EP3058279B1 - Procédé permettant d'allumer un brûleur de centrale électrique et brûleur à charbon pulvérisé adapté à celui-ci - Google Patents

Procédé permettant d'allumer un brûleur de centrale électrique et brûleur à charbon pulvérisé adapté à celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3058279B1
EP3058279B1 EP14777675.1A EP14777675A EP3058279B1 EP 3058279 B1 EP3058279 B1 EP 3058279B1 EP 14777675 A EP14777675 A EP 14777675A EP 3058279 B1 EP3058279 B1 EP 3058279B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
burner
ignition
heating
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP14777675.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3058279A1 (fr
Inventor
Alfons Leisse
Sebastian Rehfeldt
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Mitsubishi Power Europe GmbH
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Europe GmbH
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Publication of EP3058279A1 publication Critical patent/EP3058279A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/005—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel burning a mixture of pulverulent fuel delivered as a slurry, i.e. comprising a carrying liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D91/00—Burners specially adapted for specific applications, not otherwise provided for
    • F23D91/02—Burners specially adapted for specific applications, not otherwise provided for for use in particular heating operations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/06—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs structurally associated with fluid-fuel burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2207/00—Ignition devices associated with burner

Definitions

  • the invention is directed to a burner, in particular pulverized coal burner, comprising a fuel tube, a fuel nozzle, at least one ignition and / or heat source and a tube containing oxygen containing gas and / or recirculated flue gas, wherein the at least one ignition and / or heat source burner inside arranged and designed as an electrical heating and / or ignition device or includes such, which required inside the burner for the formation and the course of the initial pyrolysis and ignition amount of heat energy burner inside, especially in the area of forming fuel ignition location, exclusively by Conversion of electrical power into heat energy generated and / or provides.
  • the invention is directed to a method for igniting a particulate, in particular dusty, fuel by means of a burner, in particular pulverized coal burner, wherein the fuel in the burner promoted to within the burner in the region of the fuel nozzle forming ignition and the start of the burner for the formation and the course of an initial pyrolysis and ignition of the fuel delivered to the burner mouth is entered into the burner and / or the fuel conveyed therein exclusively by means of at least one ignition and / or heat source arranged in the burner, which heat source is in the form of a heating - And / or ignition device is formed in the burner or is arranged with such arranged in the burner heating and / or ignition device in heat-conducting and / or heat-transmitting active compound, the required amount of heat energy exclusively by Wandlerl ung electrical power generated in heat energy burner inside and / or provided
  • pulverized coal-fired power plants In connection with the feed-in of electrical energy from discontinuous, regenerative energy sources (eg photovoltaic or wind power plants) into the general power grid, pulverized coal-fired power plants must more frequently start at arbitrarily low partial loads or shut down be taken, which usually leads to the shutdown of individual or all burner levels of the combustion chamber of the steam generator of the power plant.
  • the ignition of coal dust when starting the burner is usually carried out with the aid of gaseous or liquid additional fuels, such as natural gas or light fuel oil, which are ignited in a arranged on or in the respective pulverized coal burner ignition lance.
  • burners are used, by means of which solid, often dust-like, fuels such as lignite, hard coal, biomass are burned.
  • the ignition of fuels is basically determined by the processes of pyrolysis of the particulate, dusty fuel and the oxidation of the combustion of the resulting pyrolysis products.
  • the necessary, known boundary conditions must be met.
  • coal dust for example, a suitable fuel concentration, a sufficiently high heat transfer, a sufficient residence time of the dust particles in the region of the pyrolysis and ignition zone and the presence of primary oxygen or a Oxidizing agent indispensable prerequisites. Taking these conditions into account, the pyrolysis and oxidation of the pyrolysis products required for the ignition can generally be ensured.
  • an ignition lance which is operated within the burner, to be operated with gaseous fuel and forms a pilot flame, at which fuel conveyed in the burner is ignited.
  • a purely electrically operated ignition device which has an ignition device which ignites fuel leaving a primary air tube of the burner.
  • the DD 240 245 A1 discloses a generic burner having an electric ignition device in the mouth region, by means of which a coal dust-air mixture is ignited. At the glowing electric ignition ignited coal dust passes and forms a Zündwirbel, which ensures that a arranged in this area the rear wall is also made to glow.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a solution that dispenses with the use of gaseous, liquid or solid additional fuel in relation to the fuel consumption cost, frequent startup and shutdown of the burner This object is achieved by a burner with the features of claim 1 and a method having the features of claim 11.
  • the solution is therefore first of all a burner, in particular a pulverized coal burner, which comprises a fuel tube, a fuel nozzle, at least one ignition and / or heat source and a tube carrying an oxygen-containing gas and / or recirculated flue gas, wherein the at least one ignition and / or or heat source arranged inside the burner and is designed as an electric heating and / or ignition, or such includes the heat energy required inside the burner for the emergence and the course of the initial pyrolysis and ignition burner inside, especially in the area of forming fuel Zündortes , Generated and / or provides exclusively by converting electrical power into heat energy, wherein a stabilizing ring with ring gear is part of the arranged in the mouth region of the fuel nozzle electric heating and / or ignition device.
  • a stabilizing ring with ring gear is part of the arranged in the mouth region of the fuel nozzle electric heating and / or ignition device.
  • a method for igniting a particulate, in particular dust-like, fuel by means of such a burner, in particular pulverized coal burner is provided, wherein the fuel in the burner promoted to within the burner in the region of the fuel nozzle forming ignition and the start of the burner for the formation and the course of an initial pyrolysis and ignition of the fuel delivered to the burner mouth is entered into the burner and / or the fuel conveyed therein exclusively by means of at least one ignition and / or heat source arranged in the burner, which heat source is in the form of a heating - And / or ignition device is formed in the burner or is arranged with such arranged in the burner heating and / or ignition device in heat-conducting and / or heat-transmitting active compound, the required amount of heat energy exclusively by converting ment of electrical power generated in heat energy burner inside and / or provided, the required amount of heat energy by means disposed in the mouth region of the fuel nozzle heating and / or ignition device in the burner and / or is introduced into the
  • the invention is thus based in its first aspect on the fact that in a power plant burners, especially pulverized coal burners, which are subjected to a frequent startup process, can be operated more cost-effectively, that at the respective start for performing the pyrolysis and ignition of the particulate, in particular dusty , Fuel required thermal energy total and exclusively by means of an electrical, ie by converting electrical power generated for the initial pyrolysis and ignition of particular dusty fuel necessary amount of heat energy generating heating and / or ignition and is registered within the burner in the fuel delivered in the burner , By eliminating the need for an ignition lance operated with gaseous or liquid (supplemental) fuel, there is no need for constructive and costly measures for arranging such a burner lance in a respective burner and the utilities and shut-off devices necessary to provide the (supplemental) fuel.
  • the amount of energy necessary for starting up such a burner, in particular a pulverized coal burner, for carrying out and ensuring the necessary initial pyrolysis and ignition of the fuel is generated solely electrically, ie by converting electrical current into heat energy. Electric power is regularly available in large power plants at different voltage levels.
  • the respectively initial initial ignition of the in the burner, especially pulverized coal burner, promoted particular dusty carbon and the necessary initiation and maintenance of an initial pyrolysis of the promoted in the burner fuel is thus achieved exclusively by means of one or more exclusively electrically operated heating and / or ignition and is also registered only inside the burner in the burner and / or the fuel.
  • a purely electrically operated ignition and / or heat source or heating and / or ignition device is arranged and formed inside the burner inside the burner.
  • this purely electrically operated ignition and / or heat source or heating and / or ignition device required for the initial pyrolysis and the ignition of the fuel heat energy (quantity) in components or construction elements of the burner and thus in the Burner initiates and enters. From these components or construction elements, the registered heat energy (amount) can then be delivered to the fuel flowing past it and entered into this, so that this is about the required for the initial pyrolysis and ignition heat energy (quantity) is supplied.
  • the purely electrically operated ignition and / or heat source or heating and / or ignition device to emit the heat energy (quantity) generated directly to the fuel flowing past it and to enter it.
  • a plurality of electrically operated ignition and / or heat sources or heating and / or igniting devices to be arranged and configured inside the burner, in which case in particular at least one of the ignition and / or heat sources or heating and / or ignition means electrically generated heat energy into the burner, ie components or design elements of the burner, initiates or enters and another of the ignition and / or heat sources or the heating and / or ignition devices within the burner heat energy in the flowing therein Fuel initiates and enters. But it can also initiate all heat sources or ignition heat energy only in components and design elements of the burner.
  • another aspect is that the amount of heat energy required, in particular during start-up of the burner within the burner for the formation and the course of the initial pyrolysis and ignition without the use of another additional liquid, gaseous or solid fuel, except the initially to be pyrolyzed and ignited fuel produced.
  • the initial to be pyrolyzed Fuel is the dust-like or particulate fuel, in particular pulverized coal, which is also provided in the further operation of the burner as a feedstock fuel for combustion to produce the burner flame.
  • the amount of heat energy required in the burner for the formation and the course of the initial pyrolysis and ignition is generated by means of the heating and / or ignition exclusively by converting electrical power into heat energy and / or an arc and / or plasma and introduced into the fuel.
  • a further aspect of the invention therefore also consists in the fact that the amount of heat energy required within the burner for the formation and the course of the initial pyrolysis and ignition is in contact or in contact with the flowing fuel at a residence time sufficient for the course of the initial pyrolysis and ignition Actively connected burner inside surface, in particular of the burner, is registered in the fuel.
  • the thermal energy is generated by means of an electric heating and / or ignition device, which is designed as part of the fuel nozzle and at least partially as a stabilizing ring with toothed ring and arranged in the opening region of the fuel nozzle.
  • the burner or fuel nozzle which is usually present in burners and, in particular, the stabilizing ring with toothed ring optionally provided and arranged there, is designed as a heating and / or ignition device which generates electrical heat energy and delivers it to or into the burner and / or to the fuel.
  • the burner according to the invention is therefore characterized in that a stabilizing ring with ring gear is part of the arranged in the mouth region of the fuel nozzle electric heating and / or ignition device.
  • the inventive method provides that the required amount of thermal energy is entered by means of a arranged in the mouth region of the fuel nozzle heating and / or ignition in the burner and / or in the subsidized fuel, the component is a stabilizing ring with sprocket.
  • the toothed stabilizing ring is arranged at a distance in front of the mouth opening of the tube arranged concentrically within the fuel tube and in the center of the burner.
  • the fuel nozzle is designed such that the tooth-shaped stabilizing ring is radially inwardly directed and detected in a fuel delivery cross section funded fuel flow or fuel dust flow, decelerates and deflects what the invention in Continuing education provides.
  • the fuel nozzle and / or the stabilizing ring with ring gear at least one of electric current flowable heating wire and / or at least one inductively heated area / have, which (r) respectively within the burner for the emergence and the Run the initial pyrolysis and ignition generated / generate and provide / provide heat energy required.
  • This also provides the invention in an embodiment.
  • the burner in particular pulverized coal burner, is characterized in that the electrical heating and / or ignition device, especially when starting the burner, in particular pulverized coal burner, within the burner for the formation and the course of the initial pyrolysis and ignition required amount of heat energy in the Forming fuel-ignition location without the use of another additional liquid, gaseous or solid fuel, except the initially pyrolyzed and ignited fuel produced and / or provides.
  • the burner it is therefore further expedient for the burner to have / have a contact surface on the burner interior side and / or the electrical heating and / or ignition device or to be in heat-conducting and / or heat-transmitting active connection with the starting operation of the burner a sufficient for the expiration of the initial pyrolysis and ignition residence time with the fuel in the fuel pipe funded in contact or in operative connection is / are, what the invention also provides.
  • a fuel nozzle having the stabilizing ring with toothed ring in the heat-conducting and / or heat-transmitting operative connection forms the burner inner surface area of the fuel tube and / or the contact surface.
  • the burner inner side surface is wholly or partially part of the contact surface of the heating and / or ignition device, which the invention also provides.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the heating and / or ignition device is also that the fuel nozzle in the mouth region comprises a plurality of windings formed from a heating wire or resistance wire, which form the heating and / or ignition, which the invention also provides.
  • the windings of the heating wire can extend through the stabilizing ring and the ring gear, which the invention also provides in an embodiment.
  • the invention is further characterized by the fact that the windings of the heating wire extend through adjacent to the stabilizing ring with ring gear burner inner surface areas of the fuel nozzle and the fuel pipe.
  • the electrical heating and / or ignition device is part of a fuel nozzle having a stabilizing ring with sprocket, it is also possible that the fuel nozzle and / or the stabilizing ring with ring gear form the electrical heating and / or ignition device what the invention also provides.
  • the invention is characterized in that the fuel nozzle and / or the stabilizing ring with ring gear and / or the burner interior surface areas to a temperature of at least 200 ° C, in particular ⁇ 450 ° C, is preferably formed of between 600 ° C - 700 ° C, heatable / are.
  • the heating ring formed in the stabilizing ring with toothed ring or designed as a stabilizing ring with toothed ring, and / or ignition device further electrical ignition and / or heat sources may be provided in the burner.
  • the invention is therefore also characterized in development by ignition and / or heat sources, which form a combination of the electric current into heat energy converting heating and / or ignition device with an arc generating or a hot air generating, further heating and / or ignition device.
  • the further electrical heating and / or ignition device comprises or forms a plasma torch which is directed in particular to the burner inner side surface and / or the contact surface and / or the stabilizing ring with ring gear and / or or the subsidized fuel transfers heat energy.
  • a hot-air delivery pipe as an electrical heating and / or ignition device
  • the further electrical heating and / or ignition device comprises or form a equipped with an electric heater hot air conveyor pipe, with its burner inside mouth region is directed to the burner inner side surface and / or the contact surface and / or the stabilizing ring with ring gear and transfers heat energy to these and / or the subsidized fuel.
  • a plurality of heating and / or ignition devices in particular of different types, can be realized and arranged on a burner. It is a combination of two heating and / or ignition devices, in particular the combination of an electric current into heat energy converting and an arc generating or a hot air generating heating and / or ignition possible.
  • the combination can thus consist in the burner inside a burner several ignition and / or heat sources or heating and / or ignition devices are formed and arranged, each enter or initiate either thermal energy in components or structural elements or burner devices or transferred to this or the Apply heat energy directly to the extracted fuel.
  • the burner is also characterized in another embodiment of the invention by the fact that the electrical heating and / or ignition and / or the further electrical heating and / or ignition device, especially when starting the burner, within the burner for the emergence and the amount of heat energy required in the initial pyrolysis and ignition process in the region of the fuel-ignition location that is being formed without the use of another additional liquid, gaseous or solid fuel, except for the fuel which is initially to be pyrolyzed and ignited, producing / producing and / or providing / providing.
  • the stabilizing ring with ring gear is at least part of an ignition and / or heat source, which the invention finally also envisages in the design of the burner.
  • the amount of heat energy required during startup of the burner within the burner for the formation and the course of the initial pyrolysis and ignition without the use of another additional liquid, gaseous or solid fuel, except for the initial to pyrolyzing and igniting fuel is generated.
  • the heat energy required within the burner for the formation and the course of the initial pyrolysis and ignition at one with a sufficient for the expiration of the initial pyrolysis and ignition residence time with the flowing fuel in contact or in Actively connected burner internal side surface of the burner is registered in the fuel and / or is entered on a contact surface of the heating and / or ignition burner inside the burner in the fuel with a for the entry of the required amount of heat energy in the fuel to produce the initial pyrolysis and ignition sufficient residence time on the inside of the burner with the fuel in Contact or is in operative connection, wherein the surface and / or the contact surface is / are formed by the fuel nozzle and / or the ring gear stabilizer ring.
  • the fuel nozzle and / or the stabilizing ring can be formed in particular advantageously as an electrically operated heating and / or ignition device, that the fuel nozzle and / or the stabilizing ring has / has a heated by heating electric wire or an inductively heated area, by means of which in each case the amount of heat energy required within the burner for the formation and the course of the initial pyrolysis and ignition is generated and provided, which the invention also provides.
  • an electrically operated heating and / or ignition but can also be a plasma torch or an arc-generating device use, so that it is also possible that the heat energy required within the burner for the formation and the course of the initial pyrolysis and ignition by means of a electric arc, in particular by means of a plasma torch, is generated and provided, which is directed in particular to the burner inner side surface and / or the contact surface and transmits the required amount of thermal energy to these and / or the subsidized fuel.
  • Another possibility of generating the heat energy necessary to trigger the initial pyrolysis or the initial pyrolysis process is to bring hot air into the region of the ignition or the location of the pyrolysis process, in which case within the burner for the formation and the course of the initial pyrolysis and ignition required amount of heat energy is generated and provided by means of a equipped with an electric heater hot air conveyor tube, which is directed with its burner inside mouth region in particular on the burner inner side surface and / or the contact surface and transmits the required amount of heat energy to these and / or the subsidized fuel.
  • the surface to be provided for the heat input into the fuel is not an immediate component of the heating and / or ignition device, but is provided by a burner device which is thus in heat-conducting or heat-transmitting operative connection, so that the surface inside the burner inner surface and / or or contact surface of a standing with the heating and / or ignition, in particular the fuel nozzle and / or the stabilizing ring with sprocket, in heat-conducting and / or heat-transmitting operative connection burner mouth side inner surface area of the fuel tube is formed.
  • the invention therefore provides, in a further embodiment of the method, that the burner inner side surface and / or the contact surface and / or the stabilization ring with ring gear and / or a brennermündungs claimed inner surface area of the fuel tube by means of the heating and / or ignition device to a temperature of ⁇ 200 ° C, in particular of ⁇ 450 ° C, preferably of between 600 ° C - 700 ° C, is heated.
  • the ignition temperature of solid fuels increases with increasing degree of coalification, ie with a lower percentage of volatile constituents.
  • the particulate, in particular pulverulent, fuel can be conveyed in the burner, in particular in the fuel pipe or fuel delivery pipe, with a concentration between 0.1 and 10 kg (fuel) / (carrier gas) and / or a conveying speed between 5 and 30 m / s in the burner ,
  • the invention finally also provides that the particulate, in particular dust-like, fuel in the burner with a concentration between 0.1 and 10 kg (fuel) / kg (carrier gas) and / or a conveying speed between 5 and 30 m / s is guided along the burner inner side surface and / or the contact surface and / or the stabilizing ring with sprocket and / or the burner mouth side inner surface region of the fuel tube.
  • the burner in particular pulverized coal burner, is preferably designed as a component suitable for an indirect firing system, wherein the fuel-conveying gas has a higher dust loading of ⁇ 0.4 kg (fuel) / kg (gas).
  • the invention therefore aims at the ignition of solid, particulate, in particular pulverulent fuels based on lignite, Hard coal, biomass or other materials in suitable burner devices, ie in particular burners or pulverized coal burners, without the use of an additional, gaseous or liquid fuel to perform.
  • suitable burner devices ie in particular burners or pulverized coal burners
  • the invention is suitable for use in indirect combustion systems. Also, existing power plants can be retrofitted with it.
  • the invention relates to a burner device or a burner, in particular pulverized coal burner, and a method for solid, particulate, especially dusty, fuel with the coal dust or biomass or mixtures thereof without the aid of other gaseous or liquid fuels can be ignited exclusively with electrical energy ,
  • the burner device or the burner or pulverized coal burner has in particular the special features or combinations listed below, which are explained below on the basis of the drawing showing an exemplary embodiment.
  • the drawing which is a single figure, shows in a schematic sectional view a cross-section of a pulverized coal burner 12 installed in the lining or pipe wall bend of a steam generator of a large thermal power station.
  • This pulverized coal burner 12 comprises a fuel pipe 1 which controls the delivery and concentration of a dusty, carbonaceous fuel conveyed therein into the mouth region 13 of the pulverized coal burner 12, where a fuel nozzle 2 is formed, which completely detects, delays and deflects the fuel flow or fuel dust stream conveyed in the fuel delivery cross section 8 by means of a conventional tooth-shaped stabilizing ring 9 due to its geometric configuration.
  • the fuel nozzle 2 has a plurality of windings formed from a heating wire 20 or resistance wire, which form a (first) heating and / or ignition device 14 '.
  • the windings of the heating wire 20 extend through the stabilizing ring 9 and its sprocket 15 and adjacent thereto burner inner surface portions 16, 17, 18 and 19 of the fuel nozzle 2 and the fuel tube 1.
  • an ignition lance further heating and / or ignition device 14 which forms a further ignition and / or heat source 3 and allows for triggering the initial pyrolysis sufficiently high heat transfer and heat input into the funded fuel flow, with their peak in Area of the forming Zündortes the subsidized fuel arranged.
  • the necessary for the ignition and combustion or oxidation of the fuel oxygen is supplied in particular through the central tube 10 or core air tube 7 in the region of the ignition.
  • the supporting the fuel in the fuel tube 1 supporting gas such as an oxygen-containing gas (usually atmospheric air) or a CO 2 -containing recirculation gas, the necessary oxygen for combustion are supplied to the region of the ignition.
  • the region of the ignition location is in the region of the toothed rim 15 of the stabilizing ring 9.
  • This region of the ignition location is made available via the carrier gas or the oxygen-containing gas or the recirculation gas, the oxygen required for ignition or for immediate oxidation of the pyrolysis products released from the dust particles of the fuel .
  • the here in the field of ignition by means of the (first) heating and / or ignition devices amount of heat generated is introduced directly or at least partially by means of heat conduction and / or heat transfer, for example by means of radiant heat in the fuel nozzle 2 and the stabilizing ring 9 with ring gear 15 and from this via heat conduction into adjacent inner surface areas 16, 17, 18, 19 of the fuel delivery pipe 1 and / or the fuel nozzle 2, so that over a corresponding distance, along which the fuel partially in contact with the inner surface regions 16, 17, 18 19 occurs 19 and flows to the burner orifice 3, for the formation and the course of the initial pyrolysis and ignition in the area the ignition location required heat input is provided in the fuel.
  • the first ignition and / or heat sources 3 'and the further ignition and / or heat source 3 provide - at least in total, but possibly also individually - for the pyrolysis, i. the expiring initial pyrolysis, and the ignition of the particulate, especially dusty fuel necessary heat and ignition energy exclusively by the use of electrical energy as electrically heated ignition and / or heat source 3, 3 'or heating and / or igniter 14, 14' without Use of additional additional liquid or gaseous fuels ready.
  • the initial pyrolysis process ie the formation and execution of the initial pyrolysis, and the initial ignition is completed and / will electrically operated heating and / or ignition device (s) 14, 14 ' switched off.
  • the further combustion of the delivered fuel under continuous flow and continuous formation of the pyrolysis process with the final ignition of the pyrolysis products is then carried out in the usual way by the heat energy input generated by the burner flame in the fuel conveyed in the pulverized coal burner.
  • the heat energy required for the formation and the course of the initial pyrolysis and ignition is introduced in the region of the fuel nozzle 2 and / or the stabilizing ring 9 and the burner mouth side inner surface region 16 of the fuel tube 1 into the fuel flowing along it with sufficient residence time.
  • These surfaces or surface areas form the burner inner side surface 16, 17, 18, 19, along which the amount of heat energy required in the pulverized coal burner 12 for the formation and the course of the initial pyrolysis and ignition at one with a sufficient for the expiration of the initial pyrolysis and ignition Residence time with the flowing fuel in contact or operatively connected burner inner surface 16, 17, 18, 19 is entered into the fuel.
  • This burner inner side surface 16, 17, 18, 19 is wholly or partially part of a contact surface of the (first) heating and / or ignition device 14 ', since the fuel nozzle 2 with the stabilizing ring 9 arranged thereon with ring gear 15 and / or the burner inner surface 16 , 17, 18, 19 by means of the electric heating wire 20 or by means of inductive heating as (first) heating and / or ignition device 14 'is / are formed and the first heated electrical ignition and / or heat source 3' form.
  • the further heating and / or ignition device 14 may also be formed by a hot air conveying tube, which is equipped to generate the required amount of heat energy with an electric heater and the burner inside its mouth on the burner inner side surface and / or the contact surface and / or the fuel flowing past it directed and transmits to this or this the amount of heat energy required.
  • the fuel nozzle 2 comprises a toothed stabilizing ring 9, which is formed and arranged at the mouth-side end of the fuel pipe 1 and forms its mouth end 13.
  • the fuel nozzle 2 and in particular the toothed stabilizing ring 9 is further arranged with or in a - desired, certain and possibly determinable - distance before the mouth of the concentric fuel tube 1 within the same and arranged in the center of the burner core air tube 7 and formed.
  • the fuel nozzle 2 and / or the burner inner side surface portions 16, 17, 18, 19 are wholly or partially at least, preferably exclusively, electrically to a temperature of at least 200 ° C, depending on the nature of the fuel to a temperature of preferably> 400 ° C, heated.
  • the further ignition and / or heat source 3 preferably supports the pyrolysis and (de) ignites pyrolysis products which have become free, and this optionally additionally, if, for example, the electrically heated inner surfaces 16, 17, 18, 19 of the fuel nozzle 2 or the stabilizing ring 9 electrically heated in another way, for example inductively or by means of a heating wire 20 embedded in the fuel nozzle 2.
  • a plasma flame which can be generated by means of electrical energy without an additional fuel.
  • the plasma flame is thereby formed with the aid of a suitable lance in the immediate vicinity of the fuel nozzle 2 and / or the stabilizing ring 9, whereby the fuel dust / fuel dust is heated so much that the pyrolysis process is instantaneous and the oxidation can take place in a timely manner.
  • This ignition and / or heat source 3 in the form of a plasma flame can additionally be provided if the fuel nozzle 2 and / or the burner inner side surface 16, 17, 18, 19 in other ways completely or partially electrically heated, for example, inductively or by means of a
  • the fuel dust / fuel dust is additionally strongly heated by the formation of the plasma flame with the aid of the suitable lance in the immediate vicinity of the fuel nozzle 2, in the fuel nozzle 2 and / or in the burner inner side surface 16, 17, 18, 19 the pyrolysis process is assisted and the oxidation of the pyrolysis products released from the fuel dust particles at the electrically heated fuel nozzle 2 or the burner inner side surface 16, 17, 18, 19 or the ignition and / or heat sources 3, 3 'can take place in a timely manner.
  • the fuel tube 1, a device 4, with the temporary startup dust lock can be formed, which is specifically directed to increase the heat release in the ignition and / or heat sources 3 and / or 3 ', and then after ignition to be dissolved again without worsening the above-mentioned ignition conditions.
  • the device 4 may be designed as a rail, which stacks the fuel dust with the help of a swirl generator 5 at a certain circumferential position and deflects in the axial direction.
  • an electrically heated heating wire 20 or another form of electrical heating for example, inductive heating, as ignition and / or heat source 3, 3 'in the fuel nozzle 2 and / or in the burner inner surface 16, 17, 18, 19 is integrated.
  • inductive heating as ignition and / or heat source 3, 3 'in the fuel nozzle 2 and / or in the burner inner surface 16, 17, 18, 19 is integrated.
  • the exclusiveness results when only at this point an ignition and / or heat source 3, 3 'is formed.
  • the additionality arises when such or one of the heat source 3 is also formed elsewhere in the burner.
  • a fuel lance 6 is arranged in the burner 12, which selectively introduces a part of the fuel / fuel dust / fuel dust into the further ignition and / or heat source 3, which is then preferably designed as a plasma flame, as a result of which the carbonaceous dust particles are heated very strongly and the release and ignition of pyrolysis products from the fuel leads to the formation of a flame which, in turn, causes the pyrolysis of the dust-like fuel particles detected and delayed at the fuel nozzle 2 by heat release and in particular by the heat radiation of the heated fuel particles continuously emitted via the electromagnetic spectrum.
  • the fuel lance 6 can be formed as an independent component or as a further ignition and / or heat source 3 surrounding annular cross-section.
  • the fuel nozzle 2 can be isolated on its side facing away from the fuel flow with the aid of refractory materials, such as textiles or dimensionally stable components made of ceramic fibers, in order to reduce the heat losses to the surrounding the fuel tube 1 shell air 11 and the electrical energy requirement of the heating.
  • refractory materials such as textiles or dimensionally stable components made of ceramic fibers
  • the fuel nozzle 2 is heated in particular inductively to a suitable and the respective intended temperature.
  • an ignition lance 6 operated with a dusty, solid fuel and designed as a heating and / or heat source, which generates a flame in the vicinity of the fuel nozzle 2, preferably with the aid of an electric igniter with the addition of pure oxygen or a gas mixture is ignited with very high oxygen partial pressure.
  • the ignition is performed by means of sufficiently hot air or at least supported. This is possible because the ignition of the coal dust is ultimately due to the pyrolysis of the volatiles and the subsequent onset of the reaction of the volatiles with the supplied oxygen.
  • Crucial for this are the temperature conditions in the area of the mixing zone between this hot air and the fuel and the residence times. Hot air temperatures of> 450 ° C, for example, a hot air generated by means of an electric heating and / or ignition device 14 with a temperature in the range of 650 ° C, are sufficient to set the pyrolysis and ignition process, for example in dry lignite in motion.
  • Such a heating and / or ignition device 14 may for example be installed in the burner shown in the figure.
  • the hot air is then introduced in the region of the mouth 13 of the dust nozzle or burner nozzle 2 and mixed there with the particular dust-like fuel, preferably lignite dust.
  • This ignitable mixture is then located directly in the region of the return zone of the burner, so that the resulting after the ignition of the fuel flame is distributed at a correspondingly high swirl over the circumference of the burner and forms a stable flame.
  • this method can be used in any burner form in which the mixing zone between fuel and air or combustion oxygen or oxidizing agent in the region of a flame holder, here the stabilizing ring 9, located.
  • the hot air is mixed into the fuel in the burner inside initial region of the mixing zone between fuel and air. In this case, the speed of the fuel should be so low that on the remaining way to the burner mouth good mixing of the hot air is ensured with the fuel with sufficient residence time.
  • a hot air tube through which the heated ignition air is promoted and thereby heated by means provided in or on the hot air tube electrical heating within the hot air tube.
  • the outlet of the hot air tube is located near the dust nozzle or fuel nozzle 2 within the burner in the flow direction in front of the stabilizing ring 9, so that an immediate mixing of the hot air can be done with the supplied through the fuel tube 1 fuel.
  • the hot air tube can be guided by the primary air tube provided at the burner, the core air tube 7, by the secondary air tube, the jacket air pipe or from all sides to this point.
  • the intended for heating electrical device is to allow heating of the air to sufficiently high temperatures for the heating and pyrolysis of the fuel. The positioning thereof within the burner is preferably chosen so that this is possible with little design effort.
  • the heated ignition air can also be mixed directly with a dusty medium, preferably fuel dust, with the help of a lance 6 or a circular cross-section surrounding the Zünd Kunststofflanze, so that a high thermal radiation of the then hot dust particles to heat transfer to the detected and delayed at the fuel nozzle dust particles leads, whereby these degasify and release flammable pyrolysis products.
  • a dusty medium preferably fuel dust
  • the invention allows the conversion of boilers or steam generators to ignition and support fire in existing combustion of coal dust, especially dry lignite dust, and is particularly in indirect firing and concomitant dismantling of the supply infrastructure for oil or gaseous fuels advantage.
  • a such, in particular indirect firing may also include mixtures of the different fuels. It is expedient to use a mixture of dry brown coal and sawdust or other biomass.
  • the firing and support firing based on the indirect firing can also be used in steam generators with direct main firing of hard coal or lignite coal and allows here in particular the operation of the steam generator at arbitrarily low loads with nevertheless stable firing.
  • Indirect firing is expediently carried out with higher dust loads> 0.4 kg (fuel dust) / kg (gas).
  • direct firing or direct firing system is understood in the above context and in connection with the invention that the fuel after its preparation / grinding in a grinding plant, especially coal mills, directly to the burners in the firing chamber of the large steam generator is supplied.
  • Indirect firing or indirect firing system is understood to mean an intermediate storage of the fuel after the treatment / milling in the grinding plant in one or more storage containers or silos, from which the fuel is then conveyed to the burners as needed and as needed, if appropriate later.
  • the combustion of pulverized fuel is used in the steam generators of thermal power plants.
  • the steam generators are equipped with pulverized coal burners 12 for this purpose.
  • the pulverized coal burners 12 fulfill the function of enabling the pyrolysis and combustion process described below.
  • the volatile constituents contained in the fuel are initially ignited when the fuel is ignited. In order for these to be ignited, they must gaseously escape from the fuel dust. Under the influence of heat, the volatiles escape from the fuel dust and thus come into contact with the oxygen necessary for the oxidation. The escape of the volatiles into the gas phase is referred to as pyrolysis.
  • the carrier gas of the fuel in the fuel lines may contain oxygen.
  • the concentration of fuel in the carrier gas may be, for example, between 0.1 and 10 kg (fuel) / kg (carrier gas).
  • the conveying speed of the fuel can be in the range between 5 and 30 m / s.
  • the pyrolysis and combustion process takes place at the mouth region 13 of the burner 12, i. where the fuel and oxygen carrier gas leading tubes of the burner 12 open into the furnace of a steam generator.
  • the burner 12 fulfills the function of allowing for the heat transfer to the fuel and the formation and the pyrolysis necessary residence time.
  • the residence time depends on the required amount of heat or temperature of the fuel and the thermal power acting on the fuel via a heat transfer. This is realized in the burner 12 in that the amount of heat or the temperature corresponds to the requirements of the pyrolysis and the initialization of the oxidation of volatile constituents of the fuel.
  • a high residence time ensures sufficient heat transfer.
  • the structural design of the burner 12 by the dusty fuel at a suitable location at or near the mouth region 13 of the burner 12 by deceleration, deceleration, turbulence or deflection in its movement is influenced such that the available and acting on the fuel heat output leads to a sufficient transfer of heat, which is required for the initiation of pyrolysis and the combustion of the pyrolysis on the fuel.
  • the component realized for influencing the movement of the fuel in the burner 12 is the fuel nozzle 2 or the flame holder. The necessary amount of heat must be provided at the appropriate place mentioned above.
  • the residence time is selected such that an ignitable mixture of gaseous pyrolysis products and the oxygen carrier gas is produced by the pyrolysis.
  • the carrier gas which transports the fuel dust, may already contain an amount of oxygen sufficient for the oxidation of the pyrolysis products.
  • the burner 12 may alternatively via lines for providing air or other oxidant gases, the required oxygen at its mouth for the combustion of the provide gaseous pyrolysis or for the subsequent combustion of the carbon contained in the fuel have.
  • the mouth of the burner inside pipes is located where the amount of oxygen required for combustion must be made available.
  • a gaseous or liquid auxiliary fuel is first ignited electrically, ie by a spark or arc is an ignitable mixture of oxygen carrier gas and gaseous or liquid fuel for a short time supplied heat energy sufficient to achieve an oxidation of the auxiliary fuel.
  • the oxidation or combustion of the auxiliary fuel liberates thermal energy, which results in a continuous flow Combustion of the supplied liquid or gaseous fuel leads.
  • the heat energy released from this combustion is used to ignite a dust-like fuel, ie to effect the initial pyrolysis and ignition of the dust-like fuel.
  • the combustion of the liquid or gaseous auxiliary fuel can be stopped because the combustion of the dust-like fuel continues automatically by the heat released during combustion heat.
  • a short-term spark or arc is insufficient to cause pyrolysis, ie, the escape of volatiles from the fuel with the aim of producing a combustible mixture with an oxygen carrier.
  • the invention now provides a method and a pulverized coal burner 12 which exclusively generates and supplies the amount of heat required for the pyrolysis and the combustion of the volatile constituents of the pulverulent fuel without combustion of an additional liquid or gaseous auxiliary fuel.
  • Pyrolysis that is, volatilization of the dusty solid fuel, begins even at temperatures lower than those required to oxidize the carbon fixedly attached in the fuel.
  • the so-called pyrolysis temperature is dependent on the properties of the dust-like fuel and can be determined experimentally.
  • at least the first heat source 3 'adapted to the available residence time is provided, which is optionally supported by the further heat source 3. If there is an insufficient residence time or amount of heat, so that the initial pyrolysis can not be effected, the combustion of the solid fuel will not take place.
  • the gaseous, derived from the fuel volatiles ignite under certain conditions.
  • sufficient oxygen must be available for combustion.
  • a suitable combustion ratio of oxygen and combustibles i. an ignitable mixture of the oxygen carrier gas and the volatiles escaping from the fuel are formed.
  • the ability of the mixture to ignite is described by means of the lower and upper ignition limits.
  • the ignition limits are those mixture ratios of oxygen and combustible materials within which such a mixture is flammable. It must therefore initially escape a sufficient amount of volatile components from the fuel, so that ignitable mixtures arise.
  • the residence time already mentioned above is therefore designed so that a sufficient amount of volatiles escapes from the fuel.
  • sufficient oxygen is provided to form an ignitable mixture.
  • the supply of air or another oxidizer is designed such that the escaped volatiles and the oxygen carrier gas form an ignitable mixture. Further, for sufficient ignition of the mixture, a sufficient temperature must prevail, or a sufficient residence time for heating up to this temperature, or in other words a sufficient residence time for the required transfer of heat must be made possible. If this is the case, then, after successful ignition of the mixture, heat energy is released from the exothermic oxidation reactions.
  • the heat energy released from the combustion of the educt mixture of oxygen carrier gas, eg air, and the volatiles released from the fuel leads to an increase in the temperature of the products resulting from the combustion and to a further heat transfer to the degassing fuel.
  • the combustion of volatile constituents and the degassed fuel in turn leads to a release of heat energy, which causes the formation of a stable, continuous Combustion process allows.
  • the combustion of the degassed fuel is largely determined by chemical and diffusion processes.
  • the educts continuously fed to the combustion, i. the dusty fuel and the volatiles escaping from it, heated up. This results in a continuous combustion, wherein the supplied fuel is degassed by absorbing heat, ignites and burns.
  • the heat necessary for the initialization of the individual process steps must first be provided by a source other than the exothermic combustion reactions.
  • Process step 4a Ignition on hot surfaces
  • the amount of heat used to initialize the process steps of pyrolysis and ignition of the fuel i. is necessary for providing the activation energy of the exothermic reactions of the oxidation of volatile components, is provided on the burner inside a side of the burner 12 on a suitable surface, to which the residence time for heat transfer is sufficient.
  • the residence time necessary for the formation and the course of an initial pyrolysis and ignition of the dusty fuel, necessary residence time for heating can be achieved constructively by internals that delay the fuel, decelerate, distract or vortex.
  • These fittings or surfaces may be the fuel nozzle 2 with the toothed stabilizing ring 9 or a flame holder.
  • the residence time required for the individual process steps is realized on this component. It is therefore expedient to transfer the amount of heat required for the abovementioned process steps to the fuel also at this suitable surface.
  • the temperature of the fuel nozzle 2 or of the stabilizing ring depends on the specific requirements of the respective fuel to be pyrolyzed and ignited.
  • Process step 4b Use of a plasma torch
  • the amount of heat necessary to achieve the pyrolysis of the fuel and to activate the oxidation of the pyrolysis products may also be provided by means of a plasma torch. This occurs at a point at which the fuel has a sufficient residence time, so that sufficient heat can be transferred to the fuel.
  • a plasma flame with the aim of avoiding the combustion of gaseous or liquid fuel for the ignition of solid, dusty fuel, can go beyond the mere making available of heat, since a plasma has special chemical-physical properties.
  • the formation of a plasma is particularly suitable for the initialization of the firing of solid, dusty fuels, because the charge carriers present in the plasma, namely radicals, ions and electrons, can trigger the chemical reactions generally referred to as combustion.
  • the plasma flame is aligned by means of a lance at a suitable location near the burner mouth so that a sufficient transfer of heat to the fuel for the above-mentioned process steps, which require the supply of heat, or the dust-like fuel in direct contact with the free charge carriers present in the plasma come, so that the combustion can take place.
  • very high temperatures prevail, ie the charge carriers present in the plasma have a high kinetic energy, so that a suitable heat transfer to the fuel takes place in order to effect the pyrolysis and the combustion of pyrolysis products.
  • charge carriers for combustion reactions with the constituents of the dusty fuel are available in the plasma. If the other conditions described above for the individual process steps are also met, the fuel can be ignited and burned in this way. Once the ignition of the fuel is realized in this way, the ignition of the Maintaining fuel with the heat available from the combustion, so that the generation of the plasma can be switched off again.
  • the initiation of the process steps pyrolysis and combustion of the pyrolysis by the provision of a sufficient amount of heat energy can in the plasma flame and the plasma-based Kohlenstaubflamme from a partial flow of the fuel and the particle flame with non-combustible material with other heat sources, such as a heated fuel nozzle or a heated flame holder, combined.
  • a hot gas for example air
  • the hot gas can be heated, for example by means of an electric heater.

Claims (15)

  1. Brûleur (12) à charbon pulvérisé, qui comprend un tuyau (2) d'alimentation en carburant, refoulant un combustible particulaire contenant du charbon dans la zone de sortie (13) du brûleur (12) à charbon pulvérisé, et entouré par une chemise d'air (11), tuyau qui comprend un gicleur (2) de combustible, réalisé dans la zone de sortie (13), gicleur qui comprend une bague de stabilisation (9) pourvue d'une couronne dentée (15), qui est disposée à l'extrémité côté sortie du tuyau (1) d'alimentation en combustible et en forme l'extrémité de sortie, et qui présente un tuyau (10) ou un tuyau d'air central (7), en position centrale, refoulant un gaz oxygéné et/ou des fumées recirculées, et disposé d'une manière concentrique à l'intérieur du tuyau (1) d'alimentation en combustible et au centre du brûleur (12) à charbon pulvérisé,
    caractérisé en ce que le brûleur (12) à charbon pulvérisé comprend au moins une source d'allumage et/ou de chaleur (3'), qui est disposée, côté intérieur du brûleur, dans la zone de sortie (13) du gicleur (2) de combustible, et est configurée sous forme d'un dispositif électrique de chauffage et/ou d'allumage (14'), ou comprend un tel dispositif, laquelle source d'allumage et/ou de chaleur étant un constituant de la bague de stabilisation (9) comportant une couronne dentée (15), et qui produit et/ou fournit la quantité d'énergie thermique nécessaire à l'intérieur du brûleur (12) à charbon pulvérisé pour la création et le déroulement de la pyrolyse et de l'allumage initiaux, côté intérieur du brûleur, en particulier dans la zone du point d'allumage du combustible qui se forme, et ce, exclusivement par conversion d'un courant électrique en énergie thermique.
  2. Brûleur à charbon pulvérisé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la bague de stabilisation dentée (9) est disposée à une certaine distance en avant de l'orifice de sortie du tube (7, 10), disposée d'une manière concentrique à l'intérieur du tube (1) d'alimentation en combustible et au centre du brûleur.
  3. Brûleur à charbon pulvérisé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le gicleur (2) de combustible et/ou la bague de stabilisation (9) comportant une couronne dentée (15) présentent au moins un fil de chauffage (20) pouvant être parcouru par un courant électrique et/ou au moins une zone chauffée par induction, dont chacun produit et fournit la quantité d'énergie thermique nécessaire à l'intérieur du brûleur pour la création et au déroulement de la pyrolyse et de l'allumage initiaux.
  4. Brûleur à charbon pulvérisé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le brûleur présente une surface (16, 17, 18, 19) côté intérieur du brûleur et/ou le dispositif électrique de chauffage et/ou d'allumage (14') une surface de contact, ou sont en liaison active, à effet de conduction de chaleur et/ou de transfert de chaleur, telle qu'elle assure, lors de l'opération de démarrage du brûleur, et avec un temps de séjour suffisant pour le déroulement de la pyrolyse et de l'allumage initiaux, un contact ou une liaison active avec le combustible refoulé dans le tuyau (1) d'alimentation en combustible.
  5. Brûleur à charbon pulvérisé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'une zone de surface intérieure du tuyau (1) d'alimentation en combustible, côté sortie du brûleur, en liaison active, avec effet de conduction de chaleur et/ou de transfert de chaleur, avec le gicleur (2) de combustible présentant la bague de stabilisation (9) comportant la couronne dentée (15), réalise la surface (16, 17, 18, 19) et/ou la surface de contact côté intérieur du brûleur.
  6. Brûleur à charbon pulvérisé selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que la surface (16, 17, 18, 19) côté intérieur du brûleur est en totalité ou en partie un constituant de la surface de contact du dispositif de chauffage et/ou d'allumage (14').
  7. Brûleur à charbon pulvérisé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le gicleur (2) de combustible présente dans la zone de sortie (13) plusieurs enroulements, formés d'un fil de chauffage (20) ou d'un fil résistant, qui forment le dispositif de chauffage et d'allumage (14').
  8. Brûleur à charbon pulvérisé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le gicleur (2) de combustible et/ou la bague de stabilisation (9) comportant une couronne dentée (15) forment le dispositif électrique de chauffage et/ou d'allumage (14').
  9. Brûleur à charbon pulvérisé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le gicleur (2) de combustible et/ou la bague de stabilisation (9) comportant une couronne dentée (15) et/ou les zones de surface (16, 17, 18, 19) côté intérieur du brûleur sont configurés de façon à pouvoir être totalement chauffés à une température d'au moins 200°C, en particulier ≥ 450°C, de préférence comprise entre 600°C et 700°C.
  10. Brûleur à charbon pulvérisé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par des sources d'allumage et/ou de chaleur (3, 3'), qui forment une combinaison du dispositif de chauffage et/ou d'allumage (14') qui convertit le courant électrique en énergie thermique, avec un dispositif de chauffage et/ou d'allumage supplémentaire (14), qui produit un arc électrique et/ou un air chaud.
  11. Procédé pour allumer un combustible pulvérulent particulaire, refoulé dans un brûleur (12) à charbon pulvérisé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel le combustible est refoulé dans le tuyau (1) d'alimentation en combustible jusqu'à son point d'allumage, qui se forme à l'intérieur du brûleur (12) à charbon pulvérisé dans la zone du gicleur (2) de combustible, et la quantité d'énergie thermique nécessaire, lors du démarrage du brûleur (12) à charbon pulvérisé, pour la création et au déroulement d'une pyrolyse et d'un allumage initiaux du combustible refoulé vers la sortie (13) du brûleur, est amenée dans le brûleur (12) à charbon pulvérisé et/ou dans le combustible qui y est refoulé, exclusivement à l'aide de l'au moins une source d'allumage et/ou de chaleur (3') disposée dans le brûleur (12) à charbon pulvérisé, source qui est configurée sous la forme du dispositif de chauffage et/ou d'allumage (14') côté intérieur du brûleur, disposé dans la zone de sortie (13) du gicleur (2) de combustible, ou comprend un tel dispositif, dont le constituant est la bague de stabilisation (9) comportant la couronne dentée (15), la quantité d'énergie thermique nécessaire étant produite et/ou fournie côté intérieur du brûleur, exclusivement par la conversion du courant électrique en énergie thermique.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la quantité d'énergie thermique nécessaire, lors du démarrage du brûleur, à l'intérieur du brûleur, pour la création et le déroulement de la pyrolyse et de l'allumage initiaux, est produite sans utilisation d'un autre combustible supplémentaire liquide, gazeux ou solide, à l'exception du combustible devant initialement être pyrolysé et allumé.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que la quantité d'énergie thermique nécessaire à l'intérieur du brûleur pour la création et le déroulement de la pyrolyse et de l'allumage initiaux est amenée dans le combustible sur une surface (16, 17, 18, 19) du brûleur, côté intérieur du brûleur, se trouvant pendant un temps de séjour suffisant pour le déroulement de la pyrolyse et l'allumage initiaux en contact ou en liaison active avec le combustible en écoulement, et/ou est amenée dans le combustible côté intérieur du brûleur sur une surface de contact du dispositif de chauffage et/ou d'allumage (14'), qui, côté intérieur du brûleur, avec un temps de séjour suffisant pour l'amenée, dans le brûleur, de la quantité d'énergie de chaleur nécessaire pour produire la pyrolyse et l'allumage initiaux, est en contact ou en liaison active avec le combustible, la surface (16, 17, 18, 19) et/ou la surface de contact étant formées par le gicleur (2) de combustible et/ou par la bague de stabilisation (9) comportant la couronne dentée (15), ou les comprenant.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le gicleur (2) de combustible et/ou la bague de stabilisation (9) comprennent un fil chauffant (20) pouvant être parcouru par un courant électrique, ou une zone chauffée par chauffage par induction, à l'aide de chacun desquels est produite et fournie la quantité d'énergie thermique nécessaire à l'intérieur du brûleur pour la création et le déroulement de la pyrolyse et de l'allumage initiaux.
  15. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que la surface (16, 17, 18, 19) côté intérieur du brûleur et/ou la surface de contact et/ou la bague de stabilisation (9) comportant la couronne dentée (15) et/ou une zone de surface intérieure, côté sortie du brûleur, du tuyau (1) d'alimentation en combustible, sont en totalité chauffées à l'aide du dispositif de chauffage et/ou d'allumage (14, 14') à une température ≥ 200°C, en particulier ≥ 450°C, de préférence comprise entre 600°C et 700°C.
EP14777675.1A 2013-10-18 2014-10-02 Procédé permettant d'allumer un brûleur de centrale électrique et brûleur à charbon pulvérisé adapté à celui-ci Not-in-force EP3058279B1 (fr)

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DE102013111504.7A DE102013111504B4 (de) 2013-10-18 2013-10-18 Verfahren zur Zündung eines Kraftwerkbrenners und dafür geeigneter Kohlenstaubbrenner
PCT/EP2014/071206 WO2015055443A1 (fr) 2013-10-18 2014-10-02 Procédé permettant d'allumer un brûleur de centrale électrique et brûleur à charbon pulvérisé adapté à celui-ci

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KR20160071378A (ko) 2016-06-21
CA2927707A1 (fr) 2015-04-23
DE102013111504A1 (de) 2015-04-23
WO2015055443A1 (fr) 2015-04-23
CN105637296B (zh) 2018-03-30
EP3058279A1 (fr) 2016-08-24
US10309644B2 (en) 2019-06-04
DE102013111504B4 (de) 2017-12-07
CN105637296A (zh) 2016-06-01
JP2016533467A (ja) 2016-10-27
US20160238239A1 (en) 2016-08-18

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