EP3097570B1 - Cable arrangement - Google Patents
Cable arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- EP3097570B1 EP3097570B1 EP14823900.7A EP14823900A EP3097570B1 EP 3097570 B1 EP3097570 B1 EP 3097570B1 EP 14823900 A EP14823900 A EP 14823900A EP 3097570 B1 EP3097570 B1 EP 3097570B1
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- Prior art keywords
- stranding
- cable
- length
- lay length
- group
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
- H01B11/02—Cables with twisted pairs or quads
- H01B11/04—Cables with twisted pairs or quads with pairs or quads mutually positioned to reduce cross-talk
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
- H01B11/002—Pair constructions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
- H01B11/005—Quad constructions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/0036—Details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/016—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for manufacturing co-axial cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/02—Stranding-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/36—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with distinguishing or length marks
Definitions
- the invention relates to an arrangement of at least two cables running essentially parallel next to one another, of which a first cable and a second cable each have at least one stranding group with two or more conductors stranded together.
- a twist or stranding is generally understood to mean the helical winding of several wires or conductors of a cable.
- a known twisted pair cable has at least one stranding group comprising two conductors twisted together. The individual conductors exchange their space in the longitudinal direction of the cable.
- twisted or stranded wire pairs provide better protection against external alternating electromagnetic fields and electrostatic influences.
- a stranding can effectively reduce crosstalk between a plurality of pairs of conductors routed side by side in a cable.
- the lay lengths and / or the sense of rotation of the individual stranding groups of a cable can additionally be selected differently.
- the coupling of a foreign signal of a first pair of conductors in an adjacent second pair of conductors can be made inductively or capacitively.
- the publication US 2012/0186846 provides for arranging several stranding groups in one cable, wherein the stranding groups can in turn be stranded together.
- the lay lengths of the individual strands can be set up in varying ways.
- the production of such a cable is particularly complex.
- alien crosstalk can occur between several such cables laid side by side.
- the publication EP 2131 370 B1 also contemplates stranding two stranding groups together, with the lay length of the stranding varying sinusoidally. Also this cable is complex in manufacturing. Furthermore, alien crosstalk can occur between several such cables laid side by side.
- lay length is understood to mean the pitch or pitch of the helix formed by the stranding group.
- lay length is that distance by which one of the stranded strands of a stranding group winds one full turn in the longitudinal direction of the cable (z-direction).
- the lay length of the stranding groups in the longitudinal direction of the individual cables is set up in varying ways. This means that the lay length changes within a (each) stranding group in the longitudinal direction of the corresponding cable.
- the lay length of at least one stranding turn of the stranding group of the first cable is smaller than the lay length of a next adjacent stranding turn of the second cable, preferably smaller by more than 10%, more preferably smaller by more than 20%, in particular by more than 50% smaller.
- an "adjacent stranding turn” is understood to mean that turn of the stranding group of the second cable whose starting point (winding phase 0 °) is cut by the same cutting plane perpendicular to the cable longitudinal axis as the starting point of the at least one stranding turn of the first cable.
- a cutting plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction through the two cables intersects the stranding group of the first cable in a first stranding section and the stranding group of the second cable in a second stranding section.
- the stranding group of the first cable winds less far in the longitudinal direction (or with a smaller pitch) than the stranding group of the second cable in a full turn of a conductor.
- the above relationship between the lay lengths of adjacent stranding turns of the first and second cables applies not only in a cutting plane but in all the cutting planes passing through the two cables.
- two stranding sections with approximately the same lay length are arranged directly adjacent to one another.
- Adjacent stranding group windings of the two cables differ in their lay length over at least 50% of the length of the cable, in particular over the entire length of the cable, by more than 10%, in particular by 20%, 50% or more.
- the lay length of the individual stranding groups varies between a minimum lay length and a maximum lay length, wherein a distance between two adjacent stranding portions of a minimum lay length stranding group defines a stranding length X.
- a stranding length is the distance between two cutting planes running perpendicularly to the cable longitudinal direction, each passing through the starting point (phase 0 °) of a particularly tightly wound turn, with exactly one particularly closely wound turn lying between the two particularly tightly wound turns, ie the distance between two minima of the curve explained above.
- the stranding length of a stranding group varies according to the invention periodically in the cable longitudinal direction.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that crosstalk between two pairs of conductors is particularly strong when their strandings each with the same phase position and the same period length (stroke length) run side by side.
- the electromagnetic fields emanating from a pair of conductor windings are coupled particularly well into the adjacent conductor pair winding of the same lay length.
- the lay lengths of adjacent conductor pair windings of the two cables differ by at least 10% or more, crosstalk between the two cables is greatly attenuated. It is therefore important according to the invention to arrange the two cables next to one another in such a way that that two adjacent turns of the stranding groups of the two cables each have different lay lengths.
- the cables or the like visible from the outside markings have, by which the lay length at a certain point in the cable interior and / or the stroke line course is specified or at least made determinable.
- the cables of the arrangement can then be arranged next to one another such that the markings are each positioned offset from one another. This ensures that the specified relationship between the lay lengths inside adjacent cables is met.
- the stranding groups each consist of a twisted conductor pair.
- the cables can each be twisted pair cables, each with one or more twisted wire pairs.
- the stranding groups may each consist of four stranded conductors.
- the cables can each be quad-core quad-core cables.
- each stranding group has at least one pair of conductors for transmission of a differential signal.
- Such side-by-side conductor pairs are particularly susceptible to alien crosstalk.
- a cable arrangement according to the invention is particularly easy to produce if each cable has exactly one stranding group.
- the lay length of the individual stranding groups varies in each case between the minimum lay length and the maximum lay length periodically and / or undulating, in particular substantially sinusoidally.
- Such a variation of the lay length in the longitudinal direction of the cable can be achieved by a periodic and / or wavy adjustment of the Rotation speed of the winding machine for producing the stranding of the cables are generated.
- lay length of a stranding group as a function of the longitudinal extent of the cable describes a wave-shaped, periodic and / or sinusoidal curve having maxima and minima.
- the lay length varies between a minimum lay length of more than 5 mm and less than 20 mm, preferably more than 10 mm and less than 15 mm, and a maximum lay length of more than 15 mm and less than 50 mm, preferably more than 22 mm and less than 28 mm.
- Such lay lengths can be produced with winding machines with reasonable effort and provide good protection against influences by external fields on the signals to be transmitted.
- the stranding length is greater than 0.5 m and less than 10 m, preferably greater than 2 m and less than 5 m.
- the stranding length of a stranding group or the individual stranding groups varies periodically in the cable longitudinal direction, in particular substantially sinusoidally. As a result, possible alien crosstalk between two adjacent cables can be suppressed particularly well.
- the at least two cables are separate, in particular spaced-apart, individual cables, which preferably run next to one another in the form of a bundle.
- the cables can be guided side by side in guides and / or be accommodated in a common holder. You can take a given distance to each other. It is not necessary, but possible, for the cables to run side by side over their entire course. You can also only partially parallel or substantially parallel to each other when, for example, at one end in a common header, bracket or the like. are included.
- the invention in another aspect, relates to a method of making an array of at least two substantially parallel side by side cables, in which a raw cable is made with at least one stranding group with two or more stranded together conductors, wherein the lay length of the stranding group in the longitudinal direction of the cable between a minimum lay length and a maximum lay length is arranged varying and a distance between two adjacent Verseilungsabêten a Stranding group with minimum lay length defines a stranding group, wherein the stranding length of a stranding group is arranged to vary periodically in the cable longitudinal direction, the raw cable is severed, so that at least a first and a second cable arise, and the two cables are arranged side by side so that the lay length of at least one stranding coil of the first cable differs by more than 10%, preferably by more than 20%, in particular by more than 50% from the lay length of a stranding group turn of the second cable arranged next to it.
- the raw cable is made over its entire course with a constant stranding length, care should be taken in the step of severing the raw cable that the cable lengths of the cables produced are not multiples or fractions of the stranding length. In this case, the lay length course of successively severed cables is different, if they are arranged side by side.
- the cables can be easily laid side by side according to the invention in the step of arranging, for example.
- the markers offset by a predetermined minimum distance from each other to be ordered.
- the first cable 10 is a twisted pair cable and includes exactly one stranding group 11 comprising two conductors 32 twisted together.
- the two conductors 32 are each surrounded by a core insulation of an insulating material.
- the stranding group 11 is surrounded by a protective jacket to form the cable 10.
- the second cable 20 is also a twisted pair cable and includes exactly one stranding group 21 comprising two conductors 32 twisted together.
- the two conductors 32 are each surrounded by a core insulation of an insulating material.
- the stranding group 21 is surrounded by a protective jacket to form the cable 20.
- the lay length of the stranding group 11 of the first cable varies in the longitudinal direction L approximately sinusoidally between a minimum lay length A and a maximum lay length A '.
- the minimum lay length A is about 12 mm and the maximum lay length A 'is about 25 mm.
- the distance between two adjacent stranding sections (14, 15) of minimum lay length A defines a stranding length X.
- the stranding length is constant over the entire length of the cable 10.
- the stranding length is also constant over the entire length of the cable 20 and is X.
- a cutting plane I passing through the two cables intersects the stranding group 11 of the first cable 10 in a stranding section 14 at which the lay length of the first stranding group 11 has a value A, and intersects the stranding group 21 of the second cable 20 in a stranding section 24 the lay length of the second stranding group 21 has a value B, where A differs from B by more than 50%. In particular, A is more than 50% smaller than B.
- This relationship between the lay lengths of the next adjacent stranding turns of the first and second cables 10, 20 is greater than 50% of the total length of the cables 10, 20. This effectively reduces alien crosstalk between the cables 10, 20.
- a notch-shaped marking 70 is arranged on the outside of the cable, for example. Such markings can be visibly attached to the cable at the spacing of the respective stranding length over the entire cable length. The cable laying then knows when laying the cable, where in the longitudinal direction of the cable, the lay length assumes a minimum value and can produce an inventive arrangement in a simple manner.
- the stranding length X varies periodically over the course of the cable in the longitudinal direction L.
- the invention is not limited to the embodiment described. Thus, more than two cables running side by side can form the arrangement according to the invention. Instead of twisted-pair cables, quad-core cables can be used with a stranding group formed from four cores.
- the invention relates to a raw cable for producing the inventive arrangement with at least one marker 70 on an outer side.
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Communication Cables (AREA)
- Processes Specially Adapted For Manufacturing Cables (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung von mindestens zwei im Wesentlichen parallel nebeneinander verlaufenden Kabeln, von denen ein erstes Kabel und ein zweites Kabel jeweils mindestens eine Verseilungsgruppe mit zwei oder mehr miteinander verseilten Leitern aufweisen.The invention relates to an arrangement of at least two cables running essentially parallel next to one another, of which a first cable and a second cable each have at least one stranding group with two or more conductors stranded together.
Unter einer Verdrillung oder Verseilung wird allgemein das schraubenförmige Umeinanderwickeln mehrerer Adern bzw. Leiter eines Kabels verstanden. Beispielsweise weist ein bekanntes Twisted-Pair-Kabel zumindest eine Verseilungsgruppe auf, die zwei miteinander verdrillte Leiter umfasst. Dabei tauschen die einzelnen Leiter in Längsrichtung des Kabels ihren Platz zueinander aus. Zusätzlich bieten verdrillte bzw. verseilte Adernpaare einen besseren Schutz gegenüber äußeren elektromagnetischen Wechselfeldern und elektrostatischen Beeinflussungen.A twist or stranding is generally understood to mean the helical winding of several wires or conductors of a cable. For example, a known twisted pair cable has at least one stranding group comprising two conductors twisted together. The individual conductors exchange their space in the longitudinal direction of the cable. In addition, twisted or stranded wire pairs provide better protection against external alternating electromagnetic fields and electrostatic influences.
Ferner kann durch eine Verseilung wirksam ein Übersprechen bzw. ein Crosstalk zwischen mehreren Leiterpaaren verringert werden, die nebeneinander in einem Kabel geführt werden. Dazu können zusätzlich die Schlaglängen und/oder der Drehsinn der einzelnen Verseilungsgruppen eines Kabels unterschiedlich gewählt werden. Die Einkopplung eines Fremdsignals eines ersten Leiterpaars in ein benachbartes zweites Leiterpaar kann induktiv oder kapazitiv erfolgen.Furthermore, a stranding can effectively reduce crosstalk between a plurality of pairs of conductors routed side by side in a cable. In addition, the lay lengths and / or the sense of rotation of the individual stranding groups of a cable can additionally be selected differently. The coupling of a foreign signal of a first pair of conductors in an adjacent second pair of conductors can be made inductively or capacitively.
Auch wenn mehrere Kabel, die jeweils mindestens ein Leiterpaar zur Übertragung differentieller Signal aufweisen, nebeneinander verlegt werden, kann ein solches unerwünschtes Übersprechen zwischen den Kabeln (Alien-Crosstalk) auftreten. Um dieses Übersprechen zu verringern, werden die einzelnen Kabel regelmäßig mit einer Schirmung versehen. Alternativ werden Koaxialkabel verwendet.Even if several cables, each having at least one pair of conductors for transmitting differential signal, are laid side by side, such an undesirable crosstalk between the cables (alien crosstalk) may occur. Around To reduce this crosstalk, the individual cables are regularly provided with a shield. Alternatively, coaxial cables are used.
Weitere bekannte Lösungen sehen vor, dass die einzelnen, nebeneinander zu verlegenden Kabel einen besonders dicken Mantel aufweisen oder unter einem vorgegebenen gegenseitigen Mindestabstand verlegt werden.Other known solutions provide that the individual cables to be laid next to one another have a particularly thick jacket or are laid below a predetermined mutual minimum distance.
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Unter der Schlaglänge wird die Steigung bzw. die Ganghöhe der von der Verseilungsgruppe gebildeten Schraubenlinie verstanden. Mit anderen Worten ist die Schlaglänge diejenige Strecke, um die sich eine der verseilten Adern einer Verseilungsgruppe bei einer vollen Umdrehung in Längsrichtung des Kabels (z-Richtung) windet.The lay length is understood to mean the pitch or pitch of the helix formed by the stranding group. In other words, the lay length is that distance by which one of the stranded strands of a stranding group winds one full turn in the longitudinal direction of the cable (z-direction).
In Anbetracht der beschriebenen Probleme ist es die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Anordnung mehrerer nebeneinander verlaufender Kabel bereitzustellen, die jeweils zur Übertragung differentieller Signale geeignet sind, wobei die Anordnung einfach herstellbar ist, und wobei gleichzeitig ein Crosstalk zwischen den Leiterpaaren der einzelnen Kabel zuverlässig verhindert wird.In view of the problems described, it is the object of the present invention to provide an arrangement of several cables running side by side, each suitable for transmitting differential signals, wherein the arrangement is easy to manufacture, and at the same time a crosstalk between the conductor pairs of the individual cables is reliably prevented.
Dabei soll vorzugsweise auf eine Schirmung der einzelnen Kabel verzichtet werden, die zum einen teuer ist und zum anderen das Gewicht und die Biegsamkeit der Kabel negativ beeinflussen kann.In this case, it is preferable to dispense with a shielding of the individual cables, which is expensive on the one hand and on the other hand can adversely affect the weight and flexibility of the cable.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Kabelanordnung gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben.This object is achieved by a cable assembly according to claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.
Erfindungsgemäß ist die Schlaglänge der Verseilungsgruppen in Längsrichtung der einzelnen Kabel jeweils variierend eingerichtet. Das bedeutet, dass sich die Schlaglänge innerhalb einer (jeder) Verseilungsgruppe in Längsrichtung des entsprechenden Kabels verändert. Zusätzlich ist die Schlaglänge mindestens einer Verseilungsgruppen-Windung der Verseilungsgruppe des ersten Kabels kleiner als die Schlaglänge einer dazu nächst benachbarten Verseilungsgruppen-Windung des zweiten Kabels, vorzugsweise um mehr als 10% kleiner, besonders bevorzugt um mehr als 20% kleiner, insbesondere um mehr als 50% kleiner. Unter einer "benachbarten Verseilungsgruppen-Windung" wird diejenige Windung der Verseilungsgruppe des zweiten Kabels verstanden, deren Startpunkt (Windungsphase 0°) von derselben senkrecht zur Kabellängsachse verlaufenden Schnittebene geschnitten wird wie der Startpunkt der mindestens einen Verseilungsgruppen-Windung des ersten Kabels.According to the invention, the lay length of the stranding groups in the longitudinal direction of the individual cables is set up in varying ways. This means that the lay length changes within a (each) stranding group in the longitudinal direction of the corresponding cable. In addition, the lay length of at least one stranding turn of the stranding group of the first cable is smaller than the lay length of a next adjacent stranding turn of the second cable, preferably smaller by more than 10%, more preferably smaller by more than 20%, in particular by more than 50% smaller. An "adjacent stranding turn" is understood to mean that turn of the stranding group of the second cable whose starting point (winding phase 0 °) is cut by the same cutting plane perpendicular to the cable longitudinal axis as the starting point of the at least one stranding turn of the first cable.
Mit anderen Worten schneidet (mindestens) eine senkrecht zur Längsrichtung durch die zwei Kabel verlaufende Schnittebene die Verseilungsgruppe des ersten Kabels in einem ersten Verseilungsabschnitt und die Verseilungsgruppe des zweiten Kabels in einem zweiten Verseilungsabschnitt. Ausgehend von dieser Schnittebene windet sich die Verseilungsgruppe des ersten Kabels bei einer vollen Umdrehung eines Leiters weniger weit in Längsrichtung (bzw. mit einer geringeren Steigung) als die Verseilungsgruppe des zweiten Kabels.In other words, (at least) a cutting plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction through the two cables intersects the stranding group of the first cable in a first stranding section and the stranding group of the second cable in a second stranding section. Starting from this cutting plane, the stranding group of the first cable winds less far in the longitudinal direction (or with a smaller pitch) than the stranding group of the second cable in a full turn of a conductor.
Vorzugsweise gilt die obige Beziehung zwischen den Schlaglängen benachbarter Verseilungsgruppen-Windungen von erstem und zweitem Kabel nicht nur in einer Schnittebene, sondern in allen durch die beiden Kabel verlaufenden Schnittebenen. Mit anderen Worten sind an nur wenigen Stellen oder an keiner Stelle der Kabelanordnung in deren Längsrichtung zwei Verseilungsabschnitte mit etwa gleicher Schlaglänge unmittelbar benachbart zueinander angeordnet. Benachbarte Verseilungsgruppen-Windungen der beiden Kabel unterscheiden sich vielmehr in ihrer Schlaglänge über zumindest 50% der Länge des Kabels, insbesondere über die gesamte Länge des Kabels, um mehr als 10%, insbesondere um 20%, 50% oder mehr.Preferably, the above relationship between the lay lengths of adjacent stranding turns of the first and second cables applies not only in a cutting plane but in all the cutting planes passing through the two cables. In other words, at only a few points or at no point in the cable arrangement in the longitudinal direction, two stranding sections with approximately the same lay length are arranged directly adjacent to one another. Adjacent stranding group windings of the two cables differ in their lay length over at least 50% of the length of the cable, in particular over the entire length of the cable, by more than 10%, in particular by 20%, 50% or more.
Die Schlaglänge der einzelnen Verseilungsgruppen variiert jeweils zwischen einer minimalen Schlaglänge und einer maximalen Schlaglänge, wobei ein Abstand zwischen zwei benachbarten Verseilungsabschnitten einer Verseilungsgruppe mit minimaler Schlaglänge eine Verseilungslänge X definiert.The lay length of the individual stranding groups varies between a minimum lay length and a maximum lay length, wherein a distance between two adjacent stranding portions of a minimum lay length stranding group defines a stranding length X.
Mit anderen Worten ist eine Verseilungslänge der Abstand zwischen zwei senkrecht zur Kabellängsrichtung verlaufenden Schnittebenen, die jeweils durch den Startpunkt (Phase 0°) einer besonders eng gewickelten Windung verlaufen, wobei zwischen den beiden besonders eng gewickelten Windungen genau eine besonders weit gewickelte Windung liegt, also der Abstand zwischen zwei Minima der oben erläuterten Kurve.In other words, a stranding length is the distance between two cutting planes running perpendicularly to the cable longitudinal direction, each passing through the starting point (phase 0 °) of a particularly tightly wound turn, with exactly one particularly closely wound turn lying between the two particularly tightly wound turns, ie the distance between two minima of the curve explained above.
Die Verseilungslänge einer Verseilungsgruppe variiert erfindungsgemäß in Kabellängsrichtung periodisch.The stranding length of a stranding group varies according to the invention periodically in the cable longitudinal direction.
Die Erfindung geht auf die Erkenntnis zurück, dass ein Übersprechen zwischen zwei Leiterpaaren dann besonders stark ist, wenn deren Verseilungen jeweils mit gleicher Phasenlage und gleicher Periodenlänge (Schlaglänge) nebeneinander verlaufen. In diesem Fall koppeln die von einer Leiterpaarwindung ausgehenden elektromagnetischen Felder nämlich besonders gut in die benachbarte Leiterpaarwindung gleicher Schlaglänge ein. Wenn sich andererseits die Schlaglängen benachbarter Leiterpaarwindungen der beiden Kabel um zumindest 10% oder mehr unterscheiden, wird ein Übersprechen zwischen den beiden Kabeln stark gedämpft. Es ist erfindungsgemäß also wichtig, die beiden Kabel derart nebeneinander anzuordnen, dass zwei benachbarte Windungen der Verseilungsgruppen der beiden Kabel jeweils unterschiedliche Schlaglängen aufweisen.The invention is based on the knowledge that crosstalk between two pairs of conductors is particularly strong when their strandings each with the same phase position and the same period length (stroke length) run side by side. In this case, the electromagnetic fields emanating from a pair of conductor windings are coupled particularly well into the adjacent conductor pair winding of the same lay length. On the other hand, if the lay lengths of adjacent conductor pair windings of the two cables differ by at least 10% or more, crosstalk between the two cables is greatly attenuated. It is therefore important according to the invention to arrange the two cables next to one another in such a way that that two adjacent turns of the stranding groups of the two cables each have different lay lengths.
Zu diesem Zweck können die Kabel von außen sichtbare Markierungen o.dgl. aufweisen, durch die die Schlaglänge an einer bestimmten Stelle im Kabelinneren und/oder der Schlaglinienverlauf angegeben wird oder zumindest bestimmbar gemacht wird. Die Kabel der Anordnung können dann so nebeneinander angeordnet sein, dass die Markierungen jeweils versetzt zueinander positioniert sind. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, dass die angegebene Beziehung zwischen den Schlaglängen im Inneren benachbarter Kabeln erfüllt ist.For this purpose, the cables or the like visible from the outside markings. have, by which the lay length at a certain point in the cable interior and / or the stroke line course is specified or at least made determinable. The cables of the arrangement can then be arranged next to one another such that the markings are each positioned offset from one another. This ensures that the specified relationship between the lay lengths inside adjacent cables is met.
Vorzugsweise bestehen die Verseilungsgruppen jeweils aus einem verdrillten Leiterpaar. Die Kabel können jeweils Twisted-Pair-Kabel mit jeweils einem oder mehreren verdrillten Leiterpaaren sein.Preferably, the stranding groups each consist of a twisted conductor pair. The cables can each be twisted pair cables, each with one or more twisted wire pairs.
Alternativ können die Verseilungsgruppen jeweils aus vier miteinander verseilten Leitern bestehen. Die Kabel können in diesem Fall jeweils Sternvierer-Kabel mit Viererverseilung sein.Alternatively, the stranding groups may each consist of four stranded conductors. In this case, the cables can each be quad-core quad-core cables.
Die vorteilhaften Wirkungen der Erfindung zeigen sich besonders deutlich, wenn jede Verseilungsgruppe mindestens ein Leiterpaar zur Übertragung eines differentiellen Signals aufweist. Solche nebeneinander verlaufenden Leiterpaare sind nämlich besonders anfällig für Alien-Crosstalk.The advantageous effects of the invention are particularly evident when each stranding group has at least one pair of conductors for transmission of a differential signal. Such side-by-side conductor pairs are particularly susceptible to alien crosstalk.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Kabelanordnung ist besonders einfach herstellbar, wenn jedes Kabel genau eine Verseilungsgruppe aufweist.A cable arrangement according to the invention is particularly easy to produce if each cable has exactly one stranding group.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung variiert die Schlaglänge der einzelnen Verseilungsgruppen jeweils zwischen der minimalen Schlaglänge und der maximalen Schlaglänge periodisch und/oder wellenförmig, insbesondere im Wesentlichen sinusförmig. Eine solche Variation der Schlaglänge in Längsrichtung der Kabel kann durch eine periodische und/oder wellenförmige Einstellung der Drehgeschwindigkeit der Wickelmaschine zum Herstellen der Verseilungen der Kabel erzeugt werden.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the lay length of the individual stranding groups varies in each case between the minimum lay length and the maximum lay length periodically and / or undulating, in particular substantially sinusoidally. Such a variation of the lay length in the longitudinal direction of the cable can be achieved by a periodic and / or wavy adjustment of the Rotation speed of the winding machine for producing the stranding of the cables are generated.
Mit anderen Worten beschreibt die Schlaglänge einer Verseilungsgruppe in Abhängigkeit von der Längserstreckung des Kabels eine wellenförmig, periodisch und/oder sinusförmig verlaufende Kurve, die Maxima und Minima aufweist.In other words, the lay length of a stranding group as a function of the longitudinal extent of the cable describes a wave-shaped, periodic and / or sinusoidal curve having maxima and minima.
Vorzugsweise variiert die Schlaglänge zwischen einer minimale Schlaglänge von mehr als 5 mm und weniger als 20 mm, bevorzugt mehr als 10 mm und weniger als 15 mm, und einer maximalen Schlaglänge von mehr als 15 mm und weniger als 50 mm, bevorzugt mehr als 22 mm und weniger als 28 mm. Solche Schlaglängen sind mit Wickelmaschinen mit vertretbarem Aufwand herstellbar und bieten einen guten Schutz vor Einflüssen durch äußere Felder auf die zu übertragenden Signale.Preferably, the lay length varies between a minimum lay length of more than 5 mm and less than 20 mm, preferably more than 10 mm and less than 15 mm, and a maximum lay length of more than 15 mm and less than 50 mm, preferably more than 22 mm and less than 28 mm. Such lay lengths can be produced with winding machines with reasonable effort and provide good protection against influences by external fields on the signals to be transmitted.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Verseilungslänge größer als 0,5 m und kleiner als 10 m, vorzugsweise größer als 2 m und kleiner als 5 m.
Die Verseilungslänge einer Verseilungsgruppe oder der einzelnen Verseilungsgruppen variiert in Kabellängsrichtung periodisch, insbesondere im Wesentlichen sinusförmig. Hierdurch kann möglicher Alien-Crosstalk zwischen zwei nebeneinanderliegenden Kabeln besonders gut unterdrückt werden.In a preferred embodiment, the stranding length is greater than 0.5 m and less than 10 m, preferably greater than 2 m and less than 5 m.
The stranding length of a stranding group or the individual stranding groups varies periodically in the cable longitudinal direction, in particular substantially sinusoidally. As a result, possible alien crosstalk between two adjacent cables can be suppressed particularly well.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die mindestens zwei Kabel separate, insbesondere voneinander beabstandete Einzelkabel, die vorzugsweise in Form eines Bündels nebeneinander verlaufen. Die Kabel können nebeneinander in Führungen geführt sein und/oder in einer gemeinsamen Halterung aufgenommen sein. Sie können einen vorgegebenen Abstand zueinander einnehmen. Es ist nicht erforderlich, aber möglich, dass die Kabel über ihren gesamten Verlauf nebeneinander verlaufen. Sie können auch nur abschnittsweise parallel oder im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander verlaufen, wenn sie bspw. an einem Ende in einer gemeinsamen Steckleiste, Halterung o.dgl. aufgenommen sind.In a preferred embodiment, the at least two cables are separate, in particular spaced-apart, individual cables, which preferably run next to one another in the form of a bundle. The cables can be guided side by side in guides and / or be accommodated in a common holder. You can take a given distance to each other. It is not necessary, but possible, for the cables to run side by side over their entire course. You can also only partially parallel or substantially parallel to each other when, for example, at one end in a common header, bracket or the like. are included.
Gemäß einem weiteren Gesichtspunkt betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Anordnung von mindestens zwei im Wesentlichen parallel nebeneinander verlaufenden Kabeln, bei dem ein Rohkabel mit mindestens einer Verseilungsgruppe mit zwei oder mehr miteinander verseilten Leitern hergestellt wird, wobei die Schlaglänge der Verseilungsgruppe in Längsrichtung des Kabels zwischen einer minimalen Schlaglänge und einer maximalen Schlaglänge variierend eingerichtet ist und ein Abstand zwischen zwei benachbarten Verseilungsabschnitten einer Verseilungsgruppe mit minimaler Schlaglänge eine Verseilungsgruppe definiert, wobei die Verseilungslänge einer Verseilungsgruppe in Kabellängsrichtung periodisch variierend eingerichtet ist,
das Rohkabel durchtrennt wird, so dass zumindest ein erstes und ein zweites Kabel entstehen, und
die zwei Kabel derart nebeneinander angeordnet werden, dass sich die Schlaglänge mindestens einer Verseilungsgruppenwindung des ersten Kabels um mehr als 10%, bevorzugt um mehr als 20%, insbesondere um mehr als 50% von der Schlaglänge einer daneben angeordneten Verseilungsgruppenwindung des zweiten Kabels unterscheidet.In another aspect, the invention relates to a method of making an array of at least two substantially parallel side by side cables, in which a raw cable is made with at least one stranding group with two or more stranded together conductors, wherein the lay length of the stranding group in the longitudinal direction of the cable between a minimum lay length and a maximum lay length is arranged varying and a distance between two adjacent Verseilungsabschnitten a Stranding group with minimum lay length defines a stranding group, wherein the stranding length of a stranding group is arranged to vary periodically in the cable longitudinal direction,
the raw cable is severed, so that at least a first and a second cable arise, and
the two cables are arranged side by side so that the lay length of at least one stranding coil of the first cable differs by more than 10%, preferably by more than 20%, in particular by more than 50% from the lay length of a stranding group turn of the second cable arranged next to it.
Wenn das Rohkabel über seinen gesamten Verlauf mit konstanter Verseilungslänge hergestellt wird, kann beim Schritt des Durchtrennens des Rohkabels darauf geachtet werden, dass die Kabellängen der erzeugten Kabel keine Vielfachen oder Bruchteile der Verseilungslänge sind. In diesem Fall ist nämlich der Schlaglängenverlauf nacheinander durchtrennter Kabel unterschiedlich, wenn diese nebeneinander angeordnet werden.If the raw cable is made over its entire course with a constant stranding length, care should be taken in the step of severing the raw cable that the cable lengths of the cables produced are not multiples or fractions of the stranding length. In this case, the lay length course of successively severed cables is different, if they are arranged side by side.
Wenn das Rohkabel an seiner Außenseite Markierungen trägt, die den Schlaglängenverlauf und/oder eine maximale oder minimale Schlaglänge im Kabelinneren angeben, können die Kabel beim Schritt des Anordnens auf einfache Weise erfindungsgemäß nebeneinander verlegt werden, bspw. indem die Markierungen um einen vorgegebenen Mindestabstand versetzt zueinander angeordnet werden.If the raw cable carries on its outside markings indicating the lay length course and / or a maximum or minimum lay length inside the cable, the cables can be easily laid side by side according to the invention in the step of arranging, for example. By the markers offset by a predetermined minimum distance from each other to be ordered.
In der folgenden Beschreibung wird die Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügte Zeichnung erläutert. Die einzige Figur der Zeichnung zeigt:
- eine schematische Handskizze einer erfindungsgemäßen Kabelanordnung.
- a schematic sketch of a cable arrangement according to the invention.
Es ist eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung von zwei zumindest abschnittsweise nebeneinander verlaufenden Kabeln 10, 20 dargestellt. Es handelt sich dabei um eine schematische Prinzipskizze. Es ist angedeutet, dass in jedem der Kabel 10, 20 zwei miteinander verseilte bzw. verdrillte Adern bzw. Leiter 32 verlaufen. Zwei miteinander verseilte Leiter 32 bilden jeweils eine Verseilungsgruppe 11, 21. Mit anderen Worten sind die Adern einer Verseilungsgruppe schraubenförmig bzw. helixförmig umeinander gewickelt. Bei einer vollen Umdrehung bewegt sich jede der verseilten Adern um eine Schlaglänge in Längsrichtung L des Kabels.It is an inventive arrangement of two at least partially side by
Das erste Kabel 10 ist ein Twisted-Pair-Kabel und umfasst genau eine Verseilungsgruppe 11, die zwei miteinander verdrillte Leiter 32 umfasst. Die beiden Leiter 32 sind jeweils von einer Aderisolierung aus einem isolierenden Material umgeben. Die Verseilungsgruppe 11 ist zur Bildung des Kabels 10 von einem Schutzmantel umgeben.The
Das zweite Kabel 20 ist ebenfalls ein Twisted-Pair-Kabel und umfasst genau eine Verseilungsgruppe 21, die zwei miteinander verdrillte Leiter 32 umfasst. Die beiden Leiter 32 sind jeweils von einer Aderisolierung aus einem isolierenden Material umgeben. Die Verseilungsgruppe 21 ist zur Bildung des Kabels 20 von einem Schutzmantel umgeben.The
Die Schlaglänge der Verseilungsgruppe 11 des ersten Kabels variiert in Längsrichtung L etwa sinusförmig zwischen einer minimalen Schlaglänge A und einer maximalen Schlaglänge A'. Die minimale Schlaglänge A beträgt etwa 12 mm und die maximale Schlaglänge A' beträgt etwa 25 mm. Der Abstand zwischen zwei benachbarten Verseilungsabschnitten (14, 15) minimaler Schlaglänge A definiert eine Verseilungslänge X. Die Verseilungslänge ist über die gesamte Länge des Kabels 10 konstant.The lay length of the
Die Schlaglänge der Verseilungsgruppe 21 des zweiten Kabels variiert in Längsrichtung L ebenfalls sinusförmig zwischen einer minimalen Schlaglänge B' (mit B`=A) und einer maximalen Schlaglänge B (mit B=A'). Die Verseilungslänge ist ebenfalls über die gesamte Länge des Kabels 20 konstant und beträgt X.The lay length of the
Eine durch die beiden Kabel verlaufende Schnittebene I schneidet die Verseilungsgruppe 11 des ersten Kabels 10 in einem Verseilungsabschnitt 14, an dem die Schlaglänge der ersten Verseilungsgruppe 11 einen Wert A hat, und sie schneidet die Verseilungsgruppe 21 des zweiten Kabels 20 in einem Verseilungsabschnitt 24, an dem die Schlaglänge der zweiten Verseilungsgruppe 21 einen Wert B hat, wobei sich A um mehr als 50% von B unterscheidet. Insbesondere ist A um mehr als 50% kleiner als B.A cutting plane I passing through the two cables intersects the
Diese Beziehung zwischen den Schlaglängen einander nächst benachbarter Verseilungsgruppen-Windungen des ersten und des zweiten Kabels 10, 20 gilt über mehr als 50% der gesamten Länge der Kabel 10, 20. Hierdurch wird wirksam ein Alien-Crosstalk zwischen den Kabeln 10, 20 reduziert.This relationship between the lay lengths of the next adjacent stranding turns of the first and
In dem Verseilungsabschnitt 14, an dem die erste Verseilungsgruppe 11 eine minimale Schlaglänge A aufweist, ist außen am Kabel eine bspw. kerbenförmige Markierung 70 angeordnet. Solche Markierungen können im Abstand der jeweiligen Verseilungslänge über die gesamte Kabellänge sichtbar am Kabel angebracht sein. Der Kabelverleger weiß dann noch beim Verlegen des Kabels, wo in Längsrichtung des Kabels die Schlaglänge einen minimalen Wert annimmt und kann eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung auf einfache Weise herstellen.In the
Erfindungsgemäß variiert die Verseilungslänge X über den Verlauf des Kabels in Längsrichtung L periodisch.According to the invention, the stranding length X varies periodically over the course of the cable in the longitudinal direction L.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel eingeschränkt. So können mehr als zwei nebeneinander verlaufende Kabel die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung bilden. Anstelle der Twisted-Pair-Kabel können Sternvierer-Kabel mit einer aus vier Adern gebildeten Verseilungsgruppe verwendet werden.The invention is not limited to the embodiment described. Thus, more than two cables running side by side can form the arrangement according to the invention. Instead of twisted-pair cables, quad-core cables can be used with a stranding group formed from four cores.
Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Rohkabel zum Herstellen der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung mit mindestens einer Markierung 70 an einer Außenseite.Furthermore, the invention relates to a raw cable for producing the inventive arrangement with at least one
Claims (19)
- Arrangement of at least two cables (10, 20) which extend adjacently in a substantially parallel manner, a first cable (10) and a second cable (20) of which each having at least one stranding group (11, 21) which has two or more conductors (32) that are twisted together, wherein the lay length of each of the stranding groups (11, 21) varies in the longitudinal direction of the cables (10, 20), and the lay length of at least one stranding group winding (14) of the stranding group (11) of the first cable (10) differs from the lay length of an adjacent stranding group winding (24) of the stranding group (21) of the second cable (20) by more than 10%, the lay length of the stranding groups (11, 21) in each case varying between a minimum lay length (A, B') and a maximum lay length (A', B), characterised in that a distance between two adjacent stranding sections (14, 15) of a stranding group (11) with a minimum lay length (A) defines a stranding length (X), wherein the stranding length (X) of a stranding group (11) varies periodically in the longitudinal direction of the cable (L).
- Arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the lay length of at least one stranding group winding (14) of the stranding group (11) of the first cable (10) differs from the lay length (B) of an adjacent stranding group winding (24) of the stranding group (21) of the second cable (20) by more than 20%, in particular by more than 50%.
- Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the stranding groups (11, 21) each consist of a twisted conductor pair (12, 22).
- Arrangement according to claim 3, characterised in that the cables (10, 20) are in each case twisted-pair cables.
- Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the stranding groups (11, 21) in each case consist of four conductors twisted together.
- Arrangement according to claim 5, characterised in that the cables (10, 20) are in each case star quad cables with quad stranding.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that each stranding group (11, 21) has at least one conductor pair (12, 22) for transmission of a differential signal.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that each cable (10, 20) has exactly one stranding group (11, 21).
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lay length of the stranding groups (11, 21) in each case varies periodically and/or in a wave-formed manner, in particular, for example, sinusoidally.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the minimum lay length (A, B') is greater than 5 mm and less than 20 mm, preferably greater than 10 mm and less than 15 mm, while the maximum lay length (A', B) is greater than 15 mm and less than 50 mm, preferably greater than 22 mm and less than 28 mm.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the stranding length (X) is greater than 0.5 m and less than 10 m, preferably greater than 2 m and less than 5 m.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the stranding length (X) of a stranding group (11, 21) varies sinusoidally, in the longitudinal direction of the cable (L).
- Arrangement according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the stranding length (X) of a stranding group (11, 21) varies statistically in the longitudinal direction of the cable (L) between a maximum and a minimum stranding length.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least two cables (10, 20) are separate, individual cables, in particular arranged at a distance from one another.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that each cable (10, 20) carries on its exterior at least one marking (70) which states a lay length, a lay length pattern and/or a position of a maximum or minimum lay length (A', B; A, B') in the interior of the cable, wherein the marking of the first cable (10) is preferably offset from the marking of the second cable (20) in the longitudinal direction of the cable (L).
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one cable carries on its exterior markings at intervals corresponding to the respective stranding length (X).
- Method for manufacturing an arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a raw cable is manufactured with at least one stranding group (11) with two or more twisted conductors (32), wherein the lay length of the stranding group (11) varies in the longitudinal direction of the raw cable between a minimum lay length (A) and a maximum lay length (A'), and a distance between two adjacent stranding sections (14, 15) of a stranding group (11) with a minimum lay length (A) defines a stranding length (X), wherein the stranding length (X) of a stranding group (11) varies periodically in the longitudinal direction of the cable (L),
the raw cable is cut, so that at least one first and one second cable (10, 20) are produced, and
the two cables (10, 20) are arranged adjacent to one another such that the lay length of a stranding group winding (14) of the stranding group (11) of the first cable (10) differs by more than 10% from the lay length of a stranding group winding (24) of the stranding group (21) of the second cable (20) arranged next to it. - Method according to claim 17, characterised by the step of application of markings (70) to an outer side of the raw cable depending on the pattern of the lay lengths in the interior of the raw cable.
- Method according to claim 18, characterised in that, during the step involving the arrangement of the two cables, a marking of the first cable is positioned offset to a marking of the second cable.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE102014000897.5A DE102014000897A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2014-01-23 | cable assembly |
PCT/EP2014/003370 WO2015110134A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2014-12-16 | Cable arrangement |
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EP3097570A1 EP3097570A1 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
EP3097570B1 true EP3097570B1 (en) | 2017-11-15 |
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US (1) | US10115499B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3097570B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6573893B2 (en) |
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CN (1) | CN105900187B (en) |
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DE (1) | DE102014000897A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI650772B (en) |
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DE102017213382A1 (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-07 | Leoni Kabel Gmbh | sensor line |
JP6840659B2 (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2021-03-10 | 株式会社フジクラ | Fiber optic cable |
US11330562B2 (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2022-05-10 | Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Company Limited | Method and apparatus for sidelink resource control |
CN111029007A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-17 | 广州亚太线缆科技有限公司 | Low-surface-friction-coefficient cable and manufacturing method thereof |
KR102337643B1 (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-12-09 | 주식회사 금호이.티.시 | Sheath module for installing utp cable |
WO2023129603A1 (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-07-06 | Belden, Inc. | Manifold pair lay data cable |
CN114914035B (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2024-01-12 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Method and device for determining blanking length of three twisted wires before twisting and computer equipment |
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- 2014-01-23 DE DE102014000897.5A patent/DE102014000897A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-12-16 KR KR1020167017916A patent/KR20160113106A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-12-16 WO PCT/EP2014/003370 patent/WO2015110134A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-12-16 JP JP2016547923A patent/JP6573893B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-12-16 CA CA2933931A patent/CA2933931A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-12-16 EP EP14823900.7A patent/EP3097570B1/en active Active
- 2014-12-16 US US15/109,302 patent/US10115499B2/en active Active
- 2014-12-16 CN CN201480072205.9A patent/CN105900187B/en active Active
- 2014-12-24 TW TW103145164A patent/TWI650772B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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CA2933931A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
CN105900187A (en) | 2016-08-24 |
TW201535420A (en) | 2015-09-16 |
WO2015110134A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
KR20160113106A (en) | 2016-09-28 |
JP2017504168A (en) | 2017-02-02 |
JP6573893B2 (en) | 2019-09-11 |
CN105900187B (en) | 2017-11-28 |
US20160336095A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
US10115499B2 (en) | 2018-10-30 |
TWI650772B (en) | 2019-02-11 |
DE102014000897A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 |
EP3097570A1 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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