EP3072556A1 - Appareil d'extinction d'incendie - Google Patents

Appareil d'extinction d'incendie Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3072556A1
EP3072556A1 EP16152108.3A EP16152108A EP3072556A1 EP 3072556 A1 EP3072556 A1 EP 3072556A1 EP 16152108 A EP16152108 A EP 16152108A EP 3072556 A1 EP3072556 A1 EP 3072556A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
fire suppressant
container
valve
cap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP16152108.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Paul D. Smith
Robert G. Dunster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kidde Graviner Ltd
Original Assignee
Kidde Graviner Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kidde Graviner Ltd filed Critical Kidde Graviner Ltd
Publication of EP3072556A1 publication Critical patent/EP3072556A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A62C35/08—Containers destroyed or opened by bursting charge
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
    • A62C13/62—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use with a single permanently pressurised container
    • A62C13/64—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use with a single permanently pressurised container the extinguishing material being released by means of a valve
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
    • A62C13/006—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use for the propulsion of extinguishing powder
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
    • A62C13/76—Details or accessories

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to an apparatus comprising a container for holding fire suppressant, and a valve for sealing a container holding a fire suppressant powder.
  • Fire suppressant in particular powder fire suppressant, is typically held in a pressurised container until such time that it is required to be deployed into an environment.
  • a valve may be placed at an outlet of the container to prevent premature deployment of the suppressant, which valve may be activated by use of a pyrotechnic charge as discussed below.
  • An example of such a container and valve arrangement is shown in Figs. 1A-1C .
  • Fig. 1A shows a container 10 for holding a fire suppressant at a raised pressure, and a valve 20 for controlling the release of the fire suppressant into an environment (not shown).
  • Fig. 1B shows a cross-section of the container 10 and valve 20 through line A-A in Fig. 1 .
  • the operative orientation of the container is such that the valve 20 is located at the bottom of the container in use.
  • the fire suppressant 1 is held within the container and rests on the valve 20 due to gravity.
  • Fig. 1C shows a close up of the valve 20 (indicated at "B" in Fig. 1 B) which comprises a hollow valve body 22 that is located inside an outlet 12 of the container 10.
  • a rupturable diaphragm 30 is located within the valve body 22 and acts to seal the container 10 to prevent pressurised fire suppressant from escaping prematurely.
  • a pyrotechnic charge 40 is located inside the valve 20 and below the diaphragm 30. Upon actuation of the pyrotechnic charge 40 a shockwave or localised blast is directed onto the centre of the diaphragm 30. This shockwave causes flexure of the diaphragm 30 inwards towards the fire suppressant 1. This causes mechanical weakening of the diaphragm 30 causing the diaphragm 30 to rupture or perforate (e.g. burst open, tear) and open outwards away from the fire suppressant 1.
  • the present disclosure is aimed at improving the ability of the diaphragm to open to ensure that the fire suppressant can be deployed.
  • an apparatus comprising:
  • the apparatus may further comprise a fire suppressant powder within the container.
  • the device may comprise a cap that is optionally positioned over the diaphragm, wherein the cap optionally comprises apertures or holes to allow fire suppressant powder to pass through upon perforation of the diaphragm.
  • the apertures or holes may be located on a side of the cap.
  • the cap may comprise a top or covering portion, and the top or covering portion of the cap may be solid or non-apertured.
  • the container may be a bottle or cylinder shape, and may comprise a chamber portion and a narrowed neck portion.
  • the cap may extend from the neck portion into the chamber portion, and the apertures or holes may open into the chamber portion.
  • the device may be configured to support a portion of the fire suppressant powder held within the container.
  • the device may be configured to reduce the weight of the fire suppressant acting on the diaphragm in use.
  • the container may be pressurised.
  • the apparatus may further comprise means for creating a pressure differential across the diaphragm and/or barrier after perforation of the diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm may comprise a metal disc.
  • the metal disc may comprise lines of weakness to aid perforation thereof by the pyrotechnic charge.
  • the diaphragm may be of the "non-fragmenting" type, in that it may be configured to flex, weaken and perforate, due to the directed shockwave.
  • the diaphragm may comprise portions that are configured to open along the lines of weakness, for example petals.
  • the diaphragm and/or lines of weakness and/or portions of the diaphragm may be configured to open towards the pyrotechnic charge.
  • the diaphragm is optionally configured to perforate or open as described above due to the combined effect of the combustion products of the pyrotechnic charge, as well as the storage pressure of the fire suppressant.
  • a valve for sealing a container holding a fire suppressant powder comprising:
  • the device may comprise a cap that is positioned over the diaphragm, wherein the cap comprises apertures or holes to allow fire suppressant powder to pass through upon perforation of the diaphragm.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B show an apparatus including a container 100 and a valve 200.
  • the container 100 is of the type used to hold a fire suppressant (not shown) in its interior, optionally in powder form, and is largely cylindrical, forming a bottle-shape with an outlet 120 provided at a lower end of the container 100.
  • the container 100 comprises a neck portion 102 and a chamber portion 103.
  • the chamber portion 103 has a maximum diameter that is relatively large when compared to the diameter of the neck portion 102, and forms the main body of the container 100 for holding most of the fire suppressant.
  • the neck portion 102 and the outlet 120 are of a smaller diameter.
  • the interior of the container is pressurised, for example using nitrogen gas.
  • the valve 200 is inserted into the outlet 120 so as to plug or seal the container 100 and prevent pressurised fire suppressant held within the container from being released prematurely.
  • Other shapes of container may be used, and the disclosure is not limited to cylindrical containers such as the one shown.
  • the valve 200 comprises a valve body 220 that is hollow and forms a passage 222 for fire suppressant to transfer from the interior of the container 100 to the environment.
  • the passage 222 extends from a valve inlet 223 to a valve outlet 224.
  • the valve inlet 223 and a neck 226 of the valve body 220 fit within the outlet 120 of the container 100, and a shoulder portion 228 of the valve body 220 rests on an exterior surface of the container 100.
  • the valve inlet 223 and neck 226 are sealed against the walls of the neck portion 102 and outlet 120 of the container 100. Any suitable sealing method may be used.
  • the apparatus includes a rupturable diaphragm 130 that is positioned within the passage 222 of the valve body 220.
  • the diaphragm 130 is sealed against the interior walls of the passage 222 and valve body 220 so as to prevent the fire suppressant from being released through said passage 222.
  • a pyrotechnic charge 140 is provided and arranged such that, upon activation of the charge, a percussive shockwave is directed onto the diaphragm 130 by the rapid release of gas and heat generated by the pyrotechnic charge 140. This causes the diaphragm 130 to flex, weaken and perforate (or burst, fail, tear etc.). Due in part to the pressure differential across the diaphragm 130 when the container 100 is pressurised, the diaphragm 130 perforates outwards away from the chamber portion 103 and fire suppressant.
  • This mechanism is different from, say, an explosive charge that uses fragments of hot metal to perforate a diaphragm, although such charge is not excluded from the broadest aspects of this disclosure.
  • fire suppressant transfers from the interior of the container 100 to the environment via passage 222. This is due, in part, to the fire suppressant being held under pressure within the container 100. That is, rupturing the diaphragm 130 results in a pressure differential between the interior of the container 100 and the passage 222 or external environment.
  • the diaphragm 130 is typically made of metal, for example stainless steel or nickel.
  • the diaphragm 130 may be scored across its surface to promote failure of the diaphragm 130 along predefined score lines.
  • the score lines may form a star pattern on the surface of the diaphragm 130, causing the diaphragm 130 to petal open along the predefined score lines.
  • the diaphragm 130 is hemispherical and the tip of the hemisphere points towards the pyrotechnic charge 140, and away from the container 100 and chamber portion 103.
  • the weight of fire suppressant acting on the diaphragm in conventional arrangements can prevent the proper opening of the diaphragm upon activation of the pyrotechnic charge.
  • the weight of the fire suppressant for example a fire suppressant powder, resting on a diaphragm may act as a mechanical damper and absorb some of the energy delivered by the pyrotechnic charge that would otherwise act to rupture the diaphragm.
  • the fire suppressant may also act as a thermal damper, absorbing some of the heat released from the charge.
  • the apparatus includes a device 150 configured to reduce the force exerted by said fire suppressant on the diaphragm 130 in use. This mitigates the damping effect of the fire suppressant and improves the ability of the diaphragm 130 to perforate upon activation of the pyrotechnic charge 140.
  • the device 150 is of a construction that allows the fire suppressant to be released from the container 100 and/or chamber upon perforation of the diaphragm 130.
  • a tubular cap 150 is placed over the diaphragm 130 that covers, or at least partially covers the diaphragm 130.
  • a cavity 230 is formed by the space underneath the cap 150 and above the diaphragm 130.
  • the cap 150 comprises apertures or holes 152 to allow fire suppressant to pass through and fill the cavity 230 prior to perforation of said diaphragm 130, and then to pass through and expel from the chamber upon perforation of the diaphragm 130.
  • the cap 150 optionally does not prevent or hinder the release of fire suppressant held within the chamber portion 103 of the container 100 into an external environment after perforation of the diaphragm 130.
  • a lower portion 154 of said cap 150 is threaded onto the neck 226 of the valve body 220.
  • the lower portion 154 is therefore sealed against the walls of the outlet portion 120 of the container 100 with the valve body 226.
  • the cap comprises an upper portion 156 that extends from the neck portion 102 of the container and into the chamber portion 103 of the container 100.
  • the apertures or holes 152 are located in the upper portion 156 and this allows fire suppressant powder to fill the cavity 230 and pass through from the chamber portion 103, and subsequently expel from the container 100 as described above.
  • the cap 150 of the embodiment of Figs. 2A and 2B reduces the force exerted by the fire suppressant on the diaphragm 130. This is due to the cap 150 supporting at least a portion of the fire suppressant. This is explained further with reference to Figs. 3A and 3B .
  • Fig. 3A shows a schematic of the conventional container 10 of Figs. 1A-1C , which does not have a device configured to reduce the force exerted by said fire suppressant on the diaphragm 30.
  • the weight of fire suppressant particles will be transferred under gravity to surrounding fire suppressant particles.
  • the weight of the fire suppressant particles will ultimately be transferred to either the diaphragm 30, or the bottom curved portion 11 of the chamber.
  • the proportion of weight that is supported by the diaphragm 30 is determined by the shear angle ⁇ of the fire suppressant, which is affected by, for example, frictional and cohesive forces acting on the particles of the fire suppressant.
  • Fig. 3A This is shown in Fig. 3A , where the shaded area 5 represents the fire suppressant that contributes to the weight acting on the diaphragm (assuming the chamber is full). As can be seen, with the exception of the unshaded areas 6, substantially all of the fire suppressant in the chamber acts on the diaphragm 30 due to gravity.
  • Fig. 3B shows a schematic of the container 100 of the embodiment of Fig. 2A .
  • the cap 150 is present as described above and this optionally supports a portion of the fire suppressant.
  • the introduction of the cap 150 restricts the weight transferred to the diaphragm 130 to fire suppressant located between a first shear angle ⁇ and a second shear angle ⁇ , thereby reducing the weight of fire suppressant transferred to the diaphragm.
  • only two shaded areas 8 of fire suppressant in the chamber portion 103 contribute to the weight acting on the diaphragm 130.
  • the weight of the fire suppressant in the unshaded area 7 above the cap 150 acts on the cap 150, and not the diaphragm 130 in use.
  • the cap 150 dramatically reduces the force exerted by the fire suppressant on the diaphragm 130.
  • the fire suppressant flows under a different regime, since it is being forced out by a pressure differential between the interior of the container 100 and the external environment. Therefore the shear angle restriction described above no longer applies, allowing fire suppressant to freely exit the container 100 through the cap 150 and valve 200.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
EP16152108.3A 2015-03-22 2016-01-20 Appareil d'extinction d'incendie Pending EP3072556A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1504810.1A GB2536631B (en) 2015-03-22 2015-03-22 Fire suppressant apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3072556A1 true EP3072556A1 (fr) 2016-09-28

Family

ID=53052189

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16152108.3A Pending EP3072556A1 (fr) 2015-03-22 2016-01-20 Appareil d'extinction d'incendie

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3072556A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2536631B (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110711333A (zh) * 2019-10-31 2020-01-21 合肥工业大学 一种建筑受限空间中气体爆炸的喷射抑爆装置及方法

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB334552A (en) * 1929-06-05 1930-09-05 Pyrene Co Ltd Improvements in fire extinguishing apparatus
US3874458A (en) * 1973-11-12 1975-04-01 Pyro Control Inc Fire extinguisher
US4760886A (en) * 1986-04-25 1988-08-02 Thomson-Csf Fast discharge fire extinguisher and a method of fabricating same
EP0289571A1 (fr) * 1986-11-21 1988-11-09 Santa Barbara Res Center Appareil d'expulsion de poudre.
US5992528A (en) * 1997-04-17 1999-11-30 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Inflator based fire suppression system
EP0979125A1 (fr) * 1997-04-24 2000-02-16 Kidde Fire Protection Limited Procedes et dispositifs de suppression d'explosion
EP1479414A1 (fr) * 2003-05-23 2004-11-24 Euro Spare Parts S.r.l. Extincteur d'incendie portable produisant un aérosol
US20050205613A1 (en) * 2004-03-11 2005-09-22 Kidde-Fenwal Inc. Dual burst disk

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2502729B1 (fr) * 1981-03-30 1985-09-20 Sicli Vanne en tout ou rien a declenchement pyrotechnique
JPS62234766A (ja) * 1986-04-02 1987-10-15 U G Kk 自動車用自動消火装置

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB334552A (en) * 1929-06-05 1930-09-05 Pyrene Co Ltd Improvements in fire extinguishing apparatus
US3874458A (en) * 1973-11-12 1975-04-01 Pyro Control Inc Fire extinguisher
US4760886A (en) * 1986-04-25 1988-08-02 Thomson-Csf Fast discharge fire extinguisher and a method of fabricating same
EP0289571A1 (fr) * 1986-11-21 1988-11-09 Santa Barbara Res Center Appareil d'expulsion de poudre.
US5992528A (en) * 1997-04-17 1999-11-30 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Inflator based fire suppression system
EP0979125A1 (fr) * 1997-04-24 2000-02-16 Kidde Fire Protection Limited Procedes et dispositifs de suppression d'explosion
EP1479414A1 (fr) * 2003-05-23 2004-11-24 Euro Spare Parts S.r.l. Extincteur d'incendie portable produisant un aérosol
US20050205613A1 (en) * 2004-03-11 2005-09-22 Kidde-Fenwal Inc. Dual burst disk

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201504810D0 (en) 2015-05-06
GB2536631A (en) 2016-09-28
GB2536631B (en) 2019-12-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US10265558B2 (en) Pyrotechnic valve
JP3215495B2 (ja) 気体を供給するための装置及び方法
JP6284420B2 (ja) インフレータ
US5226561A (en) Projectile for initiating inflation of a motor vehicle inflatable safety system
US20050236821A1 (en) Cold gas generator
JP5181971B2 (ja) ガス発生装置
JPH04270898A (ja) 点火装置
US20170197100A1 (en) Stovetop fire suppressor with thermal glass bulb actuation and method
EP3072556A1 (fr) Appareil d'extinction d'incendie
WO2004113787A1 (fr) Contenant de petite taille et sous haute pression concu pour eviter une explosion
US9789845B2 (en) Combustion chamber comprising an opening device for a compressed gas tank of a hybrid inflator, hybrid inflator, airbag module, vehicle safety system and method of discharging fluid from an inflator
US20170008482A1 (en) Gas generator
US9539452B2 (en) Rapid pressure diffusion actuator for a fire extinguisher
EP3072557B1 (fr) Appareil d'extinction d'incendie
EP2510983A2 (fr) Contenant d'extincteur de type panneau
US9649520B2 (en) Burst disc puncture pressure-imbalance actuator for a fire extinguisher
KR102158122B1 (ko) 사출 가능 포탄 기부를 갖는 포탄
US9738245B1 (en) Gas generator with improved supported burst cup
EP3166822B1 (fr) Ensemble allumeur à piston rétractable
GB2552876A (en) Fire suppressant apparatus
EP1911636A1 (fr) Coussin gonflable avec diffuseur de courant de gas
JP2007197009A (ja) 膨張器
WO2003084785A1 (fr) Conteneur pour gaz sous pression

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20170327

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20200714

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS