EP3084229B1 - Housing of a fluid energy machine - Google Patents

Housing of a fluid energy machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3084229B1
EP3084229B1 EP15702715.2A EP15702715A EP3084229B1 EP 3084229 B1 EP3084229 B1 EP 3084229B1 EP 15702715 A EP15702715 A EP 15702715A EP 3084229 B1 EP3084229 B1 EP 3084229B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
seal
cas
cov
csp
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EP15702715.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3084229A1 (en
Inventor
Jan Weule
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/083—Sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0088—Testing machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/001—Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/086—Sealings especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
    • F04D29/102—Shaft sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/426—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/522—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a housing of a fluid energy machine, which extends along a longitudinal axis comprising a housing shell extending axially, a housing cover for closing an axially front housing opening of the housing shell, an annular insert extending in the housing in a circumferential direction, and rests against the housing shell and on the housing cover, a first seal between the housing cover and the housing shell.
  • a turbomachine is known, are sealed against each other in the inflow and outflow by means of a circumferentially extending seal between an inner housing and an outer housing and wherein frontal opening closures are sealed relative to the housing also by means of static seals.
  • the corresponding inflow and outflow chambers are filled as planned with the process fluid and are not monitored for leakage.
  • the DE 102012223462 B3 deals with an arrangement according to the preamble of the invention.
  • a seal assembly with a monitored intermediate chamber is in this case provided between two seals, wherein the two seals are arranged between the outer housing and a front-side cover.
  • the arrangement is radially expansive and must be designed so that the radial space of the outer housing wall thickness is not exceeded by the seal assembly.
  • housing shell means a preferably substantially cylindrical housing shape along a longitudinal axis, which has a releasably secured lid on at least one axial side and is formed either closed on the other side - that is integrally with a closing frontal lid - or also has a releasably secured axially frontal lid.
  • the housing has at least one axial end face on a passage for a shaft which transmits torques to or from the rotor of a fluid energy machine to the housing according to the invention.
  • this shaft has an axis of rotation which substantially coincides with the housing longitudinal axis.
  • a preferred application of the invention is in the field of radial fluid energy machines, wherein in principle also an application in the field of axial fluid energy machines is conceivable.
  • the invention deals with the static sealing of the housing cover to the housing shell using an additional annular insert.
  • a reliable sealing of the cover to the housing shell for safety is operationally necessary.
  • An advantageous development of the invention provides that, sealed from the first seal, the second seal and the third seal, a sealed gap is delimited from the housing shell, housing cover and the annular insert and this sealed gap is connected to a monitoring line.
  • the monitor line connects the sealed gap to a monitor that, in the event of detection of process fluid in the gap, sends a signal to a controller that may indicate that there is a leak.
  • the leak In the event that the leak has been detected, it makes sense, at least at the next scheduled shutdown of the machine to replace the defective seal.
  • a circumferential groove for the first seal in the housing cover are provided and arranged in the housing cover a second circumferential groove for the second seal.
  • These seals may e.g. be designed as an O-ring seal.
  • Another type of seal design for example, a so-called cup seal seal. In such a type of seal there is a widening of the seal when a corresponding differential pressure is applied in the sealing direction. The contact force of the sealing flanks in the so-called cup-seal seal depends on the applied differential pressure across the seal.
  • a further advantageous development of the invention provides that the insert has a third circumferential groove in which the third seal is located.
  • a further advantageous development of the invention provides that the first circumferential groove and / or the second circumferential groove point with its slot opening in the axial direction.
  • a further advantageous embodiment provides that the third circumferential groove for the third seal has in the radial direction.
  • the housings of the type according to the invention are preferably used as so-called pot housings in which no horizontal parting line of the housing is provided and the housing is axially closed on at least one axial side by means of a cover.
  • the other axial end face is, so that the compressor or expander has the desired function, axially frontally also closed.
  • the housing cover is in this case releasably secured to the housing shell.
  • On the other axial end may also be provided a detachably secured to the housing shell housing cover.
  • the housing has on this axial end face an integral formation of the front side occluding Housing side and the housing cover with the housing shell on.
  • the housing jacket can be designed as a forged component, welded construction or as a cast component, in particular if the housing jacket is formed integrally with the housing cover which is not detachably fastened to the housing jacket.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the insert in the housing jacket is a spiral insert of a turbofluid energy machine and the housing is designed as a pot spiral housing.
  • the pot spiral housing and the spiral insert cooperate in such a way that a circumferentially through the combination of the two components spirally widening collection channel for emerging from an impeller or impeller process fluid results, which finally empties into an outlet nozzle. This collecting spiral ensures a particularly efficient pressure build-up of the process fluid emerging from the impeller through a loss-free delay.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an axial longitudinal section of a portion of a fluid energy machine TFEM, here a turbofluid energy machine, with a housing CAS, which comprises a housing shell CAC, a housing cover COV and an annular insert CSP.
  • the housing cover COV closes a housing opening COP axially frontally of the housing jacket CAC.
  • an impeller IMP of a rotor R is rotatably arranged along an axis of rotation X.
  • the housing cover COV has an inlet opening IN, is sucked axially by the process fluid PF from the impeller IMP, which emerges radially from the impeller IMP and is collected in a collecting spiral SP of the annular insert CSP before leaving the housing CAS.
  • the process fluid PF In the interior IC of the housing CAS, there is essentially the maximum pressure of the process fluid PF.
  • FIG. 2 illustrated in detail seal assembly of the housing CAS according to the invention seals this pressure of the process fluid PF from the environment.
  • the annular insert CSP together with the housing jacket CAC and the housing cover COV, forms a gap ISP extending in the circumferential direction CD.
  • a monitoring line ISC the gap ISP is connected to a monitoring device MU with sensors SEN.
  • the monitoring device MU sends a signal to a central controller CU, the signal indicating that there is a leakage of the process fluid PF. This leakage is visually and / or acoustically brought to the attention of an operator by means of a common Human Machine Interface (HMI).
  • HMI Human Machine Interface
  • the gap ISP is sealed by means of a first seal S1, a second seal S2 and a third seal S3.
  • first seal S1 located in a first sealing groove SG1 seals the gap ISP such that an adjacent gap between the housing cover COV and the housing jacket CAC is sealed.
  • the second seal S2 arranged in a second sealing groove SG2 of the annular insert CSP seals an adjacent gap between the Housing casing CAS and the annular insert CSP from.
  • the arrangement according to the invention enables a particularly space-saving construction, because the monitored intermediate space ISP has been displaced radially inwards from the area exclusively between the annular insert CSP and the housing jacket CAC. In this way, it is possible that the first seal S1 is also offset radially inward. Thus, the pitch of the first seal radially inward below the pitch circle for mounting screws SR for the cover COV on the housing shell CAC can be chosen smaller.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Gehäuse einer Fluidenergiemaschine, die sich entlang einer Längsachse erstreckt, umfassend einen Gehäusemantel, der sich axial erstreckt, einen Gehäusedeckel zum Verschließen einer axial stirnseitigen Gehäuseöffnung des Gehäusemantels, einen ringförmigen Einsatz, der sich in dem Gehäuse in einer Umfangsrichtung erstreckt, und an dem Gehäusemantel und an dem Gehäusedeckel anliegt, eine erste Dichtung zwischen dem Gehäusedeckel und dem Gehäusemantel.The invention relates to a housing of a fluid energy machine, which extends along a longitudinal axis comprising a housing shell extending axially, a housing cover for closing an axially front housing opening of the housing shell, an annular insert extending in the housing in a circumferential direction, and rests against the housing shell and on the housing cover, a first seal between the housing cover and the housing shell.

Alle Richtungsangaben, wie axial, radial, Umfangsrichtung beziehen sich - wenn nicht anders angegeben - auf die Längsachse des Gehäuses. Im Falle der Turbofluidenergiemaschine ist die Längsachse im Wesentlichen koinzident mit der Rotationsachse eines die einzelnen Impellers bzw. Laufräder tragenden Rotors. Ein Versatz der Rotationsachse und der Gehäuselängsachse bei einer Turbofluidenergiemaschine ergibt sich in der Regel aus der Ausrichtung der beiden Bauteile zueinander.All directions, such as axial, radial, circumferential direction relate - unless otherwise stated - on the longitudinal axis of the housing. In the case of the turbofluid energy machine, the longitudinal axis is substantially coincident with the axis of rotation of a rotor carrying the individual impeller or wheels. An offset of the axis of rotation and the housing longitudinal axis in a turbofluid energy machine usually results from the alignment of the two components to each other.

Derartige Gehäuse sind bereits aus der Patentschrift DE 10 2012 223 462 B3 bekannt.
Aus der DE 42 25 687 A1 ist bereits ein Spiralnutring bekannt in Entsprechung zu dem ringförmigen Einsatz im Gattungsbegriff des Hauptanspruchs.Such housing are already in the patent DE 10 2012 223 462 B3 known.
From the DE 42 25 687 A1 is already a Spiralnutring known in accordance with the annular insert in the preamble of the main claim.

Aus der JP 55007914 ist eine Anordnung mit einem mehrstufigen Zentrifugalverdichter bekannt, bei dem vorgesehen ist, dass in den Rückführstufen sich ansammelnde Flüssigkeit bei Bedarf ausgeblasen werden kann mittels eingedüstem Erdgas. Diese entsprechende Ausblaseleitung ist durch einen stirnseitigen Deckel in einen inneren Gehäusering hineingeführt und dort fortgesetzt, wobei zum Zwecke der Abdichtung dieser Leitungsführung zwischen dem inneren Gehäusering und dem Deckel Dichtungen vorgesehen sind.From the JP 55007914 an arrangement with a multi-stage centrifugal compressor is known in which it is provided that in the recycling stages accumulating liquid can be blown out if necessary by means of injected natural gas. This corresponding blow-out is guided by an end cover in an inner housing ring and continued there, wherein for the purpose of sealing this wiring are provided between the inner housing ring and the lid seals.

Aus der EP 08400016 A2 ist eine Turbomaschine bekannt, bei der Zuströmung und Abströmung gegeneinander abgedichtet sind mittels einer in Umfangsrichtung sich erstreckenden Dichtung zwischen einem Innengehäuse und einem Außengehäuse und wobei stirnseitige Öffnungsverschlüsse gegenüber dem Gehäuse ebenfalls mittels statischer Dichtungen abgedichtet sind. Die entsprechenden Zu- und Abströmungskammern sind mit dem Prozessfluid planmäßig gefüllt und werden nicht auf eine Leckage hin überwacht.From the EP 08400016 A2 a turbomachine is known, are sealed against each other in the inflow and outflow by means of a circumferentially extending seal between an inner housing and an outer housing and wherein frontal opening closures are sealed relative to the housing also by means of static seals. The corresponding inflow and outflow chambers are filled as planned with the process fluid and are not monitored for leakage.

Aus der DE 4011476 A1 ist eine Topfgehäusepumpe bekannt, die eine Abdichtung zu einem stirnseitigen Deckel hin aufweist.From the DE 4011476 A1 is a pot housing pump is known which has a seal to a front cover.

Die DE 102012223462 B3 beschäftigt sich mit einer Anordnung gemäß dem Oberbegriff der Erfindung. Eine Dichtungsanordnung mit einer überwachten Zwischenkammer ist hierbei zwischen zwei Dichtungen vorgesehen, wobei die beiden Dichtungen zwischen dem Außengehäuse und einem stirnseitigen Deckel angeordnet sind. Die Anordnung ist radial raumgreifend und muss so ausgebildet sein, dass der radiale Bauraum der Außengehäusewandstärke von der Dichtungsanordnung nicht überschritten wird.The DE 102012223462 B3 deals with an arrangement according to the preamble of the invention. A seal assembly with a monitored intermediate chamber is in this case provided between two seals, wherein the two seals are arranged between the outer housing and a front-side cover. The arrangement is radially expansive and must be designed so that the radial space of the outer housing wall thickness is not exceeded by the seal assembly.

Insbesondere in dem Bereich von Radialturboverdichtern und Radialturboexpandern ist der Einsatz derartiger Gehäuse üblich.Especially in the field of radial turbo compressors and radial turbo expanders, the use of such housings is common.

In der Begriffswelt dieser Patentanmeldung bedeutet das Wort "Gehäusemantel" eine bevorzugt im Wesentlichen zylindrische Gehäuseform entlang einer Längsachse, die auf mindestens einer axialen Seite einen lösbar befestigten Deckel aufweist und auf der anderen Seite entweder geschlossen ausgebildet ist - also einstückig mit einem verschließenden stirnseitigen Deckel - oder ebenfalls einen lösbar befestigten axial stirnseitigen Deckel aufweist. Bevorzugt weist das Gehäuse auf mindestens einer axialen stirnseitigen Seite eine Durchführung für eine Welle auf, die Drehmomente auf oder von dem Läufer einer Fluidenergiemaschine zu dem Gehäuse nach der Erfindung überträgt. Diese Welle weist in der Regel eine Drehachse auf, die im Wesentlichen mit der Gehäuselängsachse übereinstimmt. Eine bevorzugte Anwendung der Erfindung liegt im Bereich der radialen Fluidenergiemaschinen, wobei grundsätzlich auch eine Anwendung im Bereich der axialen Fluidenergiemaschinen denkbar ist.In the terminology of this patent application, the word "housing shell" means a preferably substantially cylindrical housing shape along a longitudinal axis, which has a releasably secured lid on at least one axial side and is formed either closed on the other side - that is integrally with a closing frontal lid - or also has a releasably secured axially frontal lid. Preferably, the housing has at least one axial end face on a passage for a shaft which transmits torques to or from the rotor of a fluid energy machine to the housing according to the invention. As a rule, this shaft has an axis of rotation which substantially coincides with the housing longitudinal axis. A preferred application of the invention is in the field of radial fluid energy machines, wherein in principle also an application in the field of axial fluid energy machines is conceivable.

Im Einzelnen beschäftigt sich die Erfindung mit der statischen Abdichtung des Gehäusedeckels zu dem Gehäusemantel unter Einsatz eines zusätzlichen ringförmigen Einsatzes. Insbesondere bei der Verdichtung oder Expansion von toxischen oder explosiven oder auf andere Weise gefährlichen Fluiden, ist eine zuverlässige Abdichtung des Deckels zu dem Gehäusemantel aus Sicherheitsgründen betriebsnotwendig.In detail, the invention deals with the static sealing of the housing cover to the housing shell using an additional annular insert. In particular, in the compaction or expansion of toxic or explosive or otherwise dangerous fluids, a reliable sealing of the cover to the housing shell for safety is operationally necessary.

Um ein etwaiges Versagen der Dichtung zwischen dem Gehäusemantel und dem Deckel zu registrieren, ist es bekannt, zwischen einem Inneren des Gehäuses mit einem potentiell riskanten Prozessfluid und der Umgebung in Reihenanordnung z mindestens einer Dichtung, die den Deckel abdichtet, einen Zwischenraum vorzusehen, der auf einen Austritt des Prozessgases überwacht wird. Bevorzugt ist dieser Zwischenraum auch gegenüber der Umgebung abgedichtet, so dass im Falle des Defektes der inneren Dichtung kein potentiell gefährliches Prozessgas in die Umgebung austreten kann und eine Überwachung des Zwischenraumes die Notwendigkeit einer Auswechselung der inneren Dichtung anzeigt.In order to register any failure of the seal between the housing shell and the cover, it is known to provide a gap between an interior of the housing with a potentially hazardous process fluid and the vicinity of at least one seal sealing the cover an exit of the process gas is monitored. Preferably, this gap is also sealed from the environment, so that in the case of the defect of the inner seal no potentially dangerous process gas can escape into the environment and monitoring the gap indicates the need for replacement of the inner seal.

Aus der oben erwähnten DE 10 2012 223 462 B3 ist es bereits bekannt, radialen Bauraum einzusparen, indem neben einem radialen Versatz zwischen einer inneren Dichtung, die den Zwischenraum zu dem Inneren der Maschine abdichtet und einer äußeren Dichtung, die den Zwischenraum, der überwacht wird, gegenüber der Umgebung abdichtet, auch ein Axialversatz vorgesehen wird. Dadurch wird der Zwischenraum hinreichend groß bei kleiner radialer Ausdehnung, indem die erforderliche Größe des Zwischenraumes nicht nur durch radialen Bauraum erreicht wird, sondern auch die Möglichkeit axialen Bauraums ausgenutzt wird.From the above DE 10 2012 223 462 B3 It is already known to conserve radial space by providing an axial offset in addition to a radial offset between an inner seal which seals the gap to the interior of the machine and an outer seal which seals the gap being monitored from the environment becomes. As a result, the gap is sufficiently large at a small radial extent, by the required size of the gap is achieved not only by radial space, but also the possibility of axial space is exploited.

Dennoch erfordert die bekannte Dichtungsanordnung mehr radialen Bauraum als gewünscht.Nevertheless, the known sealing arrangement requires more radial space than desired.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Dichtungsanordnung der eingangs genannten Art derart fortzubilden, dass eine weitere Einsparung radialen Bauraums möglich ist.It is therefore an object of the invention to develop a seal assembly of the type mentioned in such a way that a further saving of radial space is possible.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt mittels eines Gehäuses der eingangs genannten Art mit den zusätzlichen Merkmalen des kennzeichnenden Teiles des Anspruchs 1. Die jeweils rückbezogenen Unteransprüche beinhalten vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.The achievement of this object is achieved by means of a housing of the type mentioned above with the additional features of the characterizing part of claim 1. The respective dependent claims contain advantageous developments of the invention.

Alle Richtungsangaben, wie axial, radial, Umfangsrichtung beziehen sich - wenn nicht anders angegeben - auf die Längsachse des Gehäuses. Im Falle der Turbofluidenergiemaschine ist die Längsachse im Wesentlichen koinzident mit der Rotationsachse eines einzelnen Impellers tragenden Rotors.All directions, such as axial, radial, circumferential direction relate - unless otherwise stated - on the longitudinal axis of the housing. In the case of the turbofluid energy machine, the longitudinal axis is substantially coincident with the axis of rotation of a single impeller bearing rotor.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass abgedichtet von der ersten Dichtung, der zweiten Dichtung und der dritten Dichtung ein abgedichteter Zwischenraum von dem Gehäusemantel, Gehäusedeckel und dem ringförmigen Einsatz abgegrenzt wird und dieser abgedichtete Zwischenraum an einer Überwachungsleitung angeschlossen ist. Die Überwachungsleitung schließt den abgedichteten Zwischenraum an eine Überwachung an, die im Falle der Detektion von Prozessfluid in dem Zwischenraum ein Signal an eine Steuerung sendet, die ggf. anzeigt, dass eine Undichtigkeit vorliegt. Für den Fall, dass die Undichtigkeit detektiert worden ist, ist es sinnvoll, zumindest bei dem nächsten planmäßigen Stillstand der Maschine, die defekte Dichtung auszuwechseln. Im Falle eines potentiell gefährlichen Prozessfluids ist es zu bevorzugen, die Detektion einer Leckage zum Anlass zu nehmen, die Fluidenergiemaschine direkt zum Stillstand zu bringen und den Defekt sofort zu reparieren bevor ein Weiterbetrieb stattfindet.An advantageous development of the invention provides that, sealed from the first seal, the second seal and the third seal, a sealed gap is delimited from the housing shell, housing cover and the annular insert and this sealed gap is connected to a monitoring line. The monitor line connects the sealed gap to a monitor that, in the event of detection of process fluid in the gap, sends a signal to a controller that may indicate that there is a leak. In the event that the leak has been detected, it makes sense, at least at the next scheduled shutdown of the machine to replace the defective seal. In the case of a potentially hazardous process fluid, it is preferable to use the detection to take a leak, to bring the fluid energy machine to a standstill and repair the defect immediately before further operation takes place.

Zweckmäßig sind eine Umfangsnut für die erste Dichtung in dem Gehäusedeckel vorgesehen und in dem Gehäusedeckel eine zweite Umfangsnut für die zweite Dichtung angeordnet. Diese Dichtungen können z.B. als O-Ringdichtung ausgeführt sein. Eine andere Art der Dichtungsausführung ist beispielsweise eine sogenannte Cup-Seal-Dichtung. Bei einem derartigen Dichtungstyp kommt es zu einer Aufweitung der Dichtung wenn in Abdichtungsrichtung ein entsprechender Differenzdruck aufgebracht wird. Die Anlagekraft der Dichtungsflanken ist bei der sogenannten Cup-Seal-Dichtung abhängig von dem anliegenden Differenzdruck über die Dichtung.Suitably, a circumferential groove for the first seal in the housing cover are provided and arranged in the housing cover a second circumferential groove for the second seal. These seals may e.g. be designed as an O-ring seal. Another type of seal design, for example, a so-called cup seal seal. In such a type of seal there is a widening of the seal when a corresponding differential pressure is applied in the sealing direction. The contact force of the sealing flanks in the so-called cup-seal seal depends on the applied differential pressure across the seal.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Einsatz eine dritte Umfangsnut aufweist, in der sich die dritte Dichtung befindet.A further advantageous development of the invention provides that the insert has a third circumferential groove in which the third seal is located.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die erste Umfangsnut und/oder die zweite Umfangsnut mit ihrer Nutöffnung in axiale Richtung weisen. Eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung sieht vor, dass die dritte Umfangsnut für die dritte Dichtung in radiale Richtung weist.A further advantageous development of the invention provides that the first circumferential groove and / or the second circumferential groove point with its slot opening in the axial direction. A further advantageous embodiment provides that the third circumferential groove for the third seal has in the radial direction.

Die Gehäuse der erfindungsgemäßen Art finden bevorzugt als sogenannte Topfgehäuse Anwendung, bei denen keine horizontale Teilfuge des Gehäuses vorgesehen ist und das Gehäuse axial stirnseitig auf mindestens einer axialen Seite mittels eines Deckels verschlossen ist. Die andere axiale Stirnseite ist, damit der Verdichter bzw. Expander die gewünschte Funktionsweise aufweist, axial stirnseitig ebenfalls verschlossen. Der Gehäusedeckel ist hierbei lösbar an dem Gehäusemantel befestigt. Auf der anderen axialen Stirnseite kann ebenfalls ein lösbar an dem Gehäusemantel befestigter Gehäusedeckel vorgesehen sein. Alternativ weist das Gehäuse auf dieser axialen Stirnseite eine einstückige Ausbildung der stirnseitig verschließenden Gehäuseseite bzw. des Gehäusedeckels mit dem Gehäusemantel auf. Der Gehäusemantel kann als Schmiedebauteil, Schweißkonstruktion oder als Gussbauteil ausgebildet sein, insbesondere, wenn der Gehäusemantel einstückig mit dem nicht lösbar an dem Gehäusemantel befestigten Gehäusedeckel ausgebildet ist.The housings of the type according to the invention are preferably used as so-called pot housings in which no horizontal parting line of the housing is provided and the housing is axially closed on at least one axial side by means of a cover. The other axial end face is, so that the compressor or expander has the desired function, axially frontally also closed. The housing cover is in this case releasably secured to the housing shell. On the other axial end may also be provided a detachably secured to the housing shell housing cover. Alternatively, the housing has on this axial end face an integral formation of the front side occluding Housing side and the housing cover with the housing shell on. The housing jacket can be designed as a forged component, welded construction or as a cast component, in particular if the housing jacket is formed integrally with the housing cover which is not detachably fastened to the housing jacket.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Einsatz in dem Gehäusemantel ein Spiraleinsatz einer Turbofluidenergiemaschine ist und das Gehäuse als ein Topfspiralgehäuse ausgebildet ist. Bei dieser bevorzugten Ausbildung der Erfindung wirken das Topfspiralgehäuse und der Spiraleinsatz derart zusammen, dass ein sich in Umfangsrichtung durch die Kombination der beiden Bauteile sich spiralartig aufweitender Sammelkanal für aus einem Impeller bzw. Laufrad austretendes Prozessfluid ergibt, der schließlich in einen Austrittsstutzen mündet. Diese Sammelspirale sorgt für einen besonders effizienten Druckaufbau des aus dem Laufrad austretenden Prozessfluid durch eine möglichst verlustfreie Verzögerung.A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the insert in the housing jacket is a spiral insert of a turbofluid energy machine and the housing is designed as a pot spiral housing. In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the pot spiral housing and the spiral insert cooperate in such a way that a circumferentially through the combination of the two components spirally widening collection channel for emerging from an impeller or impeller process fluid results, which finally empties into an outlet nozzle. This collecting spiral ensures a particularly efficient pressure build-up of the process fluid emerging from the impeller through a loss-free delay.

Im Folgenden ist die Erfindung anhand eines speziellen Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf schematische Darstellungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen axialen Längsschnitt durch einen Teil einer Turbofluidenergiemaschine,
Figur 2
eine Detaildarstellung eines Ausschnitts aus der Figur 1 (dort angegeben mit II).
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a specific embodiment with reference to schematic representations. Show it:
FIG. 1
an axial longitudinal section through a part of a turbofluid energy machine,
FIG. 2
a detailed representation of a section of the FIG. 1 (indicated there with II).

Figur 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines axialen Längsschnitts eines Teiles einer Fluidenergiemaschine TFEM, hier einer Turbofluidenergiemaschine, mit einem Gehäuse CAS, das ein Gehäusemantel CAC, einen Gehäusedeckel COV und einen ringförmigen Einsatz CSP umfasst. Der Gehäusedeckel COV verschließt eine Gehäuseöffnung COP axial stirnseitig des Gehäusemantels CAC. In dem Gehäuse CAS ist ein Laufrad IMP eines Rotors R entlang einer Rotationsachse X drehbar angeordnet. Auf der von dem Gehäusedeckel COV abgewandten axialen Stirnseite des Gehäuse CAS ist eine axiale Öffnung vorgesehen, durch die der Rotor R mittels einer Welle SH des Rotors R zur Übertragung eines Drehmomentes herausgeführt ist. FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an axial longitudinal section of a portion of a fluid energy machine TFEM, here a turbofluid energy machine, with a housing CAS, which comprises a housing shell CAC, a housing cover COV and an annular insert CSP. The housing cover COV closes a housing opening COP axially frontally of the housing jacket CAC. In the housing CAS, an impeller IMP of a rotor R is rotatably arranged along an axis of rotation X. On the side facing away from the housing cover COV axial end face of the housing CAS an axial opening is provided, through which the rotor R is led out by means of a shaft SH of the rotor R for transmitting a torque.

Der Gehäusedeckel COV weist eine Eintrittsöffnung IN auf, durch die Prozessfluid PF von dem Laufrad IMP axial angesaugt wird, welches radial aus dem Laufrad IMP austritt und in einer Sammelspirale SP des ringförmigen Einsatzes CSP vor einem Austritt aus dem Gehäuse CAS gesammelt wird. Im Inneren IC des Gehäuses CAS herrscht im Wesentlichen der maximale Druck des Prozessfluids PF.The housing cover COV has an inlet opening IN, is sucked axially by the process fluid PF from the impeller IMP, which emerges radially from the impeller IMP and is collected in a collecting spiral SP of the annular insert CSP before leaving the housing CAS. In the interior IC of the housing CAS, there is essentially the maximum pressure of the process fluid PF.

Die in der Figur 2 im Detail dargestellte Dichtungsanordnung des Gehäuses CAS nach der Erfindung dichtet diesen Druck des Prozessfluids PF gegenüber der Umgebung ab.The in the FIG. 2 illustrated in detail seal assembly of the housing CAS according to the invention seals this pressure of the process fluid PF from the environment.

Der ringförmige Einsatz CSP bildet gemeinsam mit dem Gehäusemantel CAC und dem Gehäusedeckel COV einen sich in Umfangsrichtung CD erstreckenden Zwischenraum ISP. Mittels einer Überwachungsleitung ISC ist der Zwischenraum ISP an eine Überwachungsvorrichtung MU mit Sensoren SEN angeschlossen. Im Falle, dass Prozessfluid PF in dem Zwischenraum ISP detektiert wird, leitet die Überwachungsvorrichtung MU ein Signal an eine zentrale Steuerung CU, wobei das Signal angibt, dass eine Leckage des Prozessfluids PF vorliegt. Diese Leckage wird einem Bedienpersonal optisch und/oder akustisch zur Kenntnis gebracht mittels eines gängigen Human-Machine-Interface (HMI).The annular insert CSP, together with the housing jacket CAC and the housing cover COV, forms a gap ISP extending in the circumferential direction CD. By means of a monitoring line ISC the gap ISP is connected to a monitoring device MU with sensors SEN. In the event that process fluid PF is detected in the gap ISP, the monitoring device MU sends a signal to a central controller CU, the signal indicating that there is a leakage of the process fluid PF. This leakage is visually and / or acoustically brought to the attention of an operator by means of a common Human Machine Interface (HMI).

Der Zwischenraum ISP ist mittels einer ersten Dichtung S1, einer zweiten Dichtung S2 und einer dritten Dichtung S3 abgedichtet. Hierbei dichtet die in einer ersten Dichtnut SG1 befindliche erste Dichtung S1 den Zwischenraum ISP derart ab, dass ein angrenzender Spalt zwischen dem Gehäusedeckel COV und dem Gehäusemantel CAC gedichtet wird. Die zweite Dichtung S2 in einer zweiten Dichtnut SG2 des ringförmigen Einsatzes CSP angeordnet dichtet einen angrenzenden Spalt zwischen dem Gehäusemantel CAS und dem ringförmigen Einsatz CSP ab. Die dritte Dichtung S3, die sich in einer dritten Dichtnut SG3 des Gehäusedeckels COV befindet, dichtet einen angrenzenden Spalt zwischen dem ringförmigen Einsatz CSP und dem Gehäusedeckel COV ab. Im Falle des Versagens der dritten Dichtung S3 oder der zweiten Dichtung S2 dringt Prozessfluid PF in den Zwischenraum ISP ein, so dass die Überwachungseinheit MU eine Leckage detektiert. Die mittels der zentralen Steuerung CU durch Anzeigegeräte HMI angezeigte Leckage fordert das Bedienpersonal der Maschine dazu auf, die defekte Dichtung auszutauschen bzw. die Undichtigkeit zu reparieren.The gap ISP is sealed by means of a first seal S1, a second seal S2 and a third seal S3. Here, the first seal S1 located in a first sealing groove SG1 seals the gap ISP such that an adjacent gap between the housing cover COV and the housing jacket CAC is sealed. The second seal S2 arranged in a second sealing groove SG2 of the annular insert CSP seals an adjacent gap between the Housing casing CAS and the annular insert CSP from. The third seal S3, which is located in a third sealing groove SG3 of the housing cover COV, seals off an adjacent gap between the annular insert CSP and the housing cover COV. In the event of failure of the third seal S3 or the second seal S2 process fluid PF penetrates into the gap ISP, so that the monitoring unit MU detects a leak. The leak indicated by the central control unit CU by HMI indicators prompts the operator of the machine to replace the defective seal or to repair the leak.

Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung ermöglicht eine radial besonders platzsparende Bauweise, weil der überwachte Zwischenraum ISP aus dem Bereich ausschließlich zwischen dem ringförmigen Einsatz CSP und dem Gehäusemantel CAC radial nach innen verlagert worden ist. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, dass die erste Dichtung S1 ebenfalls nach radial innen versetzt wird. Somit kann der ersten Dichtung nach radial innen nachfolgend auch der Teilkreis für Befestigungsschrauben SR für den Deckel COV an dem Gehäusemantel CAC kleiner gewählt werden.The arrangement according to the invention enables a particularly space-saving construction, because the monitored intermediate space ISP has been displaced radially inwards from the area exclusively between the annular insert CSP and the housing jacket CAC. In this way, it is possible that the first seal S1 is also offset radially inward. Thus, the pitch of the first seal radially inward below the pitch circle for mounting screws SR for the cover COV on the housing shell CAC can be chosen smaller.

Claims (4)

  1. Housing (CAS) of a fluid energy machine (TFEM),
    which extends along a longitudinal axis (X),
    comprising:
    - a housing casing (CAC), which extends axially,
    - a housing cover (COV) for closing a housing (CAS) opening (COP) at the axial end face of the housing casing (CAC),
    - an annular insert (CSP), which extends in a circumferential direction (CD) in the housing (CAS) and bears against the housing casing (CAC) and against the housing cover (COV),
    - a first seal (S1) between the housing cover (COV) and the housing casing (CAC),
    characterized by
    - a second seal (S2), between the housing casing (CAC) and the annular insert (CSP), and
    - a third seal (S3) between the housing cover (COV) and the annular insert (CSP), the housing (CAS) comprising a sealed intermediate space (ISP), which is sealed by the first seal (S1), the second seal (S2) and the third seal (S3) and is delimited by the housing casing (CAC), the housing cover (COV) and the annular insert (CSP) and this intermediate space (ISP) being connected to a monitoring line (ISC), which connects the intermediate space (ISP) to a monitoring unit (MU), which sends a signal to a controller (CU) if a process fluid (PF) enters the intermediate space (ISP) from an interior (IC) of the housing (CAS).
  2. Housing (CAS) according to Claim 1,
    the housing cover (COV) having a first circumferential groove (SG1), in which the first seal (S1) is arranged,
    and the housing cover (COV) having a second circumferential groove (SG2), in which the second seal (S2) is arranged.
  3. Housing (CAS) according to at least one of the preceding Claims 1 and 2,
    the annular insert (CSP) having a third circumferential groove (SG3), in which the third seal (S3) is arranged.
  4. Housing (CAS) according to at least one of the preceding Claims 1 to 3,
    the housing (CAS) being a barrel volute housing and the annular insert (CSP) being a spiral insert of a turbo fluid energy machine.
EP15702715.2A 2014-02-26 2015-01-28 Housing of a fluid energy machine Active EP3084229B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014203466.3A DE102014203466B4 (en) 2014-02-26 2014-02-26 Housing of a fluid energy machine
PCT/EP2015/051640 WO2015128144A1 (en) 2014-02-26 2015-01-28 Housing of a fluid energy machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3084229A1 EP3084229A1 (en) 2016-10-26
EP3084229B1 true EP3084229B1 (en) 2018-10-03

Family

ID=52450087

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15702715.2A Active EP3084229B1 (en) 2014-02-26 2015-01-28 Housing of a fluid energy machine

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US10208761B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3084229B1 (en)
CN (1) CN106062377B (en)
DE (1) DE102014203466B4 (en)
RU (1) RU2640878C1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015128144A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018215280B4 (en) 2018-09-07 2023-03-16 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement of a fluid-carrying element directly or indirectly on a housing of a compressor

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FR2044199A5 (en) * 1969-05-12 1971-02-19 Alsacienne Atom Seal ring for high pressure high capacity - vessel
JPS557914A (en) * 1978-06-30 1980-01-21 Hitachi Ltd Single-shaft multi-stage centrifugal compressor
DE3045855A1 (en) * 1980-12-05 1982-07-08 Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Ag Hamburg Und Kiel, 2300 Kiel SEALING ARRANGEMENT FOR ROTATING SHAFTS
US4457498A (en) * 1982-04-27 1984-07-03 Pauliukonis Richard S Force balanced die cylinders
DE4011476C2 (en) 1990-04-09 1995-01-05 Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag Insert for pot housing pump
DE4225687A1 (en) 1992-02-28 1994-02-10 Albrecht Dipl Ing Kayser Spiral groove, radial shaft sealing ring - has spiral groove ring with axial and radial web with elastomeric sleeve
DE4227249C2 (en) 1992-08-18 1997-02-06 Klaus Union Armaturen Pot pump
US5762342A (en) * 1996-05-03 1998-06-09 Durametallic Corporation Mechanical seal with controller for regulating face contact pressure
EP0840016B1 (en) * 1996-10-29 2003-02-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbomachine, in particular a barrel-type compressor
DE102008025249A1 (en) * 2008-05-27 2009-12-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Collecting room and process for production
DE102009028652A1 (en) * 2009-08-19 2011-02-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Spring-elastic axial seal
US8869598B2 (en) * 2010-08-11 2014-10-28 General Electric Company Methods and systems for monitoring a seal assembly
DE102010041208B4 (en) 2010-09-22 2013-05-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement with a seal, seal and turbo compressor
DE102011108273A1 (en) * 2011-07-21 2013-01-24 Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Gmbh Sealing arrangement for sealing e.g. pressure tank against closing body for closing opening of pressure tank, has flexible sealing body arranged at carrier part that comprises pressure-effective surface in direction of component
DE102012223462B3 (en) 2012-12-17 2013-08-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Housing of fluid flow machine e.g. compressor, has seal that is arranged to seal the common contact surface in which the sealing elements are arranged, and sealing elements that are arranged axially relative to each other

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US10208761B2 (en) 2019-02-19
CN106062377B (en) 2019-03-15
DE102014203466B4 (en) 2017-03-30
CN106062377A (en) 2016-10-26
WO2015128144A1 (en) 2015-09-03
EP3084229A1 (en) 2016-10-26
DE102014203466A1 (en) 2015-08-27
RU2640878C1 (en) 2018-01-12
US20170058910A1 (en) 2017-03-02

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