EP3142125A1 - Cable - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP3142125A1
EP3142125A1 EP15184559.1A EP15184559A EP3142125A1 EP 3142125 A1 EP3142125 A1 EP 3142125A1 EP 15184559 A EP15184559 A EP 15184559A EP 3142125 A1 EP3142125 A1 EP 3142125A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
flame
diffusion barrier
retardant
barrier layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15184559.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3142125B1 (fr
Inventor
Werner Körner
Harry PFEFFER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lapp Engineering AG
Original Assignee
Lapp Engineering AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lapp Engineering AG filed Critical Lapp Engineering AG
Priority to ES15184559T priority Critical patent/ES2873232T3/es
Priority to EP15184559.1A priority patent/EP3142125B1/fr
Publication of EP3142125A1 publication Critical patent/EP3142125A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3142125B1 publication Critical patent/EP3142125B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
    • H01B7/2825—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable using a water impermeable sheath

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cable, in particular a cable for connection of photovoltaic modules, which is suitable for installation in humid environments or in environments in which the cable is exposed to moisture.
  • the individual functional units of the cable, the electrical or optical conductors, the conductor insulation, any shields and the cable sheath, are therefore to be designed according to the requirements.
  • the long-term exposure to moisture may also affect the insulating properties of the outer sheath and / or the insulation layer (s) in the interior of the cable, so that it can cause fault currents, in particular leakage currents, and an associated failure of the system connected to the cable. Cables used in communications may experience signal interference such as increased attenuation or crosstalk.
  • Moisture or water can diffuse into the interior of the cable when the cable is stored in a damp or wet environment for a long time, transverse to the cable longitudinal axis, and damage the internal cable components.
  • the cable comprises a very thick polyethylene layer of at least 35mm thickness which is not flame retardant but easily flammable.
  • the cable is rendered flame retardant by applying an external, thin fire protection layer. Damage to the thin external fire-resistant layer involves the risk of setting the underlying polyethylene layer on fire. Due to the proportion of the entire cable volume proportion of non-flame retardant polyethylene can be a Quickly spread fire along the cable as there is plenty of fire-resistant material available. This represents a security risk.
  • the present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved cable that can be laid in damp environments, especially in the soil.
  • the cable should be long-term resistant to moisture and water and minimize the transverse diffusion of water and moisture into the cable interior.
  • the cable should be flame retardant according to IEC 60332-1-2.
  • the cable should be simple, inexpensive and can be manufactured in a few steps.
  • the cable which is suitable in particular for the connection of photovoltaic modules to an energy network, comprises at least one electrical and / or at least one optical conductor, at least one insulation layer enclosing the at least one conductor, and an outer jacket, which comprises the aforementioned conductors and the insulation layer encloses.
  • a diffusion barrier layer is arranged between the outer jacket and the insulating layer.
  • the diffusion barrier layer is designed so that the transverse diffusion of water and moisture into the interior of the cable is prevented or at least significantly reduced.
  • a reduction in the diffusion of water and Moisture by at least a factor of 100, more preferably achieved by at least a factor of 1000 compared to a cable without diffusion barrier layer.
  • the diffusion barrier layer is thinner than the insulating layer and / or thinner than the outer jacket.
  • the diffusion barrier layer only a minimum of easily combustible material is used, so that in case of fire only a small volume fraction of the cable is combustible.
  • a mechanical damage of the preferably fire-resistant, flame-retardant or flame-retardant outer sheath so the reliability of the cable can be increased.
  • the diffusion barrier layer has a nominal thickness of at least 0.1 mm.
  • the insulation layer and the outer sheath preferably have a nominal thickness of at least 0.5 mm.
  • the thickness of diffusion barrier view, insulation layer and outer sheath is matched to the cross section of the electrical conductor and decreases optionally increasing proportionally with increasing cross-section of the electrical conductor or conductors.
  • Outer jacket, diffusion barrier layer and insulation layer are preferably extrusion products. Preferably, all layers are fabricated on a cable extrusion line, allowing for efficient production.
  • the insulation layer and the diffusion barrier layer are produced by coextrusion in a single manufacturing step or applied to the internal materials.
  • the diffusion barrier layer and the outer jacket are manufactured by coextrusion in a single manufacturing step or applied to the internal materials.
  • the diffusion barrier layer is made of a non-polar and / or hydrophobic polymeric material.
  • a non-polar and / or hydrophobic material By using a non-polar and / or hydrophobic material, the diffusion itself is reduced by fine pores or manufacturing imperfections in the diffusion barrier layer due to capillary forces.
  • the diffusion barrier layer is made so that an uninterrupted, as defect-free as possible layer is formed.
  • the polymer material for the diffusion barrier layer comprises exclusively or predominantly polyolefins, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene or mixtures of polyethylene and polypropylene.
  • the polymer material for the diffusion barrier layer is crosslinked, preferably by electron beam crosslinking and / or silane crosslinking. By networking, the long-term stability is improved.
  • the cable according to the invention comprises at least two electrical conductors which, in a further preferred embodiment, are each covered by a shield.
  • Cable according to the invention can be used in various fields for various applications. Cables according to the invention can be equipped with optical conductors or electrical conductors or a combination thereof.
  • the outer sheath is flame retardant according to the standard IEC 60332-1-2.
  • the polymer material for the outer shell flame-retardant additives preferably aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, zinc borates, ammonium sulfate or phosphate-based materials, admixed.
  • these additives are at least largely halogen-free.
  • flame-retardant or flame-retardant additives are added in a further preferred embodiment to the outer jacket and the inner jacket and / or the insulating layer. Even if the outer sheath is completely destroyed by the action of flame, the inner sheath and / or the insulating layer can protect the electrical line for a longer time from damage.
  • both the flame retardant or flame retardant additive for the outer shell and the flame retardant or flame retardant additive for the inner shell and / or the insulating layer are at least substantially free of halogen.
  • the outer jacket and the inner jacket and / or the insulating layer comprise different flame-retardant or flame-retardant additives.
  • the inner sheath and / or the insulating layer comprises at least one higher-quality additive, which gives better flame retardant or flame retardant properties than additives added to the outer shell.
  • Higher quality additives that provide excellent flame retardant or flame retardant properties are generally more expensive than additives with less good engineering properties. Since the additive can be washed out in the outer jacket over time, the use of a high-quality additive in the outer shell for long periods of operation is less useful because the degradation of the additives, the original properties of the outer jacket and thus the cable are changed unfavorably.
  • high-grade additives are therefore added to at least one of the layers enclosed by the outer jacket, for example the inner jacket and / or further insulating layers. Due to the diffusion barrier layer, the inner jacket and / or the further insulating layers, which are provided with the higher-quality additive, are better protected in the long term, so that the high-quality additive and the associated high-quality properties of the cable are preserved for longer.
  • the use of the at least one high-grade additive in the inner jacket and / or the further insulating layer leads to a reduction of the manufacturing costs in comparison to the use of this high-quality additive in the outer jacket.
  • the outer sheath comprises aluminum trihydrate (ATH) and the inner sheath and / or the insulating layer magnesium dihydrate (MDH).
  • ATH aluminum trihydrate
  • MDH magnesium dihydrate
  • Metal hydroxides such as aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide, split off water in an endothermic process in case of fire.
  • the endothermic conversion process requires between 1000 and 1300 J / g.
  • the reaction takes place at ATH from about 200 ° C, at MDH from about 300 ° C from.
  • ATH is therefore often used in materials with processing temperatures below 220 ° C, while MDH is used for higher processing temperatures up to 300 ° C.
  • the additive with the higher transition temperature, preferably MDH the flame retardant to the inner layers even at higher temperatures and is supported by the outer shell with its additives.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross section of a cable 10 according to the invention.
  • An electrical conductor 1 is surrounded by a uniform insulation layer 2.
  • a diffusion barrier layer 3 is applied on the insulating layer 2.
  • an outer shell 4 is applied on the diffusion barrier layer 3.
  • an optical conductor 1 can be used instead of the electrical conductor 1, an optical conductor 1 can be used.
  • further polymer-based layers or screen braids may be arranged, which serve, for example, for the shielding.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section of a cable 10 according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment.
  • Several electrical or optical conductors 1 are each enclosed by an insulating layer 2.
  • the insulated conductors 1 are interconnected by an inner jacket 6 or in worshiped an inner shell 6.
  • an optional shield 5 is preferably arranged.
  • the optional shielding 5 can also be arranged between the inner jacket 6 and the diffusion barrier layer 3.
  • the number of conductors 1 is arbitrary.
  • the cables according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 consist of inner and outer cable layers, which preferably comprise flame-retardant or flame-retardant additives, which differ in their properties and possibly also the procurement costs.
  • the outer jacket 4 forms the outermost cable layer, which preferably comprises a first flame-retardant or flame-retardant additive.
  • the inner jacket 6 or the at least one insulating layer 2 preferably comprise a second flame-retardant or flame-retardant additive.
  • At least one flame-retardant or flame-retardant additive can also be provided for each of the cable layers 4, 6, 2.
  • the inner jacket has e.g. a second and the at least one insulating layer on a third flame retardant or flame retardant additive.
  • the at least one first flame-retardant additive is preferably less expensive, possibly made of less expensive materials, than the at least one second or third flame-retardant additive.
  • the at least one first flame-retardant additive undergoes a conversion process in the event of fire at a lower temperature than the at least one second or third flame-retardant additive.
  • the first flame retardant additive is preferably ATH or comprises a predominant portion of ATH and the second sludge-inhibiting additive is preferably MDH or comprises a predominant portion of MDH.
  • the innermost layer preferably comprises a high-grade metal hydroxide or metal hydroxide mixture, preferably MDH
  • the middle layer comprises a metal hydroxide mixture with a high-quality first metal hydroxide, preferably MDH, and a less high-grade second metal hydroxide, preferably ATH, which are preferably mixed in a ratio in the range of 40:60 to 60:40.

Landscapes

  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
EP15184559.1A 2015-09-09 2015-09-09 Cable Active EP3142125B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES15184559T ES2873232T3 (es) 2015-09-09 2015-09-09 Cable
EP15184559.1A EP3142125B1 (fr) 2015-09-09 2015-09-09 Cable

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15184559.1A EP3142125B1 (fr) 2015-09-09 2015-09-09 Cable

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3142125A1 true EP3142125A1 (fr) 2017-03-15
EP3142125B1 EP3142125B1 (fr) 2021-05-05

Family

ID=54145593

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15184559.1A Active EP3142125B1 (fr) 2015-09-09 2015-09-09 Cable

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3142125B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2873232T3 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111816357A (zh) * 2020-07-22 2020-10-23 昆明明超电缆有限公司 一种光伏电站专用电缆及其制造方法
CN113628795A (zh) * 2021-08-17 2021-11-09 贵州新曙光电缆有限公司 一种铝导体光伏电缆
CN114242316A (zh) * 2021-12-22 2022-03-25 安徽电缆股份有限公司 一种铝合金导电光伏电缆

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0809261A2 (fr) * 1996-05-24 1997-11-26 Alcatel Câble électrique résistant au feu ou conducteur électrique résistant au feu et procédé de fabrication
DE10131569A1 (de) 2000-08-12 2002-02-21 Abb Patent Gmbh Kabel mit Polyethylenmantel und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kabels
EP1398799A2 (fr) * 2002-09-12 2004-03-17 Nexans Câble électrique pour la connexion de charges électriques mobiles
EP2669901A1 (fr) * 2012-06-01 2013-12-04 Nexans Câble avec indicateur d'usure
DE102012212205A1 (de) * 2012-07-12 2014-05-15 Tyco Electronics Raychem Gmbh Behältnis für einen elektrischen oder optischen Leiter

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000074075A1 (fr) * 1999-06-02 2000-12-07 Tyco Electronics Corporation Conducteur electrique isole
EP2444980B1 (fr) * 2010-10-21 2014-03-26 Borealis AG Câble comportant une couche formée d'une composition contenant des groupes époxy
HUE025342T2 (hu) * 2010-12-23 2016-02-29 Prysmian Spa Stabilizált dielektromos ellenállással rendelkezõ elektromos kábel

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0809261A2 (fr) * 1996-05-24 1997-11-26 Alcatel Câble électrique résistant au feu ou conducteur électrique résistant au feu et procédé de fabrication
DE10131569A1 (de) 2000-08-12 2002-02-21 Abb Patent Gmbh Kabel mit Polyethylenmantel und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kabels
EP1398799A2 (fr) * 2002-09-12 2004-03-17 Nexans Câble électrique pour la connexion de charges électriques mobiles
EP2669901A1 (fr) * 2012-06-01 2013-12-04 Nexans Câble avec indicateur d'usure
DE102012212205A1 (de) * 2012-07-12 2014-05-15 Tyco Electronics Raychem Gmbh Behältnis für einen elektrischen oder optischen Leiter

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111816357A (zh) * 2020-07-22 2020-10-23 昆明明超电缆有限公司 一种光伏电站专用电缆及其制造方法
CN113628795A (zh) * 2021-08-17 2021-11-09 贵州新曙光电缆有限公司 一种铝导体光伏电缆
CN114242316A (zh) * 2021-12-22 2022-03-25 安徽电缆股份有限公司 一种铝合金导电光伏电缆

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3142125B1 (fr) 2021-05-05
ES2873232T3 (es) 2021-11-03

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