EP3128679B1 - Coupleur pour communication de ligne électrique et d'alimentation électrique par câble ethernet - Google Patents

Coupleur pour communication de ligne électrique et d'alimentation électrique par câble ethernet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3128679B1
EP3128679B1 EP16169042.5A EP16169042A EP3128679B1 EP 3128679 B1 EP3128679 B1 EP 3128679B1 EP 16169042 A EP16169042 A EP 16169042A EP 3128679 B1 EP3128679 B1 EP 3128679B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
poe
power
plc
coupler
ethernet
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EP16169042.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3128679A1 (fr
Inventor
Gregory Lloyd SHEFFIELD
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Boeing Co
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Boeing Co
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/02—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks using a single network for simultaneous distribution of power at different frequencies; using a single network for simultaneous distribution of ac power and of dc power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H04B3/542—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines the information being in digital form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H04B3/56—Circuits for coupling, blocking, or by-passing of signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/10—Current supply arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0654—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery
    • H04L41/0659—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery by isolating or reconfiguring faulty entities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5462—Systems for power line communications
    • H04B2203/547—Systems for power line communications via DC power distribution
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5462—Systems for power line communications
    • H04B2203/5483—Systems for power line communications using coupling circuits

Definitions

  • the field of the disclosure relates generally to power distribution and communication buses and, more specifically, to a power line communication to power-over-Ethernet coupler.
  • US2005/281326 discloses a transceiver device for coupling between power lines and a network interface.
  • US2008/116745 discloses a device for providing both power and network signals from a powerline network.
  • US2010/049994 discloses a device for enabling universal power-over-Ethernet capabilities.
  • WO02/065684 discloses a powerline coupler which is configured to transmit data signals over a powerline wherein signals are applied to a transformer connected to the powerline via capacitors.
  • a coupler according to claim 1 is provided.
  • a system for power distribution and communication according to claim 5 is provided.
  • a method of communicating over a PLC bus according to claim 7 is provided.
  • Power-over-Ethernet is a technology used to deliver electrical power and data over Ethernet cabling. Power may be carried on dedicated power conductors, or together with data. For example, in 10Base-T, two twisted-pairs are used for data, leaving the others for power transmission. When power and data share conductors, power can be transmitted by a common-mode voltage applied to each twisted-pair. A POE device extracts the power using a center tap of an Ethernet pulse transformer. POE techniques are partially standardized in IEEE 802.3, where a POE device is referred to as a powered device (PD) and power sourcing circuitry is referred to as power source equipment (PSE). POE facilitates communication between PSE and a PD to control power delivery.
  • PD powered device
  • PSE power source equipment
  • PLC Power line communication
  • AC alternating current
  • Hz Hertz
  • carrier frequencies are chosen that avoid the 50 or 60 Hz band, while providing sufficient range, bandwidth, and data rates for the application.
  • higher bandwidth is achieved at the expense of range.
  • Many power lines are ill-suited for high-frequency communication given the distances they span.
  • amplitude modulation is common in PLC systems.
  • a PLC bus can serve multiple POE devices having various power and communication demands.
  • Multiple POE nodes can be coupled to the PLC bus through respective coupler devices, each coupler providing pass-through for power and PLC signals, and also forming a POE branch to which a POE device can couple.
  • each coupler can provide over-current protection to a connected POE device. Additionally, such protection serves to isolate a faulty POE branch from downstream POE branches and POE devices.
  • exemplary embodiments may provide a coupler that interfaces between a PLC bus and a POE device. More specifically, an embodiment coupler provides pass-through transmission of power and PLC signals through first and second connectors. Coupler embodiments further provide current-limited power to a POE branch via a third connector. Coupler embodiments further provide conversion between PLC and Ethernet protocols.
  • Exemplary technical effect of the methods, systems, and apparatus described herein include at least one of: (a) sharing of conductors between power distribution and communication functions; (b) reduced wiring weight, installation cost, and maintenance cost by eliminating dedicated conductors; (c) ability to couple multiple power sources to a PLC bus while providing multiple POE nodes; (d) over-current protection of POE devices; (e) programmable current limits in over-current protection; and (f) fault isolation with respect to various POE devices coupled to POE nodes formed by the PLC bus and couplers.
  • FIG. 1 is block diagram of one embodiment of a system 100 for power distribution and communication.
  • System 100 includes a power line 110.
  • Power line 110 includes one or more conductors configured to conduct PLC signals as well as power.
  • Power line 110 is also referred to as a PLC bus.
  • System 100 also includes multiple POE branches 120 that are respectively coupled to power line 110 by couplers 130.
  • POE branches 120 include standard Ethernet cabling for transmission of both data and power to multiple POE devices 140.
  • POE devices 140 also referred to as powered devices, include any electronic device configured to receive a POE signal and extract the power signal to power itself or another electronic component.
  • Each of couplers 130 are configured to form the respective POE branches 120 by converting between PLC signals and POE signals, and by providing current-limited power to a POE transformer from power line 110. Couplers 130 each provide over-current protection to their respective POE devices 140. When an over-current occurs at a POE device 140, the corresponding coupler 130 isolates that POE device 140 and POE branch 120 from the remaining POE devices 140. Couplers 130 prevent faults and noise originating on the POE branches 120 from feeding back into power line 110 and other POE branches 120 and POE devices 140.
  • System 100 also includes a power source 150.
  • Power source 150 can be any suitable power source for system 100 based on the power demands and communication demands.
  • each of POE devices 140 may have a different power demand and, further, may have varying communication demands with respect to data rates, bandwidth, and range.
  • the respective couplers 130 for POE devices 140 may, in certain embodiments, be programmed to limit the power that can be delivered to a particular POE device. For example, if one of POE devices 140 is a remote sensor rated for no more than 200 milliamps, then the corresponding coupler of couplers 130 could be programmed to limit current on its POE branch 120 to 200 milliamps.
  • Power line 110 couples to power source 150 through a band pass filter 160, a voltage converter 170, and a circuit breaker 180.
  • Circuit breaker 180 is generally rated for the current capacity of power line 110 to protect power line 110 itself.
  • Each of couplers 130 would similarly be rated for that current capacity with respect to pass-through current.
  • power line 110 is coupled to multiple power sources, each being similarly isolatable by a circuit breaker, such as circuit breaker 180.
  • Power line 110 in such an embodiment, could be arranged in a ring bus architecture.
  • Voltage converter 170 is configured to convert power delivered by power source 150 to a suitable level for power line 110 and its associated PLC bus specifications. Voltage converter 170 may include one or more voltage conversion stages to condition the power for use on power line 110.
  • Band pass filter 160 is configured to block communication signals from radiating beyond power line 110. More specifically, band pass filter 160 prevents PLC signals from radiating into voltage converter 170, circuit breaker 180, and power source 150.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a coupler 200.
  • Coupler 200 includes a connector 202, a connector 204, and a connector 206, also referred to as connectors J1, J2, and J3, respectively.
  • Connector 202 and connector 204 are coupled to a PLC bus 208 that includes a first conductor 210 and a second conductor 212.
  • PLC bus 208 is configured to conduct both power and PLC signals between connector 202 and connector 204, which facilitates a pass-through of power and communication.
  • PLC bus 208 conducts direct current (DC) power.
  • DC direct current
  • PLC bus 208 conducts amplitude modulated PLC signals.
  • Connector 206 is a POE interface for a POE device, such as, for example, POE devices 140 (shown in FIG. 1 ).
  • connector 202 and connector 204 are Twinax connectors having two co-axial conductors and shielding. Further, the Twinax connectors are impedance matched for PLC communication, which is suitable for installation in aircraft. In alternative embodiments, connector 202 and connector 204 are any suitable connector for PLC bus 208. In certain embodiments, connector 206 is a Quadrax connector having four conductors and shielding. Further, the Quadrax connector is impedance matched for Ethernet transmissions. In alternative embodiments, connector 206 can be any suitable connector for POE transmissions.
  • Coupler 200 further includes a first diode 214 and a second diode 216 respectively coupled to first conductor 210 and second conductor 212.
  • First diode 214 and second diode 216 are coupled between PLC bus 208 and a power sourcing circuit 218, and operate as a rectifier.
  • Power sourcing circuit 218, also referred to as power sourcing equipment includes a circuit breaker for limiting current through connector 206 to the POE branch and the POE device.
  • the circuit breaker has a programmable current limit that can be customized to a particular POE device power demand. The current limit can be programmed, for example, and without limitation, in the field and during manufacturing.
  • Coupler 200 also includes a transformer 220 having a first winding capacitively coupled to PLC bus 208 by a first capacitor 222 and a second capacitor 224.
  • a second winding of transformer 220 is coupled to a PLC-to-Ethernet converter 226.
  • PLC-to-Ethernet converter 226 converts between PLC signals and Ethernet signals.
  • the capacitive coupling of transformer 220 to PLC bus 208 helps prevent faults and noise originating on the POE branch from feeding back onto PLC bus 208.
  • transformer 220 conditions PLC signals for conversion to Ethernet signals.
  • transformer 220 conditions PLC signals, which are converted from Ethernet signals, for transmission on PLC bus 208.
  • Ethernet transformer 228 is an Ethernet pulse transformer.
  • Ethernet transformer 228 includes a receive (RX) stage and a transmit (TX) stage, each coupled to PLC-to-Ethernet converter 226 via differential pairs 230 and 232.
  • Ethernet transformer 228 is configured to condition received Ethernet signals for conversion to PLC signals.
  • Ethernet transformer 228 is further configured to condition signals for transmission over the POE branch.
  • the RX and TX stages of Ethernet transformer 228 each include a center tap coupled to power sourcing circuit 218.
  • the RX stage is configured to extract a power signal on center tap 234 from a received POE signal on a RX differential pair 238.
  • Ethernet transformer 228 conditions the received differential Ethernet signal to voltage levels suitable for PLC-to-Ethernet converter 226.
  • the TX stage is configured to inject a power signal on center tap 236 into a transmit POE signal on a TX differential pair 240.
  • Ethernet transformer 228 conditions the transmit Ethernet signal for transmission through connector 206 onto the POE branch by applying a common mode voltage to TX differential pair 240.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a POE device 300.
  • POE device 300 includes a local communication bus 302 and a local power bus 304.
  • local communication bus 302 includes a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus, or any other suitable communication bus for POE device 300.
  • POE device 300 also includes a connector 306 for transmitting and receiving POE signals.
  • Connector 306 is also referred to as connector J1.
  • Connector 306 includes a transmit differential pair 308 and a receive differential pair 310.
  • a transmit message originates on local communication bus 302, which is coupled to an Ethernet machine access controller (MAC) and physical (PHY) module 312.
  • Ethernet MAC & PHY module 312 is configured to convert the transmit message to a differential signal for Ethernet transmission.
  • the differential signal is passed to an Ethernet transformer 314; where it is conditioned for Ethernet transmission over transmit differential pair 308.
  • a received message originates on a PLC bus, such as PLC bus 208 (shown in FIG. 2 ), and converted to a POE signal that arrives at connector 306 on receive differential pair 310.
  • Ethernet transformer 314 conditions the POE signal for conversion by Ethernet MAC & PHY module 312 to local communication bus 302.
  • Ethernet transformer 31 like Ethernet transformer 228 (shown in FIG. 2 ), includes an RX stage and a TX stage, each having a center tap.
  • the TX stage includes a center tap 316 through which a common mode voltage is applied to the outgoing Ethernet signal on transmit differential pair 308.
  • the RX stage includes a center tap 318 through which the common mode voltage is extracted from the incoming Ethernet signal on receive differential pair 310.
  • Center tap 316 and center tap 318 are coupled to a voltage converter 320, which converts between POE power and local power bus 304.
  • Center tap 316 couples to converter 320 through a diode 322, operating as a rectifier for power sourced from local power bus 304 for POE transmissions over transmit differential pair 308.
  • Center tap 318 couples to converter 320 through a diode 324, operating as a rectifier for power extracted from a received POE signal on receive differential pair 310.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method 400 of communicating over a PLC bus.
  • the method begins at a start step 410.
  • a received POE signal is converted to a local power signal and a local communication signal.
  • converting the received POE signal to the local power signal includes rectifying a power signal extracted from the differential Ethernet signal.
  • Converting the received POE signal to the local power signal also includes, in certain embodiments, one or more voltage conversions to condition the power signal for a local power bus.
  • converting the received POE signal to a local communication signal includes conditioning the voltage levels differential Ethernet signals for conversion in an Ethernet MAC layer and PHY layer.
  • the POE signal is received from a coupler at a POE device. The coupler is capacitively coupled to a PLC bus and forms a POE branch off of the PLC bus.
  • a POE signal is transmitted by the POE device to the coupler over the POE branch.
  • the POE signal is converted to a PLC signal at a conversion step 440.
  • the PLC signal is then ready for transmission over the PLC bus.
  • the coupler limits current conducted by the POE branch.
  • the current limit in certain embodiments, is programmable for the POE device.
  • the coupler includes a circuit breaker for limiting current and for providing isolation during a fault condition. In such an embodiment, the circuit breaker isolates the POE branch and POE device from the PLC bus and other downstream POE branches. The method then ends at an end step 460.

Claims (11)

  1. Coupleur (130), comprenant :
    une ligne électrique de courant continu, CC, (110) couplée entre un premier connecteur (202) et un deuxième connecteur (204), la ligne électrique (110) étant configurée pour conduire des signaux de communication sur ligne électrique, PLC, dans lequel le premier connecteur (202) et le deuxième connecteur (204) sont des connecteurs Twinax ayant deux conducteurs coaxiaux et leur impédance est mise en correspondance pour une communication PLC ;
    un convertisseur PLC-Ethernet (226) configuré pour convertir entre les signaux PLC et des signaux Ethernet ;
    un premier transformateur (228) couplé entre le convertisseur PLC-Ethernet (226) et un troisième connecteur (206), le premier transformateur (228) étant configuré pour conditionner les signaux Ethernet pour une transmission de puissance sur Ethernet ;
    un circuit d'approvisionnement de puissance (218) couplé à la ligne électrique (110) par l'intermédiaire d'une première diode (214) et d'une seconde diode (216) agissant solidairement en tant qu'un redresseur et le circuit d'approvisionnement de puissance (218) étant configuré pour fournir une puissance au premier transformateur (228) ; et un second transformateur (220) couplé entre la ligne électrique (110) et le convertisseur PLC-Ethernet (226), dans lequel le second transformateur (220) est couplé, de manière capacitive, à la ligne électrique (110).
  2. Coupleur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le circuit d'approvisionnement de puissance (218) comprend un disjoncteur (180) configuré pour limiter un courant au troisième connecteur (206).
  3. Coupleur selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le disjoncteur (180) comprend une limite de courant programmable.
  4. Coupleur selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, dans lequel le premier transformateur (228) comprend un étage de transmission ayant une prise médiane (234) couplée au circuit d'approvisionnement de puissance (218) et configurée pour recevoir une puissance de celui-ci.
  5. Coupleur selon la revendication 1, 2, 3 ou 4 inclus dans un système de distribution de puissance et de communication configuré pour :
    former une première branche de puissance sur Ethernet, POE, (120) pouvant être couplée à un dispositif POE (140),
    fournir une puissance de courant limité au dispositif POE (140) par l'intermédiaire de la première branche POE (120),
    convertir les signaux PLC en signaux POE pour les transmettre au dispositif POE (140) par l'intermédiaire de la première branche POE (120), et
    convertir les signaux POE reçus, en provenance du dispositif POE (140), en signaux PLC pour les transmettre sur la ligne électrique (110).
  6. Coupleur selon la revendication 5, dans lequel la ligne électrique (110) peut en outre être couplée à la source de puissance (150) par l'intermédiaire d'un filtre passe-bande (160), d'un convertisseur de tension (170), et d'un disjoncteur (180).
  7. Procédé de communication sur un bus de communication sur ligne électrique, PLC, par l'intermédiaire d'un coupleur (130), comprenant :
    une ligne électrique de courant continu, CC, (110) couplée entre un premier connecteur (202) et un deuxième connecteur (204), la ligne électrique (110) étant configurée pour conduire des signaux de communication sur ligne électrique, PLC, dans lequel le premier connecteur (202) et le deuxième connecteur (204) sont des connecteurs Twinax ayant deux conducteurs coaxiaux et leur impédance est mise en correspondance pour une communication PLC, le procédé comprenant :
    la conversion (420) d'un signal de puissance sur Ethernet, POE, reçu en provenance du coupleur (130), en un signal de puissance local et un signal de communication local, dans lequel le signal de puissance local est généré en utilisant un circuit d'approvisionnement de puissance (218) couplé à la ligne électrique (110) par l'intermédiaire d'une première diode (214) et d'une seconde diode (216) agissant solidairement en tant qu'un redresseur ;
    la transmission (430) d'un signal POE au coupleur (130) par l'intermédiaire d'une branche POE (120) ;
    la conversion (440), au coupleur (130), du signal POE en un signal PLC à transmettre sur le bus PLC ;
    le couplage capacitif, au coupleur (130), de la branche POE (120) au bus PLC (208) ; et
    la limitation (450), au coupleur (130), d'un courant conduit par la branche POE (120).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, dans lequel la conversion du signal POE reçu comprend le conditionnement d'une tension du signal de puissance local.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 7 ou 8, dans lequel la conversion du signal POE reçu comprend le conditionnement de tensions du signal POE reçu pour une couche de commande d'accès au support, MAC, et une couche physique.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 7, 8 ou 9, comprenant en outre la configuration du coupleur (130) à une limite de courant prédéterminée pour la branche POE (120).
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 7, 8, 9 ou 10, comprenant en outre :
    au cours d'une condition de défaut sur la branche POE (120), l'isolement de la branche POE (120) du bus PLC (208).
EP16169042.5A 2015-08-07 2016-05-10 Coupleur pour communication de ligne électrique et d'alimentation électrique par câble ethernet Active EP3128679B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/821,199 US10374813B2 (en) 2015-08-07 2015-08-07 Coupler for power line communication and power-over-ethernet

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EP3128679B1 true EP3128679B1 (fr) 2019-08-07

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US (1) US10374813B2 (fr)
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JP (1) JP6886251B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN106452509B (fr)

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CN106452509A (zh) 2017-02-22
EP3128679A1 (fr) 2017-02-08
JP2017038364A (ja) 2017-02-16
CN106452509B (zh) 2021-08-10
US10374813B2 (en) 2019-08-06
US20170041152A1 (en) 2017-02-09
JP6886251B2 (ja) 2021-06-16

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