EP3067654B1 - Recoil dampening system with profile damper - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a Rückstoßdämpfungssystem for a shoulder rest with at least one guide system, with at least one spring-damper member and at least one locking mechanism.

The shoulder rest is part of the buttstock e.g. a hunting weapon. With modern weapons, one strives to reduce their weight as much as possible. This has the disadvantage that thereby the shot-related recoil increases with decreasing weapon weight. To dampen this recoil, damper links are integrated into the shoulder rest. For this purpose, the shoulder rest in the rear area is shortened approximately normal to the center line of the runs or runs. At the free end of the remaining shaft portion a shaft cap-like plate is fixed, which is supported relative to the remaining shaft portion via a spring-damper system.

From the EP 1 657 518 B1 and the DE 10 2009 012 684 A1 In each case a comparable spring-damper system is known. However, here mechanical locking mechanism are arranged in the guide system, which should prevent the shooter already overcomes the stroke of the spring-damper system when the weapon.

Furthermore, from the US 4,922,641 A a shoulder rest is known in which a neoprene layer with integrated return springs is arranged between the wood shaft and a butt plate. The transversely divided neoprene layer consists of the upper shaft area a dimensionally stable neoprene, while the larger lower part, in which the return springs are arranged, is made of a resilient, soft neoprene. The dimensionally stable neoprene section guides the butt plate on the wooden shaft.

From the US 2003/079 395 A1 a firearm recoil damping system is known in which a shoulder rest is supported on the weapon base body via a plurality of structure dampers arranged one behind the other.

The US 2010/122 482 A1 describes a recoil reduction system for a firearm. In this system, a spring-damper system and a Magnetgesperre are housed between the weapon body and the shoulder rest. The magnet of the Magnetgesperres is supported by a Magnetabheber and the housing of the spring damper system on the weapon body.

The present invention is based on the problem to develop such a recoil damping system that works for a simple and safe and on the other hand with little effort attachable to a commercial shoulder rest and is adaptable.

This problem is solved with the features of independent claim 1. In this case, the guide system supports a support assembly on a base body fastened to the shoulder support in at least one joint with one degree of freedom. Between the support assembly and the shoulder support at least one spring-damper member is arranged in the form of a structure damper. The locking mechanism is a magnetic lock. It consists of a magnet fixed to the support assembly via a support bolt and a magnetizable retaining plate attached to the shoulder support above the base body.

The invention provides a recoil damping system for a sporting, hunting or governmental weapon. For this purpose, the shoulder rest is divided into a rigid and a movable part. The movable part, e.g. a frame or plate carrying a butt plate, a so-called support assembly, is slidably mounted substantially in the longitudinal direction of the weapon in the rigid part of the shoulder rest. When a shot-related recoil occurs, the rigid and moving parts move toward each other over a short distance, and in the recoil damping system, the kinetic energy of the weapon is converted into spring energy and heat. The heat is generated in at least one damper and the spring energy is temporarily stored in the return system. Due to the damping of the rigid shaft part about half of the supporting force or even less transmitted to the movable shaft part.

Within the recoil damping system, the combined spring damper link is at least one structural damper. The support assembly has a carrier pin, which carries at least one structural damper and is operatively connected to a locking mechanism, which locks the shaft cap carrying plate in its extended position non-positively. The central locking prevents with a predetermined, optionally adjustable adhesive force that the hub of the system is not already consumed when applying the shoulder rest to the shoulder. The e.g. As a magnetic locking mechanism constructed locking mechanism is located approximately in the center of the force flow which occurs during firing.

The adjustment of the adhesive force is possible by interposing plastic discs between the adhering parts of the locking mechanism. Possibly. For example, a residual air gap between the adhering parts can be established via a helical gear.

The support assembly is guided on the attached to the shoulder support body by means of two parallel Geradschubglieder. Each Geradschubglied has only one degree of freedom. Instead of Geradschubglieder also an off-center swivel joint can be used.

Between the movable and the rigid part of the shoulder rest is a multi-layered composite body, on the one hand protects the spring-damper system from dirt and spray and on the other makes the recoil damping system easily customizable on commercial shoulder rests. For this purpose, the composite body, including the butt plate, is made of a material which is e.g. can be worked with simple handcrafted abrasives to adapt to the concrete shoulder rest shape.

Instead of a single structure damper also several different types of structure damper can be installed in the shoulder rest. The individual structural dampers can differ in terms of both the geometric shape and the material properties in order to precisely fulfill a specific function in the combination.

Figur 1:

Teillängsschnitt durch eine Schulterstütze mit einem Rückstoßdämpfungssystem;

Figur 2:

Vorderansicht des Rückstoßdämpfungssystems ohne Schulterstütze;

Figur 3:

wie Figur 1, jedoch betätigt;

Figur 4:

Teillängsschnitt durch ein Rückstoßdämpfungssystem mit einem anderen Strukturdämpfer;

Figur 5:

wie Figur 4, jedoch betätigt;

Figur 6:

Teillängsschnitt durch ein Rückstoßdämpfungssystem mit einem weiteren Strukturdämpfer in Form eines Gelkissens;

Figur 7:

perspektivische Explosionsansicht des Rückstoßdämpfungssystems ohne Schulterstütze und Verbundkörper;

Figur 8:

perspektivische Explosionsansicht des Verbundkörpers.

Further details of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description of at least one schematically illustrated embodiment.

FIG. 1:

Partial longitudinal section through a shoulder rest with a recoil damping system;

FIG. 2:

Front view of the recoil damping system without shoulder support;

FIG. 3:

as FIG. 1 , but operated;

FIG. 4:

Part longitudinal section through a recoil damping system with another structure damper;

FIG. 5:

as FIG. 4 , but operated;

FIG. 6:

Part longitudinal section through a recoil damping system with another structure damper in the form of a gel pad;

FIG. 7:

exploded perspective view of the Rückstoßdämpfungssystems without shoulder rest and composite body;

FIG. 8:

exploded perspective view of the composite body.

The FIG. 1 shows a built-in in the shoulder rest (1) recoil damping system in longitudinal section with almost all essential parts. The system comprises a structural body (20) which is mounted and guided between the base body (20) mounted in the longitudinal direction of the weapon (93) and the structural plate (40) arranged on the support plate (40). The guide system (10) used therefor comprises a support assembly (35) equipped with guide rods (11, 12) and bores (26) in the base body (20) in which the guide rods (11, 12) are guided. To protect the recoil damping system from dirt and moisture, an elastically deformable composite body (100) is arranged between the shoulder support (1) and the support plate (40). The structural damper (50) and the composite body (100) support a padded support plate (40) against a base body (20) screwed into the shoulder support (1). The relative stroke between the base body (20) and the support plate (40) is depending on the application between 6 mm and 25 mm. On the support plate (40) has a carrier bolt (30) is attached. Between this and the base shell (20) a locking mechanism (80) is arranged.

To FIG. 1 is the main body (20) largely sunk in the example here wooden shoulder rest (1) arranged. For this purpose, the shoulder support (1) on the back has a plane end face (2) whose normal with the axis of the soul at least one gun barrel occupies an angle between 0 and 15 degrees. Perpendicular to this end face (2) is in the shoulder support (1) - for receiving the base body (20) - a slot-like primary milling (3) incorporated. The primary milling (3) has a flat bottom surface (4). In the center there is additionally a central, cylindrical recess (5). Above and below the recess (5) is at least in FIG. 1 each a drilled Führungsstangenausfräsung (6) arranged. In the area of the heel and the toe of the shoulder rest (1), the end face (2) has in each case a centering depression (7).

Alternatively, the primary cutout (3) can be replaced by an overall cutout (9). The latter is in FIG. 3 shown in dashed lines. Due to the resulting increase in internal volume of the recoil damping system, gas exchange with the environment is not required. The recoil damping system can thus be closed to the outside.

On the end face (2) of the base body (20) is arranged as the base shell. The latter consists of a base plate (21), a fitting flange (95) lying on the end face (2) and an offset wall (96) located between the base plate (21) and the adapter flange (95). The depth offset between the base plate (21) and the adapter flange (95) is e.g. 10 mm. The base shell (20) is e.g. Made of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) plastic.

The base shell (20) surrounds a cuboid recess (24) between the base plate (21) and the offset wall (96) a length of 49 mm, a width of 20 mm and a depth of 11.5 mm. This recess (24) partially surrounds the damper cavity (29). In the middle longitudinal plane of the base shell (20), it corresponds to the display plane of FIGS. 1 and 3 , are located laterally of the recess (24) each have a 3.5 mm long pipe spigot (25).

The base plate (21) has a central bore (22) for the passage of the carrier pin (30), cf. FIG. 3 , Around the bore (22) around a cylindrical recess (23) for supporting an adhesive plate (85) is incorporated on the back. In the end regions of the base plate (21) are the two guide rod holes (26). The latter also penetrate the pipe spigots (25).

The base shell (30) surrounds a planner, e.g. 2 mm thin adapter flange (95), which stands out against it by means of a basic collar (27). The base shell (20) has two each with countersunk bores centering pins (97, 98), which fit into the corresponding Zentrierenkungen (7) of the end face (2) of the shoulder support (1). By means of countersunk wood screws (49), e.g. according to DIN 7997, the base shell (20) is firmly connected to the shaft (1).

Parallel to the back of the base shell (20), the support assembly (35) is arranged. It consists u.a. a support plate (40), a support bolt (30), the guide rods (11, 12) and the butt plate (8).

The support plate (40) on its rear side, for example, an ABS plate, has a central, at least approximately cuboid depression (41) on its front side facing the main body (20). It has a length of 49 mm, a width of 20 mm and a depth of 7.4 mm. Also this depression (41) partially surrounds the damper cavity (29). In the middle longitudinal plane of the support plate (40) are located laterally in the recess (41) each have a 4 mm deep, for recess (41) open towards recess (42) into which the tube pin (25) of the base shell (20) with a Match of about 0.5 mm fit, cf. FIG. 3 ,

In the recess (42) open - from the front - each have a stepped bore (43). In the larger-diameter portion of the stepped bore (43) is in each case a guide rod (11, 12) inserted and fastened by means of screws (19) from the back of the support plate (40) from dimensionally stable.

The guide rods (11, 12) are slidably mounted after mounting the system - as parts of the guide system (10) - with little play out in the guide rod holes (26) of the base body (20). The cross-sectional shape of the guide rods (11, 12) and the corresponding cross-sectional shape of the guide rod bores (26) is not limited to the circular shape. It can e.g. also polygonal, polygonal or angular.

Exactly centrally between the two guide rods (11, 12) rises from the bottom of the recess (41) has a central spigot tube (44). With an outside diameter of e.g. 8 mm, it has a length of e.g. 7.5 mm. In the middle, it has a stepped bore (45). In the larger diameter portion of the stepped bore (45) of the support pin (30) is inserted. He is fixed there by means of the screw (89). The e.g. 39 mm long carrier bolts (30) whose diameter is e.g. 6 mm, has on the front side a chamfer (31) of the size 0.8 x 45 ° and on both sides e.g. one M4 threaded hole each.

Outside the stepped bores (43), the support plate (40) has a respective bore (47) which continues into bores (129) of smaller diameter in the shaft cap (8). About these holes (47, 129) - as a tool access - can the support assembly (35) from the shaft (1) unscrew. All holes (43, 45, 47, 129) have parallel centerlines, all of which are in one plane.

Centrally in the damper cavity (29) sits as a spring damper member (50) has a structural damper (50). He belongs to the group of radial dampers. It has the shape of a short tube, cf. Figure 7, which is deformed for damping here in a radial direction. The tubular shape thereby changes its annular cross-section, cf. FIG. 7 , in an oval-shaped annular cross-section, cf. FIG. 3 , The material used for the structural damper (50) is a CoPolyester-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPC), eg Hytrel®. Its hardness in Shore is between 40D and 55D. The structural damper absorbs about 52% of the impact energy. The rest is used for springback. After each functional deformation, it regains its original, geometric shape.

The in the FIGS. 1 . 3 and 7 illustrated structural damper (50) has before installation, for example, an outer diameter of 35 mm, a wall thickness of 6 mm and a width or tube length of 19 mm. In order to rest without play in the damper cavity (29) on the base body (20) and on the support plate (40), he has there a half-axis ratio of 1 / 0.8. When the damping stroke is exhausted, its dimension along the center line (34) is for example 19 mm.

The structural damper (50) has two mutually aligned, radial through holes (56, 57), over which it is guided on the support pin (30) and the pin tube (44). The rear through-hole (57) has, for example, a diameter of 9.5 mm, while the diameter of the front bore (56), for example 4 mm smaller.

The structural damper (50) is seated over the front bore (56), e.g. with preload on the carrier bolt (30).

The FIGS. 4 and 5 show a structural damper (60) in the slightly compressed state, see. FIG. 4 , Optically an air-cooled, ribbed cylinder or cylinder head of a gasoline engine is at least approximately comparable. It consists of a core (61) on which, for example, five circumferential lamellae (62) are integrally formed. The core (61) and the lamellae (62) have transverse to the center line (34) rectangular, elliptical or oval cross-sections. Between the slats (62) there are gaps (63), the slit width of which increase non-linearly outward from the core (61). The gap broadening decreases towards the outside - with increasing radius -, whereby the effect of the damping increases with increasing recoil stroke. This results in a progressive damping characteristic.

In FIG. 5 the structural damper (60) is shown with spent recoil stroke. Adjacent lamellae (62) contact each other over a large area by consuming the gap (63).

Another alternative of a material damper is in FIG. 6 shown. Here a cushion-like fighter (70) is shown. The cushion has a through hole in the center over which it is centered on the carrier bolt (30). The entire outer skin of the Geldämpfers (70) is - in the context of the forces, including a safety factor of at least "2" a tear-resistant shell. In the region of the lifting joint (38) of the recoil damping system, a waist (71) is produced with the aid of, for example, a dimensionally stable tensioning band (74). The tension band (74) prevents - during recoil stroke - the penetration of the Geldämpfers (70) in the Hubfuge (38).

Another alternative, not shown, for a structural damper is a so-called axial damper. It is a - when inserted into the damper cavity (29) - to an oval deformed material tube whose function-related compression parallel to the center line (34).

In the central recess (5) of the shaft (1) projects into Figure 1, a locking mechanism (80). The locking mechanism (80) is after the FIGS. 1-7 a magnetic lock. It consists of at least one eg encapsulated magnet (81), a holding plate (85) and the carrier bolt (30). The magnet (81) is made of a neodymium-iron-boron alloy, for example. It has the magnetic strength N35 and the shape of a ring, which has two flat, mutually parallel faces. Its outer diameter is 20 mm at a height of 6 mm. Its bore (82) measures 4.1 mm. The bore (82) is penetrated from the back of the magnet (81) by a countersink (83) whose cone angle measures 90 degrees. The largest opening diameter is eg 10.5 mm. The recesses (82, 83) have congruent centerlines.

The magnetizable support plate (85) is, for example, a washer, e.g. with a wall thickness of 1.5 mm has an outer diameter of 20 mm. It is glued into the recess (23), fixed in the bore (22) via a blind rivet or rigidly connected in any other way to the base plate (21).

The magnet (81) is fastened to the carrier bolt (30) by means of the screw (88). Optionally, a gap of, for example, 0.1 mm between the magnet (81) and the head bottom of the M4 screw (88) is provided in the attachment of the magnet (81) on the support pin (30). Due to the head play thus produced, the magnet (81) is articulated with respect to the carrier pin (30) suspended. The result is a transverse to the center line (34) aligned pivoting angle of 2 to 5 degrees.

The illustrated magnet (81) in combination with the holding plate (85) has a holding force of 80 to 120 N. The holding force of the ratchet (80) can be reduced in a targeted manner by increasing the opening diameter (84). For example, magnets (81) are also available which have a smaller outer diameter and / or a smaller wall thickness.

The suspension of the magnet (81) on the support bolt (30) additionally serves to securely hold the support assembly (35) on the shaft (1), since the magnet (81) engages behind the base body (20). In case of failure of the adhesive (106), the function of the recoil damping system remains at least largely preserved.

The fitting flange (95) of the base shell (20) is followed by the composite body (100) which, together with the support plate (40) and the butt plate (8), forms the rear part of the shaft (1). The composite body (100) of the embodiment, cf. FIGS. 1 . 3 and 8th , comprises three material layers (101, 102, 103) of cellular rubber and two material layers in the form of plastic rings (104, 105). The eg flat also annular material layers (101-103), for example, they are the same thickness, each have a wall thickness of eg 7 mm. The flat plastic rings (104, 105) made of a thermoplastic are likewise equally strong, for example. Its wall thickness is 1 mm. All material layers (101-103) have an oval inner and outer contour, wherein the inner contour of the support plate collar contour (111) corresponds, see. FIG. 7 ,

The not yet adapted to the respective shaft (1) composite body (100) is in FIG. 1 shown as dashed line (110). The line represents the contours of the raw contour (110) of the material layers (101-105) prior to adaptation to the shaft (1). The dashed line (110) projects laterally beyond the real contour line and several millimeters above and below.

The cellular rubber is, for example, a foamed chloroprene rubber. Alternatively, an ethylene-propylene-diene rubber may be used. This closed-cell, soft-elastic cellular rubber has a cell size of 0.1 to 0.3 mm. Its density is 60 to 90 kg / m ³ . Its compressive strength is 10 to 35 kPa, while its rebound resilience is 55 to 65%.

The plastic rings (104, 105) are e.g. made of a PA6. Possibly. the material may be enriched with glass or carbon fibers. Also suitable here are thermosets, such as Phenoplasts or aminoplasts.

Within the composite body (100), the first material layer (101) resting against the adapter flange (95) is a cellular rubber layer (101). This is followed by the first dimensionally stable plastic ring (104). It is followed by the second cell rubber layer (102) whose rear end face is reinforced by the second plastic ring (105). At the latter is a third cell rubber layer (103).

Before installation in the shank (1), the layers (101-105) are adhesively bonded to one another over their entire surface. For this purpose, the cellular rubber layers (101-103) were coated on their front sides with an acrylate adhesive (106). The carrier-free adhesive layer is protected for transporting and cutting the cellular rubber layers with a PE-coated paper.

The prefabricated composite body (100) is placed over the cell rubber layer (103) on the shaft (1) facing flat adhesive surface (46) of the support plate (40) and pressed. The composite body (100) is centered on the support plate collar contour (111) of the support plate (40). The support plate (40) is centered with the composite body (100) over the guide rods (11, 12) and with the cell rubber layer (101) ahead on the back of the adapter flange (95) - after inserting the structural body (50) - into the damper cavity (29) glued. Here, the cell rubber layer (101) is centered in regions on the base collar (27) of the base shell (20).

The layer thicknesses of the material layers (101 - 105) are after FIG. 3 dimensioned exactly so that the plastic rings (104, 105) contact neither the base plate (21) nor the support plate (40) obstructive.

In contrast to the exemplary embodiment shown, the individual material layers (101-105) can be thinner, which allows a larger number of material layers for the same stroke. As the number of layers increases, ideally the bulk density of the cellular rubber layers should be reduced.

It is also conceivable to execute the layering planes either curved or align obliquely to the flat layering shown. Furthermore, other material layers of comparable or different materials can be used in the material layer stack, provided that their modulus of elasticity is less than 30,000 N / mm ² .

Instead of the composite body (100), the recoil damping system can protect against dirt and moisture between the shoulder support (1) and the support plate (40) - not shown - have annular elastomeric bellows. The elastomer bellows is for example a rubberized linen bellows, which has a c-shaped single cross-section. It consists of a central bellows shirt and two edge-sided Klemmfalzen. The front Klemmfalz can be clamped between the shoulder support (1) and the adapter flange (95), while the rear Klemmfalz between the support plate (40) and the butt plate (8) is permanently bonded or welded. The wall thickness of the elastic Belghemdes is for example 0.5 mm - 1 mm. Possibly. is integrated in the bellows shirt a so-called modified Bunsen valve. The latter consists for example of an inwardly curved hemispherical bowl-shaped bellows, in which a valve slot is incorporated. The Bunsen valve remains gas-tight at an overpressure in the bellows interior, since the pressure acting on the Belgwölbung gas pressure closes the valve slot.

On the back of the support plate (40), the rubber-elastic butt plate (8) is glued. It has three holes (129), cf. FIG. 1 and 3 , The two outer holes clear the way to the countersunk wood screws (49). The middle hole (129) is in front of the screw (89). In order to protect the space behind the holes (129) from dirt, the bores (129) of the rubber-elastic material run, for example, like a slit towards the rear.

When using the recoil damping system by the shooter equipped with the butt plate (8) support assembly (35) in its unactuated end position releasably magnetically blocked to the shoulder support (1) - when aiming - initially unyielding to lock. When you fire a shot, the adhesive force of the magnetic lock is the first thing to happen due to recoil (80) overcome. Only then does the damping deformation of the structure damper (50, 60, 70) come into effect. By a relative movement between the support assembly (35) and the base body (20), the damper cavity (29) decreases upon compression of the structure damper (50, 60, 70). In this case, the respective structural damper (50, 60, 70) is elastically compressed. At the same time in the composite body interior (119) gas-tight or at least almost gas-tight stored air is slightly compressed. Consequently, here is a spring system of, for example, two solid-elastic (50, 100) and a pneumatic spring element.

After at the end of the immersion movement, the support assembly (35) on the base body (20) in the field of Senkholzschraubenköpfe - an overload protection represents - rests, the Hubfuge (38) has the gap width "zero", the direction of movement is reversed. The elastic structural damper (50, 60, 70) and the composite body (100) release their stored energy - possibly slightly assisted by the gas spring energy stored in the composite body interior (119), in the damper cavity (29) and in the overall cutout (9). by pushing the support assembly (35) back to its original position. The latter is reached when the magnet (81) again comes to the holding plate (85) for magnetic contact.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Shoulder rest, shaft, buttstock

2

Face, shaft end face; behind

3

Primärausfräsung

4

Floor area, plan

5

Deepening, central

6

Führungsstangenausfräsung

7

Centering for (95)

8th

Butt plate, soft rubber

9

Total cut-out, optional

10

guidance system

11, 12

Guide rods, cylindrical pins

13

threaded hole

19

Screws, Allen screws

20

Base shell, basic body

21

baseplate

22

Bore, central

23

Depression, cylindrical

24

Recess, cuboid

25

spigot

26

Guide rod holes

27

base collar

29

damper cavity

30

carrier bolts

31

chamfer

32

Threaded hole, rear

33

Tapped hole, front

34

Centerline of (30)

35

support assembly

38

Hubfuge

40

support plate

41

Depressions, cuboid

42

recesses

43

stepped holes

44

dispensing tube

45

stepped bore

46

bonding surface

47

Bore for unscrewing (49)

49

countersunk wood screws

50

Damper link, first; Structural damper, radial damper Spring damper link

51

outer wall

52

inner wall

53

End wall, ring-shaped

56

Bore, front, through hole

57

Bore, rear, through hole

60

Damper link, first; Structural damper, axial damper Spring damper link

61

core

62

slats

63

column

66

Bore, central

70

Damper link, first; Structure damper, Feather Spring damper link

71

waist

74

strap

80

Lock, magnetic lock

81

magnet

82

drilling

83

reduction

84

Opening diameter

85

Retaining plate; Washer, magnetizable

88

Screw for (81)

89

Screw in (40)

93

Weapon longitudinal direction, parallel to the running soul

95

Adapter flange of (30)

96

Versatzwandung

97

Centering pins with countersunk holes

98

Centering with countersunk holes, flattened

100

Composite body, elastomer body, skirt, spring element damper link, second

101

Material layer of cellular rubber

102

Material layer of cellular rubber

103

Material layer of cellular rubber

104

Plastic ring, plastic disc, material layer

105

Plastic ring, plastic disc, material layer

106

adhesive layers

110

Raw outline, composite original outline

111

Composite body contour, support plate collar contour

119

Composite interior

129

Drilling in (8)

Claims (9)

1. A recoil damping system for a shoulder support (1) including at least one guide system (10), at least one spring damper element (50, 60, 70) and at least one stopping means (80), with

   - the guide system (10) mounting a supporting module (35) on a base (20) secured to the shoulder support (20) in at least one articulation (11, 12; 26) having one degree of freedom;

   - at least one spring damper member (50, 60, 70) in the form of a structural damper being arranged between the supporting module (35) and the shoulder support (1);

   - the stopping means (80) comprising a magnetic stopping arrangement; and

   - the magnetic stopping arrangement (80) consisting of a magnet (81) secured to supporting module (35) through a carrier bolt (30) and a magnetizable holding plate (85) secured to the shoulder support (1) through the base (20).
2. Recoil damping system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, because of the properties of its material, the spring damper element (50, 60, 70) returns to its starting position after each functionally conditioned instance of loading, thus also forming a restoring system.
3. Recoil damping system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the structural damper (50) is tubular in shape.
4. Recoil damping system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that an elastomer body is arranged between the support module (35) and the shoulder support (1) as an additional damping element, said elastomer body surrounding the recoil damping system and comprising a composite body (100) consisting of a plurality of layers, the elastomer body constituted by a layered stack comprising at least two layers (101-103; 104, 105) of different materials, with at least two material layers consisting of a closed-cell elastomer (101-103) in foam form while at least one other material layer is a plate of a plastics material (104, 105) having shape stability.
5. Recoil damping system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the closed-cell elastomer in foam form of the material layer (101-103) comprises a cell caoutchouc having a crude density of 50 kg/m³ to 150 kg/m³ and coated on both sides with an adhesive on the surfaces which are at least approximately oriented in the longitudinal direction of the weapon.
6. Recoil damping system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the material layer (104, 105) is made of a plastics material having a modulus of elasticity in the range of 5000 N/mm² to 20000 N/mm².
7. Recoil damping system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the material layers (101-103; 104, 105) are adhesively bonded to each other and to the supporting module (35) as well as to the matching flange (95) and in that the individual material layers (103, 105) have a thickness at least five times the thickness of the individual material layers (104, 105).
8. Recoil damping system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the layers of the material layers (101-103; 104, 105) are aligned normal to the longitudinal direction (93) of the weapon and that all material layers (101-103; 104, 105) extend in parallel with each other.
9. Recoil damping system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the supporting module (35) comprises a supporting plate (40) having shape stability and an outer contour adapted to be matched to stock cap (8).

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