EP3130704A1 - Couche portante de gazon renforcée par des fibres et procédé de préparation de celui-ci - Google Patents

Couche portante de gazon renforcée par des fibres et procédé de préparation de celui-ci Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3130704A1
EP3130704A1 EP16183630.9A EP16183630A EP3130704A1 EP 3130704 A1 EP3130704 A1 EP 3130704A1 EP 16183630 A EP16183630 A EP 16183630A EP 3130704 A1 EP3130704 A1 EP 3130704A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reinforcing fibers
support layer
layer
activation
layer according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16183630.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3130704B2 (fr
EP3130704B1 (fr
Inventor
Maurice HEILER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heiler & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Heiler & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=56682007&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP3130704(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Heiler & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Heiler & Co KG GmbH
Priority to PL16183630T priority Critical patent/PL3130704T3/pl
Publication of EP3130704A1 publication Critical patent/EP3130704A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3130704B1 publication Critical patent/EP3130704B1/fr
Publication of EP3130704B2 publication Critical patent/EP3130704B2/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/02—Foundations, e.g. with drainage or heating arrangements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
    • E01C13/083—Construction of grass-grown sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating arrangements therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
    • E01C2013/086—Combination of synthetic and natural grass

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a support layer for turf, which has reinforcing fibers made of plastic, wherein these reinforcing fibers are not biodegradable under the environmental conditions when used as a support layer in the ground substantially.
  • the invention also relates to a method for processing a support layer for turf.
  • hybrid turf Another alternative for improving the wear resistance of lawns is the use of hybrid lawns.
  • hybrid turf the benefits of a natural lawn are combined with the benefits of synthetic reinforcement.
  • a synthetic fiber-reinforced base course is first applied to the existing subfloor.
  • the synthetic fibers in this base layer have the task of improving the shear strength of the layer by interlinking with each other. Mechanical stresses in the execution of the sports are thus better absorbed and distributed than in a soil that is not reinforced with fibers.
  • Natural grass is then created on this base course.
  • the reinforcing fibers of the support layer can also extend into the natural turf, which also gives the turf layer additional stability. Even such a hybrid lawn or its support layer has a finite life and must be renewed or replaced after a few years.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to simplify the disposal of used base courses of hybrid turf.
  • a supporting layer for turf which has reinforcing fibers made of plastic, said reinforcing fibers are at least substantially not biodegradable under ambient conditions when used as a base layer in the soil and wherein these reinforcing fibers have an activation threshold, above which the reinforcing fibers in Essentially completely biodegradable.
  • a support layer according to the invention comprises reinforcing fibers of a plastic which is substantially non-biodegradable under ambient conditions when used as a base support layer or otherwise under conditions of normal use of the hybrid lawn (eg, temperatures, moisture / water content, radiation, especially UV Radiation) is decomposed.
  • the reinforcing fibers of a support layer according to the invention have an activation threshold, from which these fibers are then substantially completely biodegradable in particular and disappear from the support layer.
  • This activation threshold from which a degradability of the reinforcing fibers given is, can be different physical effects. For example, a certain temperature can form this activation threshold.
  • the reinforcing fibers of a base layer belonging to the invention can also form a certain humidity or concentration of water or other liquids in the vicinity of the reinforcing fibers this activation threshold.
  • other physical effects such as irradiation with a certain wavelength of radiation, for example UV radiation
  • the biodegradation By activating the biodegradation is initiated, in particular, a decomposition of the molecules of the plastic and then possibly the further biodegradation or other decomposition or reshaping of the plastic.
  • the activation threshold is described by a chemical or physical parameter.
  • the activation threshold is formed by a combination of two or more physical and / or chemical effects.
  • the Activation Threshold may consist of a combination of a given temperature with a certain water content in the vicinity of the reinforcing fibers.
  • the further decomposition of the cleavage products then takes place by other mechanisms.
  • the further decomposition can be done for example by Saprobionten. These are organisms that feed on dead material and split, reshape and shred it.
  • thermophilic bacteria and fungi have proven to be particularly favorable for biodegradation of reinforcing fibers according to the invention.
  • thermophilic organisms are particularly active at elevated temperatures, for example between 45 and 80 ° C.
  • complete biodegradation of the reinforcing fibers is not limited to degradation by thermophilic organisms. It is also suitable for this purpose other microorganisms, as they are e.g. when composting finds or uses. It is clear that biodegradation as described, of course, also by exceeding an activation threshold, which is defined only by a temperature or just another physical or chemical parameter occurs.
  • a support layer according to the invention thus offers the very advantageous combination of high-quality stabilization function when used in hybrid sport turfs with a significantly simplified and improved disposal after their use in hybrid turf.
  • an activation threshold of the reinforcing fibers which is never achieved as possible when used in the base layer of an in-use hybrid lawn. This ensures that no biodegradation of the reinforcing fibers takes place during use in the hybrid lawn. In the disposal of a used support layer is then ensured that the activation threshold is deliberately and significantly exceeded, so that the then desired biodegradation of the reinforcing fibers can take place. After a For a certain time under conditions beyond the activation threshold, the support layer then no longer contains any plastic and can be disposed of or reused as desired.
  • the activation threshold is a temperature higher than 40 ° C, 45 ° C, 50 ° C, 55 ° C, 60 ° C, 65 ° C or 70 ° C.
  • the activation threshold above which biodegradation of the reinforcing fibers takes place is formed from a temperature which is higher than 50 ° C.
  • This activation threshold may then be, for example, 55 ° C.
  • suitable plastics such as polylactides (PLA) absorb from this temperature to a significant extent water molecules, which in turn lead to the decomposition and thus the biodegradation of plastics.
  • the activation threshold formed here by a temperature In addition to exceeding the activation threshold formed here by a temperature, it should moreover be ensured that a sufficient amount of water is present in order to achieve good biodegradation of the reinforcing fibers. It is of course possible to use different plastics as a material for the reinforcing fibers, wherein the activation threshold can also be formed by higher temperatures.
  • One way to achieve or exceed the activation threshold is the introduction of a used, worn support layer in a composting plant. In industrial composting plants, temperatures of more than 60 ° C are often used, as from this temperature germs are effectively killed. The conditions in such a composting plant are thus also ideal for the degradation of the reinforcing fibers in a support layer according to the invention.
  • an activation threshold can also be lower Temperatures, for example in the range of 40 ° C or 45 ° C are formed.
  • the activation threshold depends on the material making up the reinforcing fibers and the mechanisms or organisms to be used in the degradation or decomposition. Cleverly, such activation thresholds are available in applications that are not achieved in normal use as a base for a turf.
  • the reinforcing fibers when used as a base layer in the ground are stable to UV radiation or water.
  • the reinforcing fibers are designed to be stable to the environmental conditions prevailing during their use in the base course. This includes that the reinforcing fibers are stable to UV radiation contained in sunlight. This is particularly favorable if parts of the reinforcing fibers stick out of the ground. If the reinforcing fibers are completely enclosed or enclosed in the ground and thus normally no UV radiation strikes the fibers, this property can be dispensed with and UV light can be used for activation, for example.
  • This resistance to UV radiation can be achieved, for example, by using a UV-resistant, activatable plastic or by admixing pigments or by coating with a UV-absorbing coating with less stable plastics. It is also possible to color the reinforcing fibers green to make them unobtrusive within the natural grass. Furthermore, the reinforcing fibers are designed to be insensitive to water. Since lawns must be watered regularly to achieve good growth of natural grass, the reinforcing fibers are designed so that they do not absorb water under normal conditions of use in the hybrid lawn. An unwanted decomposition or swelling associated with it Change in the mechanical properties of the fibers is thus prevented.
  • the reinforcing fibers consist of a material from the group polylactides (PLA) or the group polyhydroxyalkanoates, in particular polyhydroxybutyric acid (PHB) or the group polyvinyl alcohols (PVA).
  • the reinforcement fibers of the support layer are formed of a material that is biodegradable beyond the activation threshold. Therefore, different biocompatible plastics are available as material for the reinforcing fibers. Particularly suitable are materials from the group of polylactides (PLA).
  • Polylactides are synthetic polymers belonging to the polyesters. Polylactides are composed of interconnected lactic acid molecules. From polylactides thermoplastics can be produced, which can be brought into almost any shape in common processing methods (injection molding, extrusion, ).
  • the reinforcing fibers can thus be made in different lengths, diameters and shapes from PLA.
  • PLA reinforcement fibers are particularly advantageous for their good mechanical properties, with high tensile strength, high modulus of elasticity and low elongation at break. These, largely due to the large molecular weight properties, provide for an effective support and networking of the support layer.
  • PLA behaves hydrophobic under the ambient conditions prevailing in the hybrid lawn. Thus, an influence of the reinforcing fibers on the water balance of the base course is excluded. At the same time there is no risk that the fibers swell due to water absorption and change their mechanical properties, or even decompose in the soil. Below the activation threshold, PLA reinforcement fibers behave in a long-term stable and virtually rotting-free manner.
  • the reinforcing fibers may also be made of another suitable biocompatible material, for example from the groups of polyhydroxyalkanoates, in particular polyhydroxybutyric acid (PHB) or the polyvinyl alcohols (PVA) exist.
  • PHB polyhydroxybutyric acid
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohols
  • biodegradable plastics are associated with the invention.
  • the base layer also comprises quartz sand and / or natural sand and / or lava and / or topsoil and / or peat and / or natural cork.
  • the reinforcing fibers serve to strengthen and improve the shear strength of the base course. The higher this shear strength, the higher the potential intensity of use of the hybrid lawn and the lower the care required and the required regeneration time.
  • the base layer contains various other materials that provide the other required properties of the base layer.
  • the base course has to be well permeable to water in order to avoid flooding the hybrid lawn during heavy rainfall. For this reason drainage systems are often installed inside the base course to remove water.
  • the support layer has the task to provide a lasting flatness of the hybrid lawn, even with regular load.
  • the base layer contains quartz sand and / or natural sand as the largest constituent. The proportion of these sands is usually 60-80 percent by volume. Grain sizes between 0.02 mm and 4 mm have proven to be particularly favorable.
  • lava may be part of the base course. Usually, lava is added in the proportion of 0 - 18 volume percent (volume%) of the support layer.
  • an interval is specified, which is described by an upper and lower limit.
  • an upper limit for example, the following values are provided: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 or 25% by volume.
  • the lower limits are, for example, the following values: 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 or 12% by volume.
  • the disclosure of this application includes the amount of all intervals which consists of all possible technically correct combinations of the aforementioned upper and lower limits.
  • an interval is specified, which is described by an upper and lower limit.
  • the upper limit is, for example, the following values: 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5 or 6 mm.
  • the lower limits are, for example, the following values: 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, 0.85, 1, 1.3, 1.5, 1.7, 2, 2.5, 3 or 4 mm.
  • the disclosure of this application includes the amount of all intervals which consists of all possible technically correct combinations of the aforementioned upper and lower limits.
  • topsoil Another component of the base layer, in particular to a proportion of 5 to 20 percent by volume, is topsoil.
  • an interval is given, which is described by an upper and lower limit.
  • an upper limit for example, the following values are provided: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25, 28 or 30% by volume.
  • the lower limits are, for example, the following values: 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 or 12% by volume.
  • the disclosure of this application includes the amount of all intervals which consists of all possible technically correct combinations of the aforementioned upper and lower limits.
  • Suitable topsoil for a base course is defined in the standard DIN 18300 as soil class 1 as topsoil or topsoil and contains inorganic material as well as humus and soil organisms. Also suitable are flowing soil types, as classified in the standard DIN 18915 as floor group 2.
  • peat As a further suitable constituent of the support layer, peat, ideally to a proportion of 3 - 11 volume percent (volume%) resulted.
  • Hochmoortorf or74feintorf can be used well.
  • an interval is specified, which is described by an upper and lower limit.
  • the following values are provided as the upper limit: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12 or 13% by volume.
  • the lower limits are, for example, the following values: 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6 or 8% by volume.
  • the disclosure of this application includes the amount of all intervals which consists of all possible technically correct combinations of the aforementioned upper and lower limits.
  • a base layer of natural cork in particular in a grain size between 0.5 mm and 20 mm, preferably between 3 mm and 7 mm are used.
  • an interval is specified, which is described by an upper and lower limit.
  • the upper limit is, for example, the following values: 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 17 or 20 mm.
  • the lower limits are, for example, the following values: 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 12 or 15 mm.
  • the disclosure of this application includes the amount of all intervals which consists of all possible technically correct combinations of the aforementioned upper and lower limits.
  • the proportion of natural cork may be in the range of 0 - 13 volume percent (volume%).
  • an interval is specified, which is described by an upper and lower limit.
  • the upper limit is, for example, the following values: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 or 13% by volume.
  • the lower limits are, for example, the following values: 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4 or 6% by volume.
  • the disclosure of this application includes the amount of all intervals which consists of all possible technically correct combinations of the aforementioned upper and lower limits.
  • constituents of a base layer listed here have proven to be particularly favorable in practice. Of course, however, other and further components may be contained in the support layer. In addition, other particle sizes or volume fractions than the stated sizes or proportions of the constituents in a support layer are also part of the invention and disclosed.
  • the layer thickness of the support layer is between 30 mm and 300 mm, in particular between 60 mm and 200 mm.
  • the base layer may be designed differently thick depending on the location and desired properties of the hybrid lawn. Thicknesses between 60 mm and 200 mm have proven to be particularly favorable. Also suitable are thicknesses between 30 mm and 300 mm. In addition, however, thinner or thicker support layer are also covered by the invention.
  • an interval is specified, which is described by an upper and lower limit.
  • the upper limit is, for example, the following values: 150 mm, 200 mm, 250 mm and 300 mm.
  • the lower limits are, for example, the following values: 30 mm, 45 mm, 75 mm, 60 mm and 90 mm.
  • the disclosure of this application includes the set of all intervals which consists of all possible combinations of the aforementioned upper and lower limits.
  • the proportion of the reinforcing fibers on the support layer is between 0.05 and 10% by weight, in particular between 0.1 and 4% by weight.
  • the proportion of reinforcing fibers in the base layer is relevant to the achieved shear strength of the base layer.
  • a proportion between 0.1 and 4% by weight of the reinforcing fibers on the base layer has proven to be particularly favorable for the shear strength. Good results can be achieved with proportions of the reinforcing fibers in the range between 0.05 and 10% by weight of the base layer.
  • larger or smaller proportions of the reinforcing fibers on the base layer are also part of the invention.
  • the percentage of reinforcing fibers is given as an interval, which is described by an upper and lower limit.
  • the upper limit is, for example, the following values: 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10% by weight.
  • the lower limits are, for example, the following values: 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 4% by weight.
  • the disclosure of this application includes the amount of all intervals which consists of all possible technically correct combinations of the aforementioned upper and lower limits.
  • the length of the reinforcing fibers is between 15 mm and 700 mm, in particular between 30 mm and 500 mm.
  • the length of the reinforcing fibers also has an influence on the achieved shear strength of the base course.
  • it plays a role in how the fibers are introduced into the support layer. If the fibers are mixed into the base layer before application of the hybrid turf, other fiber lengths may be optimal than with subsequent introduction of the reinforcing fibers into an already laid turf or already laid base course. Particularly favorable results can be achieved with reinforcing fibers achieve a length between 30 mm and 500 mm. Good shear strength is also achieved in the range between 15 mm and 700 mm.
  • an interval is specified, which is described by an upper and lower limit.
  • the upper limits are, for example, the following values: 90 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, 250 mm, 300 mm, 350 mm, 400 mm, 450 mm, 500 mm, 550 mm, 600 mm, 650 mm and 700 mm.
  • the lower limits are, for example, the following values: 15 mm, 30 mm, 45 mm, 60 mm, 75 mm and 100 mm.
  • the disclosure of this application encompasses the set of all intervals, which consists of all possible, technically meaningful combinations of the aforementioned upper and lower limits.
  • the thickness of the reinforcing fibers is between 0.05 mm and 2 mm, in particular between 0.1 mm and 1 mm.
  • the thickness of the reinforcing fibers also has an influence on the mechanical strength of the base layer and thus of the hybrid turf. Particularly favorable results have been found in a thickness of the reinforcing fibers between 0.1 mm and 1 mm. However, also in the range between 0.05 mm and 2 mm for the thickness of the reinforcing fibers show very good results.
  • larger or smaller thicknesses of the reinforcing fibers are disclosed with the invention. For the thickness of the reinforcing fibers an interval is given, which is described by an upper and lower limit.
  • the upper limit is, for example, the following values: 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm and 3 mm.
  • the lower limits are, for example, the following values: 0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm and 0.6 mm.
  • the disclosure of this application encompasses the set of all intervals, which consists of all possible, technically meaningful combinations of the aforementioned upper and lower limits.
  • the reinforcing fibers are arranged in the support layer oriented substantially vertically and in particular from the support layer projecting upwards.
  • the reinforcing fibers extend substantially vertically within the support layer.
  • the reinforcement fibers protrude from the top of the base layer and thus also run inside the natural grass on the base course.
  • the natural grass is additionally reinforced by the reinforcing fibers and the playability for ball sports improved.
  • a vertical course of the reinforcing fibers in the support layer can be produced, for example, by a subsequent introduction of the reinforcing fibers into the turf structure.
  • the base layer is first applied and applied to the surface of natural grass.
  • a sports floor or hybrid turf is produced in this structure in that reinforcing fibers are introduced or implanted by machine or by hand in the existing construction of base course and turf.
  • a common method for this subsequent introduction of reinforcing fibers is known in the art as "Taften".
  • the reinforcing fibers within the support layer in different directions, distributed randomly and at least partially there is a toothing between the individual reinforcing fibers.
  • the reinforcing fibers are disordered within the support layer. This means that there is no preferred or conscious direction in which the fibers run. Between the individual randomly distributed present fibers occurs at least partially to a toothing of the individual reinforcing fibers with each other. The fibers touch each other, hook into each other or are partially wrapped around each other. This creates an interaction between the individual fibers, which corresponds to a kind of networking. This networking or gearing ensures the desired improvement in the shear strength of the base layer.
  • the hybrid turf can be used much more intensively without heavy wear and requires less regeneration times.
  • Such a disordered presence of the reinforcing fibers in the support layer can be produced, for example, by mixing the reinforcing fibers with the other constituents of the support layer before the application of the base support layer.
  • the base layer thus mixed with reinforcing fibers is then applied to the floor of the sports facility and applied as the topmost layer of natural grass.
  • the randomly present reinforcing fibers in the base layer have proven to be particularly favorable for stabilizing the root zone of the natural grass.
  • reinforcing fibers are introduced into an already created turf structure subsequently in a disordered direction.
  • the reinforcing fibers are net-like or fabric-like in the support layer.
  • reinforcing fibers in ordered form are net-like or fabric-like in the support layer.
  • Such an ordered shape provides a particularly good improvement in the shear strength of the backing layer along the direction of the reinforcing fibers. It is possible here to arrange different net-like or fabric-like arrangements one above the other, wherein the direction of the fiber progressions is in each case slightly offset from one another. This in turn allows excellent shear strengths to be generated in different directions.
  • Such mesh-like or fabric-like executed reinforcing fibers can be introduced, for example, characterized in that a portion of the support layer is first distributed on the ground, then the reticulated reinforcing fibers are placed and then further support layer material is filled.
  • the reinforcing fibers are designed, for example, as roll goods or web goods and are opened a pad rolled out.
  • This stratified application of the support layer can of course also be done with multiple layers of reinforcing fibers.
  • a combination of different arrangements of the reinforcing fibers within the base layer can be used with an ordered present layer of fibers in combination to produce special properties of the hybrid lawn.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by methods for preparing a base layer according to one of the embodiments described, comprising the method steps: activation of the reinforcing fibers, in particular composting of the base layer.
  • activation of the reinforcing fibers in particular composting of the base layer.
  • a used support layer of a hybrid lawn is processed.
  • the activation threshold of the reinforcing fibers is exceeded, whereby then a biodegradability of the reinforcing fibers is given.
  • the reinforcing fibers that behave stably when used in the hybrid lawn are now completely degraded after activation, ie after the activation threshold has been exceeded, so that after a certain time they are no longer present in the base course.
  • the activation in particular composting with temperatures higher than 50 ° C takes place.
  • the activation of the reinforcing fibers by temperatures of greater than 50 ° C, 55 ° C, 60 ° C, 65 ° C or 70 ° C. These temperatures will be achieved particularly easily in the context of an industrial composting, in which temperatures at this level or even above are common and common. Due to this ease of activation temperatures in industrial composting plants, opportunities for activation and thus degradation of the reinforcing fibers are easily and inexpensively accessible.
  • the support layer is removed from the soil before activation / composting.
  • the support layer is first removed from the floor of the sports venue and then fed to the activation or composting, where then the degradation of the reinforcing fibers takes place.
  • the base layer is used as biomaterial / earth, in particular for the construction of a base layer according to one of the already described embodiments.
  • the material of the used support layer is used after the degradation of the reinforcing fibers for the construction of a new support layer.
  • the treated material can also be used for other applications, for example in agriculture, horticulture or the like, since it now free of plastics. Due to the complete freedom of the material from plastic remnants, it can also be used in nature, for example for the creation of biotopes or the like.
  • Fig. 1 shows a three-dimensional, sectional view of a first embodiment of a support layer according to the invention in a sports floor.
  • a sports floor here is to understand the totality of all layers that form the background for the practice of sports.
  • a sports floor formed by a hybrid lawn contains artificial fibers in at least one of its layers and is otherwise naturally constructed.
  • the base of the shown sports floor is a floor 4.
  • Under a floor 4 is here to understand any surface that naturally prevails or already exists at the place where the sports floor should be created. This floor 4 is leveled before the construction of the sports floor and possibly otherwise pretreated as needed, for example, compressed, so that it forms a good surface for the subsequent supporting layer 1.
  • the base layer 1 is located as in Fig. 1 On the floor 4 above the support layer is again the lawn 3.
  • the lawn 3 is usually formed by a natural turf.
  • the shown sports floor with a turf 3 the turf 3 being formed by an artificial turf.
  • Lawn 3 is thus to be understood as the area in which the blades of a natural or artificial turf project out of the base layer 1.
  • the roots of a lawn 3 formed by a natural turf are located, at least for the most part, within the base layer 1.
  • the athletes directly contact the sports floor.
  • Essential for the function of the shown sports floor and the base layer 1 are the reinforcing fibers 2, which in the Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of a support layer extend substantially vertically.
  • This standing of the reinforcing fibers 2 into or through the lawn 3 provides additional solidification and thus more intensive usability of the lawn 3.
  • the reinforcing fibers 2 also provide consolidation, resulting in improved shear strength of the entire sports floor.
  • the reinforcing fibers were 2 after the application of the support layer 1 and the lawn 3 on the bottom 4 subsequently implanted from above into the support layer 1. This can be done by hand or with the aid of a device or machine.
  • the reinforcing fibers 2 were taken approximately in the middle of their length by a tool and then pushed in the vertical direction through the turf 3 into the base layer 1.
  • reinforcing fibers 2 can also be introduced into the base layer 1 by other methods or with other aids in such a way that, as in the case shown, they extend essentially in the vertical direction.
  • Fig. 2 shows a three-dimensional, sectional view of a second embodiment of a support layer according to the invention in one Sports ground.
  • the construction of the sports ground in Fig. 2 is shown, consists of the same layers as those in Fig. 1 already described.
  • the reinforcing fibers 2 are in the Fig. 2 illustrated embodiment of the support layer 1 disordered and extending in different directions before. Due to the fact that the reinforcing fibers run in a disordered manner and along the course of the fibers changing spatial directions, there is a mutual entanglement or mutual interlocking of the reinforcing fibers 2.
  • the reinforcing fibers 2 can be dyed green so that they are barely distinguishable from the appearance of the natural blades of grass.
  • the introduction of the reinforcing fibers in the in Fig. 2 illustrated embodiment of a support layer is advantageously already before the application of the support layer 1.
  • the reinforcing fibers 2 can even before the construction of the sports floor evenly mixed with the other materials of the support layer 1. This saves time when building the sports ground at the sports venue.
  • the reinforcing fibers 2 can also be introduced after the application of the lawn 3 in the support layer 1.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 embodiments of a support layer shown are also combined with each other, so that both unordered as well as ordered introduced reinforcing fibers 2 are present in a support layer 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows a three-dimensional, sectional view of a third embodiment of a support layer according to the invention in a sports floor.
  • Fig. 3 shown embodiment of a support layer 1 the layer structure is identical to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 .
  • the reinforcing fibers 2 are in the illustrated embodiment in a kind of fabric or mesh. This means that the fibers are regularly arranged in a certain way. In the illustrated case, the fibers are substantially horizontal and either parallel to each other or they take a 90 ° angle to each other. This arrangement of the reinforcing fibers provides for a particularly good solidification of the support layer in the direction of the reinforcing fibers 2. Since the reinforcing fibers 2 in the in Fig.
  • FIG. 3 illustrated embodiment substantially only in two horizontal directions, which are 90 ° to each other, run, the strength of the support layer 1 in these directions is particularly large, in contrast, lower in other directions. Therefore, a plurality of fabrics or nets of reinforcing fibers 2, which are twisted relative to each other with respect to the fiber direction, can be introduced into the base layer 1.
  • the support layer 1 is solidified in other directions.
  • the introduction of a network or fabric of reinforcing fibers 2 can be carried out particularly favorable during the application of the support layer 1 on the floor 4. It is also possible parallel to that Fig. 3 shown to provide a network or fabric of reinforcing fibers 2 more such networks or fabric, of which a layer may also be provided at the boundary between the base layer 1 and 3 lawn.
  • a solidification of the root zone of the turf 3 is achieved, which in turn increases the wear resistance of the sports floor.
  • Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment of a support layer 1 can with one or both embodiments, in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 shown are used in combination.
  • the invention comprises a support layer for turf comprising plastic reinforcement fibers, said reinforcement fibers being substantially non-biodegradable under ambient conditions when used as a support layer in the ground, said reinforcement fibers having an activation threshold above which the reinforcement fibers are substantially completely biodegradable ,
  • the reinforcing fibers consist of a material from the group polylactides (PLA) or the group polyhydroxyalkanoates, in particular polyhydroxybutyric acid (PHB) or the group polyvinyl alcohols (PVA).
  • PLA group polylactides
  • PHB polyhydroxybutyric acid
  • PVA group polyvinyl alcohols

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
EP16183630.9A 2015-08-11 2016-08-10 Couche portante de gazon renforcée par des fibres et procédé de préparation de celui-ci Active EP3130704B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16183630T PL3130704T3 (pl) 2015-08-11 2016-08-10 Zbrojona włóknami warstwa nośna murawy i sposób jej obróbki

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015113210.9A DE102015113210A1 (de) 2015-08-11 2015-08-11 Faserbewehrte Rasentragschicht

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3130704A1 true EP3130704A1 (fr) 2017-02-15
EP3130704B1 EP3130704B1 (fr) 2019-07-17
EP3130704B2 EP3130704B2 (fr) 2023-02-22

Family

ID=56682007

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16183630.9A Active EP3130704B2 (fr) 2015-08-11 2016-08-10 Couche portante de gazon renforcée par des fibres et procédé de préparation de celui-ci

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3130704B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102015113210A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK3130704T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2750589T5 (fr)
PL (1) PL3130704T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT3130704T (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10590577B2 (en) 2016-08-02 2020-03-17 Fitesa Germany Gmbh System and process for preparing polylactic acid nonwoven fabrics
WO2020249521A1 (fr) * 2019-06-11 2020-12-17 EuroSportsTurf GmbH Machine et procédé pour traiter une couche de support d'un terrain engazonné et terrain engazonné
EP3959966A1 (fr) * 2020-08-31 2022-03-02 Gebrüder Peiffer GbR Fertigrasen - Zuchtbetrieb Gazon en rouleau renforcé par des fibres naturelles
US11441251B2 (en) 2016-08-16 2022-09-13 Fitesa Germany Gmbh Nonwoven fabrics comprising polylactic acid having improved strength and toughness

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017113307A1 (de) * 2017-06-16 2018-12-20 Intergreen Ag Sportplatzoberbau und Sportplatz
EP3467203A1 (fr) 2017-10-06 2019-04-10 Polytex Sportbeläge Produktions-GmbH Gazon compostable comportant un inhibiteur de décomposition
WO2024105498A1 (fr) * 2022-11-18 2024-05-23 Biopolymer Swiss Ag Gazon hybride

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992005316A1 (fr) * 1990-09-21 1992-04-02 Heckmondwike Fb Limited Materiau de stabilisation de sol
US5586408A (en) * 1992-06-22 1996-12-24 Turf Systems International, Inc. Surface for sports and other uses
WO1998023817A1 (fr) 1996-11-29 1998-06-04 Hugo De Vries Gazon combine
DE69330046T2 (de) 1992-10-02 2001-11-15 Cargill, Inc. Schmelzstabiles lactidpolymergewebe und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
AU9730801A (en) 1997-06-06 2002-02-14 Technology Licensing Corp. Stabilized turf for athletic field
DE10063949A1 (de) 2000-12-20 2002-06-27 Basf Ag Verfahren zum Abbau von biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren
DE69825997T2 (de) 1997-06-06 2005-01-27 Technology Licensing Corp., Newtown Stabilisierter natürlicher rasen für einen sportplatz
US20050183329A1 (en) 2004-02-16 2005-08-25 Cederblad Hans O. Biodegradable netting
US8188013B2 (en) 2005-01-31 2012-05-29 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Self-degrading fibers and associated methods of use and manufacture
CN102797073A (zh) 2012-08-14 2012-11-28 青岛青禾人造草坪有限公司 一种可降解人造草丝及其制备方法
WO2012159145A1 (fr) * 2011-05-23 2012-11-29 Hg Sports Turf Pty Ltd Gazon amélioré repositionnable

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8501610A (nl) † 1985-06-04 1987-01-02 Hollandsche Betongroep Nv Sportveld.
DE202007009371U1 (de) † 2007-05-10 2007-11-22 Fa. H. Cordel U. Sohn Inh. Karlheinz Cordel Als Vegetations- und Tragschicht für natürliche Sportrasen dienendes Einbaumaterial
AT507306B1 (de) † 2008-08-26 2010-07-15 Thomas Dipl Ing Eichenauer Einbaustoffe (erddochte) und deren mischung mit bodenmaterialien

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992005316A1 (fr) * 1990-09-21 1992-04-02 Heckmondwike Fb Limited Materiau de stabilisation de sol
US5586408A (en) * 1992-06-22 1996-12-24 Turf Systems International, Inc. Surface for sports and other uses
DE69330046T2 (de) 1992-10-02 2001-11-15 Cargill, Inc. Schmelzstabiles lactidpolymergewebe und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
WO1998023817A1 (fr) 1996-11-29 1998-06-04 Hugo De Vries Gazon combine
AU9730801A (en) 1997-06-06 2002-02-14 Technology Licensing Corp. Stabilized turf for athletic field
DE69825997T2 (de) 1997-06-06 2005-01-27 Technology Licensing Corp., Newtown Stabilisierter natürlicher rasen für einen sportplatz
DE10063949A1 (de) 2000-12-20 2002-06-27 Basf Ag Verfahren zum Abbau von biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren
US20050183329A1 (en) 2004-02-16 2005-08-25 Cederblad Hans O. Biodegradable netting
US7326659B2 (en) 2004-02-16 2008-02-05 Conwed Plastics Llc Biodegradable netting
US8188013B2 (en) 2005-01-31 2012-05-29 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Self-degrading fibers and associated methods of use and manufacture
WO2012159145A1 (fr) * 2011-05-23 2012-11-29 Hg Sports Turf Pty Ltd Gazon amélioré repositionnable
CN102797073A (zh) 2012-08-14 2012-11-28 青岛青禾人造草坪有限公司 一种可降解人造草丝及其制备方法

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10590577B2 (en) 2016-08-02 2020-03-17 Fitesa Germany Gmbh System and process for preparing polylactic acid nonwoven fabrics
US11441251B2 (en) 2016-08-16 2022-09-13 Fitesa Germany Gmbh Nonwoven fabrics comprising polylactic acid having improved strength and toughness
WO2020249521A1 (fr) * 2019-06-11 2020-12-17 EuroSportsTurf GmbH Machine et procédé pour traiter une couche de support d'un terrain engazonné et terrain engazonné
EP3959966A1 (fr) * 2020-08-31 2022-03-02 Gebrüder Peiffer GbR Fertigrasen - Zuchtbetrieb Gazon en rouleau renforcé par des fibres naturelles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3130704B2 (fr) 2023-02-22
PT3130704T (pt) 2019-10-25
DK3130704T3 (da) 2019-10-21
ES2750589T5 (es) 2023-06-19
DE102015113210A1 (de) 2017-02-16
EP3130704B1 (fr) 2019-07-17
ES2750589T3 (es) 2020-03-26
PL3130704T3 (pl) 2020-03-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3130704B1 (fr) Couche portante de gazon renforcée par des fibres et procédé de préparation de celle-ci
DE102010007552B4 (de) Vegetationselement zur Begrünung von künstlichen nicht erdgebundenen Flächen mit niederen und/oder höheren Pflanzen sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung des Vegetationselements
DE3938738C2 (fr)
EP0991313A1 (fr) Support de vegetation constitue d'une natte de fibres organiques entremelees
WO2020187552A1 (fr) Bande de matériau géologique pourvue de propriétés de biodégradation
DE102017113307A1 (de) Sportplatzoberbau und Sportplatz
DE102008061720B4 (de) Kunststoffformteil, insbesondere Pflanzgefäß
WO2021160517A1 (fr) Dispositif de protection et consolidation de talus
DE202015104216U1 (de) Faserbewehrte Rasentragschicht
DE102007022406B3 (de) Als Vegetations- und Tragschicht für natürliche Sportrasen dienendes Einbaumaterial
DE102016103065B3 (de) Trockenlegungselement für Pflanzen und dessen Verwendung
EP0700883A1 (fr) Substrat de sol manipulable pour végétation, son procédé de fabrication et son utilisation
DE19800842C2 (de) Kunststoff-Faden
EP1753919A1 (fr) Tapis de protection contre l'erosion a matrice fibreuse cellulosique et procede pour fabriquer des tapis de protection contre l'erosion a matrice fibreuse cellulosique
DE202017001062U1 (de) Vulkangestein-Streugut für Garten-/Landschaftsbau und Agraranwendungen
DE102007027064B4 (de) Flächengebilde umfassend einen Träger, eine Wachstumsmatrix und einen biologischen Stoff sowie dessen Herstellung und Verwendung
EP1111987B1 (fr) Gazon precultive
EP3959966A1 (fr) Gazon en rouleau renforcé par des fibres naturelles
DE3932877A1 (de) Erosionsschutz- und/oder untergrundstabilisationsmatte
WO2023072326A1 (fr) Agencement d'engrais
EP2921044A1 (fr) Gazon artificiel et procédé de fabrication d'un gazon artificiel
AT397176B (de) Verfahren zur fruchtbarmachung und/oder verfestigung trockener, insbesondere sandiger und/oder felsiger böden
DE20001583U1 (de) Geovliesmatten aus biologisch abbaubarem organischem Fasermaterial
DE29503952U1 (de) Festes Mulchelement
EP1564279A1 (fr) Revêtement de sol pour milieu extérieur

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20170811

RAV Requested validation state of the european patent: fee paid

Extension state: MD

Effective date: 20170811

Extension state: MA

Effective date: 20170811

RAX Requested extension states of the european patent have changed

Extension state: BA

Payment date: 20170811

Extension state: ME

Payment date: 20170811

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: E01C 13/08 20060101ALI20171204BHEP

Ipc: E01C 13/02 20060101AFI20171204BHEP

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

TPAC Observations filed by third parties

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNTIPA

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20180112

GRAJ Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: DE

Ref document number: 1237007

Country of ref document: HK

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20180315

INTC Intention to grant announced (deleted)
GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20190306

TPAC Observations filed by third parties

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNTIPA

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502016005558

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1155939

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20190815

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

Effective date: 20191015

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: FP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: SC4A

Ref document number: 3130704

Country of ref document: PT

Date of ref document: 20191025

Kind code of ref document: T

Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION

Effective date: 20191003

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: ISLER AND PEDRAZZINI AG, CH

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20191017

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20191017

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SK

Ref legal event code: T3

Ref document number: E 32649

Country of ref document: SK

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20191117

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20191018

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2750589

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20200326

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R026

Ref document number: 502016005558

Country of ref document: DE

PLBI Opposition filed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

VS25 Lapsed in a validation state [announced via postgrant information from nat. office to epo]

Ref country code: MD

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

26 Opposition filed

Opponent name: INTERGREEN AG

Effective date: 20200417

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200224

PLAX Notice of opposition and request to file observation + time limit sent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNOBS2

PG2D Information on lapse in contracting state deleted

Ref country code: IS

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190810

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

PLBB Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition received

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNOBS3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

VS25 Lapsed in a validation state [announced via postgrant information from nat. office to epo]

Ref country code: MA

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20160810

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20210819

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20210830

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: CZ

Payment date: 20210810

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20210819

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20210802

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: SK

Payment date: 20210806

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20210823

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Payment date: 20210729

Year of fee payment: 6

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190717

PUAH Patent maintained in amended form

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009272

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: PATENT MAINTAINED AS AMENDED

27A Patent maintained in amended form

Effective date: 20230222

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B2

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R102

Ref document number: 502016005558

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 502016005558

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: PATENTANWAELTE OLBRICHT, BUCHHOLD, KEULERTZ PA, DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

Effective date: 20220831

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SK

Ref legal event code: MM4A

Ref document number: E 32649

Country of ref document: SK

Effective date: 20220810

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230210

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220810

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220810

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20220831

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: FP

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220810

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: DC2A

Ref document number: 2750589

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T5

Effective date: 20230619

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230630

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220810

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220831

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220831

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20230906

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20230831

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20231027

Year of fee payment: 8

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: WD

Ref document number: 1237007

Country of ref document: HK

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20240826

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240831

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20240830

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20240830

Year of fee payment: 9