EP3116821A1 - Climbing device for a rotary tower crane - Google Patents

Climbing device for a rotary tower crane

Info

Publication number
EP3116821A1
EP3116821A1 EP15709098.6A EP15709098A EP3116821A1 EP 3116821 A1 EP3116821 A1 EP 3116821A1 EP 15709098 A EP15709098 A EP 15709098A EP 3116821 A1 EP3116821 A1 EP 3116821A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transverse support
support elements
tower
climbing
guide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15709098.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3116821B1 (en
Inventor
Alfred Hess
Willi ACKERMANN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Liebherr Werk Biberach GmbH
Original Assignee
Liebherr Werk Biberach GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Liebherr Werk Biberach GmbH filed Critical Liebherr Werk Biberach GmbH
Publication of EP3116821A1 publication Critical patent/EP3116821A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3116821B1 publication Critical patent/EP3116821B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/28—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels
    • B66C23/283—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels with frameworks composed of assembled elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a climbing device for a tower crane, with a movable along the crane tower climbing frame for climbing and / or climbing off tower pieces, with a guide for longitudinally movable supporting the climbing frame is provided opposite the crane tower.
  • Tower cranes are usually adapted to the increasing height of the structure by installing additional tower sections. This process is commonly referred to as climbing.
  • the crane top which may comprise a crane boom, detached from the top tower piece and held by a climbing frame, which is mounted axially displaceable on the crane tower. After loosening the connection of the crane shell from the top tower section said climbing frame is moved far enough that between the dissolved crane top and the top tower piece another tower piece can be fitted, then dropped off the crane top or again climb another tower piece after a second Auf can be put on.
  • Said climbing frame can surround the crane tower on the outside in the manner of a sliding sleeve and have a lateral insertion opening through which
  • said climbing frame is mounted longitudinally displaceable on the crane tower or its tower sections.
  • the climbing frame In order to support the mounted during climbing and climbing temporarily only on the climbing frame crane top together with boom and record appropriate tilt and bending moments, the climbing frame by means of a guide on the crane tower, although longitudinally displaceable, but supported tilt stability. Such tilting moments can arise on the one hand by wind loads, on the other hand, for example. But also by receiving and releasing of climbing andinkletternden tower pieces that can be opened and lowered by the lifting means on the crane itself.
  • the longitudinally displaceable guidance of the climbing frame on the crane tower can in this case include transverse support elements, for example in the form of sliding plates, which, for example, can be attached to the climbing frame and can encompass the crane tower from different sides.
  • sliding plates can engage the longitudinal or corner posts of the tower sections, which are usually designed as truss girders, in order to guide the climbing frame longitudinally displaceable but tilt-stable on the crane tower.
  • guide rollers can also be provided on the climbing frame, which, for example, can roll on the said corner posts of the tower sections.
  • a climbing device for tower cranes of the type mentioned shows, for example, the document DE 20 2005 009 236 U1.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an improved climbing device of the type mentioned above, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and the latter develops in an advantageous manner.
  • the climbing device should be as smooth as possible and low-wear movable, without sacrificing the tilting stability of the climbing device against the crane tower for this purpose.
  • the longitudinally movable guidance of the climbing frame on the crane tower be formed in a self-adjusting manner with respect to shape and / or dimensional tolerances that can occur along the travel path, so that the aforementioned shape and / or dimensional tolerances can be compensated by the longitudinally movable guide.
  • the longitudinally movable guide is designed to be elastic in the transverse direction, so that supernatants or oversizes swallowed and undercuts the guide surfaces can nachfahren to maintain the guide surface engagement and thus the tipping stability.
  • the guide has transversely to the direction of travel of the climbing frame elastically yielding and / or elastically yielding formed transverse support elements.
  • the said transverse support elements take transverse forces transversely to the direction of travel of the climbing frame and / or transversely to the longitudinal direction of the crane tower and support the climbing frame in said transverse direction at the crane tower, but allow a process in the longitudinal direction. If, for example, when climbing a projecting contour section, For example, run over at the joint between two tower sections, the corresponding cross support element can yield, so that the climbing frame can drive over the said contour point smoothly, while conversely, at a receding contour section, the cross support element elastically nachinate and maintains the support contact and thus the tipping stability.
  • the elastically yielding and / or formed transverse support elements may be formed as guide rollers which are rotatably mounted about a rotation axis extending transversely to the direction of travel of the climbing frame.
  • the elastic compliance of the guide roller transversely to its axis of rotation and / or transversely to the longitudinal direction of the tower can be achieved by elastic compliance of the guide roller itself, for example.
  • the axis of rotation of the guide roller can also be mounted elastically yielding transversely to the travel direction, so that an approximately rigid guide roller can be used, for example, of a metallic material or a hard plastic.
  • the guide rollers or transverse support elements can each be mounted elastically yielding individually in the sense of an independent wheel suspension.
  • a respect to the compensatory movements independent suspension individual allows a more sensitive adaptation to dimensional tolerances and load cases, so that the climbing frame is a total of harmonious traversable.
  • the transverse support elements or guide rollers can each be attached to a support element carrier or rotatably mounted, which is mounted transversely to the direction of travel of the climbing frame and can be biased by the aforementioned spring means in the support or engagement position.
  • the support element carrier can be pretensioned by the spring device onto the crane tower be such that the support element is pressed against the crane tower.
  • a tower-side arrangement requires corresponding to a plurality of tower pieces corresponding cross support elements.
  • a kletterrahmen workede arrangement of the transverse support elements is in terms of a reduced number of components clearly beneficial.
  • the aforementioned support element carrier on which a respective transverse support element or a corresponding guide roller is mounted, may be supported by several spring elements in an advantageous development of the invention, wherein advantageously two spring elements on different sides of the transverse support element can engage the said support element carrier, so that the support element carrier can also perform slight tilting movements in addition to transverse movements.
  • the spring elements can be mechanically formed. Alternatively or additionally, pneumatic or hydraulic spring elements may be provided. It would also be possible in principle to form the guide rollers pneumatically and / or hydraulically resilient.
  • the longitudinally displaceable guidance of the climbing frame relative to the crane tower is designed such that the transverse compliance of the transverse support elements and / or the transverse mobility of the climbing frame made possible by the crane tower is limited, in particular in such a way that no appreciable tilting movements of the climbing frame relative to the crane tower are possible
  • a transverse compliance limiter of the guide device can be assigned directly to the elastically yielding mounted transverse support elements and ensure that the elastic compliance of the said transverse support elements is limited or the transverse support elements are transversely adjustable only a relatively small, limited amount.
  • the Querver sinkeit or - yielding the elastically yielding mounted cross support elements Limits are limited, against which moves a movable bearing portion of the transverse support elements.
  • the axis of rotation of the guide rollers may be guided in a slot, which allows only a limited Querver combinkeit the guide rollers.
  • said compliance limiter may also comprise further transverse support elements, which are not elastically yielding or non-elastically yielding, but are formed substantially rigidly or unyieldingly transversely to the direction of travel of the climbing frame.
  • these additional rigid transverse support elements can be located a bit far from the elastically yielding and / or formed transverse support elements, at least when the latter are in their undeflected desired or neutral position, so that said rigid, additional transverse support elements are disengaged when the elastically yielding transverse support elements are not deflected or the climbing frame is in a neutral position in which the elastically yielding transverse support elements hold the climbing frame.
  • said additional rigid transverse support elements can be arranged on the climbing frame in such a way that they surround the crane tower or a respective tower section only with air or form a clearance fit to the associated support surfaces on the respective tower section.
  • additional transverse support elements which are unyielding transversely to the direction of travel, can in principle be designed differently, for example, also be designed as guide rollers.
  • said additional transverse support elements can also be designed as sliding bearings, in particular in the form of sliding plates, which can embrace the longitudinal straps or corner handles of the crane tower in the manner mentioned with game.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a climbing device for a tower crane showing the climbing frame on the crane tower and a tower section to be climbed thereby,
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the longitudinally displaceable guide and its transverse support elements for longitudinally displaceable support of the climbing frame with respect to the crane tower,
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary, enlarged, partially sectioned view of a resiliently mounted crosspiece element and a relentlessly mounted crosspiece element of the longitudinally displaceable guide of the climbing frame with respect to the crane tower from the preceding figures,
  • FIG. 5 shows a partially cut-away perspective view of the resilient suspension of the guide roller from FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • a crane tower 1 of a tower crane can be composed of a plurality of tower sections 2 in a known manner, each of which can be designed as a truss and can be set and locked together in the region of their corner trunks, for example can be bolted.
  • a partial, not fully illustrated crane shell 3 may be provided, for example.
  • a boom 4 may include, on the manner known per se, a hoist cable, for example, can run over a trolley.
  • a climbing device 5 is provided by means of which raised the crane top part 3 a bit and used more tower pieces 2 or can be placed on the previously topmost tower piece to then again to settle the crane shell 3 on the newly inserted, topmost tower piece.
  • the said climbing device 5 comprises for this purpose a climbing frame 6, which is mounted in the longitudinal direction of the crane tower 1 at this movable or displaceable, so that the climbing frame 6 can be moved up and down the crane tower 1.
  • the said climbing frame 6 may also be formed as a framework, but other structures such as sheet metal profile frame, shell structures and the like can be used.
  • the said climbing frame 6 is advantageously a total - roughly speaking - sleeve-shaped and contoured with its inner circumference and dimensionally adapted to the outer periphery of the crane tower 1, so that the climbing frame 6 can be pushed over the crane tower 1 in the manner of a sleeve or sleeve and between the Outside contour of the crane tower 1 and the inner contour of the climbing frame 6 remains a narrow gap, are provided in the still to be explained guide elements for guiding the climbing frame 6 on the crane tower 1.
  • the method of the climbing frame 6 along the crane tower 1 can be accomplished in various ways, for example.
  • a retractable and extendable support shoe to which a power lift such as.
  • a hydraulic cylinder can attack to press the climbing frame 6 against the crane tower 1 upwards can or can discharge.
  • the climbing frame 6 can comprise on one side a Einkletterö réelle through which an additional tower section 2 can be inserted, as indicated by the arrow 7, or can be pushed out when the crane tower 1 are degraded or lowered should.
  • the climbing frame 6 is supported by a guide 8 lijnsverfahrbar on the crane tower 1, so that the climbing frame 6 can be moved up and down parallel to the tower axis 9, but with respect to the crane tower 1 can not tilt.
  • the guide 8 comprises a plurality of transverse support elements 10 which engage on different sides of the crane tower 1 and support transverse forces of the climbing frame 6 on the crane tower 1 and prevent transverse movements of said climbing frame 6 and / or tilting movements of the climbing frame 6 relative to the crane tower 1.
  • the guide 8 forms a longitudinal guide, which allows essentially only a uniaxial movement of the climbing frame 6, namely a displacement or a process in the longitudinal direction according to the arrow 11.
  • transverse support elements 10 may be provided on the climbing frame 6, between which the crane tower 1 is recorded accurately.
  • the said transverse support elements 10 can be supported on the longitudinal straps or corner posts of the tower sections 2, cf. Fig. 2.
  • the cross-support elements may include 10 two different types of support elements, namely the one hand, resiliently mounted guide rollers 10a and on the other hand, unyielding, essentially rigidly constructed sliding 'tbleche 10b.
  • the mentioned guide rollers 10a and the slide plates 10b may be arranged in close proximity to each other in pairs, for example. Dergestalt in such a way that in each case a rigid sliding plate 10b next to a resiliently mounted guide roller 10a is arranged, see. Fig. 3, to intercept the resilience of the guide roller 10 a local or limit.
  • such associated guide rollers 10a and sliding plates 10b may each be arranged on different sides of the climbing frame 6 and axially spaced from each other in several groups, so that the crane tower 1 from several sides, especially in pairs opposite Pages ago, especially embraced from all sides or the climbing frame 6 is supported against tilting the crane tower 1.
  • the said guide rollers 10a are mounted elastically resilient transversely to the direction of travel 11 of the climbing frame 6, so that the guide rollers 10a can yield outward transversely to the peripheral side and automatically reset under a biasing or spring force.
  • the respective guide roller 10a can be displaceably guided with its axis of rotation 14 in a preferably slot-like guide slot 12 of a guide frame part 13, so that the guide roller 10a can be delivered to the respective tower section 2 and pushed away therefrom, advantageously substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the respective longitudinal belt of the tower section 2.
  • said rotation axis 14 of the respective guide roller 10a is fixed to a support element support 15 which is movable relative to the aforementioned guide frame part 13 and by a Spring device 16 is supported.
  • the said spring device 16 may comprise at least two spring elements 17 which can be arranged on both sides of the guide roller 10a or its axis of rotation 14 and on the one hand on the guide frame part 13 and on the other hand supported on the support element carrier 15 so that the support element carrier 15 and thus the guide roller 10a against the Tower section 2 is stretched.
  • the movability of the guide roller 10a is limited transversely to the door longitudinal axis 9 and transversely to the direction of travel 11, wherein advantageously also defined end positions are provided at the end of the possible travel path.
  • the spring means 16 presses the axis of rotation 14 against the one end of the slot-like guide slot 12. If the spring forces are overcome, the guide roller 10a can deflect or deflect until the end position of the spring device 10 and / or the opposite end of the slot-like guide slot 12 is reached.
  • the guide 8 comprises the aforementioned sliding plates 10b, which can be configured and arranged substantially unyieldingly, in particular rigidly, transversely to the direction of travel 11.
  • the arrangement of the unyielding sliding plates 10b can advantageously be made such that the said sliding plates 10b are spaced or disengaged from the supporting surfaces on the crane tower 1, in particular the Lssensgurt- or Eckstielober lake, wherein here advantageously only a small spacing is provided, which is smaller than the maximum possible compression travel of the guide rollers 10a.
  • a slight clearance fit between the sliding plates 10b and the tower surface may be provided, at least as long as the guide rollers 10a are in a neutral position or at least not in their fullyLeschederten position, so that the sliding plates 10b can slide along the tower pieces 12 without resistance and wear.
  • the sliding plates 10b have a slight air against the tower surface.
  • said sliding plates 10b stabilize the climbing frame 6 with respect to the crane tower 1 when the guide rollers 10a deflect, that is, the sliding plates 10b come into contact with the crane tower surface and additionally support the climbing frame 6 and / or prevent the guide rollers 10a from springing too far ,
  • the tilting moment applied to the climbing frame 6 can be visually recognized and a jolt-free climbing operation can be carried out by appropriate compensatory measures. An undesirable slip-stick effect can be prevented.
  • the wear of the contact surfaces of the guide 8 of the climbing frame 6 on the crane tower 1 is reduced to a minimum, whereby longer service life of tower sections 2 and the sliding plates 10b can be achieved.
  • the sliding plates 10b mentioned merely serve as an abutment plate or only in an emergency as actually engaged sliding plate.
  • the greatly reduced wear on the contact surfaces can also significantly reduce rust formation.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a climbing device for a rotary tower crane, comprising a climbing frame for raising and/or lowering tower pieces, having a climbing frame that can be moved along the crane tower. According to the invention, a guide for longitudinally movably supporting the climbing frame with respect to the crane tower is provided. According to the invention, the guide has transverse supporting elements transverse to the direction of displacement of the climbing frame that are elastically resiliently mounted and/or that are elastically resilient.

Description

Klettereinrichtung für einen Turmdrehkran  Climbing device for a tower crane
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Klettereinrichtung für einen Turmdrehkran, mit einem entlang des Kranturms verfahrbaren Kletterrahmen zum Ein- und/oder Abklettern von Turmstücken, wobei eine Führung zum längsverfahrbaren Abstützen des Kletterrahmens gegenüber dem Kranturm vorgesehen ist. The present invention relates to a climbing device for a tower crane, with a movable along the crane tower climbing frame for climbing and / or climbing off tower pieces, with a guide for longitudinally movable supporting the climbing frame is provided opposite the crane tower.
Turmdrehkrane werden üblicherweise durch den Einbau zusätzlicher Turmstücke an die zunehmende Höhe des Bauwerks angepasst. Dieser Vorgang wird im Allgemeinen als Klettern bezeichnet. Um ein Turmstück einklettern zu können, wird üblicherweise der Kranoberteil, der einen Kranausleger umfassen kann, vom obersten Turmstück gelöst und von einem Kletterrahmen gehalten, der achsialverschieblich an dem Kranturm gelagert ist. Nach Lösen der Verbindung des Kranoberteils vom obersten Turmstück wird der genannte Kletterrahmen soweit nach oben gefahren, dass zwischen dem gelösten Kranoberteil und das oberste Turmstück ein weiteres Turmstück eingepasst werden kann, auf das dann der Kranoberteil abgesetzt oder nochmals ein weiteres Turmstück nach einem nochmaligen Auf klettern aufgesetzt werden kann. Tower cranes are usually adapted to the increasing height of the structure by installing additional tower sections. This process is commonly referred to as climbing. In order to climb a tower section, usually the crane top, which may comprise a crane boom, detached from the top tower piece and held by a climbing frame, which is mounted axially displaceable on the crane tower. After loosening the connection of the crane shell from the top tower section said climbing frame is moved far enough that between the dissolved crane top and the top tower piece another tower piece can be fitted, then dropped off the crane top or again climb another tower piece after a second Auf can be put on.
Der genannte Kletterrahmen kann den Kranturm nach Art einer Schiebehülse außenseitig umgeben und eine seitliche Einführöffnung aufweisen, durch die Said climbing frame can surround the crane tower on the outside in the manner of a sliding sleeve and have a lateral insertion opening through which
hindurch ein weiteres Turmstück eingesetzt bzw. beim Abklettern auch wieder herausgenommen werden kann. Alternativ ist es auch bekannt, das Kranoberteil vorübergehend beim Auf- und Abklettern auf den Kletterrahmen seitlich versetzt zum Turm abzustützen, sodass der Turm an der Oberseite frei zugänglich ist, um dort Turmstücke aufzusetzen bzw. abnehmen zu können. Auch in diesem Fall ist der genannte Kletterrahmen an dem Kranturm bzw. dessen Turmstücken längsverschieblich gelagert. through another tower piece used or can be removed when climbing again. Alternatively, it is also known to support the crane top side temporarily when climbing and climbing on the climbing frame laterally offset to the tower, so that the tower is freely accessible at the top to put there tower pieces or to be able to remove. Also in this case, said climbing frame is mounted longitudinally displaceable on the crane tower or its tower sections.
Um das beim Auf- und Abklettern vorübergehend nur auf dem Kletterrahmen gelagerte Kranoberteil mitsamt Ausleger sicher abzustützen und entsprechende Kipp- und Biegemomente aufnehmen zu können, wird der Kletterahmen mittels einer Führung am Kranturm zwar längsverschiebbar, aber kippstabil abgestützt. Solche Kippmomente können einerseits durch Windlasten, andererseits bspw. aber auch durch das Aufnehmen und Ablassen von ein- und abzukletternden Turmstücken entstehen, die durch die Hubmittel am Kran selbst auf- und abgelassen werden können. In order to support the mounted during climbing and climbing temporarily only on the climbing frame crane top together with boom and record appropriate tilt and bending moments, the climbing frame by means of a guide on the crane tower, although longitudinally displaceable, but supported tilt stability. Such tilting moments can arise on the one hand by wind loads, on the other hand, for example. But also by receiving and releasing of climbing and abzukletternden tower pieces that can be opened and lowered by the lifting means on the crane itself.
Die längsverschiebliche Führung des Kletterrahmens am Kranturm kann dabei Querstützelemente bspw. in Form von Gleitblechen umfassen, die bspw. am Kletterrahmen angebracht sein und den Kranturm von verschiedenen Seiten her umgreifen können. Beispielsweise können Gleitbleche an den Längs- bzw. Eckstielen der üblicherweise als Fachwerkträger ausgebildeten Turmstücke angreifen, um den Kletterrahmen längsverschieblich, aber kippstabil am Kranturm zu führen. Anstelle solcher Gleitbleche können auch Führungsrollen am Kletterrahmen vorgesehen sein, die bspw. an den genannten Eckstielen der Turmstücke abrollen können. The longitudinally displaceable guidance of the climbing frame on the crane tower can in this case include transverse support elements, for example in the form of sliding plates, which, for example, can be attached to the climbing frame and can encompass the crane tower from different sides. For example, sliding plates can engage the longitudinal or corner posts of the tower sections, which are usually designed as truss girders, in order to guide the climbing frame longitudinally displaceable but tilt-stable on the crane tower. Instead of such sliding plates, guide rollers can also be provided on the climbing frame, which, for example, can roll on the said corner posts of the tower sections.
Eine Klettereinrichtung für Turmdrehkrane der genannten Art zeigt bspw. die Schrift DE 20 2005 009 236 U1. A climbing device for tower cranes of the type mentioned shows, for example, the document DE 20 2005 009 236 U1.
Bei bisherigen Klettereinrichtungen der genannten Art kommt es bislang zu relativ starkem Verschleiß entlang der Kontaktflächen der Turmstücke. Dies ist bspw. bei Kranen, die an Windanlagen eingesetzt werden, besonders gravierend, da solche Krane in kurzer Zeit auf- und abgeklettert werden müssen. Zudem kommt es bisweilen zu einem ruckhaften, unsaftem Verschieben des Kletterrahmens, wenn dieser aufgrund von sogenannten Slip-Stick-Effekten nicht ruckfrei angefahren bzw. stillgesetzt werden kann, oder sich an den Turmstücken, insbesondere deren Übergangsbereichen zu große Form- bzw. Maßtoleranzen ergeben, die zu Mikroverkippungen oder gar Klemmtendenzen des Kletterrahmens führen können. Solche ruckelnden Bewegungen des Kletterrahmens sind jedoch in hohem Maße unerwünscht, da der Kletterrahmen während seiner Verfahrbewegung den ganzen Kranoberteil einschließlich Ausleger trägt. In previous climbing devices of the type mentioned so far it comes to relatively heavy wear along the contact surfaces of the tower pieces. This is particularly serious, for example, in cranes that are used on wind turbines, since such cranes in a short time up and have to be climbed. It also comes sometimes a jerky, unsaftem moving the climbing frame, if it can not be approached or shut down due to so-called slip-stick effects without jerking, or arise at the tower pieces, in particular their transition areas to large dimensional tolerances that lead to Mikroverkippungen or even clamping tendencies of the climbing frame can lead. However, such jerky movements of the climbing frame are highly undesirable, since the climbing frame carries the entire crane top including boom during its movement.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine verbesserte Klettereinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die Nachteile des Standes der Technik vermeidet und Letzteren in vorteilhafter Weise weiterbildet. Insbesondere soll die Klettereinrichtung möglichst ruckelfrei und verschleißarm verfahrbar sein, ohne hierfür die Kippstabilität der Klettereinrichtung gegenüber dem Kranturm zu opfern. The present invention has for its object to provide an improved climbing device of the type mentioned above, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and the latter develops in an advantageous manner. In particular, the climbing device should be as smooth as possible and low-wear movable, without sacrificing the tilting stability of the climbing device against the crane tower for this purpose.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die genannte Aufgabe durch eine Klettereinrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche. According to the invention, said object is achieved by a climbing device according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Es wird also vorgeschlagen, die längsverfahrbare Führung des Kletterrahmens am Kranturm gegenüber Form- und/oder Maßtoleranzen, die entlang des Verfahrwegs auftreten können, selbst einstellend auszubilden, sodass die genannten Formund/oder Maßtoleranzen von der längsverfahrbaren Führung kompensiert werden können. Die längsverfahrbare Führung wird hierzu in Querrichtung elastisch ausgebildet, sodass Überstände bzw. Übermaße geschluckt und bei Untermaßen die Führungsflächen nachfahren können, um den Führungsflächeneingriff und damit die Kippstabilität zu erhalten. Erfindungsgemäß besitzt die Führung quer zur Verfahrrichtung des Kletterrahmens elastisch nachgiebig gelagerte und/oder elastisch nachgiebig ausgebildete Querstützelemente. Die genannten Querstützelemente nehmen Querkräfte quer zur Verfahrrichtung des Kletterrahmens und/oder quer zur Längsrichtung des Kranturms auf und stützen den Kletterrahmen in genannter Querrichtung am Kranturm ab, erlauben dabei aber ein Verfahren in Längsrichtung. Wird bspw. beim Aufklettern ein vorspringender Konturabschnitt, bspw. an der Fügestelle zwischen zwei Turmstücken überfahren, kann das entsprechende Querstützelement nachgeben, sodass der Kletterrahmen sanft über die genannte Konturstelle hinwegfahren kann, während umgekehrt bei einem sich zurücknehmenden Konturabschnitt das Querstützelement elastisch nachfährt und den Stützkontakt und damit die Kippstabilität aufrechterhält. It is therefore proposed that the longitudinally movable guidance of the climbing frame on the crane tower be formed in a self-adjusting manner with respect to shape and / or dimensional tolerances that can occur along the travel path, so that the aforementioned shape and / or dimensional tolerances can be compensated by the longitudinally movable guide. The longitudinally movable guide is designed to be elastic in the transverse direction, so that supernatants or oversizes swallowed and undercuts the guide surfaces can nachfahren to maintain the guide surface engagement and thus the tipping stability. According to the invention, the guide has transversely to the direction of travel of the climbing frame elastically yielding and / or elastically yielding formed transverse support elements. The said transverse support elements take transverse forces transversely to the direction of travel of the climbing frame and / or transversely to the longitudinal direction of the crane tower and support the climbing frame in said transverse direction at the crane tower, but allow a process in the longitudinal direction. If, for example, when climbing a projecting contour section, For example, run over at the joint between two tower sections, the corresponding cross support element can yield, so that the climbing frame can drive over the said contour point smoothly, while conversely, at a receding contour section, the cross support element elastically nachfährt and maintains the support contact and thus the tipping stability.
In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung können die elastisch nachgiebig gelagerten und/oder ausgebildeten Querstützelemente als Führungsrollen ausgebildet sein, die um eine Drehachse drehbar gelagert sind, die sich quer zur Verfahrrichtung des Kletterrahmens erstreckt. Die elastische Nachgiebigkeit der Führungsrolle quer zu ihrer Drehachse und/oder quer zur Längsrichtung des Turms kann durch elastische Nachgiebigkeit der Führungsrolle selbst, bspw. durch Ausbildung als Gummirolle erzielt werden. Vorteilhafterweise kann alternativ oder zusätzlich aber auch die Drehachse der Führungsrolle quer zur Verfahrrichtung elastisch nachgiebig gelagert sein, sodass eine näherungsweise starre Führungsrolle bspw. aus einem metallischen Werkstoff oder einem Hartkunststoff verwendet werden kann. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the elastically yielding and / or formed transverse support elements may be formed as guide rollers which are rotatably mounted about a rotation axis extending transversely to the direction of travel of the climbing frame. The elastic compliance of the guide roller transversely to its axis of rotation and / or transversely to the longitudinal direction of the tower can be achieved by elastic compliance of the guide roller itself, for example. By training as a rubber roller. Advantageously, as an alternative or in addition, however, the axis of rotation of the guide roller can also be mounted elastically yielding transversely to the travel direction, so that an approximately rigid guide roller can be used, for example, of a metallic material or a hard plastic.
In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung können die Führungsrollen bzw. Querstützelemente jeweils einzeln im Sinne einer Einzelradaufhängung elastisch nachgiebig gelagert sein. Grundsätzlich wäre es auch denkbar, zwei oder mehrere der Querstützelemente auf einer Seite des Kletterrahmens hinsichtlich der elastisch nachgiebigen Lagerung zusammenzufassen, bspw. dergestalt, dass sie an einem gemeinsamen, beweglichen Lager- oder Schwingenelement angeordnet sind. Eine hinsichtlich der Ausgleichsbewegungen voneinander unabhängige Einzelaufhängung ermöglicht jedoch eine feinfühligere Anpassung an Formtoleranzen und Belastungsfälle, sodass der Kletterrahmen insgesamt harmonischer verfahrbar ist. In an advantageous development of the invention, the guide rollers or transverse support elements can each be mounted elastically yielding individually in the sense of an independent wheel suspension. Basically, it would also be conceivable to combine two or more of the transverse support elements on one side of the climbing frame with respect to the elastically yielding bearing, for example. Dergestalt in such a way that they are arranged on a common, movable bearing or swing element. However, a respect to the compensatory movements independent suspension individual allows a more sensitive adaptation to dimensional tolerances and load cases, so that the climbing frame is a total of harmonious traversable.
Insbesondere können die Querstützelemente bzw. Führungsrollen jeweils an einem Stützelementeträger befestigt bzw. drehbar gelagert sein, der quer zur Verfahrrichtung des Kletterrahmens beweglich gelagert ist und von der vorgenannten Federeinrichtung in die Abstütz- bzw. Eingriffsstellung vorgespannt sein kann. Ist das entsprechende Stützelement am Kletterrahmen vorgesehen, kann der Stützelementeträger von der Federeinrichtung auf den Kranturm zu vorgespannt sein, sodass das Stützelement gegen den Kranturm gedrückt wird. Grundsätzlich wäre es auch denkbar, entsprechende Querstützelemente an den Turmstücken des Kranturms vorzusehen, wobei dann in diesem Falle das jeweilige Querstützelement auf den Kletterrahmen zuvor gespannt wäre. Eine solche turmseitige Anordnung erfordert jedoch an einer Vielzahl von Turmstücken entsprechende Querstützelemente. Eine kletterrahmenseitige Anordnung der Querstützelemente ist hinsichtlich einer reduzierten Bauteilanzahl deutlich von Vorteil. In particular, the transverse support elements or guide rollers can each be attached to a support element carrier or rotatably mounted, which is mounted transversely to the direction of travel of the climbing frame and can be biased by the aforementioned spring means in the support or engagement position. If the corresponding support element is provided on the climbing frame, the support element carrier can be pretensioned by the spring device onto the crane tower be such that the support element is pressed against the crane tower. In principle, it would also be conceivable to provide corresponding transverse support elements on the tower sections of the crane tower, in which case the respective transverse support element would then be tensioned on the climbing frame beforehand. However, such a tower-side arrangement requires corresponding to a plurality of tower pieces corresponding cross support elements. A kletterrahmenseitige arrangement of the transverse support elements is in terms of a reduced number of components clearly beneficial.
Um eine feinfühlige, rasch ansprechende Querbewegung der Querstützelemente zu ermöglichen, kann der vorgenannte Stützelementeträger, an dem ein jeweiliges Querstützelement bzw. eine entsprechende Führungsrolle gelagert ist, in vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung von mehreren Federelementen abgestützt sein, wobei vorteilhafterweise zwei Federelemente auf unterschiedlichen Seiten des Querstützelements an dem genannten Stützelementeträger angreifen können, sodass der Stützelementeträger zusätzlich zu Querbewegungen auch leichte Kippbewegungen ausführen kann. In order to enable a sensitive, rapidly responding transverse movement of the transverse support elements, the aforementioned support element carrier, on which a respective transverse support element or a corresponding guide roller is mounted, may be supported by several spring elements in an advantageous development of the invention, wherein advantageously two spring elements on different sides of the transverse support element can engage the said support element carrier, so that the support element carrier can also perform slight tilting movements in addition to transverse movements.
Die Federelemente können dabei mechanisch ausgebildet sein. Alternativ oder zusätzlich können auch pneumatische oder hydraulische Federelemente vorgesehen sein. Es wäre grundsätzlich auch möglich, die Führungsrollen pneumatisch und/oder hydraulisch federnd auszubilden. The spring elements can be mechanically formed. Alternatively or additionally, pneumatic or hydraulic spring elements may be provided. It would also be possible in principle to form the guide rollers pneumatically and / or hydraulically resilient.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist die längsverschiebbare Führung des Kletterrahmens gegenüber dem Kranturm derart ausgebildet, dass die Quernachgiebigkeit der Querstützelemente und/oder die dadurch ermöglichte Quernachgiebigkeit des Kletterrahmens zum Kranturm nur begrenzt ist, insbesondere derart, dass keine nennenswerten Kippbewegungen des Kletterrahmens gegenüber dem Kranturm möglich sind. Ein Quernachgiebigkeitsbegrenzer der Führungsvorrichtung kann dabei unmittelbar den elastisch nachgiebig gelagerten Querstützelementen zugeordnet sein und dafür sorgen, dass die elastische Nachgiebigkeit der genannten Querstützelemente nur begrenzt ist bzw. die Querstützelemente nur einen relativ kleinen, begrenzten Betrag querverstellbar sind. Beispielsweise kann die Querverstellbarkeit bzw. - nachgiebigkeit der elastisch nachgiebig gelagerten Querstützelemente durch Anschläge begrenzt werden, gegen die ein beweglicher Lagerabschnitt der Querstützelemente fährt. Beispielsweise kann die Drehachse der Führungsrollen in einem Langloch geführt sein, das nur eine begrenzte Querverstellbarkeit der Führungsrollen zulässt. In a development of the invention, the longitudinally displaceable guidance of the climbing frame relative to the crane tower is designed such that the transverse compliance of the transverse support elements and / or the transverse mobility of the climbing frame made possible by the crane tower is limited, in particular in such a way that no appreciable tilting movements of the climbing frame relative to the crane tower are possible , A transverse compliance limiter of the guide device can be assigned directly to the elastically yielding mounted transverse support elements and ensure that the elastic compliance of the said transverse support elements is limited or the transverse support elements are transversely adjustable only a relatively small, limited amount. For example, the Querverstellbarkeit or - yielding the elastically yielding mounted cross support elements Limits are limited, against which moves a movable bearing portion of the transverse support elements. For example, the axis of rotation of the guide rollers may be guided in a slot, which allows only a limited Querverstellbarkeit the guide rollers.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann der genannte Nachgiebigkeitsbegrenzer auch weitere Querstützelemente umfassen, die nicht elastisch nachgiebig gelagert bzw. nicht elastisch nachgiebig ausgebildet sind, sondern quer zur Verfahrrichtung des Kletterrahmens im Wesentlichen starr bzw. unnachgiebig ausgebildet sind. Um die vorgenannte Verschleißproblematik und Klemmtendenz durch solche starren Querstützelemente zu vermeiden, können diese zusätzlichen starren Querstützelemente gegenüber den elastisch nachgiebig gelagerten und/oder ausgebildeten Querstützelementen, zumindest wenn sich Letztere in ihrer unausgelenkten Soll- bzw. Neutralstellung befinden, ein Stück weit zurückgesetzt angeordnet sein, sodass die genannten starren, zusätzlichen Querstützelemente außer Eingriff sind, wenn die elastisch nachgiebigen Querstützelemente nicht ausgelenkt sind bzw. sich der Kletterrahmen in einer Neutralstellung befindet, in der die elastisch nachgiebigen Querstützelemente den Kletterahmen halten. Insbesondere können die genannten zusätzlichen starren Querstützelemente zueinander derart an dem Kletterrahmen angeordnet sein, dass sie den Kranturm bzw. ein jeweiliges Turmstück nur mit Luft umgreifen bzw. eine Spielpassung zu den zugehörigen Stützflächen am jeweiligen Turmstück hin bilden. Alternatively or additionally, said compliance limiter may also comprise further transverse support elements, which are not elastically yielding or non-elastically yielding, but are formed substantially rigidly or unyieldingly transversely to the direction of travel of the climbing frame. In order to avoid the aforementioned problems of wear and clamping tendency by such rigid transverse support elements, these additional rigid transverse support elements can be located a bit far from the elastically yielding and / or formed transverse support elements, at least when the latter are in their undeflected desired or neutral position, so that said rigid, additional transverse support elements are disengaged when the elastically yielding transverse support elements are not deflected or the climbing frame is in a neutral position in which the elastically yielding transverse support elements hold the climbing frame. In particular, said additional rigid transverse support elements can be arranged on the climbing frame in such a way that they surround the crane tower or a respective tower section only with air or form a clearance fit to the associated support surfaces on the respective tower section.
Die genannten zusätzlichen, quer zur Verfahrrichtung unnachgiebig angeordneten Querstützelemente können grundsätzlich verschieden ausgebildet sein, bspw. ebenfalls als Führungsrollen ausgebildet sein. In Weiterbildung der Erfindung können die genannten zusätzlichen Querstützelemente aber auch als Gleitlager ausgebildet sein, insbesondere in Form von Gleitblechen, die die Längsgurte bzw. Eckstiele des Kranturms in der genannten Weise mit Spiel umgreifen können. The aforementioned additional transverse support elements, which are unyielding transversely to the direction of travel, can in principle be designed differently, for example, also be designed as guide rollers. In a further development of the invention, said additional transverse support elements can also be designed as sliding bearings, in particular in the form of sliding plates, which can embrace the longitudinal straps or corner handles of the crane tower in the manner mentioned with game.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels und zugehöriger Zeichnungen näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen: Fig. 1 : eine perspektivische Teilansicht einer Klettereinrichtung für einen Turmdrehkran, die den Kletterrahmen am Kranturm sowie ein damit einzukletterndes Turmstück zeigt, The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment and associated drawings. In the drawings show: 1 is a partial perspective view of a climbing device for a tower crane showing the climbing frame on the crane tower and a tower section to be climbed thereby,
Fig. 2: eine schematische Darstellung der längsverschiebbaren Führung und deren Querstützelemente zum längsverschiebbaren Abstützen des Kletterrahmens gegenüber dem Kranturm, 2 shows a schematic representation of the longitudinally displaceable guide and its transverse support elements for longitudinally displaceable support of the climbing frame with respect to the crane tower,
Fig. 3: eine ausschnittsweise, vergrößerte, teilweise geschnittene Darstellung eines elastisch nachgiebig gelagerten Querstückelements sowie eines unnachgiebig gelagerten Querstückelements der längsverschiebbaren Führung des Kletterrahmens gegenüber dem Kranturm aus den vorhergehenden Figuren, 3 is a fragmentary, enlarged, partially sectioned view of a resiliently mounted crosspiece element and a relentlessly mounted crosspiece element of the longitudinally displaceable guide of the climbing frame with respect to the crane tower from the preceding figures,
Fig. 4: eine perspektivische Darstellung der verschiebbaren Lagerung der 4 shows a perspective view of the displaceable mounting of the
Führungsrolle aus Fig. 3, die die Aufnahme der Führungsrollen- Drehachse in einem Langloch zeigt, und  Guide roller of Fig. 3, showing the recording of the guide roller axis of rotation in a slot, and
Fig. 5: eine teilweise freigeschnittene, perspektivische Darstellung der federnden Aufhängung der Führungsrolle aus den Figuren 3 und 4. 5 shows a partially cut-away perspective view of the resilient suspension of the guide roller from FIGS. 3 and 4.
Wie die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen, kann ein Kranturm 1 eines Turmdrehkrans in an sich bekannter Weise aus mehreren Turmstücken 2 zusammengesetzt sein, die jeweils als Stabwerkträger ausgebildet sein können und im Bereich ihrer Eckstiele aufeinander setzbar und miteinander verriegelbar, bspw. verbolzbar sein können. Am oberen Ende des Kranturms 1 kann in an sich bekannter Weise ein nur ausschnittsweise, nicht vollständig dargestelltes Kranoberteil 3 vorgesehen sein, das bspw. über eine Drehkranlagerung gegenüber dem Kranturm 1 verdrehbar sein kann, wenn es sich beim Kran um einen Obendreher handelt, und einen Ausleger 4 umfassen kann, über den in an sich bekannter Weise ein Hubseil bspw. über eine Laufkatze ablaufen kann. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a crane tower 1 of a tower crane can be composed of a plurality of tower sections 2 in a known manner, each of which can be designed as a truss and can be set and locked together in the region of their corner trunks, for example can be bolted. At the upper end of the crane tower 1 in a conventional manner, only a partial, not fully illustrated crane shell 3 may be provided, for example. About a turntable storage relative to the crane tower 1 can be rotated when it is a top turner in the crane, and a Boom 4 may include, on the manner known per se, a hoist cable, for example, can run over a trolley.
Um den Kranturm 1 mit einem nach oben wachsenden Bauwerk immer weiter verlängern bzw. erhöhen zu können, ist eine Klettereinrichtung 5 vorgesehen, mittels derer der Kranoberteil 3 ein Stück weit angehoben und weitere Turmstücke 2 eingesetzt bzw. auf das zuvor oberste Turmstück aufgesetzt werden können, um danach wieder den Kranoberteil 3 auf das neu eingesetzte, oberste Turmstück absetzen zu können. In order to extend the crane tower 1 with an upwardly growing structure and continue to increase, a climbing device 5 is provided by means of which raised the crane top part 3 a bit and used more tower pieces 2 or can be placed on the previously topmost tower piece to then again to settle the crane shell 3 on the newly inserted, topmost tower piece.
Die genannte Klettereinrichtung 5 umfasst hierzu einen Kletterrahmen 6, der in Längsrichtung des Kranturms 1 an diesem verfahrbar bzw. verschiebbar gelagert ist, sodass der Kletterrahmen 6 am Kranturm 1 auf und ab verschoben werden kann. Der genannte Kletterahmen 6 kann ebenfalls als Stabwerk ausgebildet sein, wobei jedoch auch andere Strukturen wie Blechprofilrahmen, Schalenkonstruktionen und dergleichen Verwendung finden können. Der genannte Kletterrahmen 6 ist dabei vorteilhafterweise insgesamt - grob gesprochen - hülsenförmig ausgebildet und mit seinem Innenumfang kontur- und dimensionsmäßig an den Außenumfang des Kranturms 1 angepasst, sodass der Kletterrahmen 6 nach Art einer Manschette oder Hülse über den Kranturm 1 geschoben werden kann und zwischen der Außenkontur des Kranturms 1 und der Innenkontur des Kletterrahmens 6 ein schmaler Spalt verbleibt, in dem noch zu erläuternde Führungselemente zur Führung des Kletterrahmens 6 am Kranturm 1 vorgesehen sind. The said climbing device 5 comprises for this purpose a climbing frame 6, which is mounted in the longitudinal direction of the crane tower 1 at this movable or displaceable, so that the climbing frame 6 can be moved up and down the crane tower 1. The said climbing frame 6 may also be formed as a framework, but other structures such as sheet metal profile frame, shell structures and the like can be used. The said climbing frame 6 is advantageously a total - roughly speaking - sleeve-shaped and contoured with its inner circumference and dimensionally adapted to the outer periphery of the crane tower 1, so that the climbing frame 6 can be pushed over the crane tower 1 in the manner of a sleeve or sleeve and between the Outside contour of the crane tower 1 and the inner contour of the climbing frame 6 remains a narrow gap, are provided in the still to be explained guide elements for guiding the climbing frame 6 on the crane tower 1.
Das Verfahren des Kletterrahmens 6 entlang des Kranturms 1 kann in verschiedener Weise bewerkstelligt werden, bspw. mittels eines ein- und ausfahrbaren Stützschuhs, an dem ein Kraftheber wie bspw. ein Hydraulischzylinder angreifen kann, um den Kletterrahmen 6 gegenüber dem Kranturm 1 nach oben drücken zu können bzw. ablassen zu können. The method of the climbing frame 6 along the crane tower 1 can be accomplished in various ways, for example. By means of a retractable and extendable support shoe to which a power lift such as. A hydraulic cylinder can attack to press the climbing frame 6 against the crane tower 1 upwards can or can discharge.
Wie Fig. 1 andeutet, kann der Kletterrahmen 6 an einer Seite eine Einkletteröffnung umfassen, durch die hindurch ein zusätzliches Turmstück 2 eingeschoben werden kann, wie dies der Pfeil 7 andeutet, oder auch herausgeschoben werden kann, wenn der Kranturm 1 abgebaut bzw. erniedrigt werden soll. As indicated in FIG. 1, the climbing frame 6 can comprise on one side a Einkletteröffnung through which an additional tower section 2 can be inserted, as indicated by the arrow 7, or can be pushed out when the crane tower 1 are degraded or lowered should.
Wie Fig. 2 zeigt, ist der Kletterrahmen 6 durch eine Führung 8 längsverfahrbar an dem Kranturm 1 abgestützt, sodass der Kletterrahmen 6 parallel zur Turmachse 9 auf- und abgefahren werden kann, gegenüber dem Kranturm 1 jedoch nicht verkippen kann. Die Führung 8 umfasst hierzu mehrere Querstützelemente 10, die an verschiedenen Seiten des Kranturms 1 angreifen und Querkräfte des Kletterrahmens 6 am Kranturm 1 abstützen und Querbewegungen des genannten Kletterrahmens 6 und/oder Kippbewegungen des Kletterrahmens 6 gegenüber dem Kranturm 1 verhindern. Die Führung 8 bildet eine Längsführung, die im Wesentlichen nur eine einachsige Bewegung des Kletterrahmens 6 zulässt, nämlich eine Verschiebung bzw. ein Verfahren in Längsrichtung gemäß dem Pfeil 11. 2, the climbing frame 6 is supported by a guide 8 längsverfahrbar on the crane tower 1, so that the climbing frame 6 can be moved up and down parallel to the tower axis 9, but with respect to the crane tower 1 can not tilt. For this purpose, the guide 8 comprises a plurality of transverse support elements 10 which engage on different sides of the crane tower 1 and support transverse forces of the climbing frame 6 on the crane tower 1 and prevent transverse movements of said climbing frame 6 and / or tilting movements of the climbing frame 6 relative to the crane tower 1. The guide 8 forms a longitudinal guide, which allows essentially only a uniaxial movement of the climbing frame 6, namely a displacement or a process in the longitudinal direction according to the arrow 11.
Insbesondere können paarweise auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten angeordnete Querstützelemente 10 an dem Kletterrahmen 6 vorgesehen sein, zwischen denen der Kranturm 1 passgenau aufgenommen ist. In particular, arranged in pairs on opposite sides transverse support elements 10 may be provided on the climbing frame 6, between which the crane tower 1 is recorded accurately.
Die genannten Querstützelemente 10 können sich auf den Längsgurten bzw. Eckstielen der Turmstücke 2 abstützen, vgl. Fig. 2. The said transverse support elements 10 can be supported on the longitudinal straps or corner posts of the tower sections 2, cf. Fig. 2.
Wie die Figuren 3 und 4 zeigen, können die genannten Querstützelemente 10 zwei verschiedene Typen von Stützelementen umfassen, nämlich einerseits elastisch nachgiebig gelagerte Führungsrollen 10a und andererseits unnachgiebig, im Wesentlichen starr ausgebildete Glei'tbleche 10b. Die genannten Führungsrollen 10a und die Gleitbleche 10b können in unmittelbarer Nähe bzw. Nachbarschaft zueinander jeweils paarweise angeordnet sein, bspw. dergestalt, dass jeweils ein starres Gleitblech 10b neben einer nachgiebig gelagerten Führungsrolle 10a angeordnet ist, vgl. Fig. 3, um die Nachgiebigkeit der Führungsrolle 10a ortsnah abzufangen bzw. zu begrenzen. As Figures 3 and 4 show the cross-support elements may include 10 two different types of support elements, namely the one hand, resiliently mounted guide rollers 10a and on the other hand, unyielding, essentially rigidly constructed sliding 'tbleche 10b. The mentioned guide rollers 10a and the slide plates 10b may be arranged in close proximity to each other in pairs, for example. Dergestalt in such a way that in each case a rigid sliding plate 10b next to a resiliently mounted guide roller 10a is arranged, see. Fig. 3, to intercept the resilience of the guide roller 10 a local or limit.
Wie Fig. 2 zeigt und oben schon erläutert, können solche einander zugeordneten Führungsrollen 10a und Gleitbleche 10b jeweils auf verschiedenen Seiten des Kletterrahmens 6 angeordnet und in mehreren Gruppen achsial voneinander beabstandet vorgesehen sein, sodass der Kranturm 1 von mehreren Seiten her, insbesondere jeweils paarweise gegenüberliegenden Seiten her, insbesondere von allen Seiten her umgriffen bzw. der Kletterrahmen 6 gegenüber dem Kranturm 1 kippsicher abgestützt ist. Wie die Figuren 3-5 zeigen, sind die genannten Führungsrollen 10a quer zur Verfahrrichtung 11 des Kletterrahmens 6 elastisch nachgiebig gelagert, sodass die Führungsrollen 10a quer zur Umfangsseite nach außen nachgeben können und sich unter einer Vorspann- bzw. Federkraft selbsttätig wieder zurückstellen. As shown in FIG. 2 and already explained above, such associated guide rollers 10a and sliding plates 10b may each be arranged on different sides of the climbing frame 6 and axially spaced from each other in several groups, so that the crane tower 1 from several sides, especially in pairs opposite Pages ago, especially embraced from all sides or the climbing frame 6 is supported against tilting the crane tower 1. As shown in FIGS 3-5, the said guide rollers 10a are mounted elastically resilient transversely to the direction of travel 11 of the climbing frame 6, so that the guide rollers 10a can yield outward transversely to the peripheral side and automatically reset under a biasing or spring force.
Die jeweilige Führungsrolle 10a kann hierzu mit ihrer Drehachse 14 in einem vorzugsweise langlochartigen Führungsschlitz 12 eines Führungsrahmenteils 13 verschieblich geführt sein, sodass die Führungsrolle 10a auf das jeweilige Turmstück 2 zustellbar und von diesem wegdrückbar ist, und zwar vorteilhafterweise im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Längsrichtung des jeweiligen Längsgurts des Turmstücks 2. For this purpose, the respective guide roller 10a can be displaceably guided with its axis of rotation 14 in a preferably slot-like guide slot 12 of a guide frame part 13, so that the guide roller 10a can be delivered to the respective tower section 2 and pushed away therefrom, advantageously substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the respective longitudinal belt of the tower section 2.
Um die Führungsrolle 10a dabei vorzuspannen bzw. mit einer Federkraft zu beaufschlagen, die die Führungsrolle 10a gegen das Turmstück 2 drückt, ist die genannte Drehachse 14 der jeweiligen Führungsrolle 10a an einem Stützelementeträger 15 befestigt, der gegenüber dem vorgenannten Führungsrahmenteil 13 beweglich ist und durch eine Federeinrichtung 16 abgestützt ist. Vorteilhafterweise kann die genannte Federeinrichtung 16 zumindest zwei Federelemente 17 umfassen, die beidseitig der Führungsrolle 10a bzw. deren Drehachse 14 angeordnet sein können und sich einerseits am Führungsrahmenteil 13 und andererseits an dem Stützelementräger 15 abstützen, sodass der Stützelementeträger 15 und damit die Führungsrolle 10a gegen das Turmstück 2 gespannt wird. In order to bias the guide roller 10a thereby or to act on a spring force which presses the guide roller 10a against the tower section 2, said rotation axis 14 of the respective guide roller 10a is fixed to a support element support 15 which is movable relative to the aforementioned guide frame part 13 and by a Spring device 16 is supported. Advantageously, the said spring device 16 may comprise at least two spring elements 17 which can be arranged on both sides of the guide roller 10a or its axis of rotation 14 and on the one hand on the guide frame part 13 and on the other hand supported on the support element carrier 15 so that the support element carrier 15 and thus the guide roller 10a against the Tower section 2 is stretched.
Durch die Aufnahme der Drehachse 14 in den langlochartigen Führungsschlitz 12 ist die Verfahrbarkeit der Führungsrolle 10a quer zur Turmlängsachse 9 bzw. quer zur Verfahrrichtung 11 begrenzt, wobei vorteilhafterweise auch definierte Endstellungen am Ende des möglichen Verfahrwegs vorgesehen sind. Einerseits drückt die Federeinrichtung 16 die Drehachse 14 gegen das eine Ende des langlochartigen Führungsschlitzes 12. Werden die Federkräfte überwunden, kann die Führungsrolle 10a ausweichen bzw. einfedern, bis die Endlage der Federeinrichtung 10 und/oder das gegenüberliegende Ende des langlochartigen Führungsschlitzes 12 erreicht ist. Zusätzlich zu den elastisch nachgiebig gelagerten Führungsrollen 10a umfasst die Führung 8 die vorgenannten Gleitbleche 10b, die quer zur Verfahrrichtung 11 im Wesentlichen unnachgiebig, insbesondere starr ausgebildet und angeordnet sein können. By the inclusion of the axis of rotation 14 in the slot-like guide slot 12, the movability of the guide roller 10a is limited transversely to the door longitudinal axis 9 and transversely to the direction of travel 11, wherein advantageously also defined end positions are provided at the end of the possible travel path. On the one hand, the spring means 16 presses the axis of rotation 14 against the one end of the slot-like guide slot 12. If the spring forces are overcome, the guide roller 10a can deflect or deflect until the end position of the spring device 10 and / or the opposite end of the slot-like guide slot 12 is reached. In addition to the elastically yielding guide rollers 10a, the guide 8 comprises the aforementioned sliding plates 10b, which can be configured and arranged substantially unyieldingly, in particular rigidly, transversely to the direction of travel 11.
Die Anordnung der unnachgiebigen Gleitbleche 10b kann dabei vorteilhafterweise derart getroffen sein, dass die genannten Gleitbleche 10b von den Stützflächen am Kranturm 1 , insbesondere den Längsgurt- bzw. Eckstieloberflächen beabstandet bzw. außer Eingriff sind, wobei hier vorteilhafterweise eine nur geringfügige Beabstandung vorgesehen ist, die kleiner ist als der maximal mögliche Einfederweg der Führungsrollen 10a. Insbesondere kann eine leichte Spielpassung zwischen den Gleitblechen 10b und der Turmoberfläche vorgesehen sein, zumindest solange sich die Führungsrollen 10a in einer Neutralstellung oder zumindest nicht in ihrer vollends eingefederten Stellung befinden, sodass die Gleitbleche 10b widerstandsfrei und verschleißfrei an den Turmstücken 12 entlanggleiten können. Wie Fig. 3 zeigt, haben die Gleitbleche 10b gegenüber der Turmoberfläche leicht Luft. Andererseits stabilisieren die genannten Gleitbleche 10b den Kletterrahmen 6 gegenüber dem Kranturm 1 , wenn die Führungsrollen 10a einfedern, das heißt dann geraten die Gleitbleche 10b in Anlage an die Kranturmoberfläche und stützen den Kletterrahmen 6 zusätzlich ab und/oder verhindern ein zu weites Einfedern der Führungsrollen 10a. The arrangement of the unyielding sliding plates 10b can advantageously be made such that the said sliding plates 10b are spaced or disengaged from the supporting surfaces on the crane tower 1, in particular the Längsgurt- or Eckstieloberflächen, wherein here advantageously only a small spacing is provided, which is smaller than the maximum possible compression travel of the guide rollers 10a. In particular, a slight clearance fit between the sliding plates 10b and the tower surface may be provided, at least as long as the guide rollers 10a are in a neutral position or at least not in their fully eingeschederten position, so that the sliding plates 10b can slide along the tower pieces 12 without resistance and wear. As shown in Fig. 3, the sliding plates 10b have a slight air against the tower surface. On the other hand, said sliding plates 10b stabilize the climbing frame 6 with respect to the crane tower 1 when the guide rollers 10a deflect, that is, the sliding plates 10b come into contact with the crane tower surface and additionally support the climbing frame 6 and / or prevent the guide rollers 10a from springing too far ,
Durch die genannten, einfedernden Führungsrollen 10a kann das am Kletterrahmen 6 anstehende Kippmoment visuell erkannt werden und durch entsprechende Ausgleichsmaßnahmen ein ruckfreier Klettervorgang durchgeführt werden. Ein unerwünschter Slip-Stick- Effekt kann verhindert werden. By means of the aforementioned, cushioned guide rollers 10a, the tilting moment applied to the climbing frame 6 can be visually recognized and a jolt-free climbing operation can be carried out by appropriate compensatory measures. An undesirable slip-stick effect can be prevented.
Ferner wird der Verschleiß der Kontaktflächen der Führung 8 des Kletterrahmens 6 am Kranturm 1 auf ein Minimum reduziert, wodurch längere Standzeiten von Turmstücken 2 und den Gleitblechen 10b erreicht werden können. Die genannten Gleitbleche 10b dienen lediglich noch als Anlageblech bzw. nur noch im Notfall als tatsächlich im Eingriff befindliches Gleitblech. Furthermore, the wear of the contact surfaces of the guide 8 of the climbing frame 6 on the crane tower 1 is reduced to a minimum, whereby longer service life of tower sections 2 and the sliding plates 10b can be achieved. The sliding plates 10b mentioned merely serve as an abutment plate or only in an emergency as actually engaged sliding plate.
Durch den stark verringerten Verschleiß an den Kontaktflächen kann auch die Rostbildung signifikant reduziert werden. The greatly reduced wear on the contact surfaces can also significantly reduce rust formation.

Claims

Ansprüche  claims
Klettereinrichtung für eine Turmdrehkran, mit einem entlang des Kranturms (1) verfahrbaren Kletterrahmen (6) zum Ein- und/oder Abklettern von Turmstücken (2), wobei eine Führung (8) zum längsverfahrbaren Abstützen des Kletterrahmens (6) gegenüber dem Kranturm (1) vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Führung (8) quer zur Verfahrrichtung (11) des Kletterrahmens (6) elastisch nachgiebig gelagerte und/oder elastisch nachgiebig ausgebildete Querstützelemente (10a) aufweist. Climbing device for a tower crane, comprising a climbing frame (6) movable for climbing in and out of towers (2) along the crane tower (1), a guide (8) for longitudinally supporting the climbing frame (6) relative to the crane tower (1 ), characterized in that the guide (8) transversely to the direction of travel (11) of the climbing frame (6) elastically yielding and / or elastically yielding formed transverse support elements (10a).
Kletterein richtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei die genannten Querstützelemente (10a) als Führungsrollen ausgebildet sind. Climbing device according to the preceding claim, wherein said lateral support elements (10a) are designed as guide rollers.
Klettereinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die elastisch nachgiebig gelagerten Querstützelemente (10a) von einer Federeinrichtung (16) in eine Führungseingriffsstellung vorgespannt sind, insbesondere auf die Kranturmoberfläche zu vorgespannt sind. Climbing device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the elastically resiliently mounted transverse support elements (10a) are biased by a spring device (16) in a guide engagement position, in particular to the crane tower surface to be biased.
4. Klettereinrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei ein Stützelementeträger (15), an dem ein jeweiliges Querstützelement (10a) gelagert ist, quer verfahrbar gelagert und von zwei auf verschiedenen Seiten des Querstützelements (10a) angeordneten Federelementen (17) abgestützt ist. 4. climbing device according to the preceding claim, wherein a support element carrier (15) on which a respective transverse support member (10a) is mounted, mounted transversely movable and supported by two on different sides of the transverse support member (10a) arranged spring elements (17).
5. Klettereinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Führung (8) einen Nachgiebigkeitsbegrenzer (18) zum Begrenzen des Nachgebens quer zur Verfahrrichtung (11) aufweist. 5. Climbing device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the guide (8) has a compliance limiter (18) for limiting the yielding transversely to the direction of travel (11).
6. Klettereinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Führung (8) zusätzlich zu den vorgenannten, elastisch nachgiebig gelagerten Querstützelementen (10a) weitere, quer zur Verfahrrichtung (11) unnachgiebig gelagerte und Querstützelemente (10b) aufweist. 6. Climbing device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the guide (8) in addition to the aforementioned, elastically yielding supported transverse support elements (10a) further, transversely to the travel direction (11) relentlessly mounted and transverse support elements (10b).
7. Klettereinrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei die unnachgiebig gelagerten, weiteren Querstützelemente (10b) dann, wenn sich die elastisch nachgiebig gelagerten Querstützelemente (10a) in einer unausgelenkten Neutralstellung befinden, außer Eingriff sind und/oder nur mit Spiel in Eingriff mit einer zugehörigen Stützfläche sind. 7. Climbing device according to the preceding claim, wherein the relentlessly mounted, further transverse support elements (10b), when the elastically yielding mounted transverse support elements (10a) are in an undeflected neutral position, are disengaged and / or only with play in engagement with an associated Support surface are.
8. Klettereinrichtung nach einem der beiden vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die unnachgiebig gelagerten Querstützelemente (10b) gegenüber den nachgiebig gelagerten Querstützelementen (10a), wenn sich Letztere in einer ausgefederten Stellung befinden, von der Kranturmoberfläche weg zurückgesetzt sind, wobei vorteilhafterweise der genannte Versatz von der Kranturmoberfläche weg kleiner ist als der maximale Einfederweg der elastisch nachgiebig gelagerten Querstützelemente (10a). 8. Climbing device according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the relentlessly mounted transverse support elements (10b) relative to the resiliently mounted transverse support elements (10a), when the latter are in a rebound position, are reset away from the crane tower surface, advantageously said offset from the Crane tower surface away is smaller than the maximum compression travel of the elastically resiliently mounted transverse support elements (10 a).
9. Klettereinrichtung nach einem der drei vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die unnachgiebig gelagerten Querstützelemente (10b) als Gleitlager, insbesondere Gleitbleche, ausgebildet sind. 9. Climbing device according to one of the three preceding claims, wherein the relentlessly mounted transverse support elements (10b) as sliding bearings, in particular sliding plates, are formed.
10. Klettereinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei auf mehreren Seiten des Kletterrahmens (6), vorzugsweise paarweise auf jeweils gegenüberliegenden Seiten, Querstützelemente (10) vorgesehen sind, zwischen denen ein Turmstück (2) passgenau aufnehmbar ist, und/oder in achsialer Richtung parallel zur Verschieberichtung (11) mehrere Querstützelemente vorgesehen sind. 10. Climbing device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on several sides of the climbing frame (6), preferably in pairs on opposite sides, transverse support elements (10) are provided, between which a tower section (2) is accurately recorded, and / or in the axial direction a plurality of transverse support elements are provided parallel to the displacement direction (11).
11. Klettereinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Führung (8) auf mehreren Seite Führungsrollen (10a) umfasst, die in zueinander entgegengesetzten Richtungen vorgespannt sind und/oder in zueinander entgegengesetzten Richtungen elastisch nachgiebig gelagert sind. 11. Climbing device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the guide (8) on several sides guide rollers (10 a) which are biased in opposite directions and / or are mounted elastically yielding in opposite directions.
EP15709098.6A 2014-03-11 2015-03-10 Climbing device for a rotary tower crane Active EP3116821B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE202014002263 2014-03-11
DE202014003465.6U DE202014003465U1 (en) 2014-03-11 2014-04-24 Climbing device for a tower crane
PCT/EP2015/000529 WO2015135645A1 (en) 2014-03-11 2015-03-10 Climbing device for a rotary tower crane

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EP3116821A1 true EP3116821A1 (en) 2017-01-18
EP3116821B1 EP3116821B1 (en) 2017-10-25

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EP (1) EP3116821B1 (en)
CN (1) CN106232517B (en)
DE (1) DE202014003465U1 (en)
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US20190084810A9 (en) 2019-03-21
CN106232517B (en) 2019-07-12
ES2656771T3 (en) 2018-02-28
DE202014003465U1 (en) 2015-06-15
CN106232517A (en) 2016-12-14
US20170008740A1 (en) 2017-01-12
WO2015135645A1 (en) 2015-09-17
US10273122B2 (en) 2019-04-30
EP3116821B1 (en) 2017-10-25

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