EP3083113B1 - A method for manufacturing a fuel nozzle blank with a metallic cladding - Google Patents

A method for manufacturing a fuel nozzle blank with a metallic cladding Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3083113B1
EP3083113B1 EP14800063.1A EP14800063A EP3083113B1 EP 3083113 B1 EP3083113 B1 EP 3083113B1 EP 14800063 A EP14800063 A EP 14800063A EP 3083113 B1 EP3083113 B1 EP 3083113B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centering means
capsule
hollow body
core
bottom wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP14800063.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3083113A1 (en
Inventor
Tomas Berglund
Martin ÖSTLUND
Tommy Lindgren
Fredrik Johansson
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Sandvik Intellectual Property AB
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Sandvik Intellectual Property AB
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Priority to EP14800063.1A priority Critical patent/EP3083113B1/en
Publication of EP3083113A1 publication Critical patent/EP3083113A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3083113B1 publication Critical patent/EP3083113B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
    • B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/008—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression characterised by the composition
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a metallic body having a cladding according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Hot Isostatic Pressing is a conventional method for manufacturing components of metallic material. The method allows for manufacturing of complex components in near-net shape and also for integration of different materials in the same product.
  • HIP Hot Isostatic Pressing
  • a steel capsule which defines the final shape of the component is filled with metallic powder and thereafter subjected to high temperature and high pressure so that the particles of the metallic powder bond into a solid component.
  • Hot Isostatic Pressing may be used to apply claddings of metallic materials onto pre-manufactured cores.
  • WO2004/030850A1 describes a method for manufacturing fuel valve nozzles. According to the method, a metallic tube section is arranged to form a space around a pre-forged nozzle core. The space is filled with metallic powder and the arrangement is enclosed in a capsule and subjected to HIP so that the metallic powder, the core and the tube section bond into a solid component.
  • a similar method for manufacturing a valve nozzle is described in Applicants European Patent Application EP12173411 .
  • This method comprises the steps of forming a solid blank in a metal machining operation into a hollow body which comprises a bottom wall from which a core extends and a lateral wall which encloses a space around core.
  • the space is filled with metal cladding material and closed by an upper wall and subsequently subjected to HIP.
  • the solid components are typically subjected to machining in order to expose the cladding on the core.
  • machining is typically performed by turning or milling.
  • a further object of the present invention is to achieve a cost effective method for manufacturing of metallic components having a cladding.
  • Yet a further object of the present invention is to present a method for manufacturing of metallic component having a cladding whereby the method can be performed in short time and with little effort.
  • At least one of the above objects is achieved by a method for manufacturing a metallic body 50 having a core 5 and metallic cladding 60, comprising the following steps:
  • the centering means in the hollow body prior to the step of Hot Isostatic Pressing it is possible to accurately center the HIP:ed solid body in a metal machining apparatus with respect to the center of core of the solid body, even if the solid body is deformed during HIP.
  • the thickness of the cladding around the core may be held within a very narrow tolerance range.
  • Figure 8 shows schematically a longitudinal cross-section of a solid HIP:ed component 20 comprising a hollow body 2 comprising a bottom wall 3, an upper wall 9 and a core 5.
  • the core 5 is embedded in a cladding material 8.
  • a capsule 10 surrounds the solid body.
  • Centering means 11, 12 in the form of a protruding truncated cone and a truncated cone recess are provided in the bottom and upper walls 3, 9.
  • Figure 8 indicates schematically the deformation that has occurred during the HIP process. This deformation is to a certain extent often anisotropic and in particularly in the case of elongated cylindrical components, the periphery of the HIP:ed body may be unevenly deformed.
  • figure 8 is schematic and that the anisotropic nature of the deformation is strongly exaggerated for illustrative reason. In reality the deformation is also much more complicated.
  • the centering means 11 and 12 are applied prior to HIP in the center of the bottom and upper walls 3, 9 of the hollow body (position XI).
  • position XI the periphery of the capsule 10 and the solid body 20 is deformed anisotropic in radial direction as indicated in figure 8 .
  • the positions of the centering means 11, 12 are not affected by the deformation.
  • the solid body may be centered along the line X1 by corresponding centers in the metal machining apparatus. The solid body 2 will then be centered with respect to the true center of the core 5 and the machining operation will yield a cladding with a very small thickness variation around the core.
  • the end of the solid body 20 is typically gripped by a chuck and the solid body will therefore be centered with respect to the center of the chuck.
  • the center of the chuck will not be aligned with the center of the core of the pre-manufactured body. Instead, the solid body will be centered along the line X2 which is offset from the center of the core. When the solid body is machined the offset centering will cause the solid body to rotate eccentrically and cause the thickness to vary on the core.
  • FIG. 1 show schematically a side view of the hollow body 2 which is cylindrical and has a rotational symmetric form.
  • the hollow body 2 may be manufactured in tool steel, for example AISI H13/SS2242.
  • the hollow body 2 has a bottom wall 3 from which a core 5 and a lateral wall 4 extends.
  • the core 5 extends from the center of the bottom wall 3 and the lateral wall 4 extends from the periphery of the bottom wall.
  • the lateral wall 4 surrounds the core 5, i.e. is coaxial with the core 5, so that a space 6 is limited between the inner periphery of the wall 4 and the outer periphery of the core 5. In longitudinal direction the lateral wall 4 extends beyond the core 5.
  • the inner periphery of the lateral wall 4 thereby determines the limits of the space 6 in the radial direction and the extension of the lateral wall 4 in longitudinal direction determines the upper extension of the space 6.
  • the bottom wall 3 has an end surface 3a which is substantial flat so that the hollow body 2 may be placed upright on the bottom of a HIP capsule.
  • the hollow body 2 is manufactured by machining of a solid blank of metal, i.e. a single piece of metal for example a solid cylindrical bar of steel.
  • the solid steel blank is subjected to a metal machining operation, for example milling, in which metal is removed from the blank such that the core 5, the space 6 and the lateral wall 4 are formed in one end of the blank 1 and leaves the bottom wall 3 in the other end of the blank.
  • a metal machining operation for example milling
  • the hollow body 2 is formed by attaching a tube section 19 onto a preformed nozzle pre-body 1.
  • the nozzle pre-body 1 may for example be manufactured by forging or casting, possibly in combination with machining.
  • the nozzle-pre body comprises a core 5 and bottom wall 3.
  • the upper portion of the bottom wall 3 comprises a shoulder 3b which surrounds the base of the core 5 and provides thereby a support surface for the tube section 19.
  • the tube section 19 is arranged so that one of its end surfaces is supported on the shoulder 3a and so that the tube section surrounds the core 5 and extends in longitudinal direction beyond the core.
  • the tube section 19 is thereby a lateral wall 4 and forms a space 6 around the core 5.
  • the end of the tube section is welded to the bottom wall 3 in order to keep it in stable position during HIP.
  • This way of manufacturing the pre-manufactured body is fast and inexpensive.
  • the tube section 19 may be manufactured in construction steel, such as 1312 (E235).
  • the space 6 is filled with metallic cladding material 8 so that the core 5 is embedded in metallic cladding material.
  • the metallic cladding material 8 is a metal powder.
  • the advantage of using powder is that the space 6 thereby easily can be filled even if the core has a complicated form.
  • the metallic cladding material 8 has a different chemical composition than the core 5.
  • the present embodiment relates to a fuel injection nozzle and the purpose of the metallic cladding material is to provide a corrosion resistant layer on the core part of the nozzle. Therefore it is preferred that the metallic cladding material consists of a nickel-based alloy, for example NiCr49Nb1 or NiCr22W6A15 or NiCr22MoNbTi.
  • the metallic cladding material 8 may be compacted by stamping or shaking to ensure that all voids are filled in the hollow body (not shown).
  • the filled hollow body 2 is closed.
  • a top wall 9 arranged on top of the upper end of the lateral wall 4.
  • the top wall 9, see figure 3 comprises a lower side 9b, which is supported on the upper end of the lateral wall 4 and an upper side 9a which is directed away from the hollow body 2.
  • the upper wall 9 is designed such that it completely covers the upper end of the hollow body 2 and thereby forms a lid which closes the hollow body.
  • the upper wall 9 shall not be sealed to the upper end of the lateral wall.
  • the top wall 9 may be manufactured in construction steel, such as 1312 (E235).
  • the bottom wall 3 and the top wall 9 of the filled hollow body 2 are provided with centering means 11 and 12 for centering the final HIP:ed body in a metal machining apparatus.
  • Figure 4 show schematically the position of the centering means in the filled hollow body 2.
  • a first centering means 11 is provided in the end surface 3b of the bottom wall 3 and second centering means 12 is provided in the upper side 9a of the top wall 9.
  • centering means should be provided in a position of the hollow body which is not covered by cladding material, thus free of cladding material.
  • the centering means 11 and 12 are located in the center of the bottom and top wall so that they are aligned along a straight line 13 running through longitudinally through the center of the core 5 and through the both centering means 11, 12.
  • the centering means in both the bottom wall and the top wall of the hollow body are preferably designed to be engaged by corresponding centers in conventional metal machining apparatuses.
  • a "metal machining apparatus” also known as “metal machine tool” or “machine tool” may be a metal cutting machine such as a lathe or milling cutter.
  • the metal machining apparatus may also be an Electrical Discharge Machining device.
  • the metal machining apparatus is a lathe, i.e. an apparatus for machining steel by turning.
  • the centers for lathes are so called “male centers” in form of cones or truncated cones.
  • the centers in lathes are so called “female centers” in the form of a sleeve with a conically shaped opening a.k.a “tapered sleeve”.
  • Such centers are commercially available, for example from the company Rohm (ROHM GmbH, Heinrich-Röhm-Strorese 50, 89567 Sontheim/Brenz, Germany).
  • the centering means in the hollow body are in the form of "male centering means” or “female centering means”
  • the male centering means is a protruding element, for example in the form of a cone or a truncated cone.
  • the female centering means is a recess i.e. a bore.
  • the female centering means is in the form of a recess or a bore with the shape of a cone or a truncated cone.
  • the centering means in the hollow body are complementary with commercially available centers in lathes.
  • the male centering means could be a protruding element of any shape and the female centering means could be a recess of any shape.
  • a female centering means 11 in the form of a truncated cone shape recess is provided in the end surface 3a of the bottom wall 3. It is preferred to provide a female centering means in the lower end surface of the hollow body 2 since the hollow body 2 then may be placed steadily in upright position.
  • a male centering means 12, in the form of a protruding truncated cone is provided in the upper surface 9a of the upper wall 9.
  • a male centering means or a female centering means could be provided in the upper wall or in the bottom wall of the hollow body 2.
  • a male centering means could be provided in the bottom wall 3 and a female centering means in the upper wall 9 or vice versa. It is also possible to provide male centering means in both the bottom wall 3 and the upper wall 9. Or to provide female centering means in both the bottom wall 3 and the upper wall 9 of the hollow body 2.
  • Female centering means e.g. recesses or bores
  • Male centering means for example cones, or truncated cones
  • the hollow body is then placed in a capsule 10, see figure 5 .
  • the capsule is preferably a steel tube with a closed bottom end.
  • the steel tube is manufactured from low-carbon steel.
  • the length of the capsule is larger than the length of at least one hollow body.
  • a plurality of hollow bodies are typically HIP:ed simultaneously in one single capsule.
  • the plurality of hollow bodies could be any number, such as 2 or more, 5 or more or 10 or more.
  • the plurality of hollow bodies could be 2- 10 or 2- 20.
  • the length of the capsule is therefore larger than the total length of the plurality of the hollow bodies that shall be subjected to HIP, i.e. the sum of the length of the individual hollow bodies.
  • the wall thickness of the tubular capsule is large enough (normally at least 1 mm) to ensure that the interior of the capsule is sealed during HIP.
  • the inner diameter of the capsule is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the hollow bodies.
  • the ratio between the inner diameter of the capsule and the outer diameter of the hollow body defined as D capsule / D hollow body is in the range of 1 - 1.10.
  • the plurality of hollow bodies 2 are stapled on top of each other in the capsule 10.
  • the top and bottom surfaces 3a, 9a of the hollow bodies are provided with a coating which prevents metallurgical bonding.
  • the coating is boron nitride.
  • a cover piece 40 may be placed in the bottom of the capsule, prior to inserting the hollow bodies into the capsule.
  • the cover piece 40 comprises one surface 40a which is supported on the bottom of the capsule and one surface 40b which comprises a protruding element 40c which is adopted to fit into a female centering means.
  • the protruding element 40c is truncated cone.
  • the protruding element 40c of the cover piece 40 fills out the female centering means 11 of the first hollow body 2 in the capsule 10 and prevents the centering means 11 from deforming during HIP.
  • the cover piece is also provided with a boron nitride coating to prevent bonding.
  • Further filled and closed hollow bodies are subsequently inserted into the capsule and stapled on top of each other. Thereby is the male centering means 12 of one hollow body 2 received in the female centering means 11 of the next hollow body 2.
  • a second cover piece 40 is placed on top of the uppermost hollow body 2.
  • the second end piece comprises one surface 40b which comprises a recess 40d which is adopted to receive the male centering 12 means of the uppermost hollow body.
  • the opposite surface 40a is flat and directed towards the opening of the capsule.
  • the arrangement of the second cover piece 40 prevents that the male centering means of the uppermost hollow body from damaging the capsule during HIP. It is obvious that the design of the cover pieces may be adapted to the centering means in the hollow bodies.
  • the described arrangement of placing several hollow bodies in a capsule is of course a cost effective way of manufacturing large amounts of injection nozzles.
  • the described arrangement of hollow bodies with female centering means in bottom and male centering means in the top provides additional advantages. Firstly, this arrangement locks individual hollow bodies in the staple to each other and causes the staple of hollow bodies to remain relatively stable during HIP.
  • the female centering means in one hollow body is protected from deformation during HIP by the male centering means in another hollow body. Therefore only one cover piece is needed to protect the female centering means in the lower most hollow body. This reduces cost further.
  • the male centering means have the form of a truncated cone with an inclination angle of maximum 60°, preferably 40 - 60°.
  • the female centering means is a bore with the same shape of truncated cone, i.e. an inclination angle of maximum 60°, preferably 40 - 60°. Tests has shown that mating centering means with theses dimensions results in little or no deformation of the female centering means during HIP. Tests have also shown these dimensions prevents that the male centering means to get stuck in the female centering means during HIP. Thereby the hollow bodies may be easily separated from each other after HIP.
  • a lid 10b with an opening 10c is welded over the upper end of the capsule.
  • the capsule may comprise air which is has a negative impact on the bonding of the cladding to the core. Therefore the air is evacuated from the capsule 10 by drawing a vacuum in the capsule. The vacuum is drawn through the opening in the lid and subsequently the opening in the lid is welded shut so that the capsule is sealed.
  • the hollow body 2 is subjected to Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP), see figure 6 .
  • HIP Hot Isostatic Pressing
  • the capsule with the hollow body is thereby placed in a HIP furnace 100 and subjected to a predetermined temperature, a predetermined pressure for a predetermined period of time so that the metallic cladding material, the core, the lateral wall and the top and bottom walls bond to each other into a dense and solid final body.
  • the pressure in the furnace is in the range of 700-1100 bar, preferably, 900-1100 bar, and most preferably around 1000 bar.
  • the temperature is selected to below the melting point of the material with the lowest melting point. The closer the temperature is to the melting point, the higher is the risk for the formation of melted phases in which brittle streaks could be formed.
  • the temperature is in the range of 900-1200°C, preferably 1100-1200°C, and most preferably around 1150°C.
  • the duration of the HIP process depends on the size of the components, however short times are preferred for efficient productivity. Therefore the duration of the HIP-step, once said pressure and temperature has been reached, is in the range of 1-4 hours.
  • said solid body may preferably be subjected to any suitable heat treatment, such as annealing. After HIP, the solid bodies are separated by cutting the capsule. The capsule may be removed from the individual solid bodies, for example by pickling. The capsule may also remain on the individual solid bodies and instead be removed during machining.
  • Figure 8 shows the solid body after HIP.
  • the solid body resulting from the HIP process is subjected to a metal machining operation in which at least a portion of lateral wall 4 is removed and the exposed cladding material 8 is machined to a cladding 60 of a predetermined thickness.
  • a metal machining operation is performed by turning in a lathe.
  • FIG. 7 shows schematically a metal machining apparatus 30 in the form of a lathe 30.
  • the lathe comprises a head stock 31 to which a face driver 32 is connected.
  • the face driver 32 is rotated by the drive unit of the lathe (not shown) and engages the solid body 20 to rotate it during milling.
  • the face driver 32 is provided with hardened drive pins 33 which bite into the end surface 3a of the solid body 20 so that the rotational movement of the face driver is transferred to the solid body 20.
  • a male center 34 in the form of a truncated cone is located in the center of the face driver.
  • the male center of the lathe is adopted to engage the female centering means 11 of the solid body.
  • a center in the metal machining apparatus is designed so that it may engage a centering means in the solid body and vice versa.
  • the tailstock 35 of the lathe comprises a female center 36 which consists of a tapered sleeve 37 with an inner shape in the form of a truncated cone.
  • the sleeve is adopted to receive the male centering means 12 in the top wall 9 of the solid body 20.
  • the center further comprises a shaft (not shown) by which it is attached to the tail stock of the lathe.
  • the center is a live center which is rotatable arranged in the tailstock.
  • a metal cutting tool 38 i.e. a lathe tool or lathe steel is provided to remove metal from the solid body.
  • the male center 34 of the face drive is inserted into the female centering means 11 in the first end surface 3a of the solid body and the female center 37 of the tailstock of the lathe receives the male centering means 12 in the second end surface 4a of the solid body 20.
  • the face driver presses the solid body towards the female center in the tailstock of the lathe and simultaneously the drive pins 33 are forced into the end surface 3a of the solid body.
  • the solid body is centered in the lathe when both the male and female centers of the lathe are in engagement with the male and female centering means of the solid body.
  • the centring means 11, 12 in the solid body 20 may be exposed prior to centring the solid body in the lathe. For example, by removing a portion of the capsule by grinding with a hand held tool.
  • a cladding of desired thickness is achieved.
  • the control system of the lathe is programmed with a pre-determined distance between the center of the pre-manufactured body and the lathe tool.
  • at least a portion of lateral wall is 4 is removed by the lathe cutting tool 38.
  • the entire lateral wall is removed.
  • the exposed cladding material is then also removed by the lathe tool until the pre-determined distance is reached and a cladding of a predetermined thickness is obtained.
  • the injection nozzle blank may thereafter be subjected to further machining into a final injection nozzle, for example drilling of holes and further machining of the cladding.
  • the injection nozzles blanks were manufactured according to the inventive method.
  • the injection nozzles comprised a hollow body of the steel AISI H13/SS2242 filled with a cladding material of NiCr22MoNbTi in powder form.
  • the nozzles blanks had the following dimensions, see figure 19: Height (H) 62.7 mm, base diameter (BD): 32.5 mm, upper diameter (UD): 21.5 mm.
  • the pre-manufactured bodies that were used in the manufacturing of the nozzle blanks were provided with a male centering means in the form of a truncated cone in the top and female centering means also in the form of a truncated cone in the bottom.
  • the male centering means had a base diameter of 11 mm, a height of 5.5 mm and an inclination angle of 60°.
  • the six pre-manufactured bodies were place in a capsule and HIP:ed for 1 hour at a pressure of 970 bar and a temperature of 1150°C. Subsequently the solid bodies were machined in a lathe of the type Okuma Space Turn LB3000EX.
  • the lathe was provided with centers in face driver and tail stock which corresponded to the centering means in the top and bottom walls of the solid bodies.
  • Table 1 Cladding thickness of test nozzles Comparative Nozzles Inventive Nozzles Sample Max Min Difference Sample Max Min Difference 1 3.26 2.66 0.60 1 3.07 2.95 0.12 2 3.13 2.82 0.31 2 3.00 2.94 0.06 3 3.12 2.80 0.32 3 3.04 2.92 0.12 4 3.13 2.78 0.35 4 2.98 2.93 0.05 5 3.45 2.50 0.95 5 2.98 2.95 0.03 6 3.05 2.89 0.16 6 3.01 2.92 0.09
  • the results show that, in comparison with the conventionally manufactured nozzles, a much narrower tolerance of the thickness of the cladding is achieved in the nozzles manufactured by the inventive method.
  • the targeted cladding thickness of the inventive nozzles is 3 mm and the measured variation in thickness around the core is in the range of 0.03 - 0.12 mm.
  • the comparative nozzles have cladding thickness which varies in the range of 0.16 - 0.95 mm around the core.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
EP14800063.1A 2013-12-20 2014-11-20 A method for manufacturing a fuel nozzle blank with a metallic cladding Not-in-force EP3083113B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14800063.1A EP3083113B1 (en) 2013-12-20 2014-11-20 A method for manufacturing a fuel nozzle blank with a metallic cladding

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13199002 2013-12-20
EP14800063.1A EP3083113B1 (en) 2013-12-20 2014-11-20 A method for manufacturing a fuel nozzle blank with a metallic cladding
PCT/EP2014/075109 WO2015090831A1 (en) 2013-12-20 2014-11-20 A method for manufacturing a fuel nozzle blank with a metallic cladding

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3083113A1 EP3083113A1 (en) 2016-10-26
EP3083113B1 true EP3083113B1 (en) 2019-11-06

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14800063.1A Not-in-force EP3083113B1 (en) 2013-12-20 2014-11-20 A method for manufacturing a fuel nozzle blank with a metallic cladding

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20160361766A1 (da)
EP (1) EP3083113B1 (da)
JP (1) JP2017513719A (da)
KR (1) KR20160101115A (da)
CN (1) CN105828987A (da)
DK (1) DK3083113T3 (da)
WO (1) WO2015090831A1 (da)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3075472B1 (en) * 2015-03-31 2017-05-10 O.M.T. Officine Meccaniche Torino S.p.A. A method for producing a nozzle for injectors of internal combustion engines
EP3210703B1 (en) 2016-02-29 2018-08-15 Sandvik Intellectual Property AB A tool body, a tool and a method for manufacturing a tool body
GB2562533B (en) * 2017-05-19 2021-11-17 Bodycote H I P Ltd Components
US20200122233A1 (en) * 2018-10-19 2020-04-23 United Technologies Corporation Powder metallurgy method using a four-wall cylindrical canister
US11701726B2 (en) * 2021-10-05 2023-07-18 Collins Engine Nozzles, Inc. Material deposition for fluid injectors

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5811319B2 (ja) * 1977-12-06 1983-03-02 株式会社神戸製鋼所 熱間静水圧プレスによる異型成型法
AT391105B (de) * 1988-10-07 1990-08-27 Boehler Gmbh Vormaterial fuer die erzeugung von verbundwerkstoffen
SE513277C2 (sv) * 1999-08-18 2000-08-14 Flow Holdings Gmbh Sagl Llc Anordning för hetisostatisk pressning
DE10220735A1 (de) * 2002-05-08 2003-11-20 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Metall-Keramik-Verbindung
AU2003269842A1 (en) 2002-10-07 2004-04-23 Man B And W Diesel A/S Method of manufacturing a nozzle for a fuel valve in a diesel engine, and a nozzle
EP2450557B1 (en) * 2009-06-30 2016-11-30 Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engine, nozzle blank and manufacturing method thereof
FI20105340A0 (fi) * 2010-03-31 2010-03-31 Metso Minerals Inc Menetelmä ja järjestelmä kappaleen valmistamiseksi kuumaisostaattisella puristuksella, keerna, pinnoitteen esivalmiste, sekä keernan käyttö

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2015090831A1 (en) 2015-06-25
DK3083113T3 (da) 2020-01-20
EP3083113A1 (en) 2016-10-26
JP2017513719A (ja) 2017-06-01
US20160361766A1 (en) 2016-12-15
CN105828987A (zh) 2016-08-03
KR20160101115A (ko) 2016-08-24

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