EP3101176A2 - Method for generating a road structure and road construction device - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for producing a road construction (1, 50) comprises the method steps: a. Removing soil or one or more layers of an existing road construction; b. Profiling the soil or a layer (2, 41) with an excavator, a caterpillar, a grader or a milling cutter, such that at least one vault-like elevation (8a, 8b; 43a-43d) results; c. Applying a bonded layer (15; 45) having a flat top surface to the profiled layer (2, 41). In addition, there is also a road construction device.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a road construction.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a road construction device.

In road construction so-called supporting and covering layers are arranged in the bound superstructure. The base layers are the deeper layers over which the so-called cover layers of asphalt or concrete are arranged. These layers are in uniform thicknesses, i. H. with constant thickness, built over the entire surface of a road.

Due to the laytime of the materials and the ever increasing traffic loads, a condition has occurred in a considerable part of roads and paths, which at the same time in the course of the preservation of the surface requires the need to increase the carrying capacity.

Traffic-congested areas can only be reinforced upwards, in so-called high-level installation, without major intervention. However, this is often not possible due to existing constraints on connection heights. In particular, in partial repairs of individual damage, the superstructure of the total area is often undesirable or uneconomical. At the same time, the overbuilt, damaged areas are often a residual constructional risk for consequential damage.

In repair work of overload damage down, in the so-called deep installation, the entire scope of work is significantly larger because to achieve a thicker overall structure of bonded layers a large part of the existing superstructure previously eliminated and replaced in its place new material must be installed. In addition, due to the thicker layers of new bonded material, previously unreleased build-up material remains as excess.

In the repair and renewal of asphalt surfaces, the finishing materials are transported to Altasphalt to an asphalt mixing plant, processed there and together with new asphalt back to the Construction site transported. This leads to high transportation and treatment costs within the construction process.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a road structure which has a high bearing capacity.

1. a. Entfernen von Boden oder einer oder mehrerer Schichten eines bestehenden Straßenaufbaus;
2. b. Profilieren des Bodens oder einer Schicht mit einem Bagger, einer Raupe, einem Grader oder einer Fräse derart, dass zumindest eine gewölbeartige Erhebung entsteht;
3. c. Aufbringen einer gebundenen Schicht mit einer ebenen Oberseite auf den profilierten Boden oder die profilierte Schicht.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a method for producing a road construction with the method steps:

1. a. Removing soil or one or more layers of an existing road construction;
2. b. Profiling the soil or a layer with an excavator, a caterpillar, a grader or a milling machine such that at least a vault-like elevation arises;
3. c. Applying a bonded layer having a planar top surface to the profiled bottom or profiled layer.

With such a method, an existing, especially damaged road construction can be repaired particularly easily. Prior to removing the one or more layers of the existing road construction, the existing road structure along the area to be removed may be cut. By varying the height of the layer, which results from the vault-like structure, there is an increased carrying capacity.

Particular advantages arise when an unbound layer is profiled. In an unbonded layer a vault-like elevation can be realized more easily. The individual installation width the construction site can be done by balancing in the vault width and, if necessary, a trench width with otherwise consistently uniform profile shape of the vault.

The profiled layer can be compacted, in particular with a roller or a vibrating plate. As a result, a stable substrate for a possibly subsequent cover layer can be created.

Particular advantages arise when in step a. recycled material is processed and bound hydraulically or bituminously and in step c. is applied to the profiled layer. Thus, the removed material can be quasi recycled. Hydraulically z. B. me coal or cement are bound. Bituminous can z. B. be bound with a bitumen emulsion or with hot asphalt.

1. a. Durchmischung von anstehendem Boden oder einer ungebundenen Tragschicht mit einem Bindemittel und Wasser und dabei Ausbilden von Gewölben mittels Fräsen mit gewölbt modifizierten Fräswalzen;
2. b. Verdichten der durchmischten Schicht;
3. c. Herstellen einer ebenen Oberseite.

The scope of the invention also includes a method for producing a road structure with the method steps:

1. a. Mixing of pending soil or an unbound base layer with a binder and water and thereby forming vaults by means of milling with curved modified milling rollers;
2. b. Compacting the mixed layer;
3. c. Create a flat top.

This allows a mix of materials to happen on the spot. There is no material to be delivered. This procedure is particularly suitable when a new road construction is to be created.

The binder may be applied to the pending soil or support layer prior to mixing. Alternatively, the binder can be injected during milling.

The stability of the road construction can be increased if in the area of the low points of the arch-like elevation / s trenches are introduced, in particular with an excavator or a tiller, and in the trenches support foundations are formed.

In order to improve the drainage of water, drainage pipes can be integrated into the supporting foundations. As a cover layer asphalt or concrete can be applied.

The vault-like elevations or vaults can be created with a width in the range of 50 cm - 200 cm and a radius in the range of 50 cm - 200 cm. The production of the road construction in a first variant with coordinated, changing equipment for excavation (excavator, milling machine), shaping (excavator, grader, caterpillar) and compaction (roller, vibrating plate) should be made. For vault formation preferably curved work tools are used with a uniform, matched profile shape, in particular with a uniform radius.

In a variant (" mixed in place "), a profile produced by a milling cutter can be independent in its design of subsequent tools. It may therefore also be parabolic or elliptical or even with a shape that mills vaults and trenches at the same time be executed.

By means of the method according to the invention, a road construction with at least one layer which has a planar upper side, wherein the underside of the layer is at least partially uneven, can be produced such that the height of the layer varies at least in an extension direction of the layer which is orthogonal to the height direction. This means that the height of the layer in a direction orthogonal to the height direction of extension of the layer is not constant. The variation of the height of the layer is preferably in the direction of the width of a road or a lane when the road structure is one intended for a road or a lane. Even surfaces such as squares or airfields can be constructed according to the road structure according to the invention. The road construction with the inventively designed layer has a higher load capacity.

Particular advantages arise when the underside of the layer has at least one vault. Overall, such a layer has a smaller amount of material, but represents a more powerful support system than layers of the prior art, since with temperature bulges due to the smaller thickness in the vault mean less residual stress caused by the weight of the layer. It can be arranged side by side several vaults to increase the load capacity.

An even greater bearing capacity can be achieved if supporting foundations are provided in lateral areas of the vault (s). The support foundations can be designed as strip foundations. They can be made of the same material as the layer with height variation.

Particular advantages arise when the layer is formed as a bound support layer. The inventive design of such a layer of bonded material, a material saving of bonded material of up to 40% compared to the conventional design can be achieved. The material can be processed on-site in mobile plants into hydraulically bound base courses or concrete and does not have to be transported over the roads.

It is also possible to bind the recycled build-up material by means of bitumen emulsion and reinstall or bring it back as so-called liquid soil.

It should be mentioned here that a bound layer is understood as meaning a layer consisting of natural or artificial minerals, such as grit, gravel or sand. The binder used is cement or bitumen. In bonded layers, all locally produced materials, such. As concrete, asphalt, gravel, sand, gravel, grit be processed. This can result in a large recycling factor. In particular, it is possible to rehabilitate existing roads and paths by incorporating a bonded layer according to the invention. With the invention to achieve the same structural effect as in fully bound superstructure. The invention can therefore also be used if the thickness of the previous overall superstructure is not frost-free. Thus, a partial renewal is possible instead of a complete renewal. With the refinement of a road construction according to the invention, road areas congested by traffic can be improved for higher loads without full construction.

In the areas of the supporting foundations, additional drainage pipes can be integrated to improve road construction for unfavorable water conditions.

Since the layer of the road construction has a flat upper side, it is easily possible to arrange a covering layer of asphalt or concrete on the layer. According to one embodiment, provision can be made for a layer, in particular unbound, to be provided underneath the layer, the upper side of which has a contour corresponding to the underside of the layer. In particular, the contour of the lower side of the overlying layer can be defined by the design of the upper side of the unbonded layer. This makes it particularly easy to form a layer with a flat surface, but contoured bottom.

Instead of installing the layer of already mixed material on the corresponding pre-profiled base, it is also possible to produce these directly " mixed in place ". In this case, a hydraulic or bituminous binder is applied or pre-sprayed on the ground or the unbound base layer directly on site and mixed and incorporated with milling with the addition of water and possibly other additives.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that the layer is designed as a concrete topcoat or asphalt topcoat. This means that a cover layer is used whose height varies.

In the context of the invention also falls a road construction device, which has a particular upwardly curved work surface or working cutting. For example, such a tool can be a rotating roller with a radius in the cylinder jacket for producing a vault. In particular, a domed Milling roller may be provided. It is also conceivable to design a bucket with curved cutting edge. Also thrust shields can be formed with a curved cutting edge. Also bearing plates of vibrating compressors can be curved. Also, rollers may be formed with a curved bandage.

Preferably, the road construction device is arranged on a motor-driven road construction machine, such as an excavator, a caterpillar, a grader, a milling cutter, a vibrating compactor or a roller.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention, with reference to the figures of the drawing, which show details essential to the invention, and from the claims. The features shown there are not necessarily to scale and presented in such a way that the features of the invention can be made clearly visible. The various features may be implemented individually for themselves or for a plurality of combinations in variants of the invention.

In the schematic drawing embodiments of the invention are illustrated and explained in more detail in the following description.

Fig. 1a - Fig. 1d

Darstellungen zur Erläuterung der Reparatur eines Straßenaufbaus;

Fig. 2a - Fig. 2e

Darstellungen zur Erläuterung der Reparatur einer größeren Reparaturstelle eines Straßenaufbaus;

Fig. 3a - Fig. 3e

Darstellungen zur Erläuterung der Reparatur eines Straßenaufbaus mit größeren zu reparierenden Flächen;

Fig. 4a - Fig. 4e

Darstellungen zur Erläuterung des Neubaus eines Straßenaufbaus;

Fig. 5

eine Darstellung einer Schicht mit bogenförmiger Unterseite;

Fig. 6 - Fig. 10

unterschiedliche Ausführungsformen von Straßenbaugeräten;

Fig. 11a - Fig. 11e

Darstellungen zur Erläuterung einer direkten Verarbeitung von in der Örtlichkeit anstehendem Boden bzw. ungebundener Tragschicht zu einer gebundenen Schicht.

Show it:

Fig. 1a - Fig. 1d

Illustrations for explaining the repair of a road construction;

Fig. 2a - Fig. 2e

Illustrations to explain the repair of a major repair of a road construction;

Fig. 3a - Fig. 3e

Illustrations to explain the repair of a road structure with larger areas to be repaired;

Fig. 4a - Fig. 4e

Illustrations to explain the construction of a new road construction;

Fig. 5

a representation of a layer with arcuate bottom;

Fig. 6-10

different embodiments of road construction equipment;

Fig. 11a - Fig. 11e

Illustrations illustrating a direct processing of locally or unbound base course to a bonded layer.

The Fig. 1a shows a portion of a road construction 1 with an unbonded layer 2, a bonded layer 3 and a cover layer 4. In area 5, the cover layer 4 and the bonded layer 3 are damaged, so for repair along the lines 6, 7, the layers 3, 4 cut become. Subsequently, these layers are removed with the help of a tiller or excavator bucket, as in the Fig. 1b is shown. In addition, the top of the unbonded layer 2 is processed, so that a curved top 8 is formed. From the Fig. 1b It can be seen that in the regions 9, 10, the upper side 8 of the layer 2 is significantly lower than the underside of the layer 3.

Evidently the Fig. 1c Subsequently, a layer 15 according to the invention - in the present case in the form of a hydraulically bound support layer - installed. The layer 15 has a planar upper side 16. The bottom 17 is formed as a vault. In particular, it can be seen that the height of the layer 15 varies along its width. This results in a higher load capacity.

Evidently the Fig. 1d Subsequently, a new cover layer 4a is installed.

The Fig. 2a, 2b essentially correspond to the Fig. 1a, 1b , However, as compared to the embodiment of Fig. 1a, 1b the width B is greater than in the previous embodiment, was in the areas 19, 20 (s. Fig. 2c ) each introduced a trench. Evidently the Fig. 2d These trenches were also filled with the material of the layer 15, so that support foundations 21, 22 emerged. These are now in the side areas of the vault of the bottom 17. On the layer 15 was then in turn applied a cover layer 4a, as shown in the Fig. 2e you can see.

The Fig. 3a - 3e show the repair of sub-areas of a road construction 1. Proven the Fig. 3a For example, the road structure 1 again has a layer 2 of unbound material, a layer 3 of bonded material and a cover layer 4. In region 5, the cover layer 4 and the bonded layer 3 are damaged, so that is cut along the lines 6, 7 and then these layers are removed, as shown in the Fig. 3b you can see. Furthermore, in the Fig. 3b to see that the layer 2 has been profiled such that two arch-like elevations 8a, 8b have arisen. In order to increase the carrying capacity of the bound layer to be introduced, trenches 28, 29, 30 were formed in the area of the low points 25, 26, 27 of the vaults 8a, 8b introduced, see Fig. 3c , In these trenches 28, 29, 30 are evidenced by the Fig. 3d Support foundations 31, 32, 33 formed. They consist of the same material as the remaining part of the layer 15. The layer 15 accordingly has a lower side 17 with a plurality of vaults, in the lateral regions of which supporting foundations 31, 32, 33 are arranged. The top 16 of the layer 15 is planar. The Fig. 3a shows the complete road construction 1, which has a cover layer 4a on the layer 15.

The Fig. 4a shows that in preparation for the production of a road structure according to the invention, a first excavation with a Erdplanum 40 is generated by soil is removed. Evidently the Fig. 4b For example, an unbonded layer 41, such as a ballast layer that may be compacted, may be placed on the ground 40. The unbonded layer 41 has an upper surface 42 which has a plurality of arched elevations 43a-43d. Trenches 44a-44e have been dug in the lateral areas of the arch-like elevations 43a-43d, see Fig. 4c , Subsequently, a layer 45, in particular a bonded layer, is incorporated. The underside 46 of the layer 45, due to the configuration of the upper side of the layer 41, has several vaults 47a-47d, in the lateral regions of which support foundations 48a-48e are arranged.

The complete road construction 50 is in the Fig. 4e shown, where also a cover layer 51 is shown.

The Fig. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a layer 100 having a flat top 101 and the bottom 102 is formed as a vault 103. The total width BS is preferably in the range 50 cm - 350 cm. The width SW of the vault itself is in the range 50 cm - 200 cm. The width BG of the support foundations 104, 105 lies in the range 10 cm - 75 cm. The thickness h of the layer 100 at the vaulting vertex is 5 cm - 20 cm. The gauge S of the bow is preferably 5 cm - 20 cm. The additional height GT of the foundations 104, 105 is preferably 5 cm - 25 cm. The radius R of the arch 103 is in the range 50 cm - 200 cm.

The Fig. 6 shows a road bucket 110 with a curved work cutting edge 111. The excavator bucket is adapted to produce a profiled surface, in particular in an unbonded layer.

The Fig. 7 shows as a road construction device 112, a roller having a curved work surface 113.

The Fig. 8 shows as a road construction device 114 a vibrating plate 114 with a curved work surface 115th

The Fig. 9 shows as a road construction device 116 a shear blade having a curved working edge 117. Such a road construction device can be used for example on a grader or a caterpillar.

The Fig. 10 As road implement 118, there is shown a tiller with curved work surface 119. All road construction implements 110, 112, 114, 116, 118 are adapted to profile a layer of road structure such that a layer applied thereon has a domed underside.

The Fig. 11a shows an executed in the upcoming floor after Auskofferung Erdplanum or the flat Planum on a still unbound, to be solidified support layer 60. On this prepared Planum can then a binder 61, in a corresponding to the amount required for the upcoming material and the local layer thickness, as scattered in Fig. 11b is shown.

According to the Fig. 11c are then mixed binder and pending material with standard milling and corresponding Fräswalzenbreiten with the addition of water and possibly other additives in a first operation to the support bases 62a, 62b, 62c.

In Fig. 11d the subsequent mixing of the vaults 63a, 63b lying between the support foundations in the second operation is shown by means of milling with curved modified milling drums.

The steps according to the Fig. 11c and 11d should be coordinated with one another in terms of time so that a material preparation takes place "fresh in fresh" so as to achieve a subsequent curing to a uniform layer 15. In the case of construction-related delays is due to the bridging and

Auflagerung 64a, 64b, 64c, 64d of the vault 63a, 63b on the pre-fabricated support foundations 62a, 62b, 62c still ensures that arise not vertically severed, juxtaposed individual layers.

After mixing with the milling, follow in Fig. 11e illustrated operations compaction with the rollers, fine profiling with caterpillar or grader a flat top 16 and possibly the introduction of predetermined breaking points for joints in hydraulically bonded layers. The finished cured layer 15 can then be overbuilt subsequently with the following structural layers.

Claims (13)

Method for producing a road structure (1, 50) with the method steps: a. Removing soil or one or more layers of an existing road construction; b. Profiling the soil or a layer (2, 41) with an excavator, a caterpillar, a grader or a milling cutter such that at least one arched elevation (8a, 8b; 43a-43d) is formed; c. Applying a bonded layer (15, 45) having a planar top surface to the profiled bottom or profiled layer (2, 41). A method according to claim 1, characterized in that an unbonded layer (2, 41) is profiled. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profiled layer (2, 41) is compacted, in particular with a roller or a vibrating plate. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in step 1.a. recycled material and bound hydraulically or bituminously and in step 1.c. on the profiled layer (2, 41) is applied. Method for producing a road structure with the method steps: a. Mixing of pending soil or an unbound support layer (60) with a binder (61) and water and thereby forming vaults (63a, 63b) by means of milling with curved modified milling rollers; b. Compacting the mixed layer; c. Making a flat top (16). A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the binder (61) is applied or injected before mixing on the upcoming soil or the support layer (60). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that trenches (28, 29, 30, 44a - 44e) are introduced in the area of the low points (25, 26, 27) of the arched elevation or archs (8a, 8b; 43a - 43d) in particular with an excavator or a milling cutter, and support trenches (21, 22, 48a-48e) are formed in the trenches (28-30; 44a-44d). A method according to claim 7, characterized in that in the supporting foundations (21, 22; 48a - 48e) drainage lines are integrated. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a covering layer (4, 4a; 51) of asphalt or concrete is applied. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arch-like elevations (8a, 8b; 43a - 43d) or vaults (47a - 47d) with a width in the range of 50 cm - 200 cm and a radius in the range of 50 cm - 200 cm be created. Road construction device (110, 112, 114, 116, 118), which in particular has an upwardly curved work surface (113, 115, 119) or work cutting edge (111, 117). Road construction device according to claim 11, characterized in that the road construction device comprises a rotating roller with a radius in the cylinder jacket, a curved milling drum, a digging bucket with a curved working cutting edge (111), a curved working shear pushing blade (117) or a vibrating working surface (114) (115). Road construction device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that it is arranged on a motor-driven road construction machine.

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