EP3121548B1 - Heat exchange element - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a heat exchange element according to claim 1.

Heat exchange elements can be used, for example, in heat exchangers such as those used for cooling/heating rooms or entire buildings in the form of ceiling or wall panels or else directly in the ceiling or wall.

In principle, various heat exchange elements are known from the prior art, but with such heat exchange elements, due to at least partially poor thermal conduction between the heat exchange element and the cooling/heating surface of the heat exchanger directed into the room, there is insufficient heat exchange and thus poor transmission values, which is why e.g. in the DE 10 2013 209 961 B4 it is proposed to use an additional heat-conducting element.

US6830098B1 discloses a heat exchange element according to the preamble of claim 1.

Furthermore, with known heat exchangers for room cooling or heating, additional acoustically damping properties are often desired, which can be improved, for example, by perforations in the front wall, combined with acoustic damping material laid out over the largest possible area on the back of the front wall. Since the back also forms the inner heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger, which is operatively connected, for example, to the plate of a heat exchange element that is operatively connected to a pipe transporting cooling/heating water, interacts, the acoustically usable area competes with the area that can be used for cooling with the heat exchange element. Which is why the cooling/heating capacity on the one hand and/or the acoustic properties of known heat exchangers limit one another.

Furthermore, with known heat exchangers, only plate elements with a relatively small thermally effective surface area can be connected to the pipe transporting the water or another heat exchange fluid, which increases installation complexity, costs and the weight of the heat exchanger.

It is also known to use special extruded profiles as pipe supports or plate elements in heat exchange elements. However, such profiles are only designed for specific applications and are very expensive to produce, especially for small quantities.

Furthermore, in the case of conventional heat exchange elements, it has been shown that the connection methods have disadvantages. Conventional solder joints are mechanically sensitive, especially when subjected to impact stress, which can occur during assembly, for example. In contrast, bonded joints exhibit poor thermal conductivity, while in known welded joints materials, particularly materials with different thermal expansion coefficients, have a strong tendency to warp and often have to be reworked due to the associated high thermal stress.

The aim of the present application is to improve at least one of the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art.

As is known from the prior art, a heat exchange element according to the invention comprises a tube for a heat exchange fluid to flow through and at least one thermally conductive plate element for absorbing ambient heat and thermally transferring the ambient heat to the tube and/or absorbing thermal heat from the tube and releasing it heat to the environment.

In this case, the pipe is arranged on at least one plate element or between at least two plate elements of a plate element arrangement, with at least one contact means being provided for thermal contact, which comprises a connecting means and/or pressing means.

The plate element is adapted in the area of a plate element contact surface for thermally conductive contact to the pipe contact surface by means of a fit with a material thickness d that is reduced compared to the plate thickness D of the plate element, in order to enlarge the contact surfaces. The material thickness d can be stepped at an angle or at right angles, stepped or evenly decreasing towards the middle of the fit.

In this case, a pipe is operatively connected via one or more lateral pipe contact surfaces to at least one or, in the case of a plate element arrangement, to at least two or more plate elements, which in turn have at least having a plate member contact surface for connecting to the pipe contact surface. An active connection is understood here to mean a thermally conductive arrangement between the tube or tube contact surface and the opposite contact surface, which is produced by physical, conductive connection means (solder, adhesive, welding) or by pressing one contact surface onto the other.

According to the invention, the connecting means comprise a soldered connection and/or an adhesive connection.

For further or simpler enlargement of the contact surfaces, the pipe can have at least one pipe contact surface that is at least partially flat in cross section.

In a preferred embodiment, the heat exchange element comprises one or more plate elements which are connected to at least one tube in an edge area by an adhesive connection and in a central area by a soldered connection. The soldered connection enables a particularly good pipe/plate heat transfer, while the adhesive connection ensures a particularly strong connection that is also insensitive to impacts. Even if such an embodiment is particularly well suited with a plate element provided with a fit, as described here, e.g. by providing the adhesive connection in the edge areas of the fit, it was found that quite generally even with conventional heat exchange elements without a fit, the strength or Thermal conductivity can be improved compared to pure soldered or pure adhesive connections. This applies in particular to corresponding Combinations of features of the present invention that are not directly related to the fit. A flux-free soldering point is preferably produced in this case, since it has been shown that such soldering points ensure better strength and conductivity over a longer period of time.

In a further preferred embodiment, the heat exchange element comprises one or more plate elements which are connected to the at least one tube by at least one or more substantially parallel lines of weld points.

The tube can be operatively connected to a longitudinal direction L of the plate element parallel or preferably transversely, particularly preferably essentially at a right angle. By aligning transversely to the plate element, the sections connected by soldering and/or gluing or welding become shorter, which means that thermal stresses that are not as great as in the case of a parallel structure cannot form in the connection. Nevertheless, when several plate elements are connected by one or more tubes, spacing gaps are advantageously provided between the plate elements. For example, with a plate element width B of 20 to 80 mm, gap distances S between 10 and 40 mm can be selected. This applies in particular to materials with different thermal expansion coefficients, such as when using aluminum plates and copper pipes.

According to the invention, the tube is connected in a meandering manner to at least one plate element, the curved According to the invention, pipe sections lie outside the contact surfaces, therefore protrude laterally beyond the plate element or elements, which facilitates mechanical adaptation of the contact surfaces. Thus, tube and plate element can be straight in the area of the fit, particularly in the area of the contact surfaces for the heat transfer between tube and plate element, which lowers the manufacturing costs because, among other things, the fit can also be straight.

A further preferred embodiment of the heat exchange element results when a dimension X of the plate element parallel to the tube axis in the area of the plate element contact surface is greater than a dimension Y in an area further away from the tube. As a result, for example, a boundary line GL defined by the edge of the plate element can be enlarged and/or plate elements can be designed in such a way that they are opposite one another with mutually intertwined spaced boundary lines, e.g from the open space to the panel element, on the other hand large enough to attach the desired acoustic damping elements between the panels. Corresponding shapes that can be combined with each other and preferably surface ratios, or surface to boundary line ratios, are described below using the corresponding Figures 7, 8 and 11 shown and described.

In a further embodiment of the heat exchange element, the plate element can have longitudinal holes aligned perpendicularly to the tube axis in the region of the pressing plane. As a result, the weight of the plate element can be significantly reduced without interrupting the flow of heat in the direction of the tube. This also makes it possible to significantly enlarge the thermally effective surface(s) of the plate element that is operatively connected to a pipe, e.g Weight saving results. With conventional plate elements of the prior art, with conventional tube diameters of 5 to 20 mm, preferably 8 to 15 mm, widths b of between 80 and 135 mm can be realized with a central tube mounted longitudinally on the plate element. Widths b of 80 to 1000 mm are possible with appropriate panel elements provided with longitudinal holes. A corresponding surface area per tube unit that is 3 to about 12 times larger can thus be realized. Furthermore, for use in a heat exchanger, for example, the open areas of the heat exchanger formed by the longitudinal holes are also available for acoustic damping measures, as described above, with appropriate dimensioning of the longitudinal holes. For example, the holes in the front wall of the heat exchanger can at least partially overlap with the holes or longitudinal holes in the plate element, in the area of the free areas formed, flanges can be placed on the front wall holes and/or corresponding flat insulating material (fleece, grid, etc.) may be provided. For the sake of simplicity, the latter can also be arranged over the entire area between the tubes, ie covering the plate element and open area, for example analogous to heat exchangers with tubes attached directly to the inner heat exchange surface.

In order to give the panel element acoustically dampening properties as well, in each embodiment it can also have a larger number of round holes flanged in a rearward direction, ie in the opposite direction to the pressing surface. These can be provided at least in certain surface areas in addition to the longitudinal holes, with the latter also being able to be flanged. In a simple manner, the flanging can be done by a punching tool that is rounded at the cutting edges to produce the holes.

In a further embodiment of the heat exchange element, the side of the plate element facing away from the tube, or the sides of the at least two plate elements of the plate element arrangement facing away from the tube, extend on both sides of a plane of symmetry S of the heat exchange element in a different plane A, A′, respectively the planes A, A′ intersect in the plane of symmetry S along a line of intersection between the plane of symmetry S and a fourth plane H running parallel to a pipe axis Z and perpendicular to the plane of symmetry S. The planes A, A' form an acute angle a, α' to the plane H, so that the The heat exchange element (1) with the levels A, A' can be resiliently pressed against a heat exchange surface 21 parallel to the fourth level H. A plane of symmetry S is understood here and in the following to mean a plane S which divides the heat exchange element symmetrically and is perpendicular to the heat exchange surface.

In a preferred embodiment, the angles a, α′ are equal in magnitude and/or open in opposite directions with respect to the plane of symmetry S, thereby on the same side of the plane H opposite the tube. The angle is preferred in terms of magnitude from 1 to 15°, particularly preferably from 2 to 10°.

The pressing means can in principle be fastened on the side of the plate element or elements facing the pipe, or interact with a heat exchanger comprising the heat exchange element or with a building element mounted on or in a building surface in such a way that the heat transfer between pipe and plate element and/or between plate element and an inner heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger is improved. In the case of an angled tube to plate element arrangement as described above, the heat exchange element is advantageously pressed against the inner heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger by the pressing means in such a way that the angles a, α' are essentially equal to 0° and the entire pressing surface is therefore available for heat exchange . For a heat exchange element according to the invention, plate elements with a plate thickness D of 0.5 up to 3.0 mm, preferably a thickness of 1 to 2 mm, which are suitable for the construction of very flat and light heat exchangers. According to the invention, fits with a depth of 2 to 12% of the outer diameter of the tube are used in order not to reduce the stability of the plate elements too much. According to the invention, fits which are in the form of segments of a circle in the edge region or in the entire cross section are used.

Alternatively or additionally, the fit can include a flat surface or consist of a flat surface.

The average roughness of the contact surfaces is adjusted to an Ra range of 0.05 to 2.0 μm, preferably 0.1 to 1 μm. The latter is also advantageous, for example, for a plate element/pipe arrangement with plates cut at an angle, since a connection is then possible, e.g Lateral surface of the plate element enlarged. Furthermore, the supply/dissipation of the heat to or from the plate element is also facilitated by a central connection with respect to the plate thickness.

In a further embodiment, the heat exchange element has a solder gap. This can advantageously be set to a depth of between 0.05 and 0.3 mm. If the solder gap is thereby provided by two spacer steps provided in the edge area of the fit and the one lying thereon Formed tube, this can be particularly narrow, for example. Between 0.05 and 0.2 mm, be designed without liquid solder leaking laterally when placing the tube on the plate. This applies in particular if an adhesive connection is additionally provided on the spacer steps. The width of the space step can be set between 2 and 5 mm. If an interrupted spacer step or spacer nubs is used, a slightly larger distance of 0.1 to 0.3 mm is better.

The plate element is preferably made of a light metal, in particular aluminum, due to its good thermal conductivity and low weight. The preferred material for the tube is copper, but another metal, for example aluminum, can also be used here.

In a further preferred embodiment, the tube can be connected to the plate element by a welded connection SV in the area of the fit. The welded connection SV advantageously comprises at least one sequence of spot welds arranged parallel to the pipe axis, as a result of which less distortion could be achieved in comparison to continuous weld seams.

The welded connection SV, in particular the welding points, can be attached from the side of the plate element facing away from the pipe. Also on the side of the fit facing away from the pipe, the plate material can be thinned, for example in the form of one or more Beads or indentations can be arranged parallel to the fit.

The material thickness d can be set between 0.1 and 0.5 mm in the area of the fit, in particular in the area of a welded joint, which facilitates the welding process.

In general, it has proven to be advantageous for welded heat exchange elements 1 with a weld carried out from below (ie from the side of the plate element facing away from the pipe) to choose plate thicknesses D between 0.5 and 10 mm.

Figure description:
The invention is explained in more detail below using figures and examples. It should be pointed out here that the representation of the figures is purely schematic and, for the purpose of better representation of the details essential to the invention, is not true to scale or proportion. Examples of preferred measurements or dimensioning can be found in the general description above and in the description of the figures or claims as follows. The same reference symbols in different drawings designate the same object or the same function of the object.

Figur 1:

Ein Wärmeaustauschelement des Standes der Technik

Figur 2:

Ein weiteres Wärmeaustauschelement des Standes der Technik

Figur 3:

Ein erfindungsgemässes Wärmeaustauschelement

Figur 4:

Ein weiteres erfindungsgemässes Wärmeaustauschelement

Figur 5 und Figur 6:

Mehrteiliger Wärmeaustauschelementverbund

Figur 7 und Figur 8:

Weitere Ausführungsformen des Wärmeaustauschelements

Figur 9:

Wärmetauscher

Figur 10:

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmeaustauschelements

Figur 11:

Wärmetauscher

Figur 12:

Verbindung mit Abstandsstufen

Figur 13:

Verbindung mit Abstandsnoppen

Figur 14:

Klebe-/Lötverbindung

Figur 15:

Schweissverbindungen

The figures show the following:

Figure 1:

A prior art heat exchange element

Figure 2:

Another prior art heat exchange element

Figure 3:

A heat exchange element according to the invention

Figure 4:

Another heat exchange element according to the invention

Figure 5 and Figure 6:

Multi-part heat exchange element composite

Figure 7 and Figure 8:

Further embodiments of the heat exchange element

Figure 9:

heat exchanger

Figure 10:

Process for manufacturing a heat exchange element

Figure 11:

heat exchanger

Figure 12:

connection with distance steps

Figure 13:

Connection with spacer knobs

Figure 14:

Glued/soldered connection

Figure 15:

welded joints

This in figure 1 The illustrated heat exchange element 1 'of the prior art consists of a tube 2' that is held in a hollow profile of an extruded plate element 4 '. In this case, the pipe 2' and the plate element 4' are connected to one another by welded connections 16. Due to the punctiform or linear welding, there is only direct heat-conducting material contact between the pipe and the welding points or welding lines Plate element, which is disadvantageous for heat transport. Furthermore, extruded profiles for small series are expensive if they can only be used for one pipe dimension.

Another heat exchange element 1 "of the prior art, such as from DE 10 2013 209 961 B4 known is in figure 2 shown. A tube 2" flattened on one side is connected by means of an adhesive connection 17 via tube contact surfaces 3" and plate contact surfaces 5" to a plate or contact element 4" designed as a simple profile. The disadvantage here is that there is an adhesive layer between the contact surfaces 3" and 5" which prevents a metal contact between the tube 2" and the plate or contact element 4" which conducts heat well. Therefore, a heat conducting sheet 27 was provided here in order to improve the heat transfer.

figure 3 shows a heat exchange element 1 according to the invention. The tube axis Z is aligned centrally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange element 1 and the tube is connected to the plate element 4 by solder 18 or any other good conducting solder connection. A significantly improved heat exchange can be ensured by the metallic, large-area solder connection on the plate element contact surface 5, which is adapted here to the tube contact surface 3 by mechanical processing as described in more detail below. In the present For example, in the area of the fit 33, the material thickness d is reduced in relation to the plate thickness D of the plate element 4, approximately in the shape of a segment of a circle. In this way, especially with larger angles a, α` (for the function, see also figure 4 and description of this) the fit in the areas laterally spaced from the plane of symmetry must be somewhat larger than a segment of a circle, e.g. parabolic, in order to absorb the pressure, e.g. by the solder and/or the adhesive between the pipe and the heat exchange element 4 when the heat exchanger is pressed on, which means that at the same time the heat transfer is improved. This can be done particularly easily by introducing the fit 33 into a flat plate material, then tailoring it to the desired plate size and, if desired, bending the plate elements at the center line of the fit, in the present example also in the plane of symmetry S of the plate element 4. Other geometries, e.g Trough-shaped with a flat bottom for adaptation to pipes etc. that are flattened on one side can thus be realized without further ado.

Another heat exchange element 1 according to the invention is shown figure 4 , in which two plate elements 4 are used instead of one plate element, which are attached laterally to the tube 2. Furthermore, in Figure 3 and 4 it can be seen that the two plate elements 4 lie in two planes A, A′ which are angled relative to the plane of symmetry S. The planes form one in each case compared to the plane H running horizontally in the figure, which runs parallel to the tube axis Z and at right angles to the plane of symmetry S Angles α, α' and intersect the plane of symmetry S together with the plane H. The angular range for a, α' is preferably between 1 and 15°, particularly preferably between 2 and 10°. This ensures that planes A, A′ of the heat exchange element can be pressed against a heat exchange surface parallel to plane H in an elastically resilient manner. The heat transfer to an inner heat exchange surface 21 of a heat exchanger 8 can be significantly improved by the flat pressing of the plate elements that are deflected by the angular position. Here too, the plate element 4 is essentially planar on both sides and parallel on both sides and forms a fit 33 towards the pipe, in the present case in the shape of a segment of a circle or a parabola. In a simple variant, an oblique cut on the plate element 4 can also suffice as a fit 33 .

Figure 5 and Figure 6 show an arrangement of several plate elements 4, which are connected to one another by means of a meandering tube 2. The tube runs 2 in figure 5 transverse to the longitudinal direction L of the plate elements 4, while in figure 6 the tube runs parallel to the longitudinal direction L of the plate elements. In both cases, according to the invention, the curved tube sections lie outside the contact surfaces.

Figure 7a and 7b show two further preferred embodiments, wherein a dimension x of the plate element parallel to the tube axis in the range or at the plate member contact surface is greater than a dimension y in an area further spaced from the tube 2. The change in dimensions in the dimensions of the plate element 4 as in Figure 7a shown continuously, for example as here as laterally protruding triangles. On the other hand, the dimensions can change as in Figure 7b shown by way of example, also change abruptly when wide and narrow areas of the plate element alternate along the tube axis Z. As is readily apparent to a person skilled in the art, combinations of shapes of the plate element(s) that change partly continuously and partly abruptly with respect to the width dimensions b can also be used here. Also, depending on the requirements and quantity of the heat exchangers to be manufactured, either plate elements specially tailored to one size or flexibly usable for smaller batch sizes or different heat exchangers, e.g. geometrically shaped plate elements 4 that can be arranged one behind the other, such as e.g Figure 7B shown are used.

Figure 8a shows schematically two other options for the design of a heat exchange element. Longitudinal holes 6 can be seen in an upper area of the drawing in the plate element or elements 4, the alignment of which is perpendicular to the tube axis Z in order to influence the heat flow as little as possible. By attaching appropriate longitudinal holes, it is possible on the one hand without or with only a slight increase in the Total weight of the heat exchange element to provide significantly larger areas, for example in the dimensions of the entire inner heat exchange surface A _wi 21 of a heat exchanger 8, for heat exchange. Furthermore, the open area 28 of the heat exchanger can be enlarged in this way, for example to provide acoustically damping elements. Free surface 28 is understood here to be the inner heat exchange surface A _wi of a heat exchanger 8, which is not in direct contact with the contact surface Apr of the plate element or elements. Finally, such measures make it possible to increase the thermal conductivity of the entire cooling/heating surface, here called the front wall 10 of the heat exchanger 8, since there are many but only small or narrow open spaces with short heat conduction paths to the next area connected to a pressing surface 25 .

If a width b of 80 to 135 mm is possible with conventional heat exchange elements, this width can advantageously be selected between 400 and 1000 mm with a corresponding perforation while maintaining a comparable transmission value.

Another purpose is fulfilled by the round holes shown in the lower area of the plate element(s) 4, which, as shown in FIG Figure 8b shown, the heat exchange surface opposite side have a flange.

Corresponding flanges can also be provided on the longitudinal holes. Also a combination of acoustic effective holes and corresponding longitudinal holes is possible.

figure 9 shows a heat exchanger 8 according to the invention with an inserted heat exchange element 2, which here comprises a tube 2 with a plate element 4 attached thereto. Analogous to that regarding the Figures 3 and 4 Described is the pressing plane 25 of the plate elements without pressure not even on the heat exchange plane A _wi 26 of the heat exchanger 8. Only by pressing with the or in Figure 9A Pressing means 11, symbolically represented by an arrow, which in Figure 9B shown by way of example as a clamping device 12 engaging in the housing of the heat exchanger 8 , the pressing planes 25 are brought into thermally conductive contact with the heat exchange plane 21 of the heat exchanger 8 . This can be done either directly or in combination with a supporting thin adhesive layer, preferably pre-coated on the contact surface of the plate elements 4 . In addition, any cavities 24 between the heat exchange plane 21 and the heat exchange element 1, for example under the soldering or adhesive line of plate elements attached to the side of the pipe, can be filled with thermally conductive paste, which can alternatively also be applied to the pressing plane 25 and/or the heat exchange plane. The heat exchanger 8 can also contain other heat exchange elements according to the invention or a combination thereof, as they are shown, for example, in the figures and descriptions.

figure 10 shows the steps of a method for producing a heat exchange element 1. As in Figure 10a example of how a plate element contact surface 5 is coated with solder, heat Q being applied to the plate element 4 and after a soldering temperature T1 has been reached, the solder is evenly and thinly distributed using an ultrasonic head 15 adapted to the contour of the plate element contact surface 5. The heat can be supplied by thermal radiation or by direct contact with the heating elements 20 and/or via a worktop 19 that can be heated if necessary. The US treatment during this soldering step reduces the surface tension of the molten solder, which enables a particularly even and thin application.

At the same time or in a staggered manner, the tube contact surface 3 can also be coated with solder after heating the tube with the aid of an ultrasonic head 15' adapted to the outer circumference of the tube 2 or the tube contact surface 3. Then, as in Figure 10c shown, the tube contact surface 3 aligned on the plate element contact surface 5 and plate element 4 and tube 2, in the present case brought to a third and fourth soldering temperature T3, T4 by means of heating elements 20. The tube 2 and plate element 4 are preferably held and cooled while applying a contact pressure, with which the heat exchange element is completed. It has proven to be advantageous here to set the temperature of the pipe and the plate element as equally as possible.

Figures 12 and 13 show different versions of a heat exchange element with a solder gap 30 figure 12 the solder gap is formed by spacer steps 31 provided laterally in the fit between tube 2 and plate element 4 . The spacing steps 31 can be produced in a simple manner, for example by raising the round milling cutter that produces the fit in the edge regions of the fit. Alternatively, as in figure 13 shown, the gap formed by spacer cams 32. The latter can be attached, glued, soldered together or advantageously formed from the material of the plate element itself, for example by attaching defined welding humps. The latter can be produced by means of spot welding electrodes, which are pressed in the direction of the fit from a side opposite the fit.

figure 14 shows a heat exchange element in which the tube 2 is connected to the plate element 4 by an adhesive connection 17 and a soldered connection 18 . The adhesive connection 17 is located on both edge regions of the plate element 4 opposite the tube 2, or in the end region of the fit, while the soldered connection 18 is located in between. It goes without saying for a person skilled in the art that other arrangements are also possible, for example a possible additional adhesive point in the middle. However, the provision of the two adhesive connections in the edge area of the fit has the advantage that it can prevent the solder tin from running out, for example when the parts of the heat exchanger are joined together.

Figure 15 A to D shows various design options for the execution of a welded connection of a heat exchange element 1 in cross section. In Figures 15 A and B Figure 1 shows a configuration with tube 2 and one-piece plate element 4, where A shows a connection with a single-row sequence, Figure B shows a connection with a double-row sequence of spot welds.

In Figure 15c shows a plate element 4 in which, in a further upstream mechanical processing step, the material thickness d in the area of the fit 33 was additionally reduced by applying a thinning 34, here in the form of a bead, on the side of the plate element 4 facing away from the tube 2. This means that somewhat thicker plate thicknesses D can also be used or the fit 33 can be made less deep and a material thickness d between 0.1 and 0.5 mm that is particularly suitable for producing a secure welded connection SV can still be set in the area of the fit 33 . This is because, in the case of heat exchange elements 1 according to the invention, the welded connection in the fit 33 is applied starting from the side of the plate element 4 facing away from the tube 2 . For example, laser or ultrasonic (US) welding devices can be used. Such additionally thinned plate elements 4 can also be advantageous for soldered and/or glued connections, for example in order to control the temperature particularly precisely during the connection process.

In figure 11 different variants of a heat exchanger 8 are shown in a plan from the rear. while showing Figure 11A a known conventional heat exchanger, with a heat exchange element consisting of a plate element 4 with a tube 2 attached to the rear thereof. The heat exchange element rests with the pressure surface on the inner heat exchange surface A _wi of the heat exchanger, as a result of which a free surface 28 is formed between the edges of the pressure surface and the outer circumference of the heat exchange surface. With an assumed heat exchange surface A _wi of 200 cm ² (length l _wi of 20, width b _wi of 10 cm) and a contact surface A _pr of 144 cm ² (length l _wi of 18, width b _wi of 8 cm) at 66 cm ² , which corresponds to an area ratio of A _pr / A _wi = 0.72. Since such heat exchangers usually require not only the heat exchange performance but also certain acoustic properties, in particular sound-damping properties, only the narrow area between the contact surface A _pr and the outer circumference of the heat exchange surface A remains for the attachment of such sound-damping elements, such as damping plates and/or fleece _wi . This cannot be widened arbitrarily either, since otherwise the desired heat exchange between the heat exchanger and the plate element would be worse. In order to keep this as efficient as possible over the entire heat exchanger, the distance between any surface element of the heat exchange surface that is not in direct contact with the pressure surface and a boundary line GL defined by the edge of the pressure surface must be as small as possible or the ratio of the heat exchange surface to the boundary line A _wi / GL (here 3.8 cm) should be as small as possible. Accordingly, in the Figures 11B and 11C Shown configurations for heat exchangers, as they can be realized with plate elements in a simple manner. In doing so, Figure 11B 6 Panel elements with a dimension of 2 x 8 cm, in Figure 11C 10 Plate elements with a dimension of 1 x 8 cm used in a rectangular heat exchanger as described above. An area ratio A _pr / A _wi of 0.48 or 0.4 and a ratio A _wi / GL of 1.67 or 1.1 cm can thus be achieved. This enables a significantly better heat exchange compared to the prior art.

Another way to improve the corresponding ratios (A _pr / A _wi or A _wi / GL) is in Figure 11D shown, are used in the wavy designed plate elements in the edge area, with at least partially mutually parallel boundary lines. An analog structure is basically also possible with others, for example from Figure 7A and/or 7B known geometries of the plate elements possible.

REFERENCE MARKS

1

heat exchange element

2

Pipe

3

pipe contact surface

4

plate element

5

plate element contact surface

6

longitudinal hole

7

round hole

8th

heat exchanger

9

Side wall

10

front wall

11

pressing means

12

clamping device

13

mute

14

insulation material

15

US head (ultrasound head)

16

welded connection

17

adhesive bond

18

solder joint

19

countertop

20

heating element

21

Internal heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger

22

External heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger

23

fleece and/or plate

24

space

25

contact surface

26

coating

27

heatsink

28

open space

29

heat exchange contact surface

30

solder gap

31

distance level

32

spacer knob

33

fit

34

thinning, beading

A, A'

1st and 2nd level

B

Width of the plate element

D

Plate thickness (thickness of plate member (4))

i.e

Material thickness of the plate element in the area of the fit

H

3rd level (horizontal level)

L

Longitudinal, length of the plate element

SV

welded connection

S

gap width

x

Dimension of the plate element parallel to the pipe axis in the area of the plate element contact surface

y

Dimension of the plate element parallel to the pipe axis in an area further spaced from the pipe

Z

pipe axis

Claims (12)

1. A heat exchange element for cooling or heating rooms, comprising a thermally conductive pipe (2) for a heat exchange fluid to flow through, and at least one thermally conductive plate element (4) that is essentially planar on both sides and parallel on the sides for absorbing ambient heat and thermally conducting the ambient heat to the pipe (2) and/or taking up thermal heat from the pipe (2) and dissipating the thermal heat to the environment, with the pipe (2) being arranged on at least one plate element (4) or between at least two plate elements (4) of a plate element arrangement, and a contact means being provided for thermal contact, wherein the contact means comprises a connecting means,

   and the plate element (4), in the area of a plate-element contact surface (5) for thermally conductive contact with a pipe contact surface (3), is adapted on the pipe contact surface by means of a fit (33) with a reduced material thickness d compared to a thickness D of the plate element (4), to enlarge the contact surfaces (3, 5), and the connecting means comprises a soldered connection or an adhesive connection

   characterized in that

   the plate element (4) has a plate thickness D of 0.5 to 3 mm and the fit in the edge area or in the entire cross section is in the form of a segment of a circle, with a depth of 2 to 12% of the outer diameter of the tube, the tube (2) being operatively connected in a meandering manner to the at least one plate element (4), and the tube (2) and the plate element are straight in the region of the fit, with the curved tube sections protruding laterally beyond the plate element.
2. Heat exchange element according to claim 1, wherein the at least one tube (2) is operatively connected to the at least one plate element (4) transversely, preferably substantially at a right angle to a longitudinal direction L thereof.
3. Heat exchange element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the plate element (4) or the plate element arrangement extends on both sides of a plane of symmetry S of the heat exchange element (1) in a respective plane A, A', wherein the planes A, A' intersect in the plane of symmetry S, along a line of intersection between the plane of symmetry S and a fourth plane H running parallel to a tube axis Z and perpendicular to the plane of symmetry S, and each form an acute angle α, α' to the plane H, so that the heat exchange element (1) with the planes A, A' can be resiliently pressed against a heat exchange surface W parallel to the fourth plane H.
4. Heat exchange element according to claim 3, wherein the angles α, α' are equal in magnitude.
5. Heat exchange element according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the angles α, α' are in a range between 1 and 15°, preferably between 2 and 10°.
6. Heat exchange element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the plate element (4) has a plate thickness D of 1 to 2 mm.
7. Heat exchange element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fit has a depth of 0.6 to 1 mm or 5 to 8% of the outer diameter of the tube.
8. Heat exchange element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fit comprises or is a flat surface, the average roughness of which is set to an Ra range of 0.05 to 2.0 µm, preferably 0.1 to 1 µm.
9. Heat exchange element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat exchange element comprises a soldering gap (30) between the tube (2) and the plate element (4) formed by spacer steps (31) or spacer cams (32).
10. Heat exchange element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tube (2) is connected to the plate element (4) by an adhesive connection (17) and a soldered connection (18) .
11. The heat exchange element according to claim 10, wherein the adhesive connection (17) is located at least in one end region of the fit (33) opposite, but preferably in both edge regions of the plate element (4) opposite the tube (2), and the soldered connection (18) is located between the other end of the fitting and one end region, but preferably between the end regions, between the adhesive joints.
12. Heat exchanger with at least one heat exchange element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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