EP3101213B1 - Thermal break aluminium window or door, a thermally insulating profile therefor and a machine for coupling profiles - Google Patents
Thermal break aluminium window or door, a thermally insulating profile therefor and a machine for coupling profiles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3101213B1 EP3101213B1 EP16172131.1A EP16172131A EP3101213B1 EP 3101213 B1 EP3101213 B1 EP 3101213B1 EP 16172131 A EP16172131 A EP 16172131A EP 3101213 B1 EP3101213 B1 EP 3101213B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- profile
- window
- profiles
- door according
- door
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B3/26301—Frames with special provision for insulation with prefabricated insulating strips between two metal section members
- E06B3/26303—Frames with special provision for insulation with prefabricated insulating strips between two metal section members with thin strips, e.g. defining a hollow space between the metal section members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B3/273—Frames with special provision for insulation with prefabricated insulating elements held in position by deformation of portions of the metal frame members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B3/2632—Frames with special provision for insulation with arrangements reducing the heat transmission, other than an interruption in a metal section
- E06B2003/26325—Frames with special provision for insulation with arrangements reducing the heat transmission, other than an interruption in a metal section the convection or radiation in a hollow space being reduced, e.g. by subdividing the hollow space
- E06B2003/26329—Frames with special provision for insulation with arrangements reducing the heat transmission, other than an interruption in a metal section the convection or radiation in a hollow space being reduced, e.g. by subdividing the hollow space the insulating strips between the metal sections being interconnected
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B2003/26349—Details of insulating strips
- E06B2003/2635—Specific form characteristics
- E06B2003/26352—Specific form characteristics hollow
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B2003/26349—Details of insulating strips
- E06B2003/2635—Specific form characteristics
- E06B2003/26358—Specific form characteristics stepped or undulated
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B2003/26349—Details of insulating strips
- E06B2003/26387—Performing extra functions
- E06B2003/26389—Holding sealing strips or forming sealing abutments
Definitions
- thermal break aluminium windows and doors are presently made by joining the profile communicating with the exterior with the one communicating with the interior of the room via a third coupling profile made of polyamide or another thermally insulating material.
- DE 195 30 349 C1 discloses such a thermal break aluminium window with all the features according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the coupling between the three aforesaid profiles can be made either before or after the coating treatment (with a powder coating) they are subjected to.
- the powder coating is normally polymerized at high temperatures, for example temperatures of 160°C, which also reach peaks of up to 200°C.
- the interior and exterior profiles are individually coated and then coupled with the third thermally insulating profile.
- the interior and exterior profiles are coated when already coupled to the third thermally insulating profile.
- the glue used in coupling the profiles melts and when it subsequently cools, it maintains the profiles in the incorrect position assumed during the coating treatment.
- the task of the present invention is to provide a thermal break aluminium window or door that is free of the above-mentioned drawbacks attributable to the prior art.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a thermal break aluminium window or door that allows to optimize the fluid dynamic seal between the profiles of the window or door.
- Yet a further object of the invention is to provide a thermal break aluminium window or door that allows the overall dimensions to be reduced, while ensuring an illuminated surface that is larger in size, and at the same time allows the hardware to be housed inside it.
- the vertical dimension of the window or door can be reduced to a value comprised between 68mm and 72mm and preferably equal to 70mm.
- a machine can be provided for coupling profiles to produce a thermal break aluminium window or door comprising a frame and a casement, said frame having a first exterior profile and a second interior profile connected to each other by means of a third profile made of thermally insulating material, such machine having first motorized coupling rollers for connecting said first and said second profiles with said third profile, there being provided second idle coupling rollers having different peripheral rotation speeds from said first rollers due to the asymmetry of said third profile.
- thermal break aluminium window or door according to the invention is indicated in its entirety with the no. 1.
- the thermal break aluminium window or door comprises a frame 2 and a casement 3 defined by a first interior profile 4 and a second exterior profile 5 connected to each other by means of a third profile 6 made of thermally insulating material.
- the third profile 6 has, in cross section, a first side 7a having two contiguous teeth 8 engaged in respective contiguous seats present on the first profile and a second side 7b having a single tooth 9 engaged in a respective single seat of the second profile 5.
- the single tooth 9 is positioned in such a way as to leave an ample free portion 10 of the second side 7b to facilitate and optimize the engagement thereof with a weather stripping 11 of the casement with the frame.
- the third profile 6 comprises a compensation means to compensate for the different thermal expansion of said first and second profiles relative to the thermal expansion of said third profile.
- Said compensation means comprises a gap in the material fashioned on the first side 7a, in a central area between the two teeth 8, so as to impart a controlled elasticity to the third profile 6 capable of absorbing the acting forces and moments that can be generated thereupon, as previously explained, during the coating treatment.
- the controlled elasticity is imparted to the third profile by the fact that the first and second sides are joined to each other by two sides 12 parallel to each other, with which a stiffening element 13 placed inside the third profile is associated in such a way as divide the inside thereof into two separate chambers 14.
- the seat housing the same is defined by a double hammer-like element 15, whereas the two contiguous seats of the two contiguous teeth 8 are each defined by a hammer-like element 15 and an anvil-like element 16.
- the single tooth 9 is of a larger size than each of the two contiguous teeth 8.
- One of the two parallel sides 12, moreover, is coplanar with the surfaces of the first and second profiles 2, 3 defining the seat 17 for housing a glass pane 18.
- the other side 12 of the profile 6, i.e. the one opposite the seat 17, is also coplanar and contiguous with a surface 25 of the profile 3.
- This feature allows to improve the coating of the window or door, since there are no recesses or undercuts, at least in the exposed areas, which would be difficult to reach by the powder coating.
- the coplanarity of the surfaces of the three profiles makes it possible to house, in the seat 17, an insert 19 for distributing the load of the glass pane 18 simultaneously on the first and second profiles.
- the insert 19 comprises an undercut 20 for engaging with the first profile 4 and tabs 21 for engaging with the second profile 5.
- the aforesaid embodiment also allows to house all of the hardware inside the window or door.
- thermal break aluminium window or door according to the invention is particularly advantageous for allowing assembly and coating times to be considerably reduced while at the same time having absolute structural and dimensional precision.
- thermal break aluminium window or door thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications and variants falling within the scope of the attached claims.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
- Special Wing (AREA)
Description
- As is well known, thermal break aluminium windows and doors are presently made by joining the profile communicating with the exterior with the one communicating with the interior of the room via a third coupling profile made of polyamide or another thermally insulating material.
- For example,
DE 195 30 349 C1 discloses such a thermal break aluminium window with all the features according to the preamble ofclaim 1. - The coupling between the three aforesaid profiles can be made either before or after the coating treatment (with a powder coating) they are subjected to.
- The powder coating is normally polymerized at high temperatures, for example temperatures of 160°C, which also reach peaks of up to 200°C.
- If the coating treatment is performed prior to the coupling of the three profiles, the interior and exterior profiles are individually coated and then coupled with the third thermally insulating profile.
- In this case there is an increase in costs due to transport of the profiles from the place of manufacture to that of the coating treatment and, finally, to the one where the coupling takes place.
- If the coating treatment is performed after the coupling of the three profiles, the interior and exterior profiles are coated when already coupled to the third thermally insulating profile.
- In this case there is a decrease in costs, since the handling of the profiles is reduced, but on the other hand the high temperature reached during the coating treatment gives rise to deformation and twisting forces between the first and second profile with the third profile.
- In particular, in the case of horizontal coating the profiles coupled to one another are often subjected to bending, whereas in the case of vertical coating they are subjected to twisting due to the fact that only one profile is engaged, whereas the others coupled to it are not.
- Moreover, during polymerization, the glue used in coupling the profiles melts and when it subsequently cools, it maintains the profiles in the incorrect position assumed during the coating treatment.
- In addition to the foregoing, it should be borne in mind that the high temperatures favour the elimination of moisture from the third profile, which can therefore undergo dimensional changes.
- The task of the present invention is to provide a thermal break aluminium window or door that is free of the above-mentioned drawbacks attributable to the prior art.
- Within the scope of this task, it is an object of the invention to provide a thermal break aluminium window or door that allows a decrease in costs to be obtained,
- since the handling of the profiles is reduced, and simultaneously avoids giving rise to deformation and twisting forces between the first and second profile with the third profile.
- It is another object of the invention to provide a thermal break aluminium window or door which allows the weight of the glass pane of the window or door, irrespective of what type it is, to be distributed over both the interior and exterior profiles.
- A further object of the invention is to provide a thermal break aluminium window or door that allows to optimize the fluid dynamic seal between the profiles of the window or door.
- Yet a further object of the invention is to provide a thermal break aluminium window or door that allows the overall dimensions to be reduced, while ensuring an illuminated surface that is larger in size, and at the same time allows the hardware to be housed inside it.
- This task, as well as these and other objects, are achieved by a thermal break aluminium window or door according to
claim 1. - Advantageously, thanks to this construction for the third profile the vertical dimension of the window or door can be reduced to a value comprised between 68mm and 72mm and preferably equal to 70mm.
- A machine can be provided for coupling profiles to produce a thermal break aluminium window or door comprising a frame and a casement, said frame having a first exterior profile and a second interior profile connected to each other by means of a third profile made of thermally insulating material, such machine having first motorized coupling rollers for connecting said first and said second profiles with said third profile, there being provided second idle coupling rollers having different peripheral rotation speeds from said first rollers due to the asymmetry of said third profile.
- Additional features of the present invention are further defined by the claims dependent on
claim 1. - Additional features and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the description of a preferred but non-exclusive embodiment of a thermal break aluminium window or door according to the invention, illustrated by way of indicative and non-limiting example in the appended drawings, in which:
-
Fig.1 is a schematic perspective view of a first application of the thermal break aluminium window or door according to the invention; -
Fig.2 is a sectional view of a second application of the thermal break aluminium window or door according to the invention. - Equivalent parts will be indicated in the description with the same numerical reference.
- With particular reference to the above-described figures, the thermal break aluminium window or door according to the invention is indicated in its entirety with the no. 1.
- The thermal break aluminium window or door comprises a
frame 2 and acasement 3 defined by a first interior profile 4 and a secondexterior profile 5 connected to each other by means of athird profile 6 made of thermally insulating material. - The
third profile 6 has, in cross section, afirst side 7a having twocontiguous teeth 8 engaged in respective contiguous seats present on the first profile and asecond side 7b having asingle tooth 9 engaged in a respective single seat of thesecond profile 5. - The
single tooth 9 is positioned in such a way as to leave an amplefree portion 10 of thesecond side 7b to facilitate and optimize the engagement thereof with a weather stripping 11 of the casement with the frame. - The
third profile 6, as will be described in greater detail, comprises a compensation means to compensate for the different thermal expansion of said first and second profiles relative to the thermal expansion of said third profile. - Said compensation means comprises a gap in the material fashioned on the
first side 7a, in a central area between the twoteeth 8, so as to impart a controlled elasticity to thethird profile 6 capable of absorbing the acting forces and moments that can be generated thereupon, as previously explained, during the coating treatment. - The controlled elasticity is imparted to the third profile by the fact that the first and second sides are joined to each other by two
sides 12 parallel to each other, with which astiffening element 13 placed inside the third profile is associated in such a way as divide the inside thereof into twoseparate chambers 14. - In order ensure an increased clamping force for the
single tooth 9 with thesecond profile 5, the seat housing the same is defined by a double hammer-like element 15, whereas the two contiguous seats of the twocontiguous teeth 8 are each defined by a hammer-like element 15 and an anvil-like element 16. - Furthermore, again for the same reason, the
single tooth 9 is of a larger size than each of the twocontiguous teeth 8. - One of the two
parallel sides 12, moreover, is coplanar with the surfaces of the first andsecond profiles seat 17 for housing aglass pane 18. - The
other side 12 of theprofile 6, i.e. the one opposite theseat 17, is also coplanar and contiguous with asurface 25 of theprofile 3. - This feature allows to improve the coating of the window or door, since there are no recesses or undercuts, at least in the exposed areas, which would be difficult to reach by the powder coating.
- Furthermore, the coplanarity of the surfaces of the three profiles makes it possible to house, in the
seat 17, aninsert 19 for distributing the load of theglass pane 18 simultaneously on the first and second profiles. - The
insert 19 comprises an undercut 20 for engaging with the first profile 4 andtabs 21 for engaging with thesecond profile 5. - The aforesaid embodiment also allows to house all of the hardware inside the window or door.
- The particularity of the structure of the window or door highlighted above implies that the connection between the various profiles takes place on a specially equipped machine in which there are provided first motorized coupling rollers for connecting the first and second profiles with the third profile and second idle coupling rollers having different peripheral rotation speeds precisely because of the particular asymmetry which characterizes the
third profile 6. - It has been noted in practice that the thermal break aluminium window or door according to the invention is particularly advantageous for allowing assembly and coating times to be considerably reduced while at the same time having absolute structural and dimensional precision.
- The thermal break aluminium window or door thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications and variants falling within the scope of the attached claims.
Claims (8)
- A thermal break aluminium window or door comprising a frame (2), a casement (3) and a weather stripping, said casement having a first interior profile (4) and a second exterior profile (5) connected to each other by means of a third profile (6) made of thermally insulating material, said third profile (6) having, in cross section, a first side (7a) having two contiguous teeth (8) engaged in respective contiguous seats present on said first profile (3) and a second side (7b) having a single tooth (9) engaged in a respective single seat of said second profile (5), said single tooth (9) being positioned in such a way as to leave an ample free portion of said second side (7b) for the engagement thereof with weather stripping (11) for said casement, there being further provided a compensation means on said third profile (6) to compensate for the different thermal expansion of said first (4) and second (5) profiles relative to the thermal expansion of said third profile (6), said compensation means comprising a gap in the material along the entire extent of said third profile (6), serving to absorb the forces and moments acting upon said third profile (6), said gap in the material being formed on said first side (7a) in a central area between said two teeth (8), said first and second sides (7a, 7b) being joined to each other by two sides (12) parallel to each other, said third profile (6) having within it a stiffening element (13) associated with said two parallel sides (12), said stiffening element (13) being designed to divide said third profile (6) into a first chamber (14) delimited by said first side (7a) having said two contiguous teeth (8) and by a portion of said parallel sides (12), and a second chamber (14) separate from the first chamber (14) and delimited by said second side (7b) having said single tooth (9) and by the remaining portion of said parallel sides (12), characterised in that said first and second chamber (14) have a same dimension in a direction perpendicular to said parallel sides (12), said weather stripping (11) engaging said second side (7b) delimiting said second chamber (14).
- The window or door according to claim 1, characterized in that said single seat is defined by a double hammer-like element.
- The window or door according to claim 1, characterized in that said two contiguous seats are each defined by a hammer-like element and an anvil-like element.
- The window or door according to claim 1, characterized in that said single tooth (9) is of a larger size than each of said two contiguous teeth (8).
- The window or door according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of said two parallel sides (12) is coplanar with the surfaces of said first and second profiles (4, 5) defining the seat (17) for housing a glass pane (18).
- The window or door according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an insert (19) for distributing the load of said glass pane (18) on said first and second profiles (4, 5).
- The window or door according to claim 6 , characterized in that said distributing insert (19) comprises an undercut (20) for engaging with said first profile (4) and tabs (21) for engaging with said second profile (5).
- The window or door according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises all of the internal hardware of said first and second profiles (4, 5).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RS20181553A RS58153B1 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2016-05-31 | Thermal break aluminium window or door, a thermally insulating profile therefor and a machine for coupling profiles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITUB20151317 | 2015-06-05 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3101213A1 EP3101213A1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
EP3101213B1 true EP3101213B1 (en) | 2018-09-19 |
Family
ID=54150579
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16172131.1A Active EP3101213B1 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2016-05-31 | Thermal break aluminium window or door, a thermally insulating profile therefor and a machine for coupling profiles |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3101213B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2702481T3 (en) |
MA (1) | MA39618A (en) |
RS (1) | RS58153B1 (en) |
TR (1) | TR201819724T4 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GR1010631B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2024-02-12 | Πλαστικα Νοτιοανατολικης Ευρωπης-Μονοπροσωπη Εταιρεια Περιορισμενης Ευθυνης, | Connector for a frame or partition sheet |
GR1010630B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2024-02-12 | Πλαστικα Νοτιοανατολικης Ευρωπης-Μονοπροσωπη Εταιρεια Περιορισμενης Ευθυνης, | Composite profile for frame or partition |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19530349C1 (en) * | 1995-08-18 | 1996-10-24 | Ekonal Bausysteme Gmbh & Co Kg | Intermediate seal for part between door or window blind frame and window casement or door leaf |
DE102013100249A1 (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | SCHÜCO International KG | Window, door or facade component for building, has profiles receiving surface element and comprising glass folding part in which glass folding elements are arranged, where glass folding elements are transparent light from light source |
-
2016
- 2016-05-31 TR TR2018/19724T patent/TR201819724T4/en unknown
- 2016-05-31 ES ES16172131T patent/ES2702481T3/en active Active
- 2016-05-31 RS RS20181553A patent/RS58153B1/en unknown
- 2016-05-31 EP EP16172131.1A patent/EP3101213B1/en active Active
- 2016-05-31 MA MA039618A patent/MA39618A/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MA39618A (en) | 2016-12-07 |
TR201819724T4 (en) | 2019-01-21 |
ES2702481T3 (en) | 2019-03-01 |
EP3101213A1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
RS58153B1 (en) | 2019-02-28 |
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