EP3109835B1 - Method and system for recording driver and drive data - Google Patents

Method and system for recording driver and drive data Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3109835B1
EP3109835B1 EP16174944.5A EP16174944A EP3109835B1 EP 3109835 B1 EP3109835 B1 EP 3109835B1 EP 16174944 A EP16174944 A EP 16174944A EP 3109835 B1 EP3109835 B1 EP 3109835B1
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Prior art keywords
data
tachograph
central database
driver
server
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EP16174944.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3109835A1 (en
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Michael Huber
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Deutsche Telekom AG
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Deutsche Telekom AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
    • G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
    • G07C5/0841—Registering performance data
    • G07C5/085—Registering performance data using electronic data carriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
    • G07C5/008—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles communicating information to a remotely located station

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solution for driving and driver data acquisition, namely for the acquisition of data, such as driving and rest times, which document the working hours and driving behavior of drivers, especially in commercial goods transport and in commercial passenger transport. It relates to a method for recording corresponding data and to a system suitable for carrying out the method.
  • the latter is, in the broadest sense, a tachograph or tachograph, which in the present case, however, consists of a plurality of components that are only partially located locally, that is, in the vehicle in relation to which the data are recorded.
  • Tachographs or tachographs are used to ensure or increase safety in road traffic. They are mainly used in trucks, coaches and small vans. With their help, it is recorded in particular whether the drivers of a corresponding motor vehicle comply with the legally stipulated driving and rest times. Legal stipulations on driving and rest times exist primarily to ensure that drivers are rested and therefore only take part in road traffic when they are in good physical condition and do not accept an increased risk of accidents due to fatigue. In addition, this data can be of importance under labor law, in particular in connection with the documentation of working hours and the possibility of checking the hourly wage actually paid to the drivers with regard to compliance with a statutory minimum wage.
  • the data recorded by the tachograph such as time stamps, speed, distance kilometers and data for vehicle and / or driver identification, enable the security and / or regulatory authorities, in particular the police, to check whether there are any legal regulations during the driving and rest times or the speed are also observed by the driver.
  • tachographs are electromechanical units coupled with the speedometer of a vehicle, which record travel data over time on a chart plate made of paper or cardboard to be inserted by the driver in the tachograph.
  • the recording is interrupted, so that the recordings on the corresponding diagram disc can be seen in retrospect in which periods of time a vehicle was moved by the driver or the drive was interrupted by him to take a break.
  • this monitoring principle is basically undermined from the start and unfortunately to an ever increasing extent by manipulation.
  • the drivers use several different discs to record the driving and rest times. As a result, there is practically no possibility of checking the actual driving and rest times of a driver.
  • Digital tachographs store the relevant data for generally 365 days in a sealed memory module of a corresponding device installed in the respective vehicle.
  • personal data of the driver is stored on a personal driver card in the form of a chip card or the like, with which the driver must identify himself to the digital tachograph before starting the journey.
  • Driver-specific data recorded during the journey are also recorded on this card for 28 days.
  • the number of manipulations is also increasing with digital tachographs and thus impairing road safety. Estimates suggest that Up to 50% of all digital tachographs or tachographs, i.e. in particular the data recorded by them, can be manipulated.
  • EP 2 157 551 A2 describes a tachograph readout device with the aid of which data read out from a tachograph are transmitted to a mobile phone via an interface. Using the mobile phone, this data can be transferred to a remote, fixed computer if necessary. In connection with the latter, it can be provided that the mobile phone receives integrity data from the stationary computer, based on which it can be determined whether the data received on the stationary computer actually completely matches the company data read in from the digital tachograph.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a technical solution for recording driving and driver data, such as driving and rest times in particular, but also information on vehicle speed and distance traveled and the like, through which manipulation attempts in connection with the Data acquisition or to the recorded Data become more recognizable for the security and / or regulatory authorities.
  • driving and driver data such as driving and rest times in particular, but also information on vehicle speed and distance traveled and the like
  • a method and a system designed to carry out the method are to be specified.
  • driving and driver data namely data documenting the working hours and driving behavior of a driver, as already known in principle from the prior art, are recorded locally by means of a tachograph arranged in a motor vehicle, i.e. within the tachograph of the motor vehicle recorded.
  • a respective driver identifies himself to this tachograph by means of a personalized identification module before starting a journey.
  • the identification module can be, for example, a smart card to be carried by the driver, on which personal, unambiguously identifying features of the driver, such as, of course, name and date of birth in particular, are stored.
  • the driving and driver data are initially data for vehicle identification and data for identifying the driver, which are read out from the identification module carried by the driver during the identification process. In addition, it is repeated, possibly periodically recorded data, namely in particular data recorded while driving, such as driving speed and distance traveled, as well as data on driving, working, standby and rest times and the like. Each data record from recorded data is given a time stamp. All of the aforementioned data are stored in a local memory with which the tachograph is equipped.
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • the automated, M2M data transmission takes place without the driver or other persons having to initiate this and, moreover, without the possibility of human intervention.
  • access to the data stored in the database can also be made possible for the drivers and / or the freight forwarders or operators of corresponding haulage companies, but then this is only read access.
  • this read access for the driver and / or the freight forwarder is also restricted to data which are not relevant for the security and / or regulatory authorities with regard to ensuring road safety and possible manipulation attempts.
  • Both write and read access is, however, preferably only made possible by security and / or regulatory authorities, such as the police, via the web-based portal mentioned.
  • the tachographs of the individual vehicles involved in the process naturally have write access to the database, but this access takes place by means of automated M2M communication that is not conducted via the aforementioned portal.
  • the driving and driver data held in the central database also each include current position data based on cell location a mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit can be determined with which a tachograph that transmits driving and driver data to the central database is equipped. These are data relating to the instantaneous position of the tachograph transmitting this data or the mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit that is permanently connected to it and is used for the transmission at the moment of the transmission of the remaining driving and driver data.
  • the position data is transferred by the respective tachograph itself, i.e. a control and processing unit of this tachograph, which transmits the driving and driver data, from the respective current radio cell data of the mobile network, which is transmitted by its mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit is used, determined and transmitted to the central database together with the other driving and driver data.
  • the method according to the invention is designed in such a way that the data held in the central database in any case include position data of the mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit, which are determined by the at least one server also holding the central database on the basis of radio cell data that it receives immediately after receipt requests the remaining travel and driver data transmitted by a respective tachograph from technical units of the associated mobile phone provider.
  • Both the driving and driver data and the position data are transmitted to the database held by the at least one server periodically, preferably at time intervals of 30 seconds to 1 minute, or are stored in it.
  • the data stored or to be stored in the local memory is transmitted to the central database, this is intended to express that the transmission of the data in question is not immediately in real time or not absolutely parallel to its storage must be done in local storage. Rather, the transmission to the central database can also take place with a slight time delay of, however, preferably only a few seconds take place, especially since the data will not arrive at the database until some time after the storage in the local memory, even in the case of a parallel transmission.
  • the data or file formats of the data stored on the one hand in the local memory and on the other hand transmitted to the central database may also differ from one another. In this respect, it is only important that the security and / or regulatory authorities accessing the database are able to access the data stored there, in particular also very promptly at the time they are recorded on and / or in the motor vehicle.
  • a comparison of the locally stored data with the data held centrally in the database should preferably be ensured, namely according to a further development of the method to be addressed, in order to be able to immediately identify any manipulation or attempted manipulation.
  • any differences between the data stored locally by a tachograph and the data corresponding to this stored in the central database of the at least one server are determined and corresponding Notes about an alleged attempt at manipulation are stored at least in the central database with the data accessible in particular to the security and / or regulatory authorities.
  • a corresponding evaluation establishes that, according to the data stored locally in the memory of the tachograph, a respective motor vehicle being viewed was at a standstill within a time period x-y, while a change was made in the database on the at least one server the position is recorded.
  • the entire data acquisition and storage is therefore very transparent for the authorities.
  • the data held in the central database are held there for a predefined period of time, for example for a period of preferably 3 months to 6 months, possibly 12 months.
  • a possible further development of the method can be that any discrepancies that exist between the data in the memory of the tachograph and the data in the central database and determined by means of the aforementioned algorithm are also transmitted to the tachograph in the motor vehicle by the at least one server holding the central database become. This opens up the possibility, in the event of such discrepancies, in the extreme case, for example after switching off the ignition, to at least temporarily prevent the motor vehicle from restarting by means of suitable actuators controlled by the tachograph.
  • the respective tachograph can influence the driving behavior of the motor vehicle concerned in a different way, for example by temporarily reducing the maximum vehicle speed, by means of corresponding actuators designed for this purpose.
  • the method can also be developed in such a way that if implausibilities are determined, the at least one server holding the central database transmits information intended for the driver to the respective tachograph, which information is output by the tachograph.
  • the latter can be done, for example, by outputting a text or voice message indicating an implausibility via corresponding output means or output units, that is to say via a display or a loudspeaker of the tachograph or via output units connected to it.
  • the security and / or regulatory authorities in Access the central database in connection with traffic controls and inspect the driving and driver data of vehicles and drivers on the way to a corresponding checkpoint and, in the event that they become aware of implausibilities, a message to at least one of the Transmit database holding server, which forwards it to the tachograph of the motor vehicle concerned.
  • the security and / or regulatory authorities in Access the central database in connection with traffic controls and inspect the driving and driver data of vehicles and drivers on the way to a corresponding checkpoint and, in the event that they become aware of implausibilities, a message to at least one of the Transmit database holding server, which forwards it to the tachograph of the motor vehicle concerned.
  • drivers affected by an implausibility or the driver of a vehicle affected by this are requested by the security and / or regulatory authorities to drive to the corresponding checkpoint and / or the next parking space.
  • a very advantageous application of the proposed solution which results from the storage of driving and driver data at a central point, namely in the central database, consists in the possibility of identification and location of dangerous goods transporters by the security and / or regulatory authorities or security authorities by emergency services.
  • corresponding additional information for example on the hazard class of a transported dangerous goods, is transmitted to the central database.
  • the security and / or regulatory authorities could control more specifically and rescue workers or other emergency services of the disaster control as well as from the corresponding control units could react faster and more specifically in the event of an accident with dangerous goods.
  • the prerequisite here would be that the driver enters the information required in this respect for transmission to the central database in the tachograph or reads into the tachograph, for example, from a freight bill using a reader coupled to the tachograph. If necessary, the possibility of starting the motor vehicle or setting it in motion could be linked to the fact that the motorist first fulfills a corresponding obligation.
  • the persons authorized to do so namely in particular the security and / or regulatory authorities, have access to the database held by the at least one remote server via the web-based portal by means of mobile devices, such as tablet PCs or smartphones, enables.
  • the relevant mobile terminals are equipped with a program application that can be processed by them, preferably with a mini-program application (app).
  • the system for recording driving and driver data which is designed to carry out the method and which solves the task, is to be used below on the basis of the Fig. 1 are explained, which shows an embodiment of the system in a highly schematic representation.
  • the system consists of a included in each in the process motor vehicle 1 1 - 1 n arranged tachograph 3 1 - 3 n and to be read out from this tachograph before driving identification module 4 1 - 4 n of the respective motor vehicle 1 1 - 1 n leading Driver 2 1 - 2 n .
  • the identification module 4 1 - 4 n is, for example, a smart card or chip card, which the driver 2 1 - 2 n either inserts into a corresponding slot of a reader or a reading unit of the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n for identification or with a is equipped with the profile data of the driver 2 1 - 2 n to be read out by the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n , for example via a Bluetooth connection.
  • the system comprises at least one accessible over a network server 6 connected to the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n according to the principle of the machine-to- machine communication data via an automated with the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n-coupled Mobilfunksende- and receiving device 5 1 - 5 n and exchange a cellular network.
  • Server 6 - to this extent this can also be a cloud solution with a plurality of servers 6 - the central database 7 is kept in which all data stored in local memories of the motor vehicles 1 1 - 1 n after transmission by the tachograph has taken place 3 1 - 3 n can be saved again.
  • the data stored in the central database also includes position data which, in the course of the data transmission to the at least one server 6 or to the central database 7 held by it for a mobile radio transmitting and receiving device 5 1 - 5 n of the respective tachograph 3 1 - 3 n used for data transmission by way of a radio cell location.
  • the corresponding radio cell data are requested by the server 6 in each case after receipt of the driving and driver data transmitted by the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n from the technical units of the mobile radio provider.
  • the system also includes a web-based portal provided by the at least one server 6, preferably arranged as part of a cloud solution on the Internet, which authorized persons, in particular the security and / or regulatory authorities, by means of terminal devices 8 1 - 8 n allows access to the driving and driver data stored in the central database 7.
  • a web-based portal provided by the at least one server 6, preferably arranged as part of a cloud solution on the Internet, which authorized persons, in particular the security and / or regulatory authorities, by means of terminal devices 8 1 - 8 n allows access to the driving and driver data stored in the central database 7.
  • Such access can be made possible for these persons using stationary PC workstations and / or mobile devices such as laptops, tablet PCs or smartphones.
  • On the relevant with a unit for network access, especially access to the Internet equipped terminal devices 8 1 - 8 n to an access-controlling the data and the data on the relevant terminal device 8 1 - 8 n visualized program application installed. If mobile terminals 8 1 - 8 n are used to access the central

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Time Recorders, Dirve Recorders, Access Control (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Lösung zur Fahr- und Fahrerdatenerfassung, nämlich zur Erfassung von Daten, wie zum Beispiel Lenk- und Ruhezeiten, welche die Arbeitszeit und das Fahrverhalten von Kraftfahrern insbesondere im gewerblichen Gütertransport und bei der gewerblichen Personenbeförderung dokumentieren. Sie bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Aufzeichnung entsprechender Daten und auf ein zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignetes System. Bei Letzterem handelt es sich im weitesten Sinne um einen Tachographen beziehungsweise Fahrtenschreiber, welcher vorliegend jedoch aus einer Mehrzahl von Komponenten besteht, die nur teilweise lokal, das heißt in dem Fahrzeug angeordnet sind, in Bezug auf welches die Daten erfasst werden.The invention relates to a solution for driving and driver data acquisition, namely for the acquisition of data, such as driving and rest times, which document the working hours and driving behavior of drivers, especially in commercial goods transport and in commercial passenger transport. It relates to a method for recording corresponding data and to a system suitable for carrying out the method. The latter is, in the broadest sense, a tachograph or tachograph, which in the present case, however, consists of a plurality of components that are only partially located locally, that is, in the vehicle in relation to which the data are recorded.

Tachographen oder Fahrtenschreiber werden eingesetzt, um die Sicherheit im Straßenverkehr zu gewährleisten beziehungsweise zu erhöhen. Sie finden vor allem Einsatz in LKWs, Reisebussen und Kleintransportern. Mit ihrer Hilfe wird insbesondere erfasst, ob die Fahrer eines entsprechenden Kraftfahrzeugs die gesetzlich festgelegten Lenk- und Ruhezeiten einhalten. Gesetzliche Festlegungen zu den Lenk- und Ruhezeiten bestehen vor allem, um sicherzustellen, dass die Kraftfahrer ausgeruht und somit mutmaßlich nur bei körperlich guter Verfassung am Straßenverkehr teilnehmen und nicht etwa aufgrund von Übermüdung ein erhöhtes Unfallrisiko in Kauf nehmen. Zudem können diese Daten arbeitsrechtlich, insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit der Dokumentation von Arbeitsstunden und mit der dadurch gegebenen Möglichkeit einer Überprüfung des den Kraftfahrern tatsächlich gezahlten Stundenlohns bezüglich der Einhaltung eines gesetzlichen Mindestlohns von Bedeutung sein. Im Hinblick auf die Verkehrssicherheit ermöglichen es die durch die Fahrtenschreiber aufgezeichneten Daten, wie Zeitstempel, Geschwindigkeit, Entfernungskilometer und Daten zur Fahrzeug- und/oder Fahreridentifikation, den Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden, insbesondere der Polizei, zu überprüfen, ob bestehende gesetzliche Regelungen zu den Lenk- und Ruhezeiten oder zur Geschwindigkeit durch die Fahrer auch eingehalten werden.Tachographs or tachographs are used to ensure or increase safety in road traffic. They are mainly used in trucks, coaches and small vans. With their help, it is recorded in particular whether the drivers of a corresponding motor vehicle comply with the legally stipulated driving and rest times. Legal stipulations on driving and rest times exist primarily to ensure that drivers are rested and therefore only take part in road traffic when they are in good physical condition and do not accept an increased risk of accidents due to fatigue. In addition, this data can be of importance under labor law, in particular in connection with the documentation of working hours and the possibility of checking the hourly wage actually paid to the drivers with regard to compliance with a statutory minimum wage. With regard to road safety, the data recorded by the tachograph, such as time stamps, speed, distance kilometers and data for vehicle and / or driver identification, enable the security and / or regulatory authorities, in particular the police, to check whether there are any legal regulations during the driving and rest times or the speed are also observed by the driver.

In ihrer ursprünglichen Ausbildungsform sind Tachographen mit dem Tachometer eines Fahrzeugs gekoppelte elektromechanische Einheiten, welche Fahrdaten auf einer von dem Fahrer jeweils in den Tachographen einzulegenden Diagrammscheibe aus Papier beziehungsweise Pappe über der Zeit aufzeichnen. Bei Stillstand des Fahrzeugs wird die Aufzeichnung unterbrochen, so dass im Nachhinein aus den Aufzeichnungen auf der entsprechenden Diagrammscheibe zu erkennen ist, in welchen Zeiträumen ein Fahrzeug durch den Fahrer bewegt wurde beziehungsweise durch ihn die Fahrt zur Einlegung einer Ruhepause unterbrochen wurde. Aufgrund des hohen Wettbewerbs und Preisdrucks insbesondere im Gütertransportgewerbe wird jedoch dieses Überwachungsprinzip im Grunde bereits von Beginn an und leider in ständig steigendem Maße durch Manipulationen unterlaufen. Beispielsweise werden durch die Kraftfahrer mehrere unterschiedliche Scheiben zur Aufzeichnung der Lenk- und Ruhezeiten verwendet. Hierdurch ist praktisch keine Möglichkeit mehr gegeben, die tatsächlichen Lenk- und Ruhezeiten eines Fahrers zu kontrollieren.In their original form, tachographs are electromechanical units coupled with the speedometer of a vehicle, which record travel data over time on a chart plate made of paper or cardboard to be inserted by the driver in the tachograph. When the vehicle is at a standstill, the recording is interrupted, so that the recordings on the corresponding diagram disc can be seen in retrospect in which periods of time a vehicle was moved by the driver or the drive was interrupted by him to take a break. Due to the high level of competition and price pressure, especially in the freight transport industry, this monitoring principle is basically undermined from the start and unfortunately to an ever increasing extent by manipulation. For example, the drivers use several different discs to record the driving and rest times. As a result, there is practically no possibility of checking the actual driving and rest times of a driver.

In neuerer Zeit erfolgte beziehungsweise erfolgt eine Umstellung auf digitale Tachographen, wodurch zumindest vorübergehend eine Verringerung der Zahl von Manipulationen erreicht werden konnte. Digitale Tachographen speichern die relevanten Daten für im Allgemeinen 365 Tage in einem versiegelten Speichermodul eines entsprechenden, im jeweiligen Fahrzeug verbauten Gerätes. Zusätzlich werden auf einer personengebundenen Fahrerkarte in Form einer Chipkarte oder dergleichen persönliche Daten des Fahrers gespeichert, mit denen dieser sich vor Fahrtantritt gegenüber dem digitalen Tachographen identifizieren muss. Auf dieser Karte werden zudem während der Fahrt erfasste Daten fahrerspezifisch für 28 Tage aufgezeichnet. Leider ist inzwischen festzustellen, dass auch bei digitalen Tachographen die Zahl der Manipulationen zunimmt und damit die Sicherheit im Straßenverkehr beeinträchtigt wird. Schätzungen gehen davon aus, dass bis zu 50 % aller digitalen Fahrtenschreiber beziehungsweise Tachographen, das heißt insbesondere die durch sie aufgezeichneten Daten, manipuliert werden.More recently, there has been or is a switch to digital tachographs, which at least temporarily reduced the number of manipulations. Digital tachographs store the relevant data for generally 365 days in a sealed memory module of a corresponding device installed in the respective vehicle. In addition, personal data of the driver is stored on a personal driver card in the form of a chip card or the like, with which the driver must identify himself to the digital tachograph before starting the journey. Driver-specific data recorded during the journey are also recorded on this card for 28 days. Unfortunately, it has meanwhile been established that the number of manipulations is also increasing with digital tachographs and thus impairing road safety. Estimates suggest that Up to 50% of all digital tachographs or tachographs, i.e. in particular the data recorded by them, can be manipulated.

In der DE 10 2007 062 960 A1 wird eine Lösung zur Archivierung der von einem Fahrtenschreiber beziehungsweise von einem Tachographen eines Nutzfahrzeugs aufgezeichneten Daten in einer von dem Fahrzeug beabstandeten Datenverarbeitungsanlage beschrieben. Hierzu wird vorgeschlagen, diese Daten mittels eines mit dem Tachographen gekoppelten Kommunikationssteuergerätes, welches ein GSM-Modul oder ein damit vergleichbares Modul zur drahtlosen Datenübertragung umfasst, an die beabstandeten Datenverarbeitungsanlage zu übertragen.In the DE 10 2007 062 960 A1 describes a solution for archiving the data recorded by a tachograph or by a tachograph of a commercial vehicle in a data processing system spaced from the vehicle. For this purpose, it is proposed that these data be transmitted to the remote data processing system by means of a communication control device which is coupled to the tachograph and which comprises a GSM module or a module comparable to it for wireless data transmission.

Eine vergleichbare Lösung wird bereits auch schon in der WO 2004/066219 A1 beschrieben, wobei die gemäß dieser Lösung an eine entfernte Datenzentrale übertragenen Daten erste Daten umfassen, welche durch kryptographische Schlüssel authentifiziert werden.A comparable solution is already being used in the WO 2004/066219 A1 described, wherein the data transmitted to a remote data center according to this solution comprise first data which are authenticated by cryptographic keys.

In der EP 2 157 551 A2 wird eine Tachographen-Auslesevorrichtung beschrieben, mit deren Hilfe aus einem Tachographen ausgelesene Daten über eine Schnittstelle an ein Mobiltelefon übertragen werden. Mittels des Mobiltelefons können diese Daten gegebenenfalls weiter an einen entfernten ortsfesten Rechner übertragen werden. Im Zusammenhang mit Letzterem kann es dabei vorgesehen sein, dass durch das Mobiltelefon Integritätsdaten vom ortsfesten Rechner empfangen werden, aufgrund derer festgestellt werden kann, ob die auf dem ortsfesten Rechner empfangenen Daten tatsächlich vollständig mit den aus den digitalen Tachographen eingelesenen Unternehmensdaten übereinstimmen.In the EP 2 157 551 A2 describes a tachograph readout device with the aid of which data read out from a tachograph are transmitted to a mobile phone via an interface. Using the mobile phone, this data can be transferred to a remote, fixed computer if necessary. In connection with the latter, it can be provided that the mobile phone receives integrity data from the stationary computer, based on which it can be determined whether the data received on the stationary computer actually completely matches the company data read in from the digital tachograph.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine technische Lösung zur Aufzeichnung von Fahr- und Fahrerdaten, wie insbesondere von Fahr- und Ruhezeiten, aber auch von Angaben zur Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit und zu gefahrenen Entfernungskilometern und dergleichen, zur Verfügung zu stellen, durch welche Manipulationsversuche im Zusammenhang mit der Datenerfassung oder an den aufgezeichneten Daten für die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden besser erkennbar werden. Hierzu sind ein Verfahren und ein zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ausgebildetes System anzugeben.The object of the invention is to provide a technical solution for recording driving and driver data, such as driving and rest times in particular, but also information on vehicle speed and distance traveled and the like, through which manipulation attempts in connection with the Data acquisition or to the recorded Data become more recognizable for the security and / or regulatory authorities. For this purpose, a method and a system designed to carry out the method are to be specified.

Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs gelöst. Ein die Aufgabe lösendes, zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignetes System wird durch den ersten beziehungsweise den unabhängigen Sachanspruch charakterisiert. Vorteilhafte Aus- und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind durch die Unteransprüche gegeben.The object is achieved by a method with the features of the main claim. A system that solves the task and is suitable for carrying out the method is characterized by the first or the independent substantive claim. Advantageous designs and developments of the invention are given by the subclaims.

Nach dem zur Lösung der Aufgabe vorgeschlagenen Verfahren werden Fahr- und Fahrerdaten, nämlich die Arbeitszeit und das Fahrverhalten eines Kraftfahrers dokumentierende Daten, wie aus dem Stand der Technik grundsätzlich bereits bekannt, mittels eines in einem Kraftfahrzeug angeordneten Tachographen lokal, das heißt in dem Tachographen innerhalb des Kraftfahrzeugs aufgezeichnet. Gegenüber diesem Tachographen identifiziert sich ein jeweiliger Kraftfahrer vor dem Antritt einer Fahrt mittels eines personalisierten Identifikationsmoduls. Bei dem Identifikationsmodul kann es sich beispielsweise um eine von dem Kraftfahrer mitzuführende Smartcard handeln, auf welcher zu dem Kraftfahrer persönliche, ihn eindeutig identifizierende Merkmale, wie natürlich insbesondere Name und Geburtsdatum, abgespeichert sind.According to the method proposed to solve the problem, driving and driver data, namely data documenting the working hours and driving behavior of a driver, as already known in principle from the prior art, are recorded locally by means of a tachograph arranged in a motor vehicle, i.e. within the tachograph of the motor vehicle recorded. A respective driver identifies himself to this tachograph by means of a personalized identification module before starting a journey. The identification module can be, for example, a smart card to be carried by the driver, on which personal, unambiguously identifying features of the driver, such as, of course, name and date of birth in particular, are stored.

Bei den Fahr- und Fahrerdaten handelt es sich zunächst um Daten zur Fahrzeugidentifikation und Daten zur Identifikation des Fahrers, welche während des Identifikationsvorgangs aus dem von dem Fahrer mitgeführten Identifikationsmodul ausgelesen werden. Darüber hinaus handelt es sich um wiederholt, gegebenenfalls periodisch erfasste Daten, nämlich insbesondere um während der Fahrt erfasste Daten, wie Fahrgeschwindigkeit und zurückgelegte Entfernungskilometer, sowie um Daten zu Lenk-, Arbeits-, Bereitschafts- und Ruhezeiten und dergleichen. Dabei wird jeder Datensatz aus erfassten Daten jeweils mit einem Zeitstempel versehen. Alle vorgenannten Daten werden in einem lokalen Speicher abgelegt, mit welchem der Tachograph ausgestattet ist.The driving and driver data are initially data for vehicle identification and data for identifying the driver, which are read out from the identification module carried by the driver during the identification process. In addition, it is repeated, possibly periodically recorded data, namely in particular data recorded while driving, such as driving speed and distance traveled, as well as data on driving, working, standby and rest times and the like. Each data record from recorded data is given a time stamp. All of the aforementioned data are stored in a local memory with which the tachograph is equipped.

Erfindungsgemäß werden die in dem lokalen Speicher des Tachographen abgelegten beziehungsweise abzulegenden Daten durch den Tachographen zusätzlich unter Nutzung eines Mobilfunknetzes automatisiert, nämlich Machine-to-Machine (Machine to Machine beziehungsweise Maschine-zu-Maschine = M2M), an eine zentrale Datenbank übertragen, welche von mindestens einem entfernt angeordneten, über ein Netzwerk zugänglichen Server gehalten wird. Die automatisiert, M2M erfolgende Datenübertragung vollzieht sich dabei ohne, dass dies durch den Fahrer oder andere Personen veranlasst werden müsste und zudem ohne die Möglichkeit eines menschlichen Eingreifens. Auf die in der vorgenannten zentralen Datenbank gespeicherten, die Arbeitszeit und das Fahrverhalten einer Mehrzahl von Kraftfahrern dokumentierenden Daten ist über ein webbasiertes Portal ausschließlich dazu ermächtigten Personen ein Vollzugriff (Vollzugriff = Zugriff lesend und schreibend auf alle Daten) ermöglicht.According to the invention, the data stored or to be stored in the local memory of the tachograph are additionally automated by the tachograph using a cellular network, namely machine-to-machine (machine-to-machine or machine-to-machine = M2M), transmitted to a central database, which is held by at least one remotely located, network-accessible server. The automated, M2M data transmission takes place without the driver or other persons having to initiate this and, moreover, without the possibility of human intervention. A web-based portal allows only authorized persons full access (full access = read and write access to all data) to the data stored in the aforementioned central database and documenting the working hours and driving behavior of a large number of drivers.

Grundsätzlich kann ein Zugriff auf die in der Datenbank gespeicherten Daten auch den Fahrern und/oder den Spediteuren beziehungsweise Betreibern entsprechender Fuhrunternehmen ermöglicht sein, jedoch handelt es sich dann dabei lediglich um einen lesenden Zugriff. Vorzugsweise ist dieser lesende Zugriff für Fahrer und/oder den Spediteure darüber hinaus auf Daten beschränkt, welche im Hinblick auf die Gewährleistung der Verkehrssicherheit und auf eventuelle Manipulationsversuche für die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden nicht relevant sind. Ein sowohl schreibender als auch lesender Zugriff ist über das genannte webbasierte Portal jedoch vorzugsweise nur Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden, wie der Polizei ermöglicht. Einen schreibenden Zugriff auf die Datenbank haben darüber hinaus selbstverständlich die Tachographen der einzelnen in das Verfahren einbezogenen Kraftfahrzeuge, jedoch erfolgt dieser Zugriff im Wege einer nicht über das besagte Portal geführten, automatisierten M2M-Kommunikation.In principle, access to the data stored in the database can also be made possible for the drivers and / or the freight forwarders or operators of corresponding haulage companies, but then this is only read access. Preferably, this read access for the driver and / or the freight forwarder is also restricted to data which are not relevant for the security and / or regulatory authorities with regard to ensuring road safety and possible manipulation attempts. Both write and read access is, however, preferably only made possible by security and / or regulatory authorities, such as the police, via the web-based portal mentioned. In addition, the tachographs of the individual vehicles involved in the process naturally have write access to the database, but this access takes place by means of automated M2M communication that is not conducted via the aforementioned portal.

Die in der zentralen Datenbank gehaltenen Fahr- und Fahrerdaten umfassen erfindungsgemäß jeweils auch aktuelle Positionsdaten, die auf der Basis einer Zellortung einer Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinheit bestimmt werden, mit welcher ein Fahr- und Fahrerdaten an die zentrale Datenbank übertragender Tachograph ausgestattet ist. Hierbei handelt es sich um Daten zu der im Moment der Übertragung der übrigen Fahr- und Fahrerdaten jeweils augenblicklichen Position des diese Daten übermittelnden Tachographen beziehungsweise der von diesem für die Übertragung genutzten, fest an ihn gebundenen Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinheit.According to the invention, the driving and driver data held in the central database also each include current position data based on cell location a mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit can be determined with which a tachograph that transmits driving and driver data to the central database is equipped. These are data relating to the instantaneous position of the tachograph transmitting this data or the mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit that is permanently connected to it and is used for the transmission at the moment of the transmission of the remaining driving and driver data.

Dabei besteht eine nicht beanspruchte Möglichkeit darin, dass die Positionsdaten durch den jeweiligen, die Fahr- und Fahrerdaten übermittelnden Tachographen selbst, das heißt eine Steuer- und Verarbeitungseinheit dieses Tachographen, aus den jeweils aktuellen, Funkzellendaten des Mobilfunknetzes, welches durch seine Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinheit genutzt wird, bestimmt und gemeinsam mit den übrigen Fahr- und Fahrerdaten an die zentrale Datenbank übertragen werden. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist jedoch so gestaltet, dass die in der zentralen Datenbank gehaltenen Daten jedenfalls Positionsdaten der Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinheit umfassen, welche durch den mindestens einen auch die zentrale Datenbank haltenden Server auf der Grundlage von Funkzellendaten bestimmt werden, die dieser unmittelbar nach dem Empfang der übrigen durch einen jeweiligen Tachographen übermittelten Fahr- und Fahrerdaten bei technischen Einheiten des zugehörigen Mobilfunkproviders anfordert.One option that is not claimed here is that the position data is transferred by the respective tachograph itself, i.e. a control and processing unit of this tachograph, which transmits the driving and driver data, from the respective current radio cell data of the mobile network, which is transmitted by its mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit is used, determined and transmitted to the central database together with the other driving and driver data. However, the method according to the invention is designed in such a way that the data held in the central database in any case include position data of the mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit, which are determined by the at least one server also holding the central database on the basis of radio cell data that it receives immediately after receipt requests the remaining travel and driver data transmitted by a respective tachograph from technical units of the associated mobile phone provider.

Sowohl die Fahr- und Fahrerdaten als auch die Positionsdaten werden an die von dem mindestens einen Server gehaltene Datenbank zeitperiodisch, vorzugsweise in zeitlichen Abständen von 30 Sekunden bis 1 Minute, übermittelt beziehungsweise in dieser gespeichert. Soweit vorstehend und im Patentanspruch 1 die Rede davon ist, dass an die zentrale Datenbank die in dem lokalen Speicher abgelegten oder abzulegenden Daten übertragen werden, soll dies zum Ausdruck, dass die Übertragung der betreffenden Daten nicht unmittelbar in Echtzeit beziehungsweise nicht absolut parallel mit ihrer Speicherung in dem lokalen Speicher erfolgen muss. Vielmehr kann die Übertragung an die zentrale Datenbank auch mit einem geringfügigen Zeitverzug von jedoch vorzugsweise nur wenigen Sekunden erfolgen, zumal die Daten auch im Falle einer parallelen Übertragung bei der Datenbank erst einige Zeit nach der Speicherung in dem lokalen Speicher eintreffen werden. Zudem können sich gegebenenfalls auch die Daten- beziehungsweise Dateiformate der einerseits im lokalen Speicher abgelegten und andererseits an die zentrale Datenbank übertragenen Daten voneinander unterscheiden. Wichtig ist es insoweit nur, dass den auf die Datenbank zugreifenden Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden ein Zugriff auf die dort abgespeicherten Daten, insbesondere auch sehr zeitnah zum Zeitpunkt ihrer Erfassung am und/oder im Kraftfahrzeug ermöglicht ist. Darüber hinaus soll unabhängig von Daten- und Dateiformaten vorzugsweise - nämlich gemäß einer noch anzusprechenden Weiterbildung des Verfahrens - ein Vergleich der lokal gespeicherten mit den zentral in der Datenbank gehaltenen Daten gewährleistet sein, um eventuelle Manipulationen oder Manipulationsversuche unmittelbar erkennen zu können.Both the driving and driver data and the position data are transmitted to the database held by the at least one server periodically, preferably at time intervals of 30 seconds to 1 minute, or are stored in it. As far as it is mentioned above and in claim 1 that the data stored or to be stored in the local memory is transmitted to the central database, this is intended to express that the transmission of the data in question is not immediately in real time or not absolutely parallel to its storage must be done in local storage. Rather, the transmission to the central database can also take place with a slight time delay of, however, preferably only a few seconds take place, especially since the data will not arrive at the database until some time after the storage in the local memory, even in the case of a parallel transmission. In addition, the data or file formats of the data stored on the one hand in the local memory and on the other hand transmitted to the central database may also differ from one another. In this respect, it is only important that the security and / or regulatory authorities accessing the database are able to access the data stored there, in particular also very promptly at the time they are recorded on and / or in the motor vehicle. In addition, regardless of data and file formats, a comparison of the locally stored data with the data held centrally in the database should preferably be ensured, namely according to a further development of the method to be addressed, in order to be able to immediately identify any manipulation or attempted manipulation.

Erfindungsgemäß ist es weiterhin vorgesehen, dass mit Hilfe eines durch eine Steuer- und Verarbeitungseinrichtung verarbeitbaren Algorithmus eventuelle, zwischen den durch einen Tachographen lokal gespeicherten Daten und den mit diesen korrespondierenden, in der zentralen Datenbank des mindestens einen Servers gespeicherten Daten bestehende Unterschiede ermittelt und hierzu entsprechende Vermerke über einen vermeintlichen Manipulationsversuch zumindest in der zentralen Datenbank mit den insbesondere für die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden zugänglichen Daten abgespeichert werden. So ist es beispielsweise denkbar, dass im Wege einer entsprechenden Auswertung festgestellt wird, dass laut der lokal in dem Speicher des Tachographen gespeicherten Daten ein jeweils betrachtetes Kraftfahrzeug innerhalb einer Zeitspanne x - y still stand, während in der Datenbank auf dem mindestens einen Server eine Veränderung der Position verzeichnet ist. Dies deutet jedoch auf einen Manipulationsversuch hin, bei welchem versucht worden sein könnte, die lokal gespeicherten Daten zu ändern oder falsche Fahrzeug und/oder Fahreridentifikationsdaten zu verwenden.According to the invention, it is further provided that with the help of an algorithm that can be processed by a control and processing device, any differences between the data stored locally by a tachograph and the data corresponding to this stored in the central database of the at least one server are determined and corresponding Notes about an alleged attempt at manipulation are stored at least in the central database with the data accessible in particular to the security and / or regulatory authorities. It is conceivable, for example, that a corresponding evaluation establishes that, according to the data stored locally in the memory of the tachograph, a respective motor vehicle being viewed was at a standstill within a time period x-y, while a change was made in the database on the at least one server the position is recorded. However, this indicates a manipulation attempt in which an attempt could have been made to change the locally stored data or to use incorrect vehicle and / or driver identification data.

Durch den für die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden gegebenen Zugriff auf die Datenbank und aufgrund der Unterstützung durch den vorgenannten Algorithmus werden demnach Manipulationsversuche sehr schnell erkennbar. Die gesamte Datenerfassung und Speicherung erfolgt somit für die Behörden sehr transparent. Die in der zentralen Datenbank gehaltenen Daten werden dort für einen vordefinierten Zeitraum, beispielsweise für eine Zeitdauer von vorzugsweise 3 Monaten bis 6 Monaten, gegebenenfalls von 12 Monaten, gehalten.Because of the access to the database given for the security and / or regulatory authorities and because of the support provided by the aforementioned algorithm, attempts at manipulation can therefore be identified very quickly. The entire data acquisition and storage is therefore very transparent for the authorities. The data held in the central database are held there for a predefined period of time, for example for a period of preferably 3 months to 6 months, possibly 12 months.

Eine mögliche Weiterbildung des Verfahrens kann darin bestehen, dass eventuelle zwischen den Daten im Speicher des Tachographen und den Daten in der zentralen Datenbank bestehende und mittels des vorgenannten Algorithmus festgestellte Diskrepanzen durch den mindestens einen die zentrale Datenbank haltenden Server auch an den im Kraftfahrzeug angeordneten Tachographen übermittelt werden. Hierdurch ist die Möglichkeit eröffnet, im Falle des Bestehens derartiger Diskrepanzen im Extremfall beispielsweise nach dem Ausschalten der Zündung ein erneutes Starten des Kraftfahrzeugs mittels geeigneter, durch den Tachographen angesteuerter Aktoren zumindest vorübergehend zu verhindern.A possible further development of the method can be that any discrepancies that exist between the data in the memory of the tachograph and the data in the central database and determined by means of the aforementioned algorithm are also transmitted to the tachograph in the motor vehicle by the at least one server holding the central database become. This opens up the possibility, in the event of such discrepancies, in the extreme case, for example after switching off the ignition, to at least temporarily prevent the motor vehicle from restarting by means of suitable actuators controlled by the tachograph.

Weiterhin besteht die Möglichkeit, dass der jeweilige Tachograph beim Eingang von Informationen über bestehende Unplausibilitäten mittels entsprechender, dafür ausgebildete Aktoren in anderer Weise, zum Beispiel durch eine vorübergehende Drosselung der maximalen Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit, Einfluss auf das Fahrverhalten des betroffenen Kraftfahrzeugs nimmt. Auch kann das Verfahren derart weitergebildet sein, dass im Falle festgestellter Unplausibilitäten durch den mindestens einen, die zentrale Datenbank haltenden Server an den jeweiligen Tachographen eine für den Kraftfahrer bestimmte Information übermittelt wird, welche durch den Tachographen ausgegeben wird. Letzteres kann zum Beispiel durch die Ausgabe einer auf eine Unplausibilität hinweisenden Text- oder Sprachmitteilung über entsprechende Ausgabemittel beziehungsweise Ausgabeeinheiten, also über ein Display beziehungsweise einen Lautsprecher des Tachographen oder über mit ihm verbundene Ausgabeeinheiten geschehen. Hierbei ist es dann auch denkbar, dass die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden im Zusammenhang mit Verkehrskontrollen auf die zentrale Datenbank zugreifen und Einsicht in die Fahr- und Fahrerdaten von sich auf dem Weg zu einem entsprechenden Kontrollposten befindenden Kraftfahrzeugen und Kraftfahrern nehmen und im Falle dessen, dass sie dabei auf Unplausibilitäten aufmerksam werden, eine Mitteilung an den mindestens einen die Datenbank haltenden Server übermitteln, welcher dieser an den Tachographen des betroffenen Kraftfahrzeugs weiterleitet. So ist es beispielsweise denkbar, dass von einer Unplausibilität betroffener Kraftfahrer beziehungsweise der Kraftfahrer eines hiervon betroffenen Fahrzeugs durch die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden dazu aufgefordert wird den entsprechenden Kontrollposten oder/und den nächsten Parkplatz anzusteuern.There is also the possibility that when information about existing implausibilities is received, the respective tachograph can influence the driving behavior of the motor vehicle concerned in a different way, for example by temporarily reducing the maximum vehicle speed, by means of corresponding actuators designed for this purpose. The method can also be developed in such a way that if implausibilities are determined, the at least one server holding the central database transmits information intended for the driver to the respective tachograph, which information is output by the tachograph. The latter can be done, for example, by outputting a text or voice message indicating an implausibility via corresponding output means or output units, that is to say via a display or a loudspeaker of the tachograph or via output units connected to it. It is then also conceivable that the security and / or regulatory authorities in Access the central database in connection with traffic controls and inspect the driving and driver data of vehicles and drivers on the way to a corresponding checkpoint and, in the event that they become aware of implausibilities, a message to at least one of the Transmit database holding server, which forwards it to the tachograph of the motor vehicle concerned. For example, it is conceivable that drivers affected by an implausibility or the driver of a vehicle affected by this are requested by the security and / or regulatory authorities to drive to the corresponding checkpoint and / or the next parking space.

Ein sehr vorteilhafter Anwendungsfall der vorgeschlagenen Lösung, welcher sich aus der Speicherung von Fahr- und Fahrerdaten an zentraler Stelle, nämlich in der zentralen Datenbank, ergibt, besteht in der Möglichkeit einer Identifikation und Ortung von Gefahrguttransportern durch die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden Sicherheitsbehörden oder durch Rettungsdienste. Für diesen Anwendungsfall ist es vorgesehen, dass entsprechende zusätzliche Angaben, zum Beispiel zur Gefahrenklasse eines beförderten Gefahrengutes an die zentrale Datenbank übertragen werden. Mit dem Onlinezugriff auf die Daten über das webbasierte Portal könnten die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden gezielter kontrollieren und Rettungskräfte oder sonstige Einsatzkräfte des Katastrophenschutzes sowie von entsprechenden Leitsteilen könnten im Falle eines Unfalls mit Gefahrengut schneller und gezielter reagieren. Voraussetzung wäre es hierbei, dass der Kraftfahrer die insoweit erforderlichen Angaben zur Übertragung an die zentrale Datenbank in den Tachographen eingibt beziehungsweise mittels eines mit dem Tachographen gekoppelten Lesegeräts beispielsweise von einem Frachtschein in diesen einliest. Gegebenenfalls könnte die Möglichkeit das Kraftfahrzeug zu starten oder dieses in Bewegung zu setzen, daran gebunden sein, dass der Kraftfahrer zunächst einer entsprechenden Verpflichtung nachkommt. Entsprechend einer besonders bevorzugten Verfahrensgestaltung ist den dazu berechtigten Personen, nämlich insbesondere den Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden der über das webbasierte Portal vermittelte Zugang zu der von dem mindestens einen entfernt angeordneten Server gehaltenen Datenbank mittels mobiler Endgeräte, wie beispielsweise Tablet-PCs oder Smartphones, ermöglicht. Hierzu sind die betreffenden mobilen Endgeräte mit einer durch sie verarbeitbaren Programmanwendung, vorzugsweise mit einer Miniprogrammanwendung (App) ausgestattet.A very advantageous application of the proposed solution, which results from the storage of driving and driver data at a central point, namely in the central database, consists in the possibility of identification and location of dangerous goods transporters by the security and / or regulatory authorities or security authorities by emergency services. For this application, it is provided that corresponding additional information, for example on the hazard class of a transported dangerous goods, is transmitted to the central database. With the online access to the data via the web-based portal, the security and / or regulatory authorities could control more specifically and rescue workers or other emergency services of the disaster control as well as from the corresponding control units could react faster and more specifically in the event of an accident with dangerous goods. The prerequisite here would be that the driver enters the information required in this respect for transmission to the central database in the tachograph or reads into the tachograph, for example, from a freight bill using a reader coupled to the tachograph. If necessary, the possibility of starting the motor vehicle or setting it in motion could be linked to the fact that the motorist first fulfills a corresponding obligation. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the method, the persons authorized to do so, namely in particular the security and / or regulatory authorities, have access to the database held by the at least one remote server via the web-based portal by means of mobile devices, such as tablet PCs or smartphones, enables. For this purpose, the relevant mobile terminals are equipped with a program application that can be processed by them, preferably with a mini-program application (app).

Das die Aufgabe lösende, zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ausgebildete System zur Aufzeichnung von Fahr- und Fahrerdaten soll nachfolgend anhand der Fig. 1 erläutert werden, welche ein Ausführungsbeispiels des Systems in einer stark schematischen Darstellung zeigt.The system for recording driving and driver data, which is designed to carry out the method and which solves the task, is to be used below on the basis of the Fig. 1 are explained, which shows an embodiment of the system in a highly schematic representation.

Demnach besteht das System aus einem in dem jeweiligen in das Verfahren einbezogenen Kraftfahrzeug 11 - 1n angeordneten Tachographen 31 - 3n und einem von diesem Tachographen vor Fahrtantritt auszulesenden Identifikationsmodul 41 - 4n eines das jeweilige Kraftfahrzeug 11 - 1n führenden Kraftfahrers 21 - 2n. Bei dem Identifikationsmodul 41 - 4n handelt es sich beispielsweise um eine Smartbeziehungsweise Chipkarte, welche von dem Kraftfahrer 21 - 2n zur Identifikation entweder in einen entsprechenden Schacht eines Lesegeräts beziehungsweise einer Leseeinheit des Tachographen 31 - 3n einzustecken ist oder mit einem durch den Tachographen 31 - 3n, beispielsweise über eine Bluetooth-Verbindung, auszulesenden Transponder mit den Profildaten des Kraftfahrers 21 - 2n ausgestattet ist.Accordingly, the system consists of a included in each in the process motor vehicle 1 1 - 1 n arranged tachograph 3 1 - 3 n and to be read out from this tachograph before driving identification module 4 1 - 4 n of the respective motor vehicle 1 1 - 1 n leading Driver 2 1 - 2 n . The identification module 4 1 - 4 n is, for example, a smart card or chip card, which the driver 2 1 - 2 n either inserts into a corresponding slot of a reader or a reading unit of the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n for identification or with a is equipped with the profile data of the driver 2 1 - 2 n to be read out by the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n , for example via a Bluetooth connection.

Neben dem in dem Kraftfahrzeug 11 - 1n angeordneten Tachographen 31 - 3n mit dem lokalen Speicher umfasst das System mindestens einen über ein Netzwerk zugänglichen Server 6, der mit dem Tachographen 31 - 3n nach dem Prinzip der Machine-to-Machine-Kommunikation Daten automatisiert über eine mit dem Tachographen 31 - 3n gekoppelte Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinrichtung 51 - 5n und ein Mobilfunknetz austauscht. Durch diesen mindestens einenIn addition to the in the motor vehicle 1 1 - 1 n arranged tachograph 3 1 - 3 n to the local memory, the system comprises at least one accessible over a network server 6 connected to the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n according to the principle of the machine-to- machine communication data via an automated with the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n-coupled Mobilfunksende- and receiving device 5 1 - 5 n and exchange a cellular network. Through this at least one

Server 6 - insoweit kann es sich hierbei auch um eine Cloud-Lösung mit einer Mehrzahl von Servern 6 handeln - wird die zentrale Datenbank 7 gehalten, in welcher alle in lokalen Speichern der Kraftfahrzeuge 11 - 1n abgespeicherten Daten nach erfolgter Übermittlung durch die Tachographen 31 - 3n nochmals abgespeichert werden. Neben Daten zu Lenk- und Ruhezeiten und gegebenenfalls zur Geschwindigkeit und zu den bei einer Fahrt zurückgelegten Entfernungskilometern umfassen die in der zentralen Datenbank abgelegten Daten auch Positionsdaten, welche im Zuge der Datenübertragung an den mindestens einen Server 6 beziehungsweise an die von diesem gehaltene zentrale Datenbank 7 für eine zur Datenübertragung genutzte Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinrichtung 51 - 5n des jeweiligen Tachographen 31 - 3n im Wege einer Funkzellenortung ermittelt werden. Die entsprechenden Funkzellendaten werden dazu durch den Server 6 jeweils nach dem Empfang von dem Tachographen 31 - 3n übermittelter Fahr- und Fahrerdaten bei technischen Einheiten des Mobilfunkproviders angefordert.Server 6 - to this extent this can also be a cloud solution with a plurality of servers 6 - the central database 7 is kept in which all data stored in local memories of the motor vehicles 1 1 - 1 n after transmission by the tachograph has taken place 3 1 - 3 n can be saved again. In addition to data on driving and rest times and, if necessary, on the speed and the distance kilometers covered during a journey, the data stored in the central database also includes position data which, in the course of the data transmission to the at least one server 6 or to the central database 7 held by it for a mobile radio transmitting and receiving device 5 1 - 5 n of the respective tachograph 3 1 - 3 n used for data transmission by way of a radio cell location. For this purpose, the corresponding radio cell data are requested by the server 6 in each case after receipt of the driving and driver data transmitted by the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n from the technical units of the mobile radio provider.

Zum System gehört weiterhin ein durch den mindestens einen, vorzugsweise als Teil einer Cloud-Lösung im Internet angeordneten Server 6 bereitgestelltes webbasiertes Portal, welches dazu berechtigten Personen, insbesondere der Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden, mittels dazu ausgebildeter und entsprechend ausgestatteter Endgeräte 81 - 8n einen Zugriff auf die in der zentralen Datenbank 7 abgelegten Fahr- und Fahrerdaten gestattet. Ein solcher Zugriff kann diesen Personen unter Nutzung von stationären PC-Arbeitsplätzen und/oder von mobilen Endgeräten, wie Laptops, Tablet-PCs oder Smartphones ermöglicht sein. Auf den betreffenden, mit einer Einheit für einen Netzwerkzugriff, insbesondere für den Zugang zum Internet ausgestatten Endgeräten 81 - 8n ist dazu eine den Zugriff auf die Daten steuernde sowie die Daten an dem betreffenden Endgerät 81 - 8n visualisierende Programmanwendung installiert. Im Falle des Einsatzes mobiler Endgeräte 81 - 8n für den Zugriff auf die zentrale Datenbank 7 handelt es sich bei dieser Programmanwendung vorzugsweise um eine App.The system also includes a web-based portal provided by the at least one server 6, preferably arranged as part of a cloud solution on the Internet, which authorized persons, in particular the security and / or regulatory authorities, by means of terminal devices 8 1 - 8 n allows access to the driving and driver data stored in the central database 7. Such access can be made possible for these persons using stationary PC workstations and / or mobile devices such as laptops, tablet PCs or smartphones. On the relevant, with a unit for network access, especially access to the Internet equipped terminal devices 8 1 - 8 n to an access-controlling the data and the data on the relevant terminal device 8 1 - 8 n visualized program application installed. If mobile terminals 8 1 - 8 n are used to access the central database 7, this program application is preferably an app.

Claims (6)

  1. Method for recording driving data and driver data, in which data documenting working time and driving behaviour of a vehicle driver (21 - 2n), including data acquired repeatedly during the journey by way of a tachograph (31 - 3n) arranged in a motor vehicle, are stored in a local memory of the tachograph (31 - 3n), with respect to which the vehicle driver (21 - 2n) identifies himself by way of an identification module (41 - 4n) before commencing a journey, wherein these data are additionally transmitted periodically over time to a central database (7) held on at least one network-accessible server (6) by the tachograph (31 - 3n), which is equipped for this purpose with a mobile radio transceiver unit (51 - 5n), using a mobile radio network in an automated manner, specifically in a machine-to-machine manner, and are stored in said database, and wherein authorized individuals are able to access the data stored in this central database (7) via a web-based portal by way of computer-based terminals (81 - 8n), characterized
    - in that the data in the central database (7) comprise position data from the mobile radio transceiver unit (51 - 5n) of the tachograph (31 - 3n) that are determined by the at least one server (6) holding the central database (7) on the basis of radio cell data that the server (6) requests from technical units of the associated mobile radio provider periodically over time, specifically immediately after receiving driving data and driver data transmitted by the tachograph (31 - 3n), and
    - in that implausibilities are determined on the basis of a comparison between the data stored in the local memory of the tachograph (31 - 3n) regarding the vehicle driver (21 - 2n) and the motor vehicle (11 - 1n) controlled thereby and the corresponding data stored in the central database (7) by a control and processing device by way of an algorithm processed for this purpose and are documented in the central database (7).
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that information about determined implausibilities is transmitted to the respective tachograph (31 - 3n) of the motor vehicle (11 - 1n) in question by the at least one server (6) holding the central database (7), and said server, after receiving this information and deactivating the ignition of the motor vehicle (11 - 1n) equipped with the tachograph (31 - 3n), at least temporarily prevents restarting of this motor vehicle (11 - 1n) by acting on appropriately designed actuators of the motor vehicle (11 - 1n).
  3. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that information about determined implausibilities is transmitted to the respective tachograph (31 - 3n) of the motor vehicle (11 - 1n) in question by the at least one server (6) holding the central database (7) and said server influences the driving behaviour of the motor vehicle via actuators designed for this purpose.
  4. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, in the case of identified implausibilities, the at least one server (6) holding the central database (7) transmits information to the respective tachograph (31 - 3n) that is output via output means of the tachograph (31 - 3n) or via output means coupled thereto.
  5. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that authorized individuals are able to access data stored in the central database (7) of the at least one server (6) by way of the mobile terminals (81 - 8n) and using a mini-programming application processed by these mobile terminals (81 - 8n) .
  6. System for recording driving data and driver data documenting the working time and the driving behaviour of a vehicle driver (21 - 2n), comprising in each case a tachograph (31 - 3n) arranged in a respective motor vehicle (11 - 1n) for acquiring the driving data and driver data, with respect to which tachograph a respective vehicle driver (21 - 2n) identifies himself by way of an identification module (41 - 4n) before commencing a journey, comprising a central database (7) held on at least one server (6) and comprising computer-based terminals (81 - 8n), wherein
    a) the tachograph (31 - 3n) is equipped with
    - a control and processing device and a program application processed thereby,
    - a local memory for storing data acquired by the tachograph (31 - 3n), including data acquired repeatedly thereby during the journey,
    - a reading device for reading the identification module (41 - 4n) carried by a vehicle driver,
    - a mobile radio transceiver unit (51 - 5n), and
    b) the program application processed by the control and processing device of the tachograph (31 - 3n) is designed to transmit the data acquired by the tachograph (31 - 3n) periodically over time to the central database (7) using a mobile radio network in an automated manner, specifically in a machine-to-machine manner, and
    c) the central database (7) is designed to store the data received from the tachograph (31 - 3n) and
    d) the central database (7) and the data stored therein are accessible to authorized individuals via a web-based portal and
    e) the computer-based terminals (81 - 8n) are designed to access the central database (7) and data held therein via the web portal,
    characterized in that the central database (7) and the at least one server (6) holding same are designed
    - to store position data from the mobile radio transceiver unit (51 - 5n) of the tachograph (31 - 3n) in the database (7), said position data being determined by the server (6) on the basis of radio cell data requested thereby from technical units of the associated mobile radio provider periodically over time, specifically immediately after receiving driving data and driver data transmitted by the tachograph (31 - 3n),
    - to document implausibilities in the database (7), said implausibilities being determined on the basis of a comparison between the data stored in the local memory of the tachograph (31 - 3n) regarding the vehicle driver (21 - 2n) and the motor vehicle (11 - 1n) controlled thereby and the corresponding data stored in the central database (7) by way of an algorithm processed by a control and processing device for this purpose.
EP16174944.5A 2015-06-22 2016-06-17 Method and system for recording driver and drive data Active EP3109835B1 (en)

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DE102015109945.4A DE102015109945A1 (en) 2015-06-22 2015-06-22 Method and system for driving and driver data acquisition

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DE102018101443A1 (en) * 2018-01-23 2019-07-25 Deutsche Telekom Ag Method for controlling a pollutant load
CN111078554B (en) * 2019-12-16 2022-05-27 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 Applet debugging method, device, equipment and storage medium
CN112652090A (en) * 2020-12-22 2021-04-13 石家庄市科恒电子有限公司 Vehicle traveling recording system and device

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EP1586079A1 (en) * 2003-01-22 2005-10-19 Francotyp-Postalia AG & Co. KG Mobile data transmission method and system
DE102004013983A1 (en) * 2004-03-19 2005-10-06 Herter, Eberhard, Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Vehicle location method for determining locations via a mobile radiotelephone network links transmitters used for other purposes so as to determine signal locations in advance
GB2416421B (en) * 2004-07-20 2008-09-10 Francis John Steele The universal satellite key (USK)
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