EP3145291A1 - Curved delimbing blade, use of same, corresponding delimbing head and cutting kit - Google Patents

Curved delimbing blade, use of same, corresponding delimbing head and cutting kit

Info

Publication number
EP3145291A1
EP3145291A1 EP15725841.9A EP15725841A EP3145291A1 EP 3145291 A1 EP3145291 A1 EP 3145291A1 EP 15725841 A EP15725841 A EP 15725841A EP 3145291 A1 EP3145291 A1 EP 3145291A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
cutting edge
ribs
cutting
continuous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15725841.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Guillaume DARGNAT
Céline DEVEMY
Henri-Pascal PELLET
Jean-Christophe Fauroux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Isi Integration & Solutions Industrielles
Original Assignee
Isi Integration & Solutions Industrielles
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Isi Integration & Solutions Industrielles filed Critical Isi Integration & Solutions Industrielles
Publication of EP3145291A1 publication Critical patent/EP3145291A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00—Forestry
    • A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
    • A01G23/095—Delimbers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a curved delimbing blade, a use of this curved blade, a delimbing head provided with at least one such blade, and a cutting kit comprising at least one such blade.
  • the delimbing operation consists in cutting the branches of a tree, after having slaughtered it.
  • the trunk of the tree, thus stripped, can then be transported or debited on site.
  • This operation is implemented by means of a specific machine, called delimbing head.
  • the curved blade of the invention is adapted to equip a head that can either be fixed and disconnect a moving shaft, or be movable and disconnect a fixed shaft.
  • a delimbing head first comprises a body or frame. Different arms, allowing the seizure of the trunk, are articulated on the frame by pivot links, about axes generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the trunk.
  • the head further comprises motorized drive means, wheel or roller type, for moving the trunk along the body.
  • the delimbing itself is achieved thanks to the presence of blades, which are carried by the gripping arms.
  • the blades When the trunk is moved along the head, thanks to the drive means, the blades cut the branches, at their junction with the trunk. We speak of lopping by shock. These blades are called curves in that, seen from the front, ie in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the trunk, they have a curvature. These blades can thus marry the peripheral face of the trunk, in use. Some blades, such as those described in DE-A-10 2011 108813, are corrugated with a serrated cutting edge. Such a configuration limits the planing phenomenon but remains of a complex realization.
  • Curved blades of the prior art have certain disadvantages, particularly related to their lack of efficiency. Indeed, these blades are subject to nuisance jamming phenomena at the time of cutting branches.
  • the invention aims to provide a curved blade for delimbing head, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art described above. It aims to provide such a blade, which gives increased efficiency and productivity to the cutting operation. It aims in particular to provide such a blade, which reduces the cutting forces for a given branch diameter, or which ensures the cutting of a branch of larger diameter for a given thrust.
  • a curved blade delimbing head intended to be mounted on an arm of this head, said blade comprising a cutting edge having an inner face, adjacent to the trunk of the tree in use, and an outer face, this blade further having, in front view, a curvature on a substantial part of its length, characterized in that at least a portion of the cutting edge comprises a continuous sole defining a continuous cutting edge, and at least one row of ribs, the longitudinal axes of which are rectilinear and parallel to one another, extending towards at least one face of the cutting edge, from this continuous soleplate.
  • the blade according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the cutting forces, as compared with a non-ribbed curved blade, as used in the prior art.
  • the continuous edge is associated with ribs whose function is to reduce the lateral bending under load of this continuous edge. It is therefore possible to size the sole and therefore this edge, without risk of rupture, so that it has a reduced contact surface with the shaft, which improves the cutting of the material.
  • the blade according to the invention can be adapted in a simple manner and fast, on existing delimbing heads.
  • such a curved blade may comprise one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the ribs define free edges, or leading edges, which extend in the extension of the continuous cutting edge.
  • the ribs define free edges, or leading edges, which are separated from the continuous cutting edge via a flat.
  • each rib has identical chamfer angles, taken with respect to a main line of the inner face.
  • the ribs are flared opposite the cutting edge, like wedges.
  • the cutting blade has the same radius of curvature throughout its length.
  • the cutting blade has at least two sections having different radii of curvature.
  • the cutting blade consists of several straight sections seen from the front.
  • the cutting blade is monobloc.
  • the cutting blade consists of several separate sections.
  • the cutting blade is made of several different materials.
  • the ribs have a constant width.
  • Part of the blade, in particular its cutting edge, is cured by means of a coating.
  • the ribs are made independently of the blade body, then reported on this body, for example by welding.
  • the cutting blade is provided with at least one visual indicator of wear.
  • the invention also relates to a use of a curved blade as above, to equip a delimbing head.
  • the invention also relates to a delimbing head comprising a frame, several articulated arms on the frame, which are adapted to grip a trunk of a tree, and curved blades fixed on the arms, suitable for cutting branches of the tree, at least one of these blades, preferably a majority of these blades and, preferably, all these blades being as above.
  • At least one curved blade is composed of several sections removably attached to the arm, each section being in particular deformed at the time of attachment to the arm.
  • each section can be manufactured with the same curvature as the arm, and then mounted on it without deformation.
  • two adjacent sections have a covering area, seen from the front.
  • the invention finally relates to a cutting kit comprising at least two blades as above, at least one parameter being different between at least two blades, this parameter being chosen from the group consisting of the length of the cutting edge, the dimensions of the continuous sole, the dimensions of the ribs, the nature of their constituent material.
  • the dimensions of the ribs also designate their shape and their spacing.
  • This kit allows first of all to adapt satisfactorily to different species of wood. Depending on the nature of the treated wood, a blade of this kit, which is suitable for the wood in question, can easily be adapted to the delimbing head.
  • This kit can also be intended for a particular species of wood, for example a so-called “chestnut” kit or an “oak” kit.
  • This kit then has several blades, which can be used appropriately depending in particular on the size of the branches to be cut.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a curved knife positioned in a delimbing head according to the invention.
  • - Figure 2 is a front view, illustrating at another angle the delimbing head of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view, illustrating more precisely a curved blade belonging to the knife of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view illustrating the blade of Figure 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a top view illustrating the blade of Figure 3.
  • FIG. 6 is a front view, illustrating on a larger scale part of the blade shown in Figure 4.
  • FIG. 7 is a view from above, illustrating on a larger scale a portion of the blade shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view along the arrows VIII-VIII in Figure 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional view along the arrows IX-IX in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a front view, similar to Figure 4, illustrating a blade according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 1 1 is a top view, similar to Figure 7, illustrating other forms of ribs of the blade of the invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a sectional view, similar to Figure 9, illustrating a blade provided with a flat, according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view illustrating a blade formed of several sections, according to yet another embodiment of the invention.
  • Figures 14 and 15 are sectional views, similar to Figure 9, further illustrating other forms of ribs of the blade of the invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a sectional view, similar to FIG. 8, illustrating a blade comprising two rows of ribs, according to yet another variant embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a delimbing head according to the invention, which is for example positioned to hang freely, with the trunk it supports, at the end of a cardan not shown.
  • the various geometric terminologies, especially concerning the nature of the views, refer to the mark formed by the head.
  • This delimbing head first comprises, in a manner known per se, a body 1 or frame, shown partially and schematically.
  • This body 1 supports different knives, conventionally intended to grip and unclip the trunk T of a tree, only one of which is illustrated in this figure 1.
  • Each knife comprises an arm 10 and a blade 20, which will be detailed in what follows.
  • the arm 10 is articulated on the body 1, about an axis A10 substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the trunk, in use.
  • Each arm supports a blade 20, which will be described in more detail in the following, which allows to separate a branch B relative to the trunk T supra.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 the orthogonal coordinate system XYZ has been carried, the Z axis corresponding to the main direction of the trunk T.
  • the blade is seen from the front, in particular in FIGS. 4 and 6, along the axis Z. It is top view, particularly in Figures 5 and 7, along the axis X.
  • the blade and the arm form a one-piece assembly. It can also be provided that a portion of the blade has a greater thickness than the rest of this blade. For example, with reference to this FIG. 5, the blade may be thicker in the vicinity of its fixing edge. 40.
  • the lateral edges of the blade 20 one of which 50 is called proximal because it is adjacent to the axis of articulation of the arm, and the other is called terminal.
  • the length of the blade is taken with reference to the longitudinal axis LL connecting these two lateral edges 50 and 60, and the width of the blade is taken in reference to the transverse axis TT connecting the two other edges 30 and 40.
  • the blade according to the invention is said curve in that it is not rectilinear when viewed from the front, namely along the Z axis. In other words, it has a concavity similar to that of the arm 10 which supports it, this concavity being turned towards the trunk of the tree, when the blade is adjacent to this trunk.
  • the blade according to the invention may be continuously curved, for example having an arcuate profile. In the main embodiment, illustrated in Figures 1 to 9, the radius of curvature of the blade is substantially constant over the entire length of the blade.
  • the value of this curvature can be variable along the blade 120.
  • a rectilinear portion 121 a portion 122 to a small radius of curvature, a portion 123 with an intermediate radius of curvature and finally a portion 124 with a high radius of curvature.
  • the presence of these different portions allows the blade to ensure a closer and more precise contact with trunks of different diameters, and thus to limit the heights of residual branches after cutting.
  • the blade according to the invention may consist of several rectilinear blade sections seen from the front.
  • this blade is polygonal. After being made separately, these sections are mutually fixed, for example by welding, so as to define a curvature within the meaning of the invention.
  • the cutting edge 30 will now be described in more detail.
  • Note 30I the inner face of this cutting edge 30, namely that adjacent to the trunk, in use, and 30E its opposite outer face.
  • the cutting edge 30 is ribbed over part of its height, so that it consists of a continuous soleplate 31 (see in particular FIGS. 7 to 9), as well as a succession of ribs 32, which are separated by notches 33.
  • This sole 31 is said to be continuous, namely that it is not interrupted by indentations. It defines a continuous cutting edge A31, chamfered with respect to the main line D1 of the cutting edge.
  • each rib 32 defines a free edge A32, or leading edge, which is also chamfered.
  • the chamfer angles of the edge A31 and each edge A32 are advantageously identical, but may alternatively be different.
  • the areas delimited by the bottom of these indentations, which are parallel to opposite faces 301 and 30E, are noted.
  • a single row of ribs extend towards the outer face 30E of the cutting edge, from the sole 31.
  • the latter defines a portion of the inner face 30I, while the top of the ribs defines a portion of said outer face 30E.
  • each rib extends in the extension of the cutting edge.
  • the base A32 'of each edge A32 coincides with the end A31' of the edge A31, opposite the inner face 30I. This is illustrated in particular in Figure 9, which is a section along one side of the rib (see section line IX-IX in Figure 7).
  • This cutting edge 30 is ribbed over a substantial part of its length.
  • the length of the ribbed zone corresponds to the length between the opposite walls of the two extreme indentations. In the case where there are provided several ribbed sections separated by non-ribbed sections, this length of ribbed zone corresponds to the sum of the lengths of these sections.
  • the length of the ribbed zone is greater than 50% of the total length of the cutting edge.
  • This cutting edge may not be ribbed throughout its length, especially in the vicinity of at least one of its ends, particularly in the case where the end in question is not a cutting zone, but for example a zone of recovery with another knife.
  • each rib 32 is rectangular with a rounded edge.
  • Each notch 33 also has a generally rectangular shape in plan view, with a rear wall 33 'in the shape of a circular arc. As shown in FIG. 8, this wall advantageously has an angle ⁇ 3 of chamfer taken with respect to the main straight line D1 of the inner face 301. This makes it possible to ensure a material outlet for the residual wood chips.
  • 32A and 32B show the lateral walls of a given rib 32, as well as 32 ⁇ and 32'B the side walls of the rib 32 'which is adjacent thereto.
  • the planes of the different lateral walls 32A, 32B, 32 ⁇ and 32'B are substantially parallel to the direction of advance, which is itself substantially parallel to the Z axis.
  • the longitudinal axes Alg of the ribs are rectilinear and parallel to each other, only certain axes being illustrated in Figure 3 for more readability.
  • Such a configuration of the longitudinal axes Alg of the ribs therefore de facto, a similar arrangement of the ribs, optimizes the efficiency of the ribs by reducing the cutting force while strengthening the mechanical strength of the blade.
  • each rib 132 may be flared, namely that its width increases rearwardly, that is to say in the direction of the fixing edge 140. In other words, this rib is then trapezoidal, with a width increasing upwards of this figure.
  • the width of each rib is variable between its base and its free end.
  • each rib is, in cross section, triangular. It is conceivable that, alternatively, the ribs are both trapezoidal and sectional triangular cross section. Under these conditions, the ribs act as "wedges" when they come into contact with the wood fibers. This allows these ribs to pass easily between the wood fibers. This being so, for these trapezoidal ribs and / or triangular cross section, their longitudinal axes are also straight and parallel to each other.
  • the rear wall 133 ⁇ of the notches 133A may be rounded.
  • the rear wall 133'B notches 133B may be straight.
  • the shaft is set in motion by means of not shown drive means, according to the arrow F which is substantially parallel to the axis Z.
  • the cutting edge A31 between then in contact with the branch B to be cut, which causes it to be under load.
  • the ribs prevent the lateral bending of this continuous edge, subjected to the aforementioned stress. It is therefore possible to size the sole 31 and, therefore, this edge A31 to minimize their contact surface with the shaft, while ensuring their mechanical strength.
  • - H31 thickness or height of the sole 31 (see Figure 8): between 1 and 10 mm (millimeters). This range of thicknesses is advantageous because it allows a reduced cutting force.
  • the ribs 32 since the range 35: between 3 and 15 mm (millimeters).
  • This range of thicknesses is advantageous because it makes it possible to increase the mechanical strength of the entire blade. In particular, it limits or even avoids the deflection of the continuous edge of small thickness. The skilled person can adjust the value of this thickness, in particular according to the essence of the tree and the diameter of the branch to be cut.
  • the height H32 is greater than that H31, the ratio H32 / H31 being for example between 1 and 5.
  • transverse dimension, or width I32 of the ribs at the level of their free end: less than 5 mm.
  • transverse dimension, or width 133 of the notches 33 between the free end of two adjacent ribs 32: between 5 and 50 mm.
  • angle a1 of the chamfer of the edge A31 taken with respect to the straight line D1: between 15 and 45 °, preferably close to 30 °.
  • chamfer angle a2 of each edge A32 (see FIG. 9), taken with respect to the straight line D1: between 15 and 45 °, preferably close to 30 °.
  • the values of al and a2 are for example equal.
  • radius of curvature of the rear wall 33 'of each notch close to half the width of the notches, ie (133/2). This makes it possible to obtain a semicircle shape.
  • Figure 12 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the invention, in which the sole 231 projects forward, beyond the free end of the ribs 232 and 235 beaches delimited by the notches.
  • This Figure 12 is similar to Figure 9, that is to say it is a section along a face of a rib.
  • the sole 231 defines a chamfered cutting edge A231 and a flat 238 extending at the same altitude as the beaches.
  • the edges A232 of the ribs 232 therefore do not extend the edge A231, unlike that illustrated in particular in FIG. 9.
  • This flat part 238 can, among other things, provide a visual wear indicator function. .
  • the curved blade of the invention is manufactured from an initial straight blade, not ribbed. This straight blade is then bent, so that it adopts the desired curvatures of the final blade, then it is ribbed by any appropriate method. Alternatively, it is also possible to rib a basic straight blade, before bending it.
  • the blade 320 is formed of several sections 320A to 320D.
  • the blade then forms a complete tool, composed of these different sections. These are fixed on the arm, removably or permanently, by any appropriate means.
  • These sections may have a curvature identical to that of the arm 310 which supports them, but it is also possible that they have a different curvature, or even that they are straight. In the case where they do not have the same curvature as the arm 310, these sections are slightly deformed, at the time of their attachment to this arm.
  • the removable type attachment is advantageous. Under these conditions, it is possible to replace a single section of the blade, rather than the entirety thereof, particularly in the case where the section in question has been damaged or has suffered greater wear than that of the other sections.
  • edges of two neighboring sections are distant, separated by a set J.
  • two neighboring sections overlap, for example in the manner of tiles.
  • the cutting edge then has a continuous character, in front view.
  • the top of the ribs is parallel to the main line D1 of the cutting edge.
  • the top of the ribs 432A is inclined relative to this line Dl.
  • the top of the ribs 432B has a profile in the form of notches or stairs.
  • a single row of ribs extending from the sole to the outer face of the cutting edge.
  • two rows of ribs 532A and 532B can be provided. In this case, these rows extend on either side of the continuous flange 531 towards the opposite faces 530E and 530I.
  • edge A531 defined by this sole 531, has a shape of V, whose tip is turned towards the branch to cut.
  • the free edges of each row of ribs extend this edge A531, in the sense defined with reference to Figure 9.
  • the entire cutting edge is generally symmetrical with respect to a median plane P, which extends horizontally in this figure 16.
  • the top of the ribs of the first row defines a portion of the outer face 530E of the cutting edge 530, while the top of the ribs of the second row defines a portion of its outer face 530I.
  • the ribs of the two rows may be aligned, as in the example of Figure 16. Alternatively, these ribs may be arranged in staggered rows.
  • each zone of the blade is made of a suitable material, depending on the constraints it must undergo.
  • Part of the blade, in particular its cutting edge, may for example be hardened by means of a suitable coating, of a type known per se.
  • each rib can be made of a suitable material.
  • it can be provided to make the ribs independently of the blade body, and then report them by any suitable method, for example by welding.
  • the blade of the invention is provided with at least one visual wear indicator.
  • This indicator may be formed by a longitudinal groove formed on the outer face 30E, near the free end of the continuous edge 31. It can also be formed by a light, connecting the opposite faces of the blade, near this free end. This indicator may also consist of a light formed in the rib proper.
  • the width of the blade is not constant over the entire length thereof.
  • the cutting edge is continuous but it is not rectilinear.
  • Such an edge has at least one relief, namely a hollow or a bump, or even several reliefs identical or not.
  • the cutting edge has a more or less toothed appearance.
  • the body of the blade is itself corrugated, the whether or not the waves are regularly arranged and identical. It is conceivable that these embodiments, toothed ridge and corrugated blade body, can be combined in the same blade, it being understood that, in all cases, the blade is provided with ribs whose longitudinal axes are rectilinear and parallel to each other. Such configurations facilitate cutting for branches of larger section and / or hardwood.
  • the cutting edges, respectively, A631, A731 and A831 are configured in V, similarly to the cutting edge A531 of FIG. 16.
  • the internal faces 630I, 730I blades of the embodiments of Figures 17 and 18 are planar and devoid of ribs. In other words, they are similar to those illustrated in FIGS. 8, 9, 14 and 15.
  • the V-shaped shape of such cutting edges makes it possible to define an undercut that facilitates the movement of the blade not only during cutting but advantageously during its release. Indeed, the presence of a chamfer on each side of the blade acts as a spacer at the level of the wood fibers and facilitates the removal of the blade avoiding the jamming of the latter between the wood fibers.
  • the angle a701 between the edge A731 and an average plane P18 of the blade and the angle a702 between the edge A732 of the rib 732 and the plane P18 are different.
  • the angle a702 is smaller than the angle a701.
  • the angle ⁇ 603, a703 respectively between the lower chamfer 617 or 717 and an average plane P17, P18 of the blade is identical to the angle ⁇ 601, a701.
  • these angles ⁇ 603, a703 and / or ⁇ 601, a701 are different.
  • FIG. 19 illustrates an embodiment with ribs 832A and 832B arranged on both sides of the blade, thus an embodiment similar to that illustrated in FIG. 16.
  • the angles a802A and a802B, with respect to a plane mean P19, respectively ribs 832A and 832B are identical.
  • the angles a802A and a802B are smaller than the angles a801 and a803 of the chamfers 816 and 817, with respect to the plane P19, of the tip A831.
  • these angles a801 and a803 and / or ⁇ 802 ⁇ and a802B are different.

Abstract

The invention relates to a curved blade (20) which includes a cutting edge (30), at least one portion of which includes a continuous flange (31) defining a continuous cutting edge, as well as at least one row of ribs (32), the longitudinal axes (Alg) of which are straight and parallel to one another, extending towards at least one surface of the cutting edge, from said continuous flange. The blade according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the forces required for cutting, compared with a non-ribbed curved blade, such as used in the prior art. Indeed, the continuous edge is connected to ribs that have the function of reducing the lateral load deflection of said continuous edge. Consequently, the flange and the edge can be sized, with no risk of breakage, such as to have a reduced contact surface with the shaft, which improves the cutting of the material.

Description

LAME COURBE D'EBRANCHAGE, SON UTILISATION, TETE D'EBRANCHAGE ET KIT DE COUPE CORRESPONDANTS  CURVE BLADE, USE THEREOF, CORRELATION HEAD AND CORRESPONDING CUTTING KIT
La présente invention concerne une lame courbe d'ébranchage, une utilisation de cette lame courbe, une tête d'ébranchage pourvue d'au moins une telle lame, ainsi qu'un kit de coupe comprenant au moins une telle lame. The present invention relates to a curved delimbing blade, a use of this curved blade, a delimbing head provided with at least one such blade, and a cutting kit comprising at least one such blade.
L'opération d'ébranchage consiste à couper les branches d'un arbre, après l'avoir abattu. Le tronc de l'arbre, ainsi dépouillé, peut alors être transporté ou débité sur place. Cette opération est mise en œuvre au moyen d'une machine spécifique, dénommée tête d'ébranchage. La lame courbe de l'invention est adaptée pour équiper une tête qui peut, soit être fixe et ébrancher un arbre mis en mouvement, soit être mobile et ébrancher un arbre fixe.  The delimbing operation consists in cutting the branches of a tree, after having slaughtered it. The trunk of the tree, thus stripped, can then be transported or debited on site. This operation is implemented by means of a specific machine, called delimbing head. The curved blade of the invention is adapted to equip a head that can either be fixed and disconnect a moving shaft, or be movable and disconnect a fixed shaft.
De façon classique, comme décrit par exemple dans FR 2 794 612, une tête d'ébranchage comprend tout d'abord un corps ou châssis. Différents bras, permettant la saisie du tronc, sont articulés sur le châssis par des liaisons pivot, autour d'axes globalement parallèles à l'axe longitudinal du tronc. La tête comprend en outre des moyens motorisés d'entraînement, de type roues ou galets, permettant de déplacer le tronc le long du corps. L'ébranchage proprement dit est réalisé grâce à la présence de lames, qui sont portées par les bras de saisie.  Conventionally, as described for example in FR 2 794 612, a delimbing head first comprises a body or frame. Different arms, allowing the seizure of the trunk, are articulated on the frame by pivot links, about axes generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the trunk. The head further comprises motorized drive means, wheel or roller type, for moving the trunk along the body. The delimbing itself is achieved thanks to the presence of blades, which are carried by the gripping arms.
Lorsque le tronc est mis en mouvement le long de la tête, grâce aux moyens d'entraînement, les lames assurent la découpe des branches, au niveau de leur jonction avec le tronc. On parle d'ébranchage par choc. Ces lames sont dites courbes en ce sens que, vues de face, c'est à dire dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe du tronc, elles présentent une courbure. Ces lames peuvent ainsi épouser la face périphérique du tronc, en service. Certaines lames, telle celle décrite dans DE-A-10 2011 108813, sont ondulées avec une arête de coupe dentelée. Une telle configuration limite le phénomène de rabotage mais reste d'une réalisation complexe.  When the trunk is moved along the head, thanks to the drive means, the blades cut the branches, at their junction with the trunk. We speak of lopping by shock. These blades are called curves in that, seen from the front, ie in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the trunk, they have a curvature. These blades can thus marry the peripheral face of the trunk, in use. Some blades, such as those described in DE-A-10 2011 108813, are corrugated with a serrated cutting edge. Such a configuration limits the planing phenomenon but remains of a complex realization.
Les lames courbes de l'état de la technique présentent cependant certains inconvénients, liés notamment à leur manque d'efficacité. En effet, ces lames sont sujettes à des phénomènes de coincement intempestif, au moment de la découpe des branches. Curved blades of the prior art, however, have certain disadvantages, particularly related to their lack of efficiency. Indeed, these blades are subject to nuisance jamming phenomena at the time of cutting branches.
On conçoit que ces coincements diminuent tout d'abord la productivité sur le chantier. Ceci oblige en effet l'opérateur à réaliser des manipulations supplémentaires, afin d'achever l'ébranchage. De plus ces coincements s'accompagnent d'un effort de coupe important, à l'origine de problèmes de tenue mécanique des pièces, qui peut également induire une usure prématurée de la lame.  We understand that these jams first of all reduce the productivity on the site. This forces the operator to perform additional manipulations to complete delimbing. Moreover these jams are accompanied by a significant cutting force, causing mechanical strength problems of parts, which can also induce premature wear of the blade.
Dans ces conditions, l'invention vise à proposer une lame courbe, pour tête d'ébranchage, qui permet de remédier aux inconvénients de l'art antérieur décrits ci-dessus. Elle vise à proposer une telle lame, qui confère une efficacité et une productivité accrues à l'opération de découpe. Elle vise en particulier à proposer une telle lame, qui permet de réduire les efforts de coupe pour un diamètre de branche donné, ou qui assure la coupe d'une branche de plus grand diamètre pour une poussée donnée.  Under these conditions, the invention aims to provide a curved blade for delimbing head, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art described above. It aims to provide such a blade, which gives increased efficiency and productivity to the cutting operation. It aims in particular to provide such a blade, which reduces the cutting forces for a given branch diameter, or which ensures the cutting of a branch of larger diameter for a given thrust.
A cet effet elle a pour objet une lame courbe pour tête d'ébranchage, destinée à être montée sur un bras de cette tête, ladite lame comprenant un bord de coupe possédant une face intérieure, adjacente au tronc de l'arbre en service, et une face extérieure, cette lame présentant en outre, en vue de face, une courbure sur une partie substantielle de sa longueur, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une partie du bord de coupe comprend une semelle continue définissant une arête continue de coupe, ainsi qu'au moins une rangée de nervures, dont les axes longitudinaux sont rectilignes et parallèles entre eux, s'étendant en direction d'au moins une face du bord de coupe, à partir de cette semelle continue.  For this purpose it relates to a curved blade delimbing head, intended to be mounted on an arm of this head, said blade comprising a cutting edge having an inner face, adjacent to the trunk of the tree in use, and an outer face, this blade further having, in front view, a curvature on a substantial part of its length, characterized in that at least a portion of the cutting edge comprises a continuous sole defining a continuous cutting edge, and at least one row of ribs, the longitudinal axes of which are rectilinear and parallel to one another, extending towards at least one face of the cutting edge, from this continuous soleplate.
La lame conforme à l'invention permet de réduire les efforts de coupe, par comparaison avec une lame courbe non nervurée, telle qu'utilisée dans l'art antérieur.  The blade according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the cutting forces, as compared with a non-ribbed curved blade, as used in the prior art.
En effet, selon l'invention, l'arête continue est associée à des nervures qui ont pour fonction de réduire la flexion latérale sous charge de cette arête continue. Il est donc possible de dimensionner la semelle et par conséquent cette arête, sans risque de rupture, afin que celle-ci présente une surface de contact réduite avec l'arbre, ce qui améliore la découpe de la matière.  Indeed, according to the invention, the continuous edge is associated with ribs whose function is to reduce the lateral bending under load of this continuous edge. It is therefore possible to size the sole and therefore this edge, without risk of rupture, so that it has a reduced contact surface with the shaft, which improves the cutting of the material.
De plus la lame conforme à l'invention peut être adaptée, de façon simple et rapide, sur des têtes d'ébranchage existantes. In addition, the blade according to the invention can be adapted in a simple manner and fast, on existing delimbing heads.
Selon des aspects avantageux mais non obligatoires de l'invention, une telle lame courbe peut comprendre une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes:  According to advantageous but non-mandatory aspects of the invention, such a curved blade may comprise one or more of the following characteristics:
- les nervures définissent des arêtes libres, ou arêtes d'attaque, qui s'étendent dans le prolongement de l'arête continue de coupe.  - The ribs define free edges, or leading edges, which extend in the extension of the continuous cutting edge.
- Les nervures définissent des arêtes libres, ou arêtes d'attaque, qui sont séparées de l'arête continue de coupe par l'intermédiaire d'un méplat.  - The ribs define free edges, or leading edges, which are separated from the continuous cutting edge via a flat.
- Il est prévu une unique rangée de nervures qui s'étendent en direction de ladite face extérieure du bord de coupe.  - There is provided a single row of ribs which extend towards said outer face of the cutting edge.
- Il est prévu deux rangées de nervures s'étendant en direction des faces respectivement extérieure et intérieure du bord de coupe. - There are two rows of ribs extending towards the outer and inner faces respectively of the cutting edge.
- L'arête continue de coupe et l'arête libre de chaque nervure possèdent des angles de chanfrein identiques, pris par rapport à une droite principale de la face intérieure. - The continuous cutting edge and the free edge of each rib have identical chamfer angles, taken with respect to a main line of the inner face.
- Les nervures sont évasées à l'opposé du bord de coupe, à la manière de coins. - La lame de coupe présente le même rayon de courbure sur toute sa longueur. - The ribs are flared opposite the cutting edge, like wedges. - The cutting blade has the same radius of curvature throughout its length.
- La lame de coupe possède au moins deux tronçons présentant des rayons de courbure différents.  - The cutting blade has at least two sections having different radii of curvature.
- La lame de coupe est constituée de plusieurs tronçons rectilignes, vus de face. - The cutting blade consists of several straight sections seen from the front.
- La lame de coupe est monobloc. - The cutting blade is monobloc.
- La lame de coupe est constituée de plusieurs tronçons séparés. - The cutting blade consists of several separate sections.
- La lame de coupe est réalisée en plusieurs matériaux différents.  - The cutting blade is made of several different materials.
- Les nervures présentent une largeur constante.  - The ribs have a constant width.
- Une partie de la lame, en particulier son bord de coupe, est durcie au moyen d'un revêtement.  Part of the blade, in particular its cutting edge, is cured by means of a coating.
- Les nervures sont réalisées indépendamment du corps de lame, puis rapportées sur ce corps, par exemple par soudage. - The ribs are made independently of the blade body, then reported on this body, for example by welding.
- La lame de coupe est munie d'au moins un témoin visuel d'usure.  - The cutting blade is provided with at least one visual indicator of wear.
L'invention a aussi pour objet une utilisation d'une lame courbe telle que ci-dessus, pour équiper une tête d'ébranchage.  The invention also relates to a use of a curved blade as above, to equip a delimbing head.
L'invention a aussi pour objet une tête d'ébranchage comprenant un châssis, plusieurs bras articulés sur le châssis, qui sont propres à saisir un tronc d'un arbre, et des lames courbes fixées sur les bras, propres à découper des branches de l'arbre, au moins une de ces lames, de préférence une majorité de ces lames et, encore de préférence, toutes ces lames étant telles que ci-dessus. The invention also relates to a delimbing head comprising a frame, several articulated arms on the frame, which are adapted to grip a trunk of a tree, and curved blades fixed on the arms, suitable for cutting branches of the tree, at least one of these blades, preferably a majority of these blades and, preferably, all these blades being as above.
De façon avantageuse, au moins une lame courbe est composée de plusieurs tronçons fixés de manière amovible sur le bras, chaque tronçon étant notamment déformé au moment de sa fixation sur le bras. En variante, chaque tronçon peut être fabriqué avec la même courbure que le bras, puis être monté sur celui-ci sans déformation.  Advantageously, at least one curved blade is composed of several sections removably attached to the arm, each section being in particular deformed at the time of attachment to the arm. Alternatively, each section can be manufactured with the same curvature as the arm, and then mounted on it without deformation.
De façon avantageuse, une fois que ces tronçons sont fixés sur le bras, deux tronçons adjacents possèdent une zone de recouvrement, vus de face.  Advantageously, once these sections are fixed on the arm, two adjacent sections have a covering area, seen from the front.
L'invention a enfin pour objet un kit de coupe comprenant au moins deux lames telles que ci-dessus, au moins un paramètre étant différent entre au moins deux lames, ce paramètre étant choisi dans le groupe constitué par la longueur du bord de coupe, les dimensions de la semelle continue, les dimensions des nervures, la nature de leur matériau constitutif.  The invention finally relates to a cutting kit comprising at least two blades as above, at least one parameter being different between at least two blades, this parameter being chosen from the group consisting of the length of the cutting edge, the dimensions of the continuous sole, the dimensions of the ribs, the nature of their constituent material.
Les dimensions des nervures désignent également leur forme, ainsi que leur écartement.  The dimensions of the ribs also designate their shape and their spacing.
Ce kit permet tout d'abord de s'adapter de façon satisfaisante à différentes essences de bois. En fonction de l'essence du bois traité, on peut facilement adapter sur la tête d'ébranchage une lame de ce kit, qui est appropriée au bois considéré.  This kit allows first of all to adapt satisfactorily to different species of wood. Depending on the nature of the treated wood, a blade of this kit, which is suitable for the wood in question, can easily be adapted to the delimbing head.
Ce kit peut également être destiné à une essence particulière de bois, par exemple un kit dit « châtaigner » ou un kit dit « chêne ». Ce kit présente alors plusieurs lames, susceptibles d'être utilisées de façon appropriée en fonction notamment de la taille des branches à couper.  This kit can also be intended for a particular species of wood, for example a so-called "chestnut" kit or an "oak" kit. This kit then has several blades, which can be used appropriately depending in particular on the size of the branches to be cut.
L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:  The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
- La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un couteau courbe positionné dans une tête d'ébranchage conforme à l'invention. - La figure 2 est une vue de face, illustrant sous un autre angle la tête d'ébranchage de la figure 1 . - Figure 1 is a perspective view of a curved knife positioned in a delimbing head according to the invention. - Figure 2 is a front view, illustrating at another angle the delimbing head of Figure 1.
- La figure 3 est une vue en perspective, illustrant plus précisément une lame courbe appartenant au couteau de la figure 1 .  FIG. 3 is a perspective view, illustrating more precisely a curved blade belonging to the knife of FIG. 1.
- La figure 4 est une vue de face illustrant la lame de la figure 3.  - Figure 4 is a front view illustrating the blade of Figure 3.
- La figure 5 est une vue de dessus illustrant la lame de la figure 3.  - Figure 5 is a top view illustrating the blade of Figure 3.
- La figure 6 est une vue de face, illustrant à plus grande échelle une partie de la lame montrée à la figure 4.  - Figure 6 is a front view, illustrating on a larger scale part of the blade shown in Figure 4.
- La figure 7 est une vue de dessus, illustrant à plus grande échelle une partie de la lame montrée à la figure 5.  FIG. 7 is a view from above, illustrating on a larger scale a portion of the blade shown in FIG. 5.
- La figure 8 est une vue en coupe selon les flèches VIII-VIII à la figure 7.  - Figure 8 is a sectional view along the arrows VIII-VIII in Figure 7.
- La figure 9 est une vue en coupe selon les flèches IX-IX à la figure 7.  FIG. 9 is a sectional view along the arrows IX-IX in FIG.
- La figure 10 est une vue de face, analogue à la figure 4, illustrant une lame conforme à une variante de réalisation de l'invention.  - Figure 10 is a front view, similar to Figure 4, illustrating a blade according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
- La figure 1 1 est une vue de dessus, analogue à la figure 7, illustrant d'autres formes de nervures de la lame de l'invention.  - Figure 1 1 is a top view, similar to Figure 7, illustrating other forms of ribs of the blade of the invention.
- La figure 12 est une vue en coupe, analogue à la figure 9, illustrant une lame pourvue d'un méplat, selon une autre variante de réalisation de l'invention.  - Figure 12 is a sectional view, similar to Figure 9, illustrating a blade provided with a flat, according to another embodiment of the invention.
- La figure 13 est une vue en perspective illustrant une lame formée de plusieurs tronçons, selon encore une autre variante de réalisation de l'invention.  - Figure 13 is a perspective view illustrating a blade formed of several sections, according to yet another embodiment of the invention.
- Les figures 14 et 15 sont des vues en coupe, analogues à la figure 9, illustrant encore d'autres formes de nervures de la lame de l'invention.  - Figures 14 and 15 are sectional views, similar to Figure 9, further illustrating other forms of ribs of the blade of the invention.
- La figure 16 est une vue en coupe, analogue à la figure 8, illustrant une lame comprenant deux rangées de nervures, selon encore une autre variante de réalisation de l'invention et  FIG. 16 is a sectional view, similar to FIG. 8, illustrating a blade comprising two rows of ribs, according to yet another variant embodiment of the invention;
- les figures 17 à 19 sont des vues en coupe, analogues à la figure 16, d'autres modes de réalisation de l'invention.  - Figures 17 to 19 are sectional views, similar to Figure 16, other embodiments of the invention.
Dans la présente description, les éléments mécaniques du mode de réalisation principal, illustré en référence aux figures 1 à 9, sont affectés des références 1 à 70. Sur les figures 10 et suivantes, qui illustrent des variantes de réalisation de l'invention, les éléments mécaniques analogues à ceux des figures 1 à 9 y sont affectés des mêmes références, augmentées respectivement de 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 et 800. In the present description, the mechanical elements of the main embodiment, illustrated with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9, are assigned references 1 to 70. In FIG. 10 and following, which illustrate alternative embodiments of the invention, the mechanical elements similar to those of FIGS. 1 to 9 are assigned the same references, increased respectively by 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 and 800.
La figure 1 illustre une tête d'ébranchage conforme à l'invention, qui est par exemple positionnée pour pendre librement, avec le tronc qu'elle supporte, au bout d'un cardan non représenté. Dans la présente description, les différentes terminologies géométriques, concernant notamment la nature des vues, font référence au repère formé par la tête.  Figure 1 illustrates a delimbing head according to the invention, which is for example positioned to hang freely, with the trunk it supports, at the end of a cardan not shown. In the present description, the various geometric terminologies, especially concerning the nature of the views, refer to the mark formed by the head.
Cette tête d'ébranchage comprend tout d'abord, de façon connue en soi, un corps 1 ou châssis, représenté de façon partielle et schématique. Ce corps 1 supporte différents couteaux, destinés de manière classique à enserrer et ébrancher le tronc T d'un arbre, dont un seul 5 est illustré sur cette figure 1 . Chaque couteau comprend un bras 10 et une lame 20, qui vont être détaillés dans ce qui suit.  This delimbing head first comprises, in a manner known per se, a body 1 or frame, shown partially and schematically. This body 1 supports different knives, conventionally intended to grip and unclip the trunk T of a tree, only one of which is illustrated in this figure 1. Each knife comprises an arm 10 and a blade 20, which will be detailed in what follows.
Le bras 10 est articulé sur le corps 1 , autour d'un axe A10 sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du tronc, en service. Chaque bras supporte une lame 20, qui va être décrite plus en détail dans ce qui suit, laquelle permet de séparer une branche B par rapport au tronc T précité.  The arm 10 is articulated on the body 1, about an axis A10 substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the trunk, in use. Each arm supports a blade 20, which will be described in more detail in the following, which allows to separate a branch B relative to the trunk T supra.
Sur les figures 1 et 2, on a porté le repère orthogonal XYZ, l'axe Z correspondant à la direction principale du tronc T. La lame est vue de face, notamment aux figures 4 et 6, selon l'axe Z. Elle est vue de dessus, notamment aux figures 5 et 7, selon l'axe X.  In FIGS. 1 and 2, the orthogonal coordinate system XYZ has been carried, the Z axis corresponding to the main direction of the trunk T. The blade is seen from the front, in particular in FIGS. 4 and 6, along the axis Z. It is top view, particularly in Figures 5 and 7, along the axis X.
En référence notamment à la figure 5, on note 30 le bord de coupe de la lame 20, lequel sera décrit plus en détail dans ce qui suit. On note en outre 40, son bord de fixation sur le bras 10. Dans l'exemple illustré ce bord 40 est creusé de différents orifices 42, permettant le passage de moyens de fixation non représentés. Cette fixation peut être de type amovible ou permanent.  With particular reference to Figure 5, we note the cutting edge of the blade 20, which will be described in more detail in what follows. Note 40, its fixing edge on the arm 10. In the illustrated example this edge 40 is hollowed out with different orifices 42, allowing the passage of not shown fastening means. This attachment may be removable or permanent type.
A titre de variante, on peut aussi prévoir que la lame et le bras forment un ensemble monobloc. On peut également prévoir qu'une partie de la lame possède une épaisseur plus importante, que le reste de cette lame. Par exemple, en référence à cette figure 5, la lame peut être plus épaisse au voisinage de son bord de fixation 40. Alternatively, it is also possible that the blade and the arm form a one-piece assembly. It can also be provided that a portion of the blade has a greater thickness than the rest of this blade. For example, with reference to this FIG. 5, the blade may be thicker in the vicinity of its fixing edge. 40.
Enfin on note 50 et 60 les bords latéraux de la lame 20, dont l'un 50 est dénommé proximal car il est adjacent à l'axe d'articulation du bras, et l'autre est dénommé terminal. La longueur de la lame est prise en référence à l'axe longitudinal LL reliant ces deux bords latéraux 50 et 60, et la largeur de la lame est prise en référence à l'axe transversal TT reliant les deux autres bords 30 et 40.  Finally there are 50 and 60 the lateral edges of the blade 20, one of which 50 is called proximal because it is adjacent to the axis of articulation of the arm, and the other is called terminal. The length of the blade is taken with reference to the longitudinal axis LL connecting these two lateral edges 50 and 60, and the width of the blade is taken in reference to the transverse axis TT connecting the two other edges 30 and 40.
La lame conforme à l'invention est dite courbe en ce sens qu'elle n'est pas rectiligne quand elle est vue de face, à savoir selon l'axe Z. En d'autres termes, elle possède une concavité analogue à celle du bras 10 qui la supporte, cette concavité étant tournée vers le tronc de l'arbre, lorsque la lame est adjacente à ce tronc. La lame conforme à l'invention peut être continûment courbe, en possédant par exemple un profil en arc de cercle. Dans le mode de réalisation principal, illustré sur les figures 1 à 9, le rayon de courbure de la lame est sensiblement constant sur l'ensemble de la longueur de cette dernière.  The blade according to the invention is said curve in that it is not rectilinear when viewed from the front, namely along the Z axis. In other words, it has a concavity similar to that of the arm 10 which supports it, this concavity being turned towards the trunk of the tree, when the blade is adjacent to this trunk. The blade according to the invention may be continuously curved, for example having an arcuate profile. In the main embodiment, illustrated in Figures 1 to 9, the radius of curvature of the blade is substantially constant over the entire length of the blade.
Cependant, à titre de variante illustrée à la figure 10, on peut prévoir que la valeur de cette courbure est variable le long de la lame 120. Ainsi on retrouve successivement, depuis le bord proximal 150, une portion rectiligne 121 , une portion 122 à faible rayon de courbure, une portion 123 à rayon de courbure intermédiaire et enfin une portion 124 à rayon de courbure élevé. La présence de ces différentes portions permet à la lame d'assurer un contact plus proche et plus précis avec des troncs de différents diamètres, et ainsi de limiter les hauteurs de branches résiduelles après coupe.  However, as a variant illustrated in FIG. 10, provision can be made for the value of this curvature to be variable along the blade 120. Thus, successively, from the proximal edge 150, there is a rectilinear portion 121, a portion 122 to a small radius of curvature, a portion 123 with an intermediate radius of curvature and finally a portion 124 with a high radius of curvature. The presence of these different portions allows the blade to ensure a closer and more precise contact with trunks of different diameters, and thus to limit the heights of residual branches after cutting.
A titre de variante non représentée, la lame conforme à l'invention peut être constituée de plusieurs tronçons de lame rectilignes, vus de face. En d'autres termes, cette lame est polygonale. Après avoir été réalisés séparément, ces tronçons sont fixés mutuellement, par exemple par soudage, de façon à définir une courbure au sens de l'invention.  As a variant not shown, the blade according to the invention may consist of several rectilinear blade sections seen from the front. In other words, this blade is polygonal. After being made separately, these sections are mutually fixed, for example by welding, so as to define a curvature within the meaning of the invention.
En référence notamment aux figures 3 à 9, le bord de coupe 30 va maintenant être décrit plus en détail. On note 30I la face intérieure de ce bord de coupe 30, à savoir celle adjacente au tronc, en service, et 30E sa face extérieure opposée. Le bord de coupe 30 est nervuré sur une partie de sa hauteur, de sorte qu'il se compose d'une semelle continue 31 (voir notamment figures 7 à 9), ainsi que d'une succession de nervures 32, qui sont séparées par des échancrures 33. Cette semelle 31 est dite continue, à savoir qu'elle n'est pas interrompue par des échancrures. Elle définit une arête de coupe continue A31 , chanfreinée par rapport à la droite principale Dl du bord de coupe. With reference in particular to Figures 3 to 9, the cutting edge 30 will now be described in more detail. Note 30I the inner face of this cutting edge 30, namely that adjacent to the trunk, in use, and 30E its opposite outer face. The cutting edge 30 is ribbed over part of its height, so that it consists of a continuous soleplate 31 (see in particular FIGS. 7 to 9), as well as a succession of ribs 32, which are separated by notches 33. This sole 31 is said to be continuous, namely that it is not interrupted by indentations. It defines a continuous cutting edge A31, chamfered with respect to the main line D1 of the cutting edge.
Par ailleurs, chaque nervure 32 définit une arête libre A32, ou arête d'attaque, qui est également chanfreinée. Comme cela sera décrit plus en détail dans ce qui suit, les angles de chanfrein de l'arête A31 et de chaque arête A32 sont avantageusement identiques, mais peuvent en variante être différents. On note en outre 35 les plages délimitées par le fond de ces échancrures, qui sont parallèles aux faces opposées 301 et 30E.  Furthermore, each rib 32 defines a free edge A32, or leading edge, which is also chamfered. As will be described in more detail in the following, the chamfer angles of the edge A31 and each edge A32 are advantageously identical, but may alternatively be different. In addition, the areas delimited by the bottom of these indentations, which are parallel to opposite faces 301 and 30E, are noted.
Dans le mode de réalisation principal des figures 1 à 9, il est prévu une unique rangée de nervures. Ces dernières s'étendent en direction de la face extérieure 30E du bord de coupe, depuis la semelle 31 . Cette dernière définit une partie de la face intérieure 30I, alors que le sommet des nervures définit une partie de ladite face extérieure 30E.  In the main embodiment of Figures 1 to 9, there is provided a single row of ribs. The latter extend towards the outer face 30E of the cutting edge, from the sole 31. The latter defines a portion of the inner face 30I, while the top of the ribs defines a portion of said outer face 30E.
En outre, dans cet exemple, l'arête libre de chaque nervure s'étend dans le prolongement de l'arête de coupe. En d'autres termes, la base A32' de chaque arête A32 coïncide avec l'extrémité A31 ' de l'arête A31 , opposée à la face intérieure 30I. Ceci est illustré en particulier à la figure 9, qui est une coupe le long d'une face de la nervure (voir la ligne de coupe IX-IX sur la figure 7).  In addition, in this example, the free edge of each rib extends in the extension of the cutting edge. In other words, the base A32 'of each edge A32 coincides with the end A31' of the edge A31, opposite the inner face 30I. This is illustrated in particular in Figure 9, which is a section along one side of the rib (see section line IX-IX in Figure 7).
On notera que, sur la figure 8, il y a un décalage entre les arêtes A31 et A32. Ceci est uniquement dû au fait que l'extrémité libre du bord de coupe, située en partie basse de la figure 7, n'est pas perpendiculaire à la ligne de coupe VIII-VIII, selon laquelle est prise cette figure 8.  Note that in Figure 8, there is a shift between the edges A31 and A32. This is only due to the fact that the free end of the cutting edge, situated in the lower part of FIG. 7, is not perpendicular to the section line VIII-VIII, according to which this figure 8 is taken.
Ce bord de coupe 30 est nervuré sur une partie substantielle de sa longueur. La longueur de la zone nervurée correspond à la longueur entre les parois opposées des deux échancrures extrêmes. Dans le cas où il est prévu plusieurs tronçons nervurés séparés par des tronçons non nervurés, cette longueur de zone nervurée correspond à la somme des longueurs de ces tronçons. This cutting edge 30 is ribbed over a substantial part of its length. The length of the ribbed zone corresponds to the length between the opposite walls of the two extreme indentations. In the case where there are provided several ribbed sections separated by non-ribbed sections, this length of ribbed zone corresponds to the sum of the lengths of these sections.
De façon avantageuse, la longueur de la zone nervurée est supérieure à 50% de la longueur totale du bord de coupe. Ce bord de coupe peut ne pas être nervuré sur toute sa longueur, notamment au voisinage d'au moins une ses extrémités, en particulier dans le cas où l'extrémité considérée n'est pas une zone de coupe, mais par exemple une zone de recouvrement avec un autre couteau.  Advantageously, the length of the ribbed zone is greater than 50% of the total length of the cutting edge. This cutting edge may not be ribbed throughout its length, especially in the vicinity of at least one of its ends, particularly in the case where the end in question is not a cutting zone, but for example a zone of recovery with another knife.
Comme visible notamment à la figure 7, vue de dessus, chaque nervure 32 est rectangulaire à bord arrondi. Chaque échancrure 33 présente aussi une forme globalement rectangulaire en vue de dessus, avec une paroi arrière 33' en forme d'arc de cercle. Comme montré en figure 8, cette paroi possède avantageusement un angle a3 de chanfrein pris par rapport à la droite principale Dl de la face intérieure 301. Ceci permet d'assurer une sortie de matière, pour les copeaux de bois résiduels.  As can be seen in particular in FIG. 7, seen from above, each rib 32 is rectangular with a rounded edge. Each notch 33 also has a generally rectangular shape in plan view, with a rear wall 33 'in the shape of a circular arc. As shown in FIG. 8, this wall advantageously has an angle α3 of chamfer taken with respect to the main straight line D1 of the inner face 301. This makes it possible to ensure a material outlet for the residual wood chips.
De plus, en référence à la figure 6, on note 32A et 32B les parois latérales d'une nervure donnée 32, ainsi que 32Ά et 32'B les parois latérales de la nervure 32' qui lui est adjacente. Dans cet exemple, les plans des différentes parois latérales 32A, 32B, 32Ά et 32'B sont sensiblement parallèles à la direction d'avance, laquelle est elle-même sensiblement parallèle à l'axe Z.  In addition, with reference to FIG. 6, 32A and 32B show the lateral walls of a given rib 32, as well as 32Ά and 32'B the side walls of the rib 32 'which is adjacent thereto. In this example, the planes of the different lateral walls 32A, 32B, 32Ά and 32'B are substantially parallel to the direction of advance, which is itself substantially parallel to the Z axis.
Dans tous les cas, quel que soit le nombre, l'implantation et/ou la configuration des nervures, les axes longitudinaux Alg des nervures sont rectilignes et parallèles entre eux, seuls certains axes étant illustrés à la figure 3 pour plus de lisibilité.  In all cases, whatever the number, the location and / or the configuration of the ribs, the longitudinal axes Alg of the ribs are rectilinear and parallel to each other, only certain axes being illustrated in Figure 3 for more readability.
Une telle configuration des axes longitudinaux Alg des nervures, donc de facto, une disposition similaire des nervures, permet d'optimiser l'efficacité des nervures en diminuant l'effort de coupe tout en renforçant la résistance mécanique de la lame.  Such a configuration of the longitudinal axes Alg of the ribs, therefore de facto, a similar arrangement of the ribs, optimizes the efficiency of the ribs by reducing the cutting force while strengthening the mechanical strength of the blade.
A titre de variante représentée à la figure 11 , chaque nervure 132 peut être évasée, à savoir que sa largeur augmente vers l'arrière, c'est-à-dire en direction du bord de fixation 140. En d'autres termes, cette nervure est alors trapézoïdale, avec une largeur augmentant vers le haut de cette figure. Dans un autre mode de réalisation, la largeur de chaque nervure est variable entre sa base et son extrémité libre. En d'autres termes, chaque nervure est, en section transversale, triangulaire. On conçoit que, en variante, les nervures sont à la fois trapézoïdales et à section transversale triangulaire. Dans ces conditions, les nervures agissent à la manière de « coins » lorsqu'elles entrent en contact avec les fibres du bois. Ceci permet à ces nervures de passer aisément entre les fibres du bois. Ceci étant, pour ces nervures trapézoïdales et/ou à section transversale triangulaire, leurs axes longitudinaux sont également rectilignes et parallèles entre eux. As a variant shown in FIG. 11, each rib 132 may be flared, namely that its width increases rearwardly, that is to say in the direction of the fixing edge 140. In other words, this rib is then trapezoidal, with a width increasing upwards of this figure. In another embodiment, the width of each rib is variable between its base and its free end. In other words, each rib is, in cross section, triangular. It is conceivable that, alternatively, the ribs are both trapezoidal and sectional triangular cross section. Under these conditions, the ribs act as "wedges" when they come into contact with the wood fibers. This allows these ribs to pass easily between the wood fibers. This being so, for these trapezoidal ribs and / or triangular cross section, their longitudinal axes are also straight and parallel to each other.
Comme montré à gauche de cette figure 11 , la paroi arrière 133Ά des échancrures 133A peut être arrondie. En variante, comme montré à droite de cette figure, la paroi arrière 133'B des échancrures 133B peut être rectiligne.  As shown to the left of this figure 11, the rear wall 133Ά of the notches 133A may be rounded. Alternatively, as shown to the right of this figure, the rear wall 133'B notches 133B may be straight.
En service, comme le montre la figure 1 , l'arbre est mis en mouvement par l'intermédiaire des moyens d'entraînement non représentés, selon la flèche F qui est sensiblement parallèle à l'axe Z. L'arête de coupe A31 entre alors en contact avec la branche B à découper, ce qui provoque sa mise sous charge. Parallèlement, les nervures empêchent la flexion latérale de cette arête continue, soumise à la contrainte précitée. Il est donc possible de dimensionner la semelle 31 et, par conséquent, cette arête A31 afin de minimiser leur surface de contact avec l'arbre, tout en garantissant leur tenue mécanique.  In use, as shown in Figure 1, the shaft is set in motion by means of not shown drive means, according to the arrow F which is substantially parallel to the axis Z. The cutting edge A31 between then in contact with the branch B to be cut, which causes it to be under load. In parallel, the ribs prevent the lateral bending of this continuous edge, subjected to the aforementioned stress. It is therefore possible to size the sole 31 and, therefore, this edge A31 to minimize their contact surface with the shaft, while ensuring their mechanical strength.
Les valeurs numériques suivantes, relatives aux différents éléments mécaniques du bord de coupe, sont données ci-après à titre indicatif :  The following numerical values, relating to the different mechanical elements of the cutting edge, are given hereafter as an indication:
- épaisseur ou hauteur H31 de la semelle 31 (voir figure 8): entre 1 et 10 mm (millimètres). Cette gamme d'épaisseurs est avantageuse, car elle permet un effort de coupe réduit.  - H31 thickness or height of the sole 31 (see Figure 8): between 1 and 10 mm (millimeters). This range of thicknesses is advantageous because it allows a reduced cutting force.
- épaisseur ou hauteur H32 des nervures 32 (voir figure 9), depuis la plage 35: entre 3 et 15 mm (millimètres). Cette gamme d'épaisseurs est avantageuse, car elle permet d'augmenter la résistance mécanique de l'ensemble de la lame. En particulier on limite, voire on évite le fléchissement de l'arête continue de faible épaisseur. L'homme du métier pourra ajuster la valeur de cette épaisseur, notamment en fonction de l'essence de l'arbre et du diamètre de la branche à découper. Avantageusement, la hauteur H32 est supérieure à celle H31 , le rapport H32/H31 étant par exemple compris entre 1 .5 et 3.  - thickness or height H32 of the ribs 32 (see Figure 9), since the range 35: between 3 and 15 mm (millimeters). This range of thicknesses is advantageous because it makes it possible to increase the mechanical strength of the entire blade. In particular, it limits or even avoids the deflection of the continuous edge of small thickness. The skilled person can adjust the value of this thickness, in particular according to the essence of the tree and the diameter of the branch to be cut. Advantageously, the height H32 is greater than that H31, the ratio H32 / H31 being for example between 1 and 5.
- dimension transversale, ou largeur I32 des nervures (voir figure 7), au niveau de leur extrémité libre: inférieure à 5 mm. transverse dimension, or width I32 of the ribs (see FIG. 7), at the level of their free end: less than 5 mm.
- dimension transversale, ou largeur 133 des échancrures 33 (voir figure 7), entre l'extrémité libre de deux nervures adjacentes 32: entre 5 et 50 mm.  transverse dimension, or width 133 of the notches 33 (see FIG. 7), between the free end of two adjacent ribs 32: between 5 and 50 mm.
Ces gammes de largeurs, relatives aux nervures et aux échancrures, sont avantageuses. En effet elles permettent aux nervures de s'intercaler entre les fibres du bois, sans induire un écrasement de ces dernières, qui serait préjudiciable. Ces valeurs sont en outre appropriées à la plupart des essences de bois, couramment rencontrées durant l'utilisation des têtes d'ébranchage.  These ranges of widths, relative to the ribs and indentations, are advantageous. Indeed they allow the ribs to be inserted between the wood fibers, without inducing a crushing of the latter, which would be detrimental. These values are also suitable for most wood species, commonly encountered during the use of delimbing heads.
- angle a1 de chanfrein de l'arête A31 (voir figure 8), pris par rapport à la droite Dl : entre 15 et 45° , de préférence voisin de 30 ° .  angle a1 of the chamfer of the edge A31 (see FIG. 8), taken with respect to the straight line D1: between 15 and 45 °, preferably close to 30 °.
- angle a2 de chanfrein de chaque arête A32 (voir figure 9), pris par rapport à la droite Dl: entre 15 et 45° , de préférence voisin de30° . Les valeurs de al et a2 sont par exemple égales.  chamfer angle a2 of each edge A32 (see FIG. 9), taken with respect to the straight line D1: between 15 and 45 °, preferably close to 30 °. The values of al and a2 are for example equal.
- rayon de courbure de la paroi arrière 33' de chaque échancrure : voisin de la moitié de la largeur des échancrures, soit (133/2). Ceci permet d'obtenir une forme de demi-cercle.  radius of curvature of the rear wall 33 'of each notch: close to half the width of the notches, ie (133/2). This makes it possible to obtain a semicircle shape.
- épaisseur totale E de la lame (voir figure 8) : entre 5 et 25 mm.  - total thickness E of the blade (see Figure 8): between 5 and 25 mm.
La figure 12 illustre une variante de réalisation de l'invention, dans laquelle la semelle 231 fait saillie vers l'avant, au-delà de l'extrémité libre des nervures 232 et des plages 235 délimitées par les échancrures. Cette figure 12 est analogue à la figure 9, c'est-à-dire qu'il s'agit d'une coupe le long d'une face d'une nervure.  Figure 12 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the invention, in which the sole 231 projects forward, beyond the free end of the ribs 232 and 235 beaches delimited by the notches. This Figure 12 is similar to Figure 9, that is to say it is a section along a face of a rib.
La semelle 231 définit une arête de coupe A231 chanfreinée, ainsi qu'un méplat 238 s'étendant à la même altitude que les plages. Dans ce mode de réalisation, les arêtes A232 des nervures 232 ne prolongent donc pas l'arête A231 , contrairement à ce qui est illustré notamment à la figure 9. Ce méplat 238 peut, entre autres, assurer une fonction de témoin visuel d'usure.  The sole 231 defines a chamfered cutting edge A231 and a flat 238 extending at the same altitude as the beaches. In this embodiment, the edges A232 of the ribs 232 therefore do not extend the edge A231, unlike that illustrated in particular in FIG. 9. This flat part 238 can, among other things, provide a visual wear indicator function. .
De façon avantageuse, la lame courbe de l'invention est fabriquée à partir d'une lame droite initiale, non nervurée. Cette lame droite est ensuite cintrée, de sorte qu'elle adopte les courbures souhaitées de la lame finale, puis elle est nervurée selon tout procédé approprié. A titre d'alternative, on peut aussi prévoir de nervurer une lame droite de base, avant de la cintrer. Advantageously, the curved blade of the invention is manufactured from an initial straight blade, not ribbed. This straight blade is then bent, so that it adopts the desired curvatures of the final blade, then it is ribbed by any appropriate method. Alternatively, it is also possible to rib a basic straight blade, before bending it.
A titre de variante supplémentaire, illustrée à la figure 13, on peut prévoir que la lame 320 est formée de plusieurs tronçons 320A à 320D. La lame forme alors un outil complet, composée de ces différents tronçons. Ces derniers sont fixés sur le bras, de manière amovible ou permanente, par tout moyen approprié.  As a further variant, illustrated in Figure 13, it can be provided that the blade 320 is formed of several sections 320A to 320D. The blade then forms a complete tool, composed of these different sections. These are fixed on the arm, removably or permanently, by any appropriate means.
Ces tronçons peuvent présenter une courbure identique à celle du bras 310 qui les supporte, mais on peut aussi prévoir qu'ils présentent une courbure différente, voire qu'ils sont rectilignes. Dans le cas où ils ne présentent pas la même courbure que le bras 310, ces tronçons sont légèrement déformés, au moment de leur fixation sur ce bras.  These sections may have a curvature identical to that of the arm 310 which supports them, but it is also possible that they have a different curvature, or even that they are straight. In the case where they do not have the same curvature as the arm 310, these sections are slightly deformed, at the time of their attachment to this arm.
La fixation de type amovible est avantageuse. Dans ces conditions, on peut remplacer un unique tronçon de la lame, plutôt que l'intégralité de celle-ci, notamment dans le cas où le tronçon considéré a été endommagé ou a subi une usure plus importante que celle des autres tronçons.  The removable type attachment is advantageous. Under these conditions, it is possible to replace a single section of the blade, rather than the entirety thereof, particularly in the case where the section in question has been damaged or has suffered greater wear than that of the other sections.
Dans l'exemple illustré sur cette figure 13, les chants de deux tronçons voisins sont distants, séparés par un jeu J. A titre de variante non représentée, on peut prévoir que deux tronçons voisins se chevauchent, par exemple à la manière de tuiles. Le bord de coupe présente alors un caractère continu, en vue de face.  In the example illustrated in this figure 13, the edges of two neighboring sections are distant, separated by a set J. As a variant not shown, it can be provided that two neighboring sections overlap, for example in the manner of tiles. The cutting edge then has a continuous character, in front view.
Dans les exemples illustrés en référence aux figures 1 à 13, le sommet des nervures est parallèle à la droite principale Dl du bord de coupe. A titre de variante, comme montré en figure 14, on peut prévoir que le sommet des nervures 432A est incliné par rapport à cette droite Dl. A titre de variante supplémentaire, comme montré en figure 15, on peut prévoir que le sommet des nervures 432B présente un profil en forme de crans ou d'escaliers.  In the examples illustrated with reference to FIGS. 1 to 13, the top of the ribs is parallel to the main line D1 of the cutting edge. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 14, it is expected that the top of the ribs 432A is inclined relative to this line Dl. As a further alternative, as shown in Figure 15, it can be provided that the top of the ribs 432B has a profile in the form of notches or stairs.
Dans les exemples illustrés en référence aux figures 1 à 15, il est prévu une unique rangée de nervures, s'étendant depuis la semelle vers la face extérieure du bord de coupe. A titre de variante, illustrée sur la figure 16, on peut prévoir deux rangées de nervures 532A et 532B. Dans ce cas, ces rangées s'étendent de part et d'autre de la semelle continue 531 , vers les faces opposées 530E et 530I.  In the examples illustrated with reference to Figures 1 to 15, there is provided a single row of ribs, extending from the sole to the outer face of the cutting edge. As a variant, illustrated in FIG. 16, two rows of ribs 532A and 532B can be provided. In this case, these rows extend on either side of the continuous flange 531 towards the opposite faces 530E and 530I.
Dans ce cas l'arête A531 , définie par cette semelle 531 , présente une forme de V, dont la pointe est tournée vers la branche à découper. Les arêtes libres de chaque rangée de nervures prolongent cette arête A531 , au sens défini en référence à la figure 9. De la sorte, l'ensemble du bord de coupe est globalement symétrique par rapport à un plan médian P, lequel s'étend horizontalement sur cette figure 16. In this case the edge A531, defined by this sole 531, has a shape of V, whose tip is turned towards the branch to cut. The free edges of each row of ribs extend this edge A531, in the sense defined with reference to Figure 9. In this way, the entire cutting edge is generally symmetrical with respect to a median plane P, which extends horizontally in this figure 16.
Le sommet des nervures de la première rangée définit une partie de la face extérieure 530E du bord de coupe 530, alors que le sommet des nervures de la deuxième rangée définit une partie de sa face extérieure 530I. En vue de face, les nervures des deux rangées peuvent être alignées, comme dans l'exemple de la figure 16. A titre de variante, ces nervures peuvent être disposées en quinconces.  The top of the ribs of the first row defines a portion of the outer face 530E of the cutting edge 530, while the top of the ribs of the second row defines a portion of its outer face 530I. In front view, the ribs of the two rows may be aligned, as in the example of Figure 16. Alternatively, these ribs may be arranged in staggered rows.
On peut prévoir que la lame de coupe conforme à l'invention est réalisée en plusieurs matériaux différents. Ainsi, chaque zone de la lame est constituée d'un matériau adapté, en fonction des contraintes qu'elle doit subir. Une partie de la lame, en particulier son bord de coupe, peut par exemple être durcie au moyen d'un revêtement adapté, de type connu en soi.  It can be provided that the cutting blade according to the invention is made of several different materials. Thus, each zone of the blade is made of a suitable material, depending on the constraints it must undergo. Part of the blade, in particular its cutting edge, may for example be hardened by means of a suitable coating, of a type known per se.
Par ailleurs, chaque nervure peut être constituée en un matériau approprié. A cet égard, on peut prévoir de réaliser les nervures indépendamment du corps de lame, puis de les rapporter par tout procédé approprié, par exemple par soudage.  In addition, each rib can be made of a suitable material. In this regard, it can be provided to make the ribs independently of the blade body, and then report them by any suitable method, for example by welding.
A titre de variantes supplémentaires non représentées, on peut prévoir que la lame de l'invention est munie d'au moins un témoin visuel d'usure.  As additional variants not shown, it can be provided that the blade of the invention is provided with at least one visual wear indicator.
Ce témoin peut être formé par une rainure longitudinale, ménagée sur la face extérieure 30E, à proximité de l'extrémité libre de l'arête continue 31 . Il peut aussi être formé par une lumière, reliant les faces opposées de la lame, à proximité de cette extrémité libre. Ce témoin peut également être constitué par une lumière ménagée dans la nervure proprement dite.  This indicator may be formed by a longitudinal groove formed on the outer face 30E, near the free end of the continuous edge 31. It can also be formed by a light, connecting the opposite faces of the blade, near this free end. This indicator may also consist of a light formed in the rib proper.
Dans d'autres modes de réalisation non représentés de la lame, la largeur de la lame n'est pas constante sur toute la longueur de celle-ci. En d'autres termes, l'arête de coupe est continue mais elle n'est pas rectiligne. Une telle arête présente au moins un relief, à savoir un creux ou une bosse, voire plusieurs reliefs identiques ou non. Dans de tels modes de réalisation, l'arête de coupe a un aspect plus ou moins denté. Dans d'autres modes de réalisation, le corps de la lame est lui-même ondulé, les ondulations étant ou non régulièrement disposées et identiques. On conçoit que ces modes de réalisation, arête dentée et corps de lame ondulé, peuvent être combinés dans une même lame, étant entendu que, dans tous les cas, la lame est pourvue de nervures dont les axes longitudinaux sont rectilignes et parallèles entre eux. De telles configurations facilitent la coupe pour les branches de plus forte section et/ou pour un bois dur. In other non-illustrated embodiments of the blade, the width of the blade is not constant over the entire length thereof. In other words, the cutting edge is continuous but it is not rectilinear. Such an edge has at least one relief, namely a hollow or a bump, or even several reliefs identical or not. In such embodiments, the cutting edge has a more or less toothed appearance. In other embodiments, the body of the blade is itself corrugated, the whether or not the waves are regularly arranged and identical. It is conceivable that these embodiments, toothed ridge and corrugated blade body, can be combined in the same blade, it being understood that, in all cases, the blade is provided with ribs whose longitudinal axes are rectilinear and parallel to each other. Such configurations facilitate cutting for branches of larger section and / or hardwood.
Dans les modes de réalisation illustrés aux figures 17 à 19, les arêtes de coupe, respectivement, A631 , A731 et A831 sont configurées en V, cela de manière similaire à l'arête de coupe A531 de la figure 16. Les faces internes 630I, 730I des lames des modes de réalisation des figures 17 et 18 sont planes et dépourvues de nervures. En d'autres termes, elles sont similaires à celles illustrées aux figures 8, 9, 14 et 15. La forme en V de telles arêtes de coupe permet de définir une contredépouille qui facilite le déplacement de la lame non seulement lors de la coupe mais avantageusement lors de son dégagement. En effet, la présence d'un chanfrein sur chaque face de la lame agit comme un écarteur au niveau des fibres du bois et facilite le retrait de la lame en évitant le coincement de cette dernière entre les fibres du bois.  In the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 17 to 19, the cutting edges, respectively, A631, A731 and A831 are configured in V, similarly to the cutting edge A531 of FIG. 16. The internal faces 630I, 730I blades of the embodiments of Figures 17 and 18 are planar and devoid of ribs. In other words, they are similar to those illustrated in FIGS. 8, 9, 14 and 15. The V-shaped shape of such cutting edges makes it possible to define an undercut that facilitates the movement of the blade not only during cutting but advantageously during its release. Indeed, the presence of a chamfer on each side of the blade acts as a spacer at the level of the wood fibers and facilitates the removal of the blade avoiding the jamming of the latter between the wood fibers.
On note que, à la figure 18, l'angle a701 entre l'arête A731 et un plan moyen P18 de la lame et l'angle a702 entre l'arête A732 de la nervure 732 et le plan P18 sont différents. En l'espèce l'angle a702 est inférieur à l'angle a701 . Une telle configuration facilite la pénétration de la lame, l'écartement des fibres sous l'action des nervures s'effectuant alors sur une plus grande distance.  Note that in Figure 18, the angle a701 between the edge A731 and an average plane P18 of the blade and the angle a702 between the edge A732 of the rib 732 and the plane P18 are different. In this case the angle a702 is smaller than the angle a701. Such a configuration facilitates the penetration of the blade, the spacing of the fibers under the action of the ribs then taking place over a greater distance.
Ici, aux figures 17 et 18, l'angle α603, a703 respectivement entre le chanfrein inférieur 617 ou 717 et un plan moyen P17, P18 de la lame est identique à l'angle α601 , a701 . En variante, ces angles α603, a703 et/ou α601 , a701 sont différents.  Here, in FIGS. 17 and 18, the angle α603, a703 respectively between the lower chamfer 617 or 717 and an average plane P17, P18 of the blade is identical to the angle α601, a701. Alternatively, these angles α603, a703 and / or α601, a701 are different.
La figure 19 illustre un mode de réalisation avec des nervures 832A et 832B disposées sur les deux faces de la lame, donc un mode de réalisation analogue à celui illustré à la figure 16. Ici, les angles a802A et a802B, par rapport à un plan moyen P19, respectivement des nervures 832A et 832B sont identiques. Les angles a802A et a802B sont inférieurs aux angles a801 et a803 des chanfreins 816 et 817, par rapport au plan P19, de la pointe A831 . En variante, ces angles a801 et a803 et/ou α802Α et a802B sont différents. FIG. 19 illustrates an embodiment with ribs 832A and 832B arranged on both sides of the blade, thus an embodiment similar to that illustrated in FIG. 16. Here, the angles a802A and a802B, with respect to a plane mean P19, respectively ribs 832A and 832B are identical. The angles a802A and a802B are smaller than the angles a801 and a803 of the chamfers 816 and 817, with respect to the plane P19, of the tip A831. Alternatively, these angles a801 and a803 and / or α802Α and a802B are different.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . - Lame courbe (20 ; 120 ; 320) pour tête d'ébranchage, destinée à être montée sur un bras (10 ; 310) de cette tête, ladite lame comprenant un bord de coupe (30 ; 130 ; 230 ; 330 ; 430 ; 530) possédant une face intérieure (30I ; 530I), adjacente au tronc (T) de l'arbre en service, et une face extérieure (30E ; 530E), cette lame présentant en outre, en vue de face, une courbure sur une partie substantielle de sa longueur, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une partie du bord de coupe comprend une semelle continue (31 ; 131 ; 231 ; 431 ; 531 ) définissant une arête continue de coupe (A31 ; A231 ; A531 ; A631 ; A731 ; A831 ), ainsi qu'au moins une rangée de nervures (32 ; 132 ; 232 ; 432A, 432B ; 532A, 532B ; 732 ; 832A, 832B), dont les axes longitudinaux (Alg) sont rectilignes et parallèles entre eux, s'étendant en direction d'au moins une face (30I, 30E) du bord de coupe, à partir de cette semelle continue. 1. - Curved blade (20; 120; 320) for delimbing head, intended to be mounted on an arm (10; 310) of this head, said blade comprising a cutting edge (30; 130; 230; 330; 430; 530) having an inner face (30I; 530I), adjacent to the trunk (T) of the operating shaft, and an outer face (30E; 530E), which blade further has a curvature on a front view, substantial portion of its length, characterized in that at least a portion of the cutting edge comprises a continuous flange (31; 131; 231; 431; 531) defining a continuous cutting edge (A31; A231; A531; A631; A731; A831), and at least one row of ribs (32; 132; 232; 432A; 432B; 532A; 532B; 732; 832A; 832B) whose longitudinal axes (Alg) are straight and parallel to one another; extending towards at least one face (30I, 30E) of the cutting edge, from this continuous soleplate.
2. - Lame selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que les nervures (32 ; 132 ; 432A, 432B ; 532A, 532B ; 732 ; 832A, 832B) définissent des arêtes libres, ou arêtes d'attaque (A32), qui s'étendent dans le prolongement de l'arête continue de coupe (A31 ; A531 ; A631 ; A731 ; A831 ).  2. Blade according to claim 1, characterized in that the ribs (32; 132; 432A, 432B; 532A, 532B; 732; 832A, 832B) define free edges, or cutting edges (A32), which extend in the extension of the continuous cutting edge (A31; A531; A631; A731; A831).
3. - Lame selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que les nervures (232) définissent des arêtes libres, ou arêtes d'attaque (A232), qui sont séparées de l'arête continue de coupe (A231 ) par l'intermédiaire d'un méplat (238).  3. - blade according to claim 1, characterized in that the ribs (232) define free edges, or leading edges (A232), which are separated from the continuous cutting edge (A231) via a flat (238).
4. - Lame selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu une unique rangée de nervures (32 ; 132 ; 232 ; 432A, 432B ; 732), qui s'étendent en direction de ladite face extérieure (30E) du bord de coupe (30 ; 130 ; 230 ; 330 ; 430). 4. Blade according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that there is provided a single row of ribs (32; 132; 232; 432A, 432B, 732), which extend towards said face outer edge (30E) of the cutting edge (30; 130; 230; 330; 430).
5. - Lame selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu deux rangées de nervures (532A, 532B ; 832A, 832B), s'étendant en direction des faces respectivement extérieure (530E) et intérieure (530I) du bord de coupe (530). 5. Blade according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that there are provided two rows of ribs (532A, 532B; 832A, 832B), extending towards the respective outer (530E) and inner faces respectively. (530I) of the cutting edge (530).
6. - Lame selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'arête continue de coupe (A31 ) et l'arête libre (A32) de chaque nervure (32) possèdent des angles de chanfrein (α1 , a2) identiques, pris par rapport à une droite principale (Dl) de la face intérieure. 6. Blade according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the continuous cutting edge (A31) and the free edge (A32) of each rib (32) have identical chamfer angles (α1, a2). , taken in relation to a main line (Dl) of the inner face.
7. - Utilisation d'une lame courbe selon l'une des revendications précédentes, pour équiper une tête d'ébranchage. 7. - Use of a curved blade according to one of the preceding claims, for equipping a delimbing head.
8. - Tête d'ébranchage comprenant un châssis (1 ), plusieurs bras (10 ; 310) articulés sur le châssis, qui sont propres à saisir un tronc d'un arbre, et des lames courbes (20 ; 120 ; 320) fixées sur les bras, propres à découper des branches de l'arbre, au moins une de ces lames, de préférence une majorité de ces lames et, encore de préférence, toutes ces lames étant conforme(s) à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6. 8. - delimbing head comprising a frame (1), several arms (10; 310) hinged to the frame, which are adapted to grip a trunk of a tree, and curved blades (20; 120; 320) fixed on the arms, suitable for cutting branches of the tree, at least one of these blades, preferably a majority of these blades and, preferably, all these blades being in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. - Tête d'ébranchage selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une lame courbe (320) est composée de plusieurs tronçons (320A-320D) fixés de manière amovible sur le bras (310), chaque tronçon étant notamment déformé au moment de sa fixation sur le bras. 9. - delimbing head according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one curved blade (320) is composed of several sections (320A-320D) removably attached to the arm (310), each section being in particular deformed at the time of attachment to the arm.
10. - Kit de coupe comprenant au moins deux lames conformes à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, au moins un paramètre étant différent entre au moins deux lames, ce paramètre étant choisi dans le groupe constitué par la longueur du bord de coupe, les dimensions de la semelle continue, les dimensions des nervures, la nature de leur matériau constitutif.  10. - Cutting kit comprising at least two blades according to any one of claims 1 to 6, at least one parameter being different between at least two blades, this parameter being selected from the group consisting of the length of the cutting edge. , the dimensions of the continuous sole, the dimensions of the ribs, the nature of their constituent material.
EP15725841.9A 2014-05-19 2015-05-11 Curved delimbing blade, use of same, corresponding delimbing head and cutting kit Withdrawn EP3145291A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1454476A FR3020917B1 (en) 2014-05-19 2014-05-19 CURVE BLADE, USE THEREOF, CORRELATION HEAD AND CUTTING KIT.
PCT/FR2015/051226 WO2015177432A1 (en) 2014-05-19 2015-05-11 Curved delimbing blade, use of same, corresponding delimbing head and cutting kit

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EP3145291A1 true EP3145291A1 (en) 2017-03-29

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US (1) US10736277B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3145291A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2015263172B2 (en)
BR (1) BR112016026348B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2947507A1 (en)
FR (1) FR3020917B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2687204C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2015177432A1 (en)

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DE102019125501A1 (en) * 2019-09-23 2021-03-25 Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh Agricultural work machine

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RU2016149502A (en) 2018-06-20
BR112016026348B1 (en) 2020-11-03
RU2687204C2 (en) 2019-05-07
FR3020917A1 (en) 2015-11-20
AU2015263172A1 (en) 2016-11-24
AU2015263172B2 (en) 2019-01-31
US10736277B2 (en) 2020-08-11
RU2016149502A3 (en) 2018-11-08
US20170164567A1 (en) 2017-06-15
FR3020917B1 (en) 2016-05-27
WO2015177432A1 (en) 2015-11-26
CA2947507A1 (en) 2015-11-26

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