1 EP 3152029A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
reflector
plastic preforms
preforms
preform
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15728486.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frank Winzinger
Wolfgang Schönberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krones AG
Original Assignee
Krones AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krones AG filed Critical Krones AG
Publication of EP3152029A1 publication Critical patent/EP3152029A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/4205—Handling means, e.g. transfer, loading or discharging means
    • B29C49/42093—Transporting apparatus, e.g. slides, wheels or conveyors
    • B29C49/42095—Rotating wheels or stars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
    • B29C49/6409—Thermal conditioning of preforms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/4205—Handling means, e.g. transfer, loading or discharging means
    • B29C49/42093—Transporting apparatus, e.g. slides, wheels or conveyors
    • B29C49/42101—Conveyors, e.g. flat conveyor or clamping between two bands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
    • B29C49/68—Ovens specially adapted for heating preforms or parisons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
    • B29C49/68—Ovens specially adapted for heating preforms or parisons
    • B29C49/682—Ovens specially adapted for heating preforms or parisons characterised by the path, e.g. sinusoidal path
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/0715—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration the preform having one end closed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/06—Injection blow-moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/08—Biaxial stretching during blow-moulding
    • B29C49/10—Biaxial stretching during blow-moulding using mechanical means for prestretching
    • B29C49/12—Stretching rods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/4205—Handling means, e.g. transfer, loading or discharging means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/4205—Handling means, e.g. transfer, loading or discharging means
    • B29C49/42073—Grippers
    • B29C49/42085—Grippers holding inside the neck
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
    • B29C49/6409—Thermal conditioning of preforms
    • B29C49/6427—Cooling of preforms
    • B29C49/6435—Cooling of preforms from the outside
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
    • B29C49/6409—Thermal conditioning of preforms
    • B29C49/6436—Thermal conditioning of preforms characterised by temperature differential
    • B29C49/6445—Thermal conditioning of preforms characterised by temperature differential through the preform length
    • B29C49/645—Thermal conditioning of preforms characterised by temperature differential through the preform length by cooling the neck
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
    • B29C49/68—Ovens specially adapted for heating preforms or parisons
    • B29C49/6825—Mounting exchanging or centering ovens or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
    • B29C49/68—Ovens specially adapted for heating preforms or parisons
    • B29C49/683—Adjustable or modular conditioning means, e.g. position and number of heating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
    • B29C49/68—Ovens specially adapted for heating preforms or parisons
    • B29C49/6835—Ovens specially adapted for heating preforms or parisons using reflectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
    • B29C49/68—Ovens specially adapted for heating preforms or parisons
    • B29C49/6845—Ovens specially adapted for heating preforms or parisons using ventilation, e.g. a fan
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
    • B29C49/68—Ovens specially adapted for heating preforms or parisons
    • B29C49/685—Rotating the preform in relation to heating means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for heating plastic preforms.
  • plastic preforms for example by means of blow molding machines, be formed into plastic containers.
  • the plastic preforms are first heated in an oven and then fed in this heated and therefore soft state of the respective blow molding machine.
  • heaters such as infrared emitters.
  • plastic preforms for example differently long plastic preforms
  • external cooling becomes inefficient, for example with shorter plastic preforms, since partial air flows into regions in which no region of the plastic preform to be heated is flowing located.
  • a device for heating plastic preforms has a transport device which transports the plastic preforms along a predetermined transport path. Furthermore, the device has a heating device, which at least temporarily heats the plastic preforms, as well as an impinging device, which acts on at least temporary areas of the plastic preforms and / or the device with a particular flowable cooling medium. According to the invention, the loading device has a feed device, via which the cooling medium can be fed to the regions of the plastic preforms and / or the regions of the devices.
  • this feeding device is suitable for feeding the cooling medium along a predetermined region which extends at least also (and preferably exclusively) in the longitudinal direction of the plastic preforms, wherein this region (in particular in the longitudinal direction of the plastic preforms) can be changed (or the length of this region can be changed is).
  • the device has a flow cross-section change element, by means of which a flow cross-section of the plastic preforms or the devices reaching cooling medium is changeable and so also the range in the longitudinal direction of the plastic preforms is variable (in particular the extension in the longitudinal direction).
  • the area is unilaterally changeable. This means that the area in the direction of the end facing the mouths of the plastic preforms is maintained and changed, ie lengthened or shortened, at the other (ie opposite) end, which is in the region of a bottom of the plastic preforms.
  • the position of their mouth preferably always remains the same even when switching to different plastic preforms, as these in particular by identical Garmit- elements (holding elements, holding devices) are held. If the retaining elements are exchanged during a changeover to the processing of other preforms, for example because of a different neck diameter of the preforms, the retaining elements preferably retain their position in the longitudinal direction.
  • the invention proposes that a supply of the cooling medium dependent on the longitudinal direction of the plastic preforms is used.
  • the cooling performance can preferably also be represented as a function dependent on the longitudinal direction of the plastic preforms. It would be possible for the cooling medium to be uniformly distributed along the plastic preforms or along their longitudinal direction. to be led. However, it is preferably possible to vary the region along the longitudinal direction along which the cooling medium is supplied.
  • a partition is provided which can only seal off a portion of the openings or slits opening into the transport region of the plastic preforms, in particular for one or more of the above-mentioned cooling.
  • the cooling medium is supplied to the plastic preforms at least along the longitudinal direction.
  • the feed region for the cooling medium extending at least also in the longitudinal direction of the plastic preforms can be changed by the flow cross-sectional change element described above. In this case, it is in particular possible that an adaptation to a profile and in particular a longitudinal extent of the plastic preform is achieved by this change.
  • the cooling device or loading device can preferably serve to cool an outer wall of the plastic preforms, an orifice and / or a thread of the plastic preforms or even elements of the device itself, such as reflectors, by exposure to the flowable medium.
  • the fluid medium is a gaseous medium, and more preferably air, i. especially for cooling air.
  • each own cooling means may be present. These cooling devices can also be controlled independently of each other.
  • a reduction of the power of the cooling device is coupled with a reduction of the flow cross section.
  • a function can be stored in a controller with which values for the flow cross-section (or values for a position of the flow cross-section change element) are assigned a decrease with a rotational speed of a cooling air blower of the cooling device.
  • the volume flow for the uppermost region of the preforms, which is later formed approximately equal.
  • the feed device has at least one and preferably a multiplicity of openings through which the cooling medium can pass and the flow cross-section variation element is suitable for at least partially concealing a variable portion of these openings.
  • a plurality of openings or guide slots can be provided, via which the cooling air is supplied to the outer surface of the plastic preforms.
  • a different number of these cooling openings or cooling slots can be covered, or even a variable area of these openings.
  • an opening it would also be possible for an opening to be configured as a slot and for the flow cross-section modification element to cover different areas of this elongated hole.
  • the proportion of the opening (s) could be covered, through which the air would escape to those areas of the longer preform, which are no longer covered by the shorter preform.
  • these openings are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the plastic preforms (i.e. offset in the longitudinal direction).
  • these openings or slots may be arranged directly next to each other, but it would also be conceivable that the openings are offset not only in the longitudinal direction of the plastic to each other but also in a direction perpendicular thereto and in particular in the direction of the transport path of the plastic preforms. Thus, the openings would be obliquely offset here.
  • a plurality of elongated holes may be provided, which extend substantially over an entire height of a heating channel, through which the preforms are transported during their heating.
  • the feed device is arranged stationary and the flow cross-section change element is movable relative to the feed device.
  • the advantage here is the Strömungsqueritessver selectedungs- element linearly movable and particularly preferably in a longitudinal direction of the plastic preforms to be heated movable.
  • the preforms are oriented during transport through the device such that their longitudinal direction or the extension of their longitudinal axis intersects the center of the earth (i.e., in particular vertically).
  • the device has a heating tunnel delimited by at least one heating device and the flow cross-sectional change element is arranged within this heating tunnel. In this way, the flow cross section can be regulated in particular very close to the plastic preforms to be heated.
  • the device has at least one reflector element, which reflects thermal radiation onto the plastic preforms.
  • this may be radiation which does not initially reach the plastic preforms but is subsequently directed onto the plastic preforms by said reflection.
  • the device has a plurality of such reflection elements, such as floor reflectors, which reflect the radiation on a bottom portion of the plastic preforms, side reflectors, which are arranged with respect to the plastic preforms on the opposite side of the heating elements or infrared tubes, side reflectors, which with respect Plastic preforms are arranged behind the heating elements, reflectors, which form a Schugasse with the heating elements.
  • the reflectors can be polished or mirrored metal sheets, in particular of aluminum, which directly reflect radiation and / or ceramic reflectors which absorb the radiation and then release heat again.
  • openings through which the cooling medium passes through are arranged in or between the reflectors, and the flow cross-section variation element is preferably arranged in the vicinity of these openings or reflectors, in particular in the immediate vicinity. nearness.
  • a distance of the flow cross-section change element to the openings is preferably less than 20 cm, preferably less than 15 cm, more preferably less than 10 cm and particularly preferably less than 5 cm.
  • the heating elements are infrared tubes.
  • these infrared tubes extend in the direction of the transport path of the plastic preforms and in particular in a straight direction.
  • a plurality of such heating elements or tubes are arranged one above the other.
  • At least one reflector element is movable with respect to the plastic preforms.
  • this is a floor reflector.
  • a movement of the flow cross-sectional change element is coupled to a movement of a reflector element and preferably of a floor reflector element.
  • a coupling of the flow cross-sectional change element with the bottom reflector adjustment can take place.
  • the flow cross-section change element and the floor reflector are adjusted by the same drive.
  • the drive may be a hand crank or an electric motor or other drive such as a hydraulic or pneumatic drive.
  • the device has a regulating device which regulates a quantity of the cooling medium reaching the plastic preforms. This regulation can also take place in dependence on a selection of the plastic preform to be heated. For example, when converting from a longer to a shorter plastic preform, both the flow cross-section Adjust cut element in its position as well as the cooling capacity and the amount of air to be charged are changed. For example, the performance of a ventilation can be reduced if several openings or a larger area of the opening is covered.
  • the loading device has at least one fan device which urges the gaseous cooling medium, in particular the cooling air, in the direction of the plastic preforms or generally in the direction of the regions of the plastic preforms or the device to be cooled.
  • a plurality of blower devices may be provided, which serve to act on different regions of the plastic preforms with the cooling medium. So it would be conceivable, for example, that an opening region of the plastic preforms is acted upon separately with a cooling medium.
  • a plurality of blower devices could be provided, which are assigned to different segments of the transport path and / or different heights (as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the plastic preforms). Particularly when only one fan is used, the volumetric flow can be directed to individual regions (neck region of the plastic preforms, surface of the plastic preforms, reflectors, radiant heater ends) via guide devices, such as flaps.
  • a cooling capacity of the loading device is variable as a function of a position of the flow cross-section modification element.
  • the device could also have shielding elements, which prevent thermal radiation from the openings of the plastic preforms, which are generally not to be heated.
  • the power it would also be possible for the power to be reduced only in certain zones along the transport path of the plastic preforms.
  • a central Bodenreflektorumstell wake is provided which entrains the Strömungsqueritessver Sungselement or this mitkoppelt and adjusted in this way a complete side of a heating tunnel or even the entire furnace in one go.
  • the device is part of a process in two-stage stretch blow molding machine.
  • the preforms are continuously transported through the device.
  • the holding elements for the preforms are arranged at equidistant intervals along the circumference of the device.
  • a so-called pitch delay star could be provided which alters a pitch of the transported preforms.
  • the holding elements are constantly circulating transported.
  • the transport path preferably has two regions in which the holding elements are transported along a straight path. Along these areas, in particular, a plurality of heating boxes and reflectors are arranged and in these areas also takes place the cooling of the preforms.
  • the transport path of the holding elements preferably has at least two sections with different curvatures or curves of curvature.
  • this area may also be at least one area in which the holding elements are transported along a curve.
  • this area is formed free of heating and cooling elements.
  • each heating box and / or each individual radiant heater and / or each radiant heater row are separately in its performance adjustable.
  • the device is divided along the transport path into at least two, preferably three or more, zones within which a cooling air volume flow to the reshaped part of the preform and / or its thread and / or on the reflectors and / or radiator ends is separately adjustable and in particular controllable ,
  • a zone can also be chosen so small that it has an extension in the transport direction of a heating box.
  • a very thin-walled preform is processed, it is heated faster than a thick-walled preform.
  • individual heating boxes can thus be completely switched off in comparison to the dome-walled preform and the adjustability of the cooling air supply means that the cooling air supply in the areas along the transport path in which the heating boxes have also been switched off can be switched off.
  • the shutdown of the cooling air supply in individual zones for example, take place in such a way that only a fan associated with this zone is switched off.
  • a flow cross-section modification element can also seal the supply in these zones.
  • a plurality of flow cross-sectional change elements can be provided along the transport direction, which can be moved or adjusted separately from one another. Alternatively or additionally, it would be conceivable to suppress the feed to these zones via control elements.
  • first the heating boxes or cooling air supplies are switched off, which are located at the end of the transport path through the device.
  • a flow cross-sectional change element extends over the entire length of one side (the area in which the holding elements are transported along a straight line) of the device.
  • the heating elements Seen from the center of the heater, the heating elements are arranged in particular behind the preforms or the heating tunnel. Seen from the center of the heating device, the openings or the reflectors are arranged in particular in front of the preforms or the heating tunnel.
  • the cooling air volume flow or the fan output is dependent not only on a position of the flow cross-section variation element, but additionally on a temperature which is measured on the surface of the preforms. If, for example, this is below a critical limit value, the power can be additionally reduced.
  • a temperature which is measured on the surface of the preforms If, for example, this is below a critical limit value, the power can be additionally reduced.
  • one or more pyrometers can be arranged along the transport path, which detect the surface temperature of the preforms at a specific position. In this case, several measuring points can be present along the preforming longitudinal axis.
  • the present invention is further directed to a method for heating plastic preforms, wherein the plastic preforms are transported by means of a transport device along a predetermined transport path and during this transport, by means of a heating device, at least temporarily heated and wherein at least temporarily by means of a loading device Regions of the plastic preforms and / or the device are subjected to a cooling medium.
  • the loading device has a feed device, via which the cooling medium is supplied to the regions of the plastic preforms and / or the regions of the device.
  • a flow cross-section of the cooling medium is at least temporarily changed by means of a flow cross-section change element, wherein this supply device feeds the cooling medium along a predetermined region extending at least also in the longitudinal direction of the plastic preforms, wherein this region can be changed by the flow cross-section variation element.
  • a cooling capacity of the loading device for example a fan power
  • a cooling capacity of the loading device for example a fan power
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of a heater according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of the heater according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the adjusting device according to the first embodiment
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the height adjustment of a
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the height adjustment of the bottom reflector depending on the length of a preform according to egg NEM second embodiment.
  • Fig. 8 is a partial sectional view of a heater according to a third Auspar tion example
  • Fig. 9 is a further partial sectional view of the heater according to the third
  • FIG. 10 is a partial sectional view of a heater according to a fourth
  • Fig. 1 1 -14 are each a partial sectional view of a heater according to a
  • Fig. 15 -16 are each a partial sectional view of a heater according to a
  • 17 is a partial sectional view of a heater according to a
  • Fig. 20 is a partial sectional view of a heater according to a
  • FIG. 21 shows a first embodiment of a cooling according to the invention
  • FIG. 23 shows a third embodiment of a cooling according to the invention
  • FIG. 24 shows a fourth exemplary embodiment of a cooling according to the invention
  • FIG. 25 shows a fifth embodiment of a cooling according to the invention
  • FIG. 26 shows a sixth exemplary embodiment of a cooling according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a part of a blow molding machine 1 for the production of containers 2 from preforms 3 made of plastic, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), etc.
  • the finished container 2 may for example be bottles, as shown in Fig. 1, in the a product can be filled.
  • the product may in particular be a beverage, a cleaning agent, etc.
  • the preforms 3 are shown in Fig. 1 as circles for their mouth, with the sake of clarity, only two of the preforms 3, at the beginning (in Fig. 1 below) and at the end (left in Fig. 1) of the row formed by them are provided with a reference numeral.
  • the blow molding machine 1 comprises a first transport device 10, a second transport device 20, a third transport device 30, a heating device 40 and a blowing device, not shown, which is arranged downstream of the third transport device 30.
  • the preforms 3 heated by the heating device 40 can be blown into the desired shape of the container 2 by blowing in a gaseous medium.
  • the blow molding machine 1 may in particular be a stretch blow molding machine.
  • a bottom reflector detector 80 and a preform length detector 90 which are described in detail with reference to Figs. 6 and 7.
  • the first, second and third transport means 10, 20, 30 are respectively for transporting the plurality of preforms 3 shown in Fig. 1.
  • the preforms 3 are each in the transport direction of the first to third transport means 10, 20, 30 in a row one behind the other arranged.
  • the first transport device 10 is formed in FIG. 1 as a sawtooth star, which is rotatably mounted, as shown in FIG. 1 with a rotary arrow on the first transponder. port worn 10 specified.
  • the first transport device 10 transfers the preforms 3 held by it to the second transport device 20.
  • the second transport device 20 is a conveying path, along which a first heating section 41 and a second heating section 42 of the heating device 40 are arranged and between which the heating device 40 has a deflection region 43.
  • the first and second heating sections 41, 42 are each linear heating sections.
  • the preforms 3 are deflected by a first transport direction TR1 in a second transport direction TR2.
  • the first transport direction TR1, in which the preforms 3 are transported through the first heating path 41, is directed in FIG. 1 opposite to the second transport direction TR2, in which the preforms 3 are transported through the second heating path 42.
  • the preforms 3 are held at their mouth by a spindle which is rotatably mounted in a chain link.
  • a spindle which is rotatably mounted in a chain link.
  • the preforms 3 are transferred from the second transport device 20 to the third transport device 30, which is also rotatably mounted and further transports the preforms 3 heated by the heating device 40 to the blowing device (not shown).
  • the preforms 3 are therefore heated by the heating device 40, while they are transported by the second transport device 20 through the heating sections 41, 42, as described in more detail below.
  • the first heating section 41 is used for the first heating of the preforms 3.
  • the preforms 3 are heated uniformly on the circumference.
  • the first heating section 41 has a multiplicity of heating modules, namely a first heating module 41 1, a second heating module 412, a third heating module 413, a fourth heating module 414, a fifth heating module 415, a sixth heating module 416, and a seventh heating module 417.
  • the heating modules 41 1 to 417 are arranged in this sequence in the direction of the first transport direction TR1 in a row one behind the other.
  • the number of heating modules 41 1 to 417 is individually adjustable and depends on the required heating time or on the number of heating elements.
  • the second heating section 42 is used for the second heating of the preforms 3.
  • the preforms 3 are heated to the final temperature at which they can be converted by means of the blowing device, not shown, into a container 2.
  • the final temperature is also referred to as the forming temperature of the preforms 3.
  • the second heating section 42 also has a plurality of heating modules, namely, a first heating module 421, a second heating module 422, a third heating module 423, a fourth heating module 424, a fifth heating module 425, a sixth heating module 426, and a seventh heating module 427.
  • the heating modules 421 to 427 are arranged in this sequence in the direction of the second transport direction TR2 in a row one behind the other. In the deflection region 43, no heating of the preforms 3 takes place by means of heating sections or heating modules.
  • the heating modules 41 1 to 417 of the first heating section 41 and the heating modules 421 to 427 of the second heating section 42 are shown in FIG.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 The exact design and arrangement of the heating modules 41 1 to 417 of the first heating section 41 and the heating modules 421 to 427 of the second heating section 42 are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • Fig. 2 shows a section, in the direction of arrows A AA along the thick dashed line in Fig. 1, through the first heating module 41 1 of the first heating path 41 for a case in which the second transport device 20 longer preforms 3A by the first Schumo - dul 41 1 transported.
  • a longer preform 3A is, for example, a preform 3, from which a container 2 or a bottle with a maximum capacity of about 1.0 liters is to be formed.
  • Each preform 3 is usually an injection molded part with a bottom B and a mouth M, which already corresponds to the mouth of the finished container 2.
  • the mouth M engages a spindle 21 of the second conveyor 20, as described above.
  • the preform 3 or 3A can be rotated about its longitudinal axis.
  • the heating modules 412 to 417 of the first heating path 41 and the heating modules 421 to 427 of the second heating path 42 are each constructed in the same way as the first heating mode. dul 41 1 of the first heating section 41, so that reference is also made to the description of the first heating module 41 1 for their structure.
  • the first heating module 41 1 has a plurality of heating elements 41 10, which are arranged in Fig. 2 on the right side of the preforms 3A.
  • the plurality of heating elements 41 10 are arranged one above the other in a row. In FIG. 2, for the sake of clarity, only the uppermost and lowermost heating element 41 10 are provided with a reference numeral.
  • each heating element 41 10 is an elongated radiator whose length is arranged in the direction of the first transport direction TR1 and extending in the direction of the first transport direction TR1.
  • Each heating element 41 10 serves to radiate heat radiation or heating radiation onto the preform 3A, which heats the preform 3A.
  • the heating radiation is in particular infrared radiation (IR radiation).
  • a counter reflector 41 1 1 is arranged, which extends both in the direction of the length of the preform 3A (in Fig. 2, the vertical) and in the direction of transport direction TR1.
  • the counter-reflector 41 1 1 reflects the heat radiation not absorbed by the preforms 3A back to the preform 3A or the preforms 3A arranged in front of and behind it.
  • a back reflector 41 12 is provided on the side of the heating element 41 10, which likewise reflects the heating radiation not yet absorbed by the preforms 3A back to the preform 3A or the preforms 3A arranged in front of and behind it.
  • a height-adjustable bottom reflector 41 13 is arranged below the preform 3A, which likewise reflects the heat radiation not picked up by the preforms 3A back to the preform 3A or the preforms 3A arranged in front of and behind it.
  • the bottom reflector 41 13 reflects the heating radiation, in particular in the direction of the bottom of the preforms 3A to be heated.
  • the floor reflector 41 13 is arranged transversely to the back reflector 41 12 and to the counter reflector 41 1 1. Cross here means that the arrangement of the ground reflector can deviate by up to 10 ° from the exact transverse direction.
  • the arrangement of heating elements 41 10, counter reflector 41 1 1 and bottom reflector 41 13, the bottom reflector 41 13 between the heating element and the counter reflector is movable. In other words, the bottom reflector 41 13 is movable relative to the counter reflector 41 1 1. moreover the floor reflector 41 13 is movable relative to the heating elements 41 10.
  • the bottom reflector 41 13 is disposed close to the bottom B of the preform 3A and the bottoms B of the preforms 3A. More specifically, a predetermined distance BM between ground B and ground reflector 41 is set. Here, the bottom reflector 41 13 is pushed as far as possible up to the bottom B of the preform 3A, in order to optimally use both the heating radiation and to ensure that the preform 3A is not overheated.
  • the back reflector 41 1 1, the back reflector 41 12 with the heating elements 41 10 and the bottom reflector 41 13 together form an approximately U-shaped, relatively closed Schugasse through which the second conveyor 20 transports the preforms 3A.
  • the small predetermined distance BM between the bottom reflector 41 13 and the bottom of the preform 3A or the preforms 3A ensures that the heating radiation emitted by the heating elements 41 10 is optimally utilized in the longer preforms 3A. Hardly any heat radiation is lost unused.
  • FIG. 3 shows the section of FIG. 2 through the first heating module 41 1 of the first heating path 41, when the second transport device 20 transports a shorter preform 3B through it.
  • a shorter preform 3B is, for example, a preform 3 from which a container 2 or a bottle with a maximum capacity of approximately 0.5 liter is to be formed.
  • the bottom reflector 41 13 is further pushed up or placed, as in the case shown in Fig. 2, so that in turn the counter reflector 41 1 1, the back reflector 41 12 with the heating elements 41 10 and the bottom reflector 41 13th together form an approximately U-shaped, relatively closed Bankgasse through which the second conveyor 20 transports the shorter preforms 3B.
  • the heating radiation can be used effectively for heating preforms 3 of different sizes (preforms 3A, 3B).
  • the two lower heating elements 41 10 in FIG. 3 can be deactivated, for example switched off or alternatively moved away and switched off, so that only the heating elements 41 10 for heating the preforms 3 and 3A, 3B for Are used, which are actually required for the heating of the preforms 3 and 3A, 3B. That is, the two lower heating elements 41 10 in Fig. 2 are used only in the heating of a longer preform 3A, whereas they are not used in the heating of a shorter preform 3B.
  • the heating module 41 1 to 417 of the first heating section 41 and their reflectors 41 1 1, 41 12, 41 13 are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other to ensure air circulation around the preforms 3 and 3A, 3B.
  • the heating modules 421 to 427 of the second heating section 42 are constructed and arranged. As a result of the air circulation in the first and second heating sections 41, 42, overheating of the preforms 3 or 3A, 3B in the heating device 40 can be avoided.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 show an adjustment device 50 of the blow molding machine 1, with which the floor reflector 41 13 of the heating module 41 1 and together with it all other Bodenreflek- gates the heating modules 412 to 417 and 421 to 427 in their position, in particular their height , can be adjusted.
  • a single, continuous floor reflector 41 13 may be provided in each heating section 41.
  • the floor reflector 41 13, the floor reflector 4123 and the floor reflector 4133 of the first heating section 41 are of two Rods 51 supported, which are designed as threaded spindle.
  • the two bars 51 are a first support means for supporting the floor reflectors 41 13, 4123, 4133 of the first heating path 41.
  • the floor reflector 4213, the floor reflector 4223 and the floor reflector 4233 of the second heating section 42 are supported by two further bars 52, which also serve as a threaded spindle are executed.
  • the two bars 52 are a second support means for supporting the floor reflectors 4213, 4223, 4233 of the second heating path 42.
  • the bars 51 and 52 and the first and second support means 51, 52 are connected to each other and by means of a belt 53 placed around them a drive device 54 coupled.
  • the belt 53 is a coupling device for coupling the first and second support means 51, 52 with the drive means 54.
  • a drive of the belt 53 caused by the drive means 54 causes rotation of the rods 51, 52 about their axis, causing a common and synchronous adjustment all floor reflectors of the heating modules of the first and second heating section 41, 42 has the consequence.
  • the floor reflectors of the heating modules of the first and second heating sections 41, 42 can therefore be adjusted centrally.
  • the drive device 54 may be, for example, an electric, pneumatic or electromechanical actuator device.
  • the adjustment of the position of the floor reflectors of the heating modules 41 1 to 417 and 421 to 427 by means of the adjusting device 50 can make an operator by switch or button of a control panel of the heater 40 or the blow molding machine 1. That is, the adjustment of the position of the floor reflectors by means of the adjusting device 50 is carried out automatically.
  • it is a stepless fine adjustment, which can thus be optimally adapted to each Preformbone.
  • the floor reflectors of the heating modules 41 1 to 417 and 421 to 427 may be automatically set with the adjusting means 50, as described below in a modification of the first embodiment.
  • 6 shows a schematic diagram for the illustration of the height adjustment of the floor reflectors of the heating modules 41 1 to 417 and 421 to 427 by means of the adjusting device 50.
  • the adjusting device 50 is controlled by a control device 60 of the blow molding machine 1.
  • the control device 60 accesses a 70 in which preform data, such as the length LA, LB, the diameter, the material, the wall thickness, etc. of the preform 3 and the preforms 3A, 3B are stored.
  • preform data such as the length LA, LB, the diameter, the material, the wall thickness, etc. of the preform 3 and the preforms 3A, 3B are stored.
  • the proper position, and in particular height, of the floor reflectors has such a value that, during operation of the blow molding machine 1, the predetermined distance BM between floor B of the preform 3 or the preforms 3A, 3B and the floor reflectors of the heating modules 41 1 to 417 and 421 to 427 is set.
  • the storage device 70 is part of a determination device for determining a predetermined position of a floor reflector as a function of the length of a preform 3 or 3A, 3B to be heated by the heating device 40.
  • the control device 60 which is also part of the determination device, controls the adjustment device 50, in particular the drive device 54 (see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5), such that the position, and in particular the height, the floor reflectors 41 13 and the like is the amount stored in the storage device 70.
  • control device 60 may receive a detection signal of a ground reflector detection device 80, the position, and in particular the height, of a ground reflector, for example, the bottom reflector 41 13, and thus the position, and in particular the height of all floor reflectors of the heating modules 41 1 to 417 and 421 to 427.
  • the bottom reflector detector 80 may be part of the determination device in addition to the memory device 70.
  • the ground reflector detecting device 80 may be, for example, an encoder in the driving device 54 (see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5), a position measuring system, etc.
  • the bottom reflector detection device 80 can be arranged at the inlet of the heating device 40, that is to say in the direction of the first transport direction TR1 (see FIG.
  • the control device 60 can compare the height of the floor reflectors detected by the floor reflector detector 80 with the height stored in the memory device 70 for the preform 3 or 3A, 3B to be processed with the blow molding machine 1. If the comparison shows that the detection signal of the ground reflector detection device 80 differs from the position stored in the memory device 70, and in particular the height, is the control device 60, the adjustment means 50, in particular the drive means 54 (see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5), such that the position, and in particular the height, the floor reflectors 41 13, etc. the same Memory device 70 is stored height.
  • the control device 60 thus controls the adjustment device 50, in particular the drive device 54, on the basis of the detection signal of the bottom reflector detection device 80.
  • the blow molding machine 1, in particular the heating device 40 automatically switches over to the preform 3 or 3A, 3B to be processed ,
  • the set by the setting device 50 predetermined position of the bottom reflector 41 13 also results as LA + BM or LB + BM.
  • the adjusting device 50 With the adjusting device 50, a very accurate and above all reproducible positioning of the floor reflectors of the heating modules 41 1 to 417 and 421 to 427 can be ensured. In this way, it is also ensured that after a grade change, a change between different size preforms, the exact same position of the floor reflectors in the heater 40 is set again.
  • Fig. 7 shows a similar diagram as shown in Fig. 6 with respect to the first embodiment, for explaining a second embodiment of the blow molding machine 1.
  • the blow molding machine 1 of the second embodiment is largely the same Way constructed as the blow molding machine 1 of the first embodiment. Therefore, only the differences between the first and second embodiments will be described below. Incidentally, reference is made to the description of the first embodiment.
  • the blow molding machine 1 of the second exemplary embodiment additionally has a preform length detection device 90 for detecting the length LA, LB of the preforms 3 or 3A, 3B, which are transported into the heating device 40 by means of the second transport device 20, as shown in FIG 7.
  • the preform length detection device 90 is arranged at the inlet of the heating device 40, that is to say in the direction of the first transport direction TR1 (cf., FIG. 1), in front of the first heating module 41 1 of the first heating section 41.
  • the control means 60 controls the setting means 50, particularly the driving means 54 (see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5), on the basis of the detection signal of the bottom reflector detecting means 80 and the preform length detecting means 90.
  • the blowing machine 1 in particular the Heating device 40, so in turn automatically turns on the currently to be processed preform 3 or 3A, 3B.
  • the preform length detecting means 90 is part of the determining means besides the control means 60, the storage means 70 and the bottom reflector detecting means 80.
  • control by means of the control device 60 functions in such a way that the control device 60 accesses the height of the floor reflectors of the heating modules 41 1 to 417 and 421 to 427 and the length LA, LB of the associated preform 3 or 3A, 3B from the memory device 70 ,
  • the controller 60 compares the height of the floor reflectors with the detection signal of the floor reflector detector 80 and the length LA, LB of the associated preform 3A and 3B, respectively, with the detection signal of the preform length detector 90.
  • the control means 60 controls the setting means 50, particularly the Drive means 54, such that the height of the bottom reflectors 41 13, etc. is equal to the height stored in the storage device 70.
  • blow molding machine 1 of the second embodiment also has the aforementioned advantages of the blow molding machine 1 of the first embodiment.
  • the preform length detecting means 90 is provided instead of the floor reflector detecting means 80 and is part of the determining means.
  • the control of the adjusting device 50 functions analogously to the control described with respect to the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 8 shows a section, in the direction of the arrows A AA along the thick dashed line in Fig. 1, through the first heating module 41 1 of the first heating path 41 according to the third embodiment.
  • the blow molding machine 1 of the third embodiment is largely constructed in the same manner as the blow molding machine 1 of the first embodiment. Therefore, only the differences between the first and third embodiments will be described below. Incidentally, reference is made to the description of the first exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 shows a case where the second transporting device 20 transports longer preforms 3A through the first heating module 41 1.
  • a longer preform 3A is, for example, a preform 3, from which a container 2 or a bottle with a maximum capacity of approximately 1.0 liters is to be formed.
  • FIG. 9 shows a case where the second transporting device 20 transports shorter preforms 3B through the first heating module 41 1.
  • a shorter preform 3B is, for example, a preform 3, from which a container 2 or a bottle with a maximum capacity of approximately 0.5 liter is to be formed.
  • a heating element 41 15 is provided, which is arranged between the bottom B of the preform 3A and the bottom reflector 41 13.
  • This heating element 41 15 also emits infrared radiation in particular as heating radiation and is also called a top emitter.
  • a predetermined distance BM is set between bottom reflector 41 13 and bottom B of preform 3A or 3B, which is optimally adjusted with regard to utilization of the heating radiation of heating element 41 10 and 41 15.
  • the heating element 41 15 mitzuverstellen. This can be done for example via a corresponding rail mechanism on the support system of the heating element 41 15, which is not shown.
  • the blow molding machine 1 of the third embodiment has the same advantages as mentioned above for the blow molding machine 1 of the first embodiment.
  • blow molding machine 1 of the fourth embodiment is largely constructed in the same manner as the blow molding machine 1 of the first embodiment. Therefore, only the differences between the first and fourth embodiments will be described below. Incidentally, reference is made to the description of the first embodiment.
  • the bottom reflector 41 13 of the heating module 41 1 of the fourth embodiment has a 15 adapted to the bottom B of the preform 3 bulge 41 16 in the form of a curve.
  • the geometry of the bottom reflector 41 13 is thus adapted to the geometry of the bottom B of the preform 3.
  • the bottom reflector 41 13 of 20 heating module 41 1 as a bulge 41 16 instead of the rounding also have a V-profile, a W-profile or the like.
  • the geometry of the bottom reflector 41 13 is adapted to the geometry of the bottom B of the preform 3.
  • the bottom reflector 41 13 of this embodiment and its modifications can reflect the radiation emitted by the heating elements 41 10 radiation particularly effectively to the rounded bottom B of the preform 3.
  • an even smaller distance BM between the bottom reflector 41 13 of this embodiment and its modifications and the bottom B of the preform 3 is possible than in the other embodiments. As a result, an even more efficient use of the energy used is realized.
  • Fig. 1 1 shows a section, in opposite to the direction of the arrows A AA along the thick dashed line in Fig. 1, by the first heating module 41 1 of the first heating path 41 according to the fifth embodiment. Accordingly, here the heating elements 41 10 are arranged on the left side in Fig. 1 1. In Fig. 1 1, for clarity, not all heating elements 41 10 are provided with a reference numeral. Also, the blow molding machine 1 of this embodiment is largely constructed in the same manner as the blow molding machine 1 of the first embodiment. Therefore, only the differences between the first and this embodiment will be described below.
  • the counter reflector 41 1 1, the back reflector 41 12 and the bottom reflector 41 13 are each arranged movable to each other by one of the drive means 54, 55, 56 in the direction of arrows PH, PV are driven.
  • the counter reflector 41 1 1, the back reflector 41 12 and the bottom reflector 41 13 are each translationally movable relative to each other.
  • the counter reflector 41 1 1, here is designed so that the bottom reflector 41 13 is inserted at one end into a top recess 57 of a plurality of interposed recesses 57 of the counter reflector 41 1 1.
  • a preform 3 B is held with the spindle 21, wherein in the vicinity of his mouth M M a top reflector 41 14, for example in the form of a mouth M enclosing plate is arranged.
  • the top reflector 41 14 serves to shield the radiation of the heating elements 41 10 against an upward escape from the space formed between the reflectors 41 1 1 to 41 13.
  • the top reflector 41 14 as a shielding be designated.
  • the top reflector 41 14 may be translationally movable, even if this is not shown in Fig. 1 1.
  • the heating straps 41 10 located below the floor reflector 41 13 are switched off during operation. Thus, additional unnecessary power consumption can be prevented.
  • the radiant heater 41 10 together with the back reflector 41 12 and the counter reflector 41 1 1, the bottom reflector 41 13 and the top reflector 41 14 together form a relatively closed heating lane.
  • the reflectors 41 1 1, 41 13, 41 14 and the radiant heaters 41 10 may also be referred to as the boundaries of this Thompsongasse. Due to the adjustability of at least 2 boundaries, so at least one of the reflectors 41 1 1, 41 13, 41 14 and / or the radiant heater 41 10 and the back reflector 41 12 of the heating lane, the heating lane located around the preform 3B can be further reduced.
  • the heating lane can be further reduced.
  • at least two boundaries via a common or two drive means (s) 54, 55, 56 are automatically adjustable.
  • a common drive could be at least two boundaries - in particular the boundary, which is formed by the radiant heater 41 10, and the boundary, which forms the counter reflector 41 1 1 - coupled to each other via a hinge, not shown. It is also conceived, as in the first embodiment, to detect the geometry of a preform 3 or 3A, 3B before the first heating module 41 1, to supply the measurement result to the control device 60 (FIGS. 6 and 7) and based on this Measurement result at least one limit, preferably two, more preferably three limits to adjust automatically.
  • This adjustment is analogous to the adjustment, which is described in detail in the first embodiment with respect to the bottom reflector 41 13. That is to say that in particular by the preform data stored in the storage device 70 (FIGS. 6 and 7), such as the geometry of a preform 3 or 3A, 3B, for example, an automatic and optimal setting with regard to the energy consumption of the radiant heaters 41 10 Reflectors 41 1 1 to 41 14 can be ensured. In principle, however, an adjustment of at least one limit by hand is also possible. Also combinations of an automatic and manual adjustment with different limits are conceivable. It is also possible to make the limits adjustable only in certain areas along the transport path of the preforms 3 and 3A, 3B.
  • FIGS. 12 to 14 in which, for the sake of clarity, not all heating elements 41 10 are provided with a reference numeral, show the process of an adjustment of the reflectors 41 1 1 to 41 13 when changing over from a shorter preform 3B to a longer preform 3A becomes.
  • the bottom reflector 41 13 is inserted here into the lowermost recess 57 of the counter-reflector 41 1. Because of this, a longer preform 3A can now be held by the spindle 21 between the reflectors 41 1 1 to 41 14 and passed between them. As described above, the changeover from a shorter preform 3B to a longer preform 3A can take place in particular automatically or partially automatically on the basis of the preforming data stored in the storage device 70 (FIGS. 6 and 7), in particular their geometries ,
  • the recesses 57 can be made relatively narrow. It would also be conceivable, at least the recesses 57, which are arranged at longer preforms 3A within the Schugasse to close with fillers, not shown.
  • the fillers may also be reflective. With the embodiment shown, collisions can be avoided in a common delivery or movement of the reflectors 41 1 1, 41 12, 41 13, which in particular can be gradual, since the bottom reflector 41 13 in the counter reflector 41 1 1 is retractable.
  • the bottom reflector 41 13 is relative to the counter reflector 41 1 1 movable.
  • the bottom reflector 41 13 is movable relative to the heating elements 41 10.
  • the counter reflector 41 1 1 and the back reflector 41 12 are relatively movable.
  • the counter reflector 41 1 1 and / or the bottom reflector 41 13 can be as far as desired to the respective preforming 3A, 3B approached.
  • Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 each show a variant of the reflectors 41 1 1, 41 12, 41 13, 41 14, in which the counter reflector 41 1 1 is divided into a plurality of segments arranged in a row next to each other or with each other are.
  • the uppermost segment of the counter-reflector 41 1 1 which is arranged in the region of the mouth of the preform 3 B (Fig. 15), 3A (Fig. 16), fixedly arranged in the embodiment shown in Fig. 15 and Fig. 16.
  • the other segments of the counter-reflector 41 1 1 can each be moved with a drive device 56 or one of the drive means 56 individually transversely to the back reflector 41 12 and / or a preform 3 or 3A, 3B, as shown in Fig. 15 and Fig.
  • the attachment of the respective segment of the counter-reflector 41 1 1 to the drive means 56 may be carried out telescopically, as shown in Fig. 15 and Fig. 16. By this movement, a space can be created in which the ground reflector 41 13 along segments of the counter-reflector 41 1 1 can move translationally.
  • the bottom reflector 41 13 can be moved by means of the drive device 54 until it is applied to one of the segments of the counter-reflector 41 1 1 from below, so that a closed-down space around the preform 3A, 3B is formed.
  • not all heating elements 41 10 are provided with a reference numeral for clarity. Also in this way, the bottom reflector 41 13 in the counter reflector 41 1 1, in particular continuously, retract.
  • Fig. 17 shows an alternative embodiment of the reflectors 41 1 1, 41 12, 41 13, 41 14, in which not only the counter reflector 41 1 1 but also the back reflector 41 12 is divided into a plurality of segments in a row next to each other or are arranged one below the other.
  • the counter reflector 41 1 1 is constructed, as described in the sixth embodiment. For reasons of clarity, not all heating elements are shown in FIG. 17
  • the bottom reflector 41 13 can in this case be moved by means of the drive device 54 until it abuts against one of the segments of the counter-reflector 41 1 1 and / or one of the segments of the back reflector 41 12 from below, so that a space closed at the bottom around the Preform 3A, 3B is formed. Also in this way can be switched between the heating of a shorter and a longer preform 3 B, 3A and vice versa.
  • the segments of the counter-reflector 41 1 1 and / or the segments of the back reflector 41 12 can individually be moved as far as desired to the preform 3A, 3B.
  • collisions can be avoided when the reflectors 41 1 1, 41 12, 41 13 are jointly supplied or moved, and this can in particular be stepless. be, since the ground reflector 41 13 in both the counter reflector 41 1 1 and the back reflector 41 12 is retractable.
  • the segments of the counter-reflector 41 1 1 for example, between the segments 41 of the back reflector 41 12, for example, air between the reflectors 41 1 1, 41 12, 41 13, 41 14 are blown, in particular as surface cooling for the preform 3 and 3A , 3B serves.
  • the bottom reflector 41 13 may be configured segmented.
  • the individual segments of the bottom reflector 41 13 can be moved similar to the segments of the counter-reflector 41 1 1 and / or the back reflector 41 12. Otherwise, this embodiment is constructed as described in the sixth embodiment.
  • the reflectors 41 1 1, 41 12, 41 13, 41 14, each show an alternative embodiment of the reflectors 41 1 1, 41 12, 41 13, 41 14, in which the counter reflector 41 1 1 as a flexible element, such as a radiation-reflecting film, a radiation-reflecting film, etc. is formed.
  • the counter reflector 41 1 1 is therefore a bendable reflector.
  • At least the 10 preform 3B facing surface of the counter-reflector 41 1 1 is made in particular of metal.
  • not all heating elements 41 10 are provided with a reference numeral for the sake of clarity.
  • the counter reflector 41 1 1 is arranged in Fig. 18 and Fig. 19 each at its one end to an upper bracket 58. At its other end, the counter reflector 41 1 1 to the bottom reflector 41 13 is arranged. If the bottom reflector 41 13 is now moved translationally upward or downward in FIG. 18, for example by means of the drive device 54, the counter reflector 41 1 1 bends, as shown in FIGS. 18 and 19. Thus, the counter reflector 41 1 1 and the bottom reflector 41 13 are moved together. A movement of the bottom reflector 41 13 causes a movement of the counter reflector 41 1 1.
  • Fig. 20 shows a further variant for a bendable reflector.
  • the counter reflector 41 1 1 is a flexible chain, in which a plurality of segments are connected to each other via a connection 59.
  • not all heating elements 41 10 are provided with a reference numeral for the sake of clarity.
  • the counter-reflector 41 1 1 is arranged at its one end to an upper bracket 58. At its other end, the counter reflector 41 1 1 to the bottom reflector 41 13 is arranged. As a result, the counter reflector 41 1 1 bends, as shown in Fig. 20, when the bottom reflector 41 13, for example by means of the drive means 54, translationally up or down in Fig. 20 is moved, so that it optimally for each preform to be heated. 3 or 3A, 3B is arranged. In particular, the individual segments of the counter-reflector 41 1 1, as shown in Fig. 20 fold. Thus, the counter reflector 41 1 1 and the ground reflector 41 13 are moved together here too.
  • a movement of the bottom reflector 41 13 causes a movement of the counter reflector 41 1 1.
  • collisions in a common delivery or movement of the reflectors 41 1 1, 41 13, which may in particular be continuously variable, can be avoided in this embodiment, since the reflector 41 1 1 is designed to be flexible. Otherwise, this embodiment is constructed as described in the eighth embodiment.
  • the longer preform 3A may be a preform 3, from which a container 2 or a bottle with a maximum capacity of about 1, 5 liters or 2.0 liters is to be formed, while as a shorter preform 3B again a preform 3 is selected from which a container 2 or a bottle should be molded with a maximum capacity of about 0.5 liters.
  • the shorter preform 3B may also be a preform 3, from which a container 2 or a bottle with a maximum capacity of about 0.33 liters or 1, 0 liter is to be formed. Of course, other size ratios are possible.
  • the number of heating elements 41 10 of the heating module 41 1 can be selected as needed.
  • a heating module of the heating modules 41 1 to 417 and 421 to 427 in particular more or fewer heating elements 41 10 shown in the figures can be used.
  • the number of heating modules 41 1 to 417 and 421 to 427 can be selected as needed. More or less heating modules 41 1 to 417 and 421 to 427 shown in the figures can be used.
  • the adjustment of the floor reflectors of the heating sections 41, 42 by means of the adjusting device, in addition to the setting of the heater 40 for heating a special preform 3 or 3A, 3B, as described above, also during heating of preforms 3 and 3A, 3B with the heater 40 are executed.
  • the floor reflectors can be finely adjusted or fine-adjusted, for example, if it is determined with a quality detection device for detecting the quality of heated with the heater 40 preforms 3 or 3A, 3B that the detected quality is not enough.
  • the fine adjustment is preferably also a stepless adjustment.
  • the fine adjustment need not be performed only during heating of preforms 3 and 3A, 3B with the heater 40. It can also be performed when setting up the heating device 40 in addition to a previous setting of the floor reflectors of the heating sections 41, 42.
  • the number and / or size of the segments of the counter-reflector 41 1 1 is arbitrary.
  • the number and / or size of the segments of the back reflector 41 12 is arbitrary. It can also be more than a segment of the counter-reflector 41 1 1 fixed. In addition, at least one segment can be fixedly arranged even in the back reflector 41.
  • all reflectors ie the counter reflector 41 1 1, the back reflector 41 12, the bottom reflector 41 13 and the shielding unit 41 14 adjustable, in particular by a drive means 54, 55, 56 automatically adjustable.
  • the reflectors 41 1 1, 41 12, 41 13, 41 14 can optimally adjust the geometry of the preform 3 to be heated.
  • an automatic adjustment to the preform 3 to be heated by optical recognition of the geometry of the preform 3 to be heated is possible.
  • the heating elements 41 10 can be operated at a constant power, which increases their durability.
  • a temperature control can take place, in particular at the same time, in order to apply an optimum heating profile to the preforms 3 or 3A, 3B.
  • the specification of the setpoint values of the temperature control can additionally take place by means of a further control loop by measuring the wall thickness of the finished blown containers 2 at several heights on the container 2 and the values for controlling the corresponding temperatures at the corresponding heights on the preform 3 or 3A, 3B be supplied. If, for example, the wall thickness in the middle region becomes too thin, the preform 3 or 3A, 3B at the corresponding point was too hot - consequently a reflector located at height in the middle can be set a little further away or the heating element 41 be lowered slightly in the corresponding amount in performance.
  • the drive devices 55, 56 can also be, for example, an electric, pneumatic or electromechanical actuator drive device.
  • the heating device 40 may use radiation other than infrared radiation, which may also be called non-infrared radiation (NIR radiation), for heating the preforms 3.
  • NIR radiation non-infrared radiation
  • the preforms 3 may be arranged in the heater 40 so as to be heated upright or suspended. As a result, the heater 40 is configured accordingly.
  • the heating device 40 for a blow molding machine 1 may also include a heating element 41 10 for radiating radiant heat for heating preforms 3, 3A, 3B, and a reflector 41 1 1 for reflecting radiated by the heating element heating radiation in the direction of the preforms, wherein the reflector 41 1 1 has a flexible variable shape.
  • the reflector may be the counter reflector 41 1 1, which is arranged opposite the heating element 41 10, or the reflector may be made of a flexible material.
  • the heating device 40 for a blow molding machine 1 may also include a heating element 41 10 for emitting heating radiation for heating preforms 3, 3A, 3B, and at least one reflector 41 1 1, 41 12, 41 13 for reflecting heating radiation radiated from the heating element in the direction of the preforms 3, 3A, 3B, wherein at least one reflector 41 1 1, 41 12, 41 13 has segments which are individually adjustable relative to the heating element or the preforms.
  • the reflector may be the counter reflector 41 1 1, which is located opposite the heating element 41 10, or a back reflector 41 12, which is arranged on the side of the heating element, or a bottom reflector 41 13, the transversely to the counter reflector 41 1 first or the back reflector 41 12 is movable.
  • each of the reflectors 41 1 1, 41 12, 41 13 may be arranged in the direction of the first transport direction TR1 of the preforms 3, 3A, 3B or transversely thereto.
  • FIG. 21 shows an embodiment of a device according to the invention. Again, the plastic preform 3 is shown, which is held on a holding device 22.
  • this holding device 22 is here a mandrel, which in an orifice of the
  • Plastic preform engages to keep it this way.
  • the plastic preform is transported in this way in a direction that is perpendicular to the plane of the figure.
  • the reference numeral 12 refers to a heating lane or a heating tunnel, through which the plastic preform is transported. Within this heating tunnel a plurality of heating elements 41 10 are arranged, which - as mentioned above - are infrared tubes.
  • microwave heating elements it would be possible to have individual cavities which lead the plastic preforms occasionally, but they could Also microwave generating devices may be arranged along the transport path shown in Figure 21.
  • Reference symbol B indicates the region along which the cooling medium flows out of the openings 82a,... 82g.
  • This area B extends here exactly in the longitudinal direction L of the plastic preforms. By closing or blocking individual ones of the openings 82a, 82g. Thus, this area can be shortened, so as to achieve an adaptation to shorter plastic preforms.
  • the cooling medium enters the heating lane or the heating tunnel.
  • this area is several ways to extend or shorten this area.
  • the reference numeral 41 13 in turn indicates a ground reflector, the radiation also reflects upwards on the plastic preform and in particular its bottom portion.
  • the reference numeral 24 denotes a support on which the floor reflector 41 13 is arranged.
  • the reference numeral 26 denotes a drive means for moving the carrier and thus also the bottom reflector 41 13. This drive means may be electric motors, but it could also be used as hydraulic or pneumatic drives.
  • the reference numeral 84 denotes the flow cross-section change element, which is here coupled to a movement of the bottom reflector 41 13. In this case, the flow area varying element 84 is fixedly connected to the floor reflector 41 13.
  • the reference numeral 6 designates in its entirety a loading device, which serves for loading here of the plastic preform, but optionally also of reflector elements with cooling air.
  • This loading device 6 has a feed device 8, which here a plurality of the above-mentioned openings 82a - 82g which are arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction L of the plastic preform 3.
  • the reference numeral 62 designates a first fan device, which acts on the space 64 and thus also urges air in the direction of the individual openings 82a-82g.
  • the sections 41 1 1 are at the same time so-called back reflectors, which also limit the Schugasse 12.
  • the reference numeral 41 12 denotes the main reflector, which reflects back from the heating elements 41 10 in the figure to the left radiation back to the plastic preforms.
  • the reference numeral 66 denotes a further blower device, which serves here for acting on an opening region of the plastic preforms with cooling air.
  • this blower 66 urges cooling air into the region 68 and from there via an opening 83 to the mouth region of the plastic preforms.
  • the reference numeral 36 denotes a shielding element which is intended to prevent heat radiation from the mouth region of the plastic preform.
  • the top reflector or the shielding element 36 in this case lets the air through to the threaded or mouth region.
  • the hatched element between the opening 83 and the preform 3 is merely a rod or a permeable sheet which serves to hold the top reflector 36 and which (s) has only a very small extension into the plane of the drawing has. That the air from the fan 66 can flow past the rod in front of and behind the plane of the drawing. In the illustration shown in FIG.
  • a relatively short plastic preform is cooled so that the bottom reflector 41 13 has traveled relatively far upwards and thus already several openings 82 a, 82 b, 82 c and 82 d are covered.
  • the cooling air can pass only on the remaining openings on the now shorter plastic preform 3. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce a blower output of the blower 62, particularly while maintaining the volume flow through the holes 82e-g.
  • the back reflectors 41 1 1 in the longitudinal direction of the preforms are continuous and form, in particular continuous, holes for the exit of the air from the fan 62 in the longitudinal direction of the preforms.
  • FIG. 22 shows a further embodiment of the device according to the invention. It should be noted that features described above with reference to FIG. 21, which are identical to those in FIG. 22 and the following figures, will not be described again.
  • FIG. 23 shows a further embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • the flow cross-section altering element is provided by a plurality of flaps 83a-83g, which can change (for example partially or completely cover) the individual openings 82a-82g associated therewith, depending on the folded position.
  • the position of the bottom reflector 41 13 can be changed again.
  • more or less of the flaps shown here 83a - 83g can be closed.
  • a plurality of flaps is provided, with which the individual openings can be closed or opened.
  • each flap is adjustable by a drive assigned to it.
  • a flap may extend along an entire side (linear, straight region of the furnace, see above).
  • a flap may extend over a plurality of heating boxes arranged in the transport direction (not shown). The continuous extension over a plurality of heating boxes can also be found in the flow cross-section modification element 84 from the other figures.
  • FIG 24 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
  • two different drives 26, 27 are provided for the flow cross-sectional change element 84 and for the floor reflector element 41 13, so that these two elements are not necessarily coupled together. Nevertheless, it would be conceivable that a control-side coupling between these two elements is provided.
  • Figure 25 shows another embodiment of the present invention. While in the foregoing embodiment, the flow area varying element was disposed inside the heating tunnel, in this embodiment, it is outside the heating tunnel and in the pressurizing air space 64 supplied from the blower 62. Also in this embodiment, two separate drives 26, 27 are provided for the flow cross-section change element and the floor reflector element. However, it could also be provided here for a common drive for these two elements.
  • FIG. 26 shows a further embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • a central blower 62 is provided, which supplies both the chamber 64 and the chamber 68 with air.
  • two adjusting elements 35 and 37 are provided, which control the respective amount of air that enters these two areas.
  • the Strömungsqueritessver- altering element 84 and the bottom reflector element 41 13 have two different drives. It should be noted, however, that this embodiment may in turn be combined with the above embodiments, so that there is a coupling between the bottom reflector element and the flow cross-section changing element.
  • the counter-reflector in the transport direction is formed in segments and between the individual segments, the cooling air can be passed into the heating channel.
  • the adjustable reflectors can be moved into a basic position, in which there is no collision between the reflectors and the flow cross-section altering element.
  • a cooling air supply as shown in FIGS. 21-26 may be associated with one or more heating kettles. In particular, there are in any case two such cooling air supply lines for the two straight sections.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (40) pour réchauffer des préformes de matière plastique (3, 3a, 3b), comportant un dispositif de transport (20), qui transporte les préformes de matière plastique (3, 3a, 3b) le long d'un trajet de transport prédéterminé (Tr1, Tr2), comportant un dispositif de réchauffement (411-427), qui réchauffe au moins temporairement les préformes de matière plastique (3, 3a, 3b) et comportant un dispositif d'alimentation (6) qui alimente au moins temporairement des régions des préformes de matière plastique (10) ou du dispositif (1) avec un milieu de refroidissement. Selon l'invention, le dispositif d'alimentation (6) comporte un dispositif d'introduction (8), par lequel le milieu de refroidissement est apte à être introduit dans les régions des préformes de matière plastique (3, 3a, 3b) ou les régions du dispositif (1), ce dispositif d'introduction (8) étant adapté pour introduire le milieu de refroidissement le long d'un domaine (B) prédéterminé s'étendant au moins également dans la direction longitudinale des préformes de matière plastique, ce domaine étant changeable et le dispositif présentant en outre un élément de changement de section transversale d'écoulement (84), au moyen duquel une section transversale d'écoulement du milieu de refroidissement est apte à être changée et également la région (B) est apte à être changée dans la direction longitudinale des préformes de matière plastique (3, 3a, 3b).
EP15728486.0A 2014-06-06 2015-06-08 Dispositif et procédé pour réchauffer des préformes de matière plastique avec un refroidissement de surface réglable Withdrawn EP3152029A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014108048.3A DE102014108048A1 (de) 2014-06-06 2014-06-06 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erwärmen von Kunststoffvorformlingen mit einstellbarer Oberflächenkühlung
PCT/EP2015/062659 WO2015185753A1 (fr) 2014-06-06 2015-06-08 Dispositif et procédé pour réchauffer des préformes de matière plastique avec un refroidissement de surface réglable

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EP3152029A1 true EP3152029A1 (fr) 2017-04-12

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EP (1) EP3152029A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN207327572U (fr)
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WO (1) WO2015185753A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016114739A1 (de) * 2016-08-09 2018-02-15 Krones Ag Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen von Vorformlingen mit mitfahrendem Topstrahler
DE102018111235A1 (de) 2018-05-09 2019-11-14 Krones Ag Vorrichtung zum Umformen von Kunststoffvorformlingen zu Kunststoffbehältnissen mit entkoppelten Antrieben
FR3085296B1 (fr) * 2018-08-28 2020-07-31 Sidel Participations Procede de mesure individuelle de la temperature d'une preforme

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4079104A (en) * 1976-04-16 1978-03-14 Owens-Illinois, Inc. Method for heating plastic articles
FR2561986B1 (fr) * 1984-03-28 1986-09-26 Pont A Mousson Dispositif de chauffage d'ebauches en materiau thermoplastique en vue de former, par soufflage, des corps creux
AT412543B (de) * 2003-11-07 2005-04-25 Kosme Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erwärmen von hohlkörpern
DE102009057021A1 (de) * 2009-11-26 2011-06-01 Khs Corpoplast Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Blasformung von Behältern
DE102010018214A1 (de) * 2010-04-23 2011-10-27 Krones Ag Heizmodul mit Oberflächenkühlung für Vorformlinge
FR2960816B1 (fr) * 2010-06-02 2012-07-13 Sidel Participations Four pour le conditionnement thermique de preformes et procede de commande d'un dispositif de refroidissement par air equipant un tel four
DE102011052899A1 (de) * 2011-08-22 2013-02-28 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Heizeinrichtung und Heizverfahren für Blasmaschine sowie Blasmaschine

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See references of WO2015185753A1 *

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WO2015185753A1 (fr) 2015-12-10
DE102014108048A1 (de) 2015-12-17

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