EP3101678A1 - Disjoncteur - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP3101678A1
EP3101678A1 EP15170118.2A EP15170118A EP3101678A1 EP 3101678 A1 EP3101678 A1 EP 3101678A1 EP 15170118 A EP15170118 A EP 15170118A EP 3101678 A1 EP3101678 A1 EP 3101678A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
circuit breaker
current
coil
coil conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15170118.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3101678B1 (fr
Inventor
Philipp Steinberger
Hubert Lenker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Woehner GmbH and Co KG Elektrotechnische Systeme
Original Assignee
Woehner GmbH and Co KG Elektrotechnische Systeme
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Woehner GmbH and Co KG Elektrotechnische Systeme filed Critical Woehner GmbH and Co KG Elektrotechnische Systeme
Priority to EP15170118.2A priority Critical patent/EP3101678B1/fr
Priority to US15/578,672 priority patent/US10529522B2/en
Priority to PCT/EP2016/062331 priority patent/WO2016193283A1/fr
Priority to CN201680032238.XA priority patent/CN107864683B/zh
Publication of EP3101678A1 publication Critical patent/EP3101678A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3101678B1 publication Critical patent/EP3101678B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H01H77/10—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening
    • H01H77/107—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening characterised by the blow-off force generating means, e.g. current loops
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2066—Fork-shaped bridge; Two transversally connected contact arms bridging two fixed contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/04—Means for indicating condition of the switching device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/58—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by push-button, pull-knob, or slide
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/66—Power reset mechanisms
    • H01H71/70—Power reset mechanisms actuated by electric motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/04—Means for indicating condition of the switching device
    • H01H2071/048—Means for indicating condition of the switching device containing non-mechanical switch position sensor, e.g. HALL sensor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/66—Power reset mechanisms
    • H01H2071/665—Power reset mechanisms the reset mechanism operating directly on the normal manual operator, e.g. electromagnet pushes manual release lever back into "ON" position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/04—Contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/22—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism having electrothermal release and no other automatic release
    • H01H73/30—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism having electrothermal release and no other automatic release reset by push-button, pull-knob or slide
    • H01H73/306—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism having electrothermal release and no other automatic release reset by push-button, pull-knob or slide the push-button supporting pivotally a combined contact-latch lever

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-releasing circuit breaker for short-circuit currents.
  • Short circuits can be caused, for example, by faulty isolation or by a switching error in electrical systems. Such short-circuit currents can be detected by protective devices and the current-carrying conductors are switched off by circuit breakers or by fuse. Short circuits can have different causes. Often short circuits are caused by a broken insulation or by insulation changes. Faulty circuits in electrical switchgear and devices as well as non-compliance with safety regulations can lead to short-circuits. Failure to limit a short-circuit current can cause overheating in the line or electrical components. To prevent the consequences of electrical short circuits, for example, in low-voltage networks circuit breakers and fuses can be used. Depending on the application, the circuit breaker must be switched at a sufficient speed.
  • the invention accordingly provides a circuit breaker according to a first aspect a current input, which conducts an electric current via a wound coil conductor strip of a first coil to a first fixed contact, and having a switchable between two switch positions contact rocker having interconnected contact legs, which in a first switching position of the contact rocker the first fixed contact with a second fixed contact electrically connects, which is connected via a wound coil conductor tape of a second coil to a current outlet for discharging an electrical current flowing through the contact legs of the contact rocker and the Spulenleiterb selected the coils to a current outlet of the circuit breaker, wherein a high electric current, in particular a short-circuit current, which by the wound coil conductor strips of the coils and flows through the contact legs of the contact rocker, a magnetic field causes, which directly generates a switching force, which the contact rocker with a high switching speed indibericht of the first switching position moves to a second switching position, in which the two fixed contacts are electrically isolated and the electric current is interrupted.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention is self-triggering.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention is particularly robust against external influences.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention has the advantage that it can be produced with relatively little effort.
  • the contact rocker is U-shaped and has contact legs, which are connected to one another via a connecting web of the contact rocker.
  • the wound coil conductor strips of the two coils each form an elongated winding cavity, in each of which a contact leg of the U-shaped contact rocker is arranged.
  • the first fixed contact is formed by an end located in the winding cavity end of the wound coil strip of the first coil and the second fixed contact by an end located in the winding cavity end of the wound coil strip of the second coil.
  • the wound coil conductors of the coils are each wound 5 to 10 times around the winding cavity of the respective coil.
  • the wound coil conductors of the coils are each wound around the elongated cavity, each winding having two opposing elongated coil conductor strip sections which are substantially parallel to a contact leg of the contact rocker disposed in the winding cavity.
  • an electrical current which flows through the wound coil conductor band of one of the coils and through the contact legs of the contact coil arranged in the winding cavity of the respective coil causes an attractive force between the contact leg and a first one due to the same current flow direction A coil conductor band portion of the wound coil conductor band of the coil, and due to the opposite current flow direction, a repulsive force between the contact leg and a second coil conductor band portion of the wound coil conductor band of the respective coil.
  • the wound coil conductors of a coil are electrically insulated from one another.
  • the switching period with which the contact rocker is moved when a high current, in particular a short-circuit current, from the first switching position to the second switching position less than 0.1 msec.
  • the connecting web of the contact rocker for providing stable end positions of the contact rocker is mechanically mounted in both switching positions.
  • the cross section of the coil conductor strips is designed for currents of more than 100 amperes.
  • the width of the coil conductors of the coils is more than 1 cm.
  • the invention further provides, according to a further aspect, a switching device having the features specified in claim 13.
  • the invention thus provides a switching device with a self-triggering circuit breaker according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein for suppressing an arc when opening the circuit breaker in parallel to the circuit breaker, a controllable semiconductor switch is connected.
  • controllable semiconductor conductor switch is switched on when a high current, in particular a short-circuit current, occurs.
  • the parallel-connected controllable semiconductor switch is blocked after a predetermined time.
  • this has an integrated control circuit for driving the controllable semiconductor switch.
  • control circuit integrated in the switching device detects the occurrence of a high current, in particular a short-circuit current, sensory.
  • the invention according to another aspect provides a circuit breaker with a circuit breaker according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a view of a possible embodiment of a circuit breaker 1 according to the invention according to a first aspect of the invention.
  • a first fixed contact 2 and a second fixed contact 3 are formed in the illustrated embodiment by ends of coil conductor strips 4, 5.
  • the coil conductor strips 4, 5 are each wound around a winding cavity 6, 7.
  • In the two winding cavities 6, 7 are each a contact leg 8, 9 of a contact rocker 10, wherein the two contact legs 8, 9 of the contact rocker 10 are connected to each other via a connecting web 11, as in Fig. 1 shown.
  • the contact rocker 10 is U-shaped and has two contact legs 8, 9, which are in winding cavities 6, 7 of two coils 12, 13.
  • the first coil 12 is formed by the wound around the winding cavity 6 first coil conductor tape 4.
  • the second coil 13 is formed by the wound around the winding cavity 7.
  • the coil conductor strips 4, 5 have a width B, as in Fig. 1 shown. In one possible embodiment, the width B of the coil conductor strips 4, 5 is in a range of 1 to 2 cm, for example 1.5 to 1.6 cm.
  • the coil conductor strips 4, 5 are wound around the associated winding cavity 6, 7 several times. In one possible embodiment, the wound coil conductor strips 4, 5 of the two coils 12, 13 are each wound 5 to 10 times around the associated winding cavity 6, 7 of the respective coil 12, 13.
  • the first fixed contact 2 which is formed by the end of the coil conductor band 4, is electrically connected via the wound coil conductor band 4 to a current input of the circuit breaker 1.
  • the power access passes During normal operation, ie before the occurrence of a high electric current or short-circuit current, the distal end 14 of the first contact leg 8 of the U-shaped contact rocker 10 is located on the first fixed contact 2. In the same way, in the normal operation, the distal end 15 of the second contact leg 9 of the U-shaped contact rocker 10 abuts against the second fixed contact 3.
  • the two fixed contacts 2, 3 are electrically connected to each other via the two contact legs 8, 9 and the connecting web 11 of the U-shaped contact rocker 10.
  • the connecting web 11 and the two contact legs 8, 9 of the U-shaped contact rocker 10 are made of an electrically conductive material.
  • the electrical current I flowing from the current access via the first coil conductor strip 4 to the first fixed contact 2 flows via the contact legs 8, 9 and the intermediate connecting web 11 to the second fixed contact 3 and from there via the current outlet of the circuit breaker 1.
  • the circuit breaker 1 remains in this normal switching position, as long as the electrical current flowing through I does not exceed a certain current threshold.
  • a high electric current I in particular a short-circuit current, which flows through the wound Spulenleiterbyere 4, 5 of the two coils 12, 13 and through the two contact legs 8, 9 of the contact rocker 10, causes a magnetic field B, which directly generates a switching force F, which the contact rocker 10 with a high switching speed of the first switching position, in which the two fixed contacts 2, 3 are connected to each other via the contact rocker 10 moves to a second switching position, in which the two fixed contacts 2, 3 electrically separated and the electric current I. is interrupted.
  • the switching duration with which the contact rocker 10 when a high current in particular a Short circuit current is moved from the first switching position to the second switching position, less than 0.1 msec.
  • the wound coil conductors 4, 5 of the two coils 12, 13 are respectively wound around the elongated winding cavity 6, 7, each winding having two opposing elongated coil conductor sections, namely an upper coil conductor section and a lower coil conductor section substantially parallel to the arranged in the winding cavity contact legs 8, 9 of the U-shaped contact rocker 10 extend.
  • the contact leg 8 is thus attracted on the one hand by the parallel current I flowing through the upper coil conductor band portion of the first coil 12 and repelled simultaneously from the lower coil conductor band portion of the first coil 12.
  • the opening of the second contact leg 9 takes place in the same way due to the currents flowing parallel or antiparallel through the coil conductor strip sections of the second coil 13, ie, the upper coil conductor strip section of the second coil conductor strip 5 of the second coil 13 exerts an attractive force F 1 on the contact leg 9, while the lower coil conductor band portion of the second coil conductor band 5 of the second coil 13 generates a repulsive force F 2 on the contact leg 9 due to the generated magnetic field.
  • the connecting web 11 of the U-shaped contact rocker 10 is preferably mechanically mounted for providing stable end positions of the contact rocker 10 in both switching positions, as in Fig. 1 shown.
  • a holder 16 is provided which provides stable end positions of the U-shaped contact rocker 10 in both switching positions by means of springs. In normal operation, the amplitude of the current interruptor 1 flowing through the electric current I is so low that the U-shaped contact rocker 10 is in the lower stable end position and the two fixed contacts 2, 3 electrically connected together.
  • the U-shaped contact rocker 10 When a high electrical Current or short-circuit current, the U-shaped contact rocker 10 is spent by the induced magnetic forces at high switching speed in the other stable end position in which the two fixed contacts 2, 3 are electrically isolated from each other.
  • the number of windings of the two Spulenleiterb section 4, 5 of the two coils 12, 13 may be designed differently depending on the application for different currents. The more windings the two coils 12, 13 have, the higher are the attraction or repulsion forces caused by the current I flowing through which act on the contact legs 8, 9 of the contact rocker 10, so that the circuit breaker 1 already triggers at lower current intensities.
  • a short-circuit current occurs, a free trip of the circuit breaker 1 is effected.
  • the circuit breaker 1 is preferably constructed symmetrically and has two coils 12, 13, each enclosing a contact legs 8, 9 of the U-shaped contact rocker 10.
  • the contact rocker may also have a larger number of contact legs, each enclosed by an associated coil.
  • Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a possible embodiment of a switching device 17 according to the invention, which contains a self-triggering circuit breaker 1.
  • the circuit breaker 1 is a self-triggering mechanical switch that switches at a high switching speed.
  • a controllable semiconductor switch 18 is provided parallel to the circuit breaker 1 for suppressing an arc when the circuit breaker 1 is opened.
  • the controllable semiconductor switch 18 is, for example, a thyristor or the like.
  • the current access 19 of the circuit breaker 1 and the current outlet 20 of the circuit breaker 1 is in each case with associated terminals 21, 22 of the switching device 17, as in Fig. 2 shown.
  • Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a possible embodiment of a switching device 17 according to the invention, which contains a self-triggering circuit breaker 1.
  • the circuit breaker 1 is a self-triggering mechanical switch that switches at a high switching speed.
  • a controllable semiconductor switch 18 is provided parallel to the circuit breaker 1 for suppressing an arc when the
  • the controllable semiconductor switch 18 is switched on occurrence of a high current I, in particular a short-circuit current.
  • the parallel-connected semiconductor switch 18 is disabled after a predetermined time.
  • the switching device 17 includes an integrated control circuit 23, which senses the occurrence of a high current, in particular a short-circuit current.
  • Fig. 2 illustrated switching device 17 with the circuit breaker 1 contained therein and the semiconductor switch 18 connected in parallel thereto is determined by the voltage curve according to Fig. 3 explained in more detail.
  • an electric current I flows via the closed circuit breaker 1 from a current input 21 directly to a current output 22 of the switching device 17.
  • the switching device 17 is constructed symmetrically, ie current input 21 and current output 22 are interchangeable.
  • the current flows through the mechanical circuit breaker 1, where only a low voltage U1 drops there, as in Fig. 3 shown.
  • the voltage U1 can be for example 0.1 volts.
  • the voltage 11 drops to a lower voltage value U3, for example, a voltage of 2 volts from.
  • Switching through the semiconductor switch 18 suppresses the occurrence of an arc in the mechanical circuit breaker 1 and thus leads to a significant protection of the circuit breaker 1 and to a lower wear.
  • the controllable semiconductor switch 18 is switched off or switched off by the integrated control circuit 23 and the voltage rises to a high voltage value U4.
  • both the semiconductor switch 18 and the circuit breaker 1 are opened and disconnected, so that no more current I flows between the power terminals 21, 22 of the switching device 17.
  • the switching edge at time t1 is due to the special structure of in Fig.
  • the self-triggering circuit breaker 1 responds when the ratio of the instantaneously flowing current I, in particular short-circuit current I K , to a normal current I NORM exceeds a certain ratio. In one possible embodiment, the self-triggering circuit breaker 1 responds when the ratio between the short-circuit current I K and a normal current I NORM ⁇ 20. This ratio can be designed differently depending on the particular geometry of the coils 12, 13 and the number of coil windings and the design of the switching or contact pad 10 for different applications.
  • the circuit breaker 1 according to the invention and the in Fig. 2 shown switching device 17 can be used for a variety of applications, such as electric vehicles, Batteries and photovoltaic systems.
  • the cross section of the coil conductors 4, 5 of the two coils 12, 13 is designed for currents of more than 100 amperes.
  • the wound coil conductors 4, 5 of the two coils 12, 13 are electrically insulated from each other.
  • the currents I flowing through the coils 12, 13 generate magnetic forces F, which act directly on the movable contact legs 8, 9 of the contact rocker, so that the switching speed is very high or the switching duration is very low.
  • the inventive switching device 17 includes a hybrid switching arrangement consisting of the mechanical circuit breaker 1 and the semiconductor switch 18.
  • this hybrid circuit switches particularly quickly and, on the other hand, is also particularly robust against environmental influences.
  • the hybrid switching arrangement provided in the switching device 17 has a particularly long service life and allows a large number of switching cycles or switching operations.
  • the circuit breaker 1 according to the invention can be produced in a relatively simple manner with little effort.
  • the circuit breaker 1 can also be designed for high currents of more than 100 amperes, for example 400 or even 800 amps.
  • the self-triggering circuit breaker 1 is characterized by a very high switching speed, wherein the semiconductor switch 18 prevents the occurrence of arcing. In normal continuous operation, the circuit breaker 1 is closed.
  • the control circuit 23 is integrated in the switching device 17.
  • the semiconductor switch 18 may also be controlled by an external control circuit of a device or a system.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
EP15170118.2A 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 Disjoncteur Active EP3101678B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15170118.2A EP3101678B1 (fr) 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 Disjoncteur
US15/578,672 US10529522B2 (en) 2015-06-01 2016-06-01 Circuit breaker
PCT/EP2016/062331 WO2016193283A1 (fr) 2015-06-01 2016-06-01 Interrupteur de courant
CN201680032238.XA CN107864683B (zh) 2015-06-01 2016-06-01 电流断续器

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15170118.2A EP3101678B1 (fr) 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 Disjoncteur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3101678A1 true EP3101678A1 (fr) 2016-12-07
EP3101678B1 EP3101678B1 (fr) 2017-09-13

Family

ID=53365821

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15170118.2A Active EP3101678B1 (fr) 2015-06-01 2015-06-01 Disjoncteur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US10529522B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3101678B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107864683B (fr)
WO (1) WO2016193283A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11562865B2 (en) 2020-07-24 2023-01-24 Future Systems Besitz Gmbh Method and apparatus for protecting a load against an overcurrent

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020208401A1 (de) 2020-07-03 2022-01-05 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zur Absicherung insbesondere sicherheitsrelevanter Verbraucher in einem Kraftfahrzeug
CN112614758A (zh) * 2020-12-07 2021-04-06 国网福建省电力有限公司检修分公司 一种断路器快速操动机构

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8620645U1 (fr) * 1986-07-31 1988-01-28 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen, De
DE19629867A1 (de) * 1996-07-24 1998-02-05 Kloeckner Moeller Gmbh Strombegrenzender Leistungsschalter
DE10058419C1 (de) * 2000-11-24 2002-06-06 Moeller Gmbh Leistungsschutzschalter
EP1850361A1 (fr) * 2006-04-28 2007-10-31 Legrand France Actionneur sensible à une surintensité électrique et à déclenchement rapitde, et application
EP2479772A1 (fr) * 2011-01-19 2012-07-25 Abb Ag Commutateur d'installation
DE202011106970U1 (de) * 2011-10-19 2011-12-08 Wöhner GmbH & Co. KG Elektrotechnische Systeme Stromunterbrecher

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11562865B2 (en) 2020-07-24 2023-01-24 Future Systems Besitz Gmbh Method and apparatus for protecting a load against an overcurrent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US10529522B2 (en) 2020-01-07
EP3101678B1 (fr) 2017-09-13
US20180166245A1 (en) 2018-06-14
CN107864683A (zh) 2018-03-30
CN107864683B (zh) 2019-07-19
WO2016193283A1 (fr) 2016-12-08

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