EP3134702B1 - Annäherungszünder und projektil mit solch einem annäherungszünder - Google Patents

Annäherungszünder und projektil mit solch einem annäherungszünder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3134702B1
EP3134702B1 EP15716076.3A EP15716076A EP3134702B1 EP 3134702 B1 EP3134702 B1 EP 3134702B1 EP 15716076 A EP15716076 A EP 15716076A EP 3134702 B1 EP3134702 B1 EP 3134702B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
proximity
fuse
obstacle
reception
emission
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15716076.3A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3134702A1 (de
Inventor
Christian ADJEMIAN
Max Perrin
Pascal Rousseau
Ludovic Perruchot
François Hugues Gauthier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Junghans T2M SAS
Original Assignee
Thales SA
Junghans T2M SAS
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Application filed by Thales SA, Junghans T2M SAS filed Critical Thales SA
Publication of EP3134702A1 publication Critical patent/EP3134702A1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C13/00—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation
    • F42C13/02—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation operated by intensity of light or similar radiation
    • F42C13/023—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation operated by intensity of light or similar radiation using active distance measurement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/34—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect expanding before or on impact, i.e. of dumdum or mushroom type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a proximity rocket, in particular adapted to equip ammunition medium caliber. It also relates to a projectile equipped with such a proximity rocket.
  • Attack helicopters are usually equipped with a medium caliber gun placed in a turret.
  • the ammunition used is equipped with an impact rocket initiating the explosive charge of the shell in contact with the target or the ground.
  • the shell During an impact on the ground the shell inevitably bury itself before being fired, even if the delay is weak. This configuration brings a considerable loss of efficiency, especially as the explosive charge is relatively low.
  • One solution to increase the efficiency is to trigger the firing before the impact, close to the target or the ground by equipping the explosive projectile with a proximity rocket. Given the particular configuration of the shots from a helicopter, at low altitude, this proximity rocket must be compatible very grainy shooting paths. In addition, the ammunition must be completely autonomous without requiring interaction with the weapon system.
  • the receiving pupil has for example a crescent moon shape.
  • the fuse delivers a signal if at least one condition is satisfied, said condition being the detection of said backscattered power maximum.
  • Said signal is for example delivered if a second condition is satisfied, said second condition being that said maximum backscattered power exceeds a given threshold.
  • Said signal is for example able to trigger the firing of an explosive charge.
  • the transmission beam is for example coded to allow its identification by said receiving device, said light beam being for example modulated.
  • the light beam can be produced by a laser diode or a light emitting diode (LED).
  • the invention also relates to a projectile equipped with a rocket as described above.
  • said projectile comprises a medium-caliber type of ammunition. It is for example suitable for being fired from an airborne platform and / or from a platform on the ground.
  • the figure 1 illustrates a case of use of a device according to the invention.
  • a helicopter 1 flying at low altitude fires a projectile equipped with a rocket close to the ground 2, the medium caliber ammunition following a grazing firing trajectory.
  • a function of the proximity detection device equipping the munition is to allow an explosion 4 of the latter at the most appropriate time before the impact on the ground, when the distance between the proximity rocket and the target becomes less than one. given threshold.
  • the goal is for the target to be detected before the projectile explodes or enters.
  • the invention can also be applied for firing projectiles from other airborne platforms. It can also apply for projectiles fired from platforms on the ground, for example vehicles.
  • the Figures 2a and 2b show an example of proximity fuzes 21 according to the prior art.
  • Proximity rockets for mortar or artillery projectiles are designed to detect the ground by considering angles of arrival generally between 15 ° and 80 °.
  • the Figures 2a and 2b present two typical configurations of the main transmission lobe 28, 29 obtained on radio frequency (RF) based proximity fuzes, based on electromagnetic sensors of the miniaturized radar type, for example.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the main emission lobe 28 has an opening angle of the order of 30 ° to 45 ° relative to the axis 20 of the rocket.
  • the main emission lobe 29, located laterally has a large angular aperture.
  • a medium caliber application is characterized by extremely low target angles of arrival (angle of incidence with respect to the ground).
  • the implementation of a proximity function must therefore meet the need for reliable operation at angles of arrival of less than a few degrees.
  • the trigger distances related to the effectiveness of the munition, also need to be greatly reduced, these distances may be between 0.5 meters and 1.5 meters for example.
  • the operation of a proximity fuse for very low angles of incidence then requires a highly directional detector, in other words a particularly thin emission lobe, in particular to avoid the risk of false alarms due to obstacles. located near the trajectory of the ammunition.
  • the configurations of Figures 2a and 2b do not respond to this need.
  • the increase in directivity can be achieved by operating at higher working frequencies and by using antenna arrays.
  • obtaining angles of opening of less than 15 ° remains difficult to achieve.
  • An RF solution therefore does not allow to answer easily, and cheaply, if necessary.
  • the operation of an RF proximity fuse at such high frequencies in addition to the increased sensitivity to the environment, raises the problem of the availability of components and consequently the cost of serial of production as just mentioned.
  • the cost performance ratio of the RF solution is that it is not adapted to meet the need expressed optimally.
  • the figure 5 illustrates the detection principle explained above corresponding in particular to the exemplary embodiment of Figures 4a and 4b .
  • the power of the signal received on the ordinate is a function of the distance to the target, on the abscissa.
  • a curve 61 represents the signal received in the case of a modulated transmitted signal.
  • the passage to the maximum 62 of received power serves as a distance reference to the obstacle.
  • the receiving pupil collects the backscattered flux by the obstacle illuminated by the emission beam 31.
  • the signal increases according to the inverse of the square of the distance from the ammunition to the obstacle.
  • the signal reaches a maximum 62 when the backscattered stream no longer reaches the entire receiving pupil in the receiving field.
  • the signal decreases rapidly until the emission spot is no longer visible by the reception.
  • the received signals are for example digitized and analyzed by the processing means.
  • the invention can also be integrated as a proximity function, in any ammunition rocket, including in indirect fire configurations, such as artillery or mortar. It is also suitable for all types of gauges.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Annäherungszünder, mit dem ein Projektil ausgestattet werden kann, wobei der Zünder die Aufgabe hat, ein sich in der Nähe befindliches Hindernis (2) zu erkennen, wobei ein sich in der Nähe befindliches Hindernis als ein Hindernis definiert wird, das eine Mindestdistanz von dem Zünder hat, wobei der Zünder (30) wenigstens Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine Sendevorrichtung (51, 33) mit einer Sendepupille (33), die einen Lichtstrahl (31) in Bezug auf den Zünder nach vorn sendet;
    - eine Empfangsvorrichtung (52, 34) mit einer Empfangspupille (34), die die Lichtflüsse in einem Empfangskegel (32) vor dem Zünder erkennt, wobei der Lichtstrahl und der Empfangskegel solche relativen Orientierungen haben, dass sie sich schneiden, wobei die Sendepupille (31) und die Empfangspupille (32) exzentrisch sind;
    wobei ein Erkennungsvolumen (35) das Volumen ist, in dem der Lichtstrahl den Kegel schneidet, so dass, wenn sich ein Hindernis im Erkennungsvolumen befindet, das von der Sendevorrichtung gesendete Licht in Richtung der Erkennungsvorrichtung zurückgestreut wird, wobei ein sich in der Nähe befindliches Hindernis durch Erkennen der maximalen zurückgestrahlten Leistung (62, 72) erkannt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Empfangskegel (32) auf der Achse (40) des Zünders zentriert ist.
  2. Annäherungszünder nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Empfangspupille (32) die Form eines zunehmenden Mondes hat.
  3. Annäherungszünder nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ein Signal liefert, wenn wenigstens eine Bedingung erfüllt ist, wobei die Bedingung die Erkennung der maximalen zurückgestreuten Leistung ist.
  4. Annäherungszünder nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Signal geliefert wird, wenn eine zweite Bedingung erfüllt ist, wobei die zweite Bedingung die ist, dass die maximale zurückgestreute Leistung eine gegebene Schwelle übersteigt.
  5. Annäherungszünder nach einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Signal das Zünden (4) einer Sprengladung auslösen kann.
  6. Annäherungszünder nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sendestrahl (31) codiert ist, so dass er von der Empfangsvorrichtung identifiziert werden kann.
  7. Zünder nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Lichtstrahl moduliert wird.
  8. Annäherungszünder nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Lichtstrahl von einer Laserdiode oder einer Leuchtdiode produziert wird.
  9. Projektil, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mit einem Annäherungszünder nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche ausgestattet ist.
  10. Projektil nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Munition des mittleren Kalibertyps umfasst.
  11. Projektil nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es von einer luftgetragenen Plattform (1) abgefeuert werden kann.
  12. Projektil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es von einer Plattform am Boden abgefeuert werden kann.
EP15716076.3A 2014-04-25 2015-04-17 Annäherungszünder und projektil mit solch einem annäherungszünder Active EP3134702B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1400973A FR3020455B1 (fr) 2014-04-25 2014-04-25 Fusee de proximite, et projectile equipe d'une telle fusee de proximite
PCT/EP2015/058405 WO2015162062A1 (fr) 2014-04-25 2015-04-17 Fusee de proximite, et projectile equipe d'une telle fusee de proximite

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3134702A1 EP3134702A1 (de) 2017-03-01
EP3134702B1 true EP3134702B1 (de) 2018-03-14

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15716076.3A Active EP3134702B1 (de) 2014-04-25 2015-04-17 Annäherungszünder und projektil mit solch einem annäherungszünder

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US10234255B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3134702B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2669499T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3020455B1 (de)
IL (1) IL248484B (de)
TR (1) TR201808246T4 (de)
WO (1) WO2015162062A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10539403B2 (en) 2017-06-09 2020-01-21 Kaman Precision Products, Inc. Laser guided bomb with proximity sensor

Family Cites Families (22)

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FR1415551A (fr) * 1964-06-04 1965-10-29 Telecommunications Sa Système de guidage optique automatique et autonome d'engins en autorotation
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DE3705978A1 (de) * 1987-02-25 1988-09-08 Navsat Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur aktiven bestimmung eines vorgegebenen abstandes eines bewegten gegenstandes von einem ruhenden oder bewegten objekt
US4809611A (en) * 1987-05-04 1989-03-07 Motorola, Inc. Optical system for conical beam target detection
SE466821B (sv) * 1987-09-21 1992-04-06 Bofors Ab Anordning foer att vid ett aktivt optiskt zonroer aastadkomma foerhoejd taalighet mot nederboerd, roek, moln etc
NO167828C (no) * 1988-03-31 1991-12-11 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Optisk avstandsbrannroer.
DE3937859C1 (de) * 1989-11-14 1996-06-27 Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag Optischer Abstandszünder
TR201905935T4 (tr) * 2003-11-27 2019-05-21 Nexter Munitions Bir tespit cihazı ve bir yönetim modülünü kullanan koruma cihazı.
ES2398507T3 (es) * 2008-08-08 2013-03-19 Mbda Uk Limited Espoleta óptica de proximidad
US8378277B2 (en) * 2009-11-30 2013-02-19 Physical Optics Corporation Optical impact control system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20170045347A1 (en) 2017-02-16
EP3134702A1 (de) 2017-03-01
FR3020455B1 (fr) 2018-06-29
WO2015162062A1 (fr) 2015-10-29
FR3020455A1 (fr) 2015-10-30
IL248484A0 (en) 2016-12-29
IL248484B (en) 2020-07-30
ES2669499T3 (es) 2018-05-28
TR201808246T4 (tr) 2018-07-23
US10234255B2 (en) 2019-03-19

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